Large anti-submarine ship. Large anti-submarine ships of the USSR Navy Armament BOD

LARGE ANTI-SUBARINE SHIP "BRAVE" ( I-th part)

Large anti-submarine ship "Brave"

Each ship, like a person, has its own name, its own destiny. The crew is the soul of the ship. From the first raising of the flag to the last lowering, the crew and the ship are a single living organism performing combat missions on long voyages and during firing training.

But the moment comes when the crew lines up for the final ceremonial lowering of the flag. This day is solemn and sad. The sailors will walk around their combat posts, cockpits, cabins for the last time and leave it forever, as if the soul leaves the body of a decrepit, dying old man.

Unfortunately, this is not always what happens.

Fatal coincidences and the human factor sometimes play an evil role in the fate of the ship and its crew.

The event that will be discussed in this article occurred in the Black Sea Fleet on August 30, 1974; during an exercise, the large anti-submarine ship Brave exploded and sank.

But first of all, let's start from the beginning.

THE BEGINNING OF THE WAY.

On August 10, 1963, the large anti-submarine ship “Brave” of Project 61 was laid down on the stocks of the Nikolaev shipyard “named after 61 communards”.

On October 17, 1964, the ship was launched, and on January 25, 1966, it was included in the USSR Black Sea Fleet. Home port is the city of Sevastopol.

The construction of ships of this type was caused by the appearance in the world of submarines with nuclear power plants, increasing their autonomy, cruising range and speed; in addition, nuclear missiles were based on them, which turned submarines into powerful strategic weapons.

With the advent of supersonic jet aircraft, ships also needed new anti-aircraft missile systems to protect the ship from enemy air attacks.

To detect underwater and surface targets, the ship was equipped with a Titan all-round sonar station and a Vychegda fire control station. The detection range of submarines was up to 8 km. in echo direction finding mode and 18 km in noise direction finding mode. At the stern of the ship there was a helipad that could accommodate the Ka-25 anti-submarine helicopter. The ship also had a five-tube torpedo tube PTA-53-61 with a “Zummer” fire control system, two RBU-6000 and RBU-1000 rocket launchers with a “Storm” control system.

To effectively protect the ship from air attacks, the ship was equipped with two M-1 Volna anti-aircraft missile systems, located in the stern and bow of the ship. Each complex consisted of two ZIF-101 double-boom launchers, a Yatagan control system and a magazine with two rotating drums for 8 B-600 missiles. Two twin 76 mm artillery turrets. AK-726 installations in the bow and stern of the ship. The rate of fire of each gun mount was 90 rounds per minute, the firing range was 13 km, the altitude reach was 9 km, and the ammunition capacity was 2,400 unitary rounds. Each gun mount had its own “Turret” fire control system.

Maximum speed 35 knots.

Maximum cruising range is 3500 miles.

Navigation autonomy 10 days (based on provisions)

The crew consisted of 266 people, including 22 officers.

Deployment of project 61 BOD weapons

On June 5, 1967, an armed conflict arose between Israel on the one hand and Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq and Algeria on the other, the so-called Six-Day War. To carry out its military presence in this region and, if necessary, to intervene in a military conflict on the side of the countries of the Arab world, the USSR government sent an operational squadron of the Navy from the Black Sea Fleet and ships and submarines of the Northern Fleet, based in Port Said, to the conflict area. The squadron included the Brave BOD. Providing assistance to the Egyptian armed forces, he visits Port Said.

In 1968-69 undergoing ongoing repairs in the city of Nikolaev. During the repair, the missile armament was modernized.

Vladimir Skosyrsky. In the photo on the left

On March 16, 1969, the ship's crew suffered their first losses. In Nikolaev, in inclement weather, while placing an additional mooring end on a barrel, sailor Sait Shaipov fell into the water and began to drown. Seeing that his subordinate was in mortal danger, senior lieutenant Vladimir Ivanovich Skosyrsky jumped overboard and swam to help the drowning man. Broken ice floes floated in the cold water. With difficulty, the officer reached the drowning sailor, gathering his last strength, he pushed him onto the ice floe, but he did not have enough strength to save himself. An ice floe floating past covered him. For courage and bravery, Senior Lieutenant V.I. Skosyrsky was posthumously awarded the Order of the Red Star.

In 1969, Brave was declared an excellent ship of the Black Sea Fleet.

In September 1969, captain of the third rank Ivan Petrovich Vinnik was appointed to the position of commander of the ship.

From April 14 to May 5, 1970, large-scale “Ocean” maneuvers were carried out in the USSR, covering the waters of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The ship, as part of the ships of the Black Sea Fleet, takes part in exercises and carries out missile firing in the Atlantic Ocean. For excellent performance of tasks, the ship's commander was presented with a memorable gift from the commander of the Northern Fleet, Admiral Lobov, a model of a submarine in the ice.

In November 1970, in the Republic of Guinea, emigrants in opposition to the current President Ahmed Sekou Toure, with the support of Portugal, took part in an armed invasion of the republic with the aim of overthrowing the government and destroying the bases of the partisans fighting for the independence of Portuguese Guinea (now Guinea-Bissau). To maintain stability and order and organize the defense of the capital of Guinea, Conakry, the Brave BOD was sent to this region.

Feat of Sergeant Major 1st Class Yu. S. Chuikin

In March 1973, 4 years after the death of senior lieutenant V.I. Skosyrsky, on vacation, saving people's goods from a fire, sergeant major Yu.S. Chuikin died. For the courage and bravery shown in the fight against the fire, Sergeant Major 1st Article Chuikin was posthumously awarded the Order of the Red Star.

On October 6, 1973, another military conflict arose between Israel and a coalition of Arab countries due to the desire of Egypt and Syria to return lost territories. Already on October 7, the USSR began supplying weapons and equipment to Syria and Egypt by sea. To ensure the safety of Soviet ships, a detachment of Soviet warships and submarines was formed, which included the Brave BOD. In addition to escort, the ships were engaged in electronic reconnaissance.

From 1970 to 1974 The ship's crew performs course tasks and combat firing only with good and excellent marks. For excellent missile firing in 1970, the crew was awarded the challenge prize of the Navy Civil Code, and in 1971 they retained this prize.

During its short life, the ship also visited Cuba, Alexandria (Egypt), Split (Yugoslavia), Taranto and Messina (Italy), and participated in the Yug-71 exercises.

THE LAST CAMPAIGN

On August 29, 1974, the large anti-submarine ship Brave went to sea for the last time. The commander of the ship, Ivan Petrovich Vinnik, wrote about that tragic event twenty years later in his essay “Notes of the Commander.” The essay is written in the second person.

Ship commander I. P. Vinnik

Notes from the commander

“...On August 28, by order of the NSh Black Sea Fleet, Rear Admiral V. A. Sahakyan, Captain 2nd Rank I. P. Vinnik was called from Donuzlav to Sevastopol to go to sea on the BOD “Votazhny” in order to support missile firing of the MRK 1 of the 41st brigade . The commander of the 70th brigade, Captain 1st Rank L.A. Makarov, apparently reported to the Black Sea Fleet NSh that they had previously worked out the organization of missile firing with Commander Vinnik, and he was assigned from an artillery cruiser, so he did not go out.

Before going to sea, 5 tons of fuel for helicopters were taken to maintain full combat readiness. The cellar contained aerial bombs for helicopters.

On August 29 at 13.00 the ship went to sea according to plan BP 2. We carried out torpedo firing at a surface target, at night participated in the training of the “PLZ-4” mission 3, and at 07.30 we approached boom 4, where we received Rear Admiral Sahakyan, Chief of Navy Air Defense Rear Admiral Putintsev, and Deputy. the head of the 4th department of the 5th captain 1st rank Shibkov and the commander of the 41st brigade captain 1st rank Komar with their headquarters and as a control ship began moving to the BP area to participate in a special exercise to carry out missile firing by ships of the 41st OBRK.

Due to the fact that the sea state was 3 points, it was difficult for missile ships (MRKs) to carry out missile firing. Having discussed the situation and weather conditions and forecasts, the Black Sea Fleet NSh decided to carry out firing.

At 09.25 the BOD entered the combat training ground.

The missile boats entered combat positions and began preparations for missile firing. Firing radars 6 and observation stations were turned on, and the missile systems began preliminary preparations for the RS. 10 minutes before the aircraft took off from the Belbek airfield at 09.55, a combat drill was played on the ship to prepare for the RTU 7 materiel against air targets.

At 9.59, the commander received a report from SPK 8 about the ship’s readiness to conduct the exercise. The ship's missile systems were not prepared for firing, and the supply of missiles to the launchers was not even thought of, but upon alarm, power was supplied to the distribution boards of the missile systems and to the cellars (as it should be during a combat or training alarm).

At 10.02, the commander rose from GKP 9 to the navigation bridge and saw white smoke and a surge of fire in the area of ​​the stern pipes, and suddenly there was an explosion. The commander announced a combat alert and broadcast about a fire in the area of ​​the stern engine, and gave the command: “Bow and stern emergency parties to extinguish the fire.”

After 15 - 20 seconds, a second explosion occurred. With the permission of the NSH Black Sea Fleet, the commander went down to the command post to clarify the situation and manage the fight for the survivability of the ship. On the navigation bridge he left the officer of the watch - the commander of the BC-3 10, senior lieutenant S. A. Kachinsky, to monitor the external situation. After 20 - 30 seconds. the third and fourth explosions occurred.

There was an assumption: either the launch cylinders in the aft engine room were exploding, or the missiles were in the cellar.

Senior assistant captain-lieutenant V.V. Balashov played the emergency alarm. The commander ordered: “To the commanders of the BP (combat posts) and CP (command post) report the presence of smoke, fire and water in their premises.” I received a report that there is no connection with the stern machine, the stern missile magazine, the emergency party and the stern tower.

The commander sent the SPK to personally check the condition of the ship in the stern by walking along the upper deck. After inspection, the SPK reported that the aft missile magazine had been torn apart, and the launcher had been thrown into the area of ​​the aft pipes. A strong fire in the cellar is moving into the stern machine and into the stern - into the area of ​​the gun mount.

The commander made a report to the Black Sea Fleet NSh on the navigation bridge and, in the established form, to the command post of the fleet, division and through the air defense network, personally transmitted to the airfield about explosions and a large fire and asked to deliver foam concentrate or carbon dioxide in cylinders by helicopter to pour (dump) into the aft magazine .

The commander asked the RTO commanders to approach the stern of the ship to remove personnel on the quarterdeck and assist in extinguishing the fire spreading to the stern. One MRK approached from the stern of the BOD, took several people off board and picked up the personnel, who were thrown overboard by the shock wave, but no one dared to put out the fire and be at the side of the BOD, since the MRK contained ammunition, missiles, and fuel, and the likelihood of further explosions was high.

The crew is fighting for the survivability of the ship

With the approach of the rescue vessel PZhK-123, on which Captain 2nd Rank A.V. Zhbanov was located, to the port side, the personnel of the BOD, together with the PZhK, energetically launched an attack on the fire thanks to the foam supplied through fire hoses into the interior of the premises and on the upper deck. The fire began to recede and was clearly decreasing. Water was supplied by fire nozzles with PZhK and ship fire fighting equipment. The BOD was supplied with power until the last minutes, and drainage systems and fire pumps were operating, which contributed to the successful struggle of the personnel for the survivability of the ship. However, the PZhK and the ship had very small reserves of foaming agent, and everything was used up very quickly. The fire began to intensify again, and besides water, nothing else came out of the fire system.

The commander of the BOD asked Captain 2nd Rank Zhbanov at the PZhK to give more foam, but received the answer: “There is nothing more.” The commander asked that water not be poured into the interior without any calculation, so that free surfaces would not form and water would not accumulate in the rooms above the waterline , because the ship may capsize. More than three compartments of the ship were flooded.

Calculations showed that the ship was in critical condition.

EM 11 “Conscious” came on board, onto which secret documents, equipment and documents of SPS 12 and the combat unit were loaded, and some of the personnel and staff officers were transferred. On board the EM was the brigade commander, Captain 1st Rank L.A. Makarov.

Analyzing the activities of the officers and midshipmen according to the reports of members of the state commission and the Ministry of Defense commission, we can say that the crew in this difficult and critical situation showed high moral, political and psychological qualities, high skills in the fight for the survivability of the ship, which actually allowed within 5 hours 40 minutes to fight fires and water and when more than three compartments are flooded, and in the presence of severe fires, when the metal melted and flowed like wax from a candle!

The actions of the command and personnel under BZZh 13 are most clearly characterized by the fact that the standard options from the documentation on the unsinkability of a ship clearly interpret that the ship sinks when three compartments are flooded. In fact, “Brave” remained afloat - there was good sealing of the premises and reliable lines of defense against water.

During the growing fire and its constant advance towards the bow from the stern tubes to the torpedo platform, when the fire threatened live torpedoes and an explosion could occur at any moment, Lieutenant Commander Kamalov, Midshipman Medvedev, Petty Officer 2nd Article Selimsultanov, Slivkin, sailor Kabanov cooled the torpedoes water and, on the orders of the commander (after a report from the Black Sea Fleet National Guard about the threat of an explosion), we manually dropped two torpedoes lying on the platform overboard (to free up space for practical torpedo 14 for firing at an underwater target), and three by shots from a torpedo tube (after a personal check situation by the ship's commander).

When the bulkhead in the personnel mess on the side of the stern vehicle began to heat up and there was a threat of explosion of the 6th and 7th cellars with depth charges, on the orders of the commander (after the report of the Black Sea Fleet NSh and a personal check of the situation), midshipman Medvedev and petty officer 2nd article Kozleneev and others with the help of fire hoses, they flooded the cellars in the smoke-filled personnel canteen, thereby preventing the explosion of about 5 tons of explosives and improving the stability of the ship, preventing the flooding of the huge personnel canteen.

Petty Officer 2nd Article Garibyan and sailor Nikitenko, in the area of ​​a strong fire near the stern pipe, threw overboard cylinders with acetylene and oxygen, on which the paint was already beginning to burn.

Finding himself in the galley and unable to leave the room due to the jammed doors and hatch, sailor Prochakovsky shouted through the porthole: “Comrades, everything is clear to me! Save the ship! Trying to get out of the emergency room, sailor Petrukhin got stuck in the porthole. The commander ordered the porthole to be cut out, but neither gas welding nor electric welding could do this. The injured sailor with large burns was given painkilling injections, but the advancing fire did not allow him and the other sailors trapped in the galley to be saved...» . (To be continued)

1 RTO- small rocket ship.

2 BP- combat training.

3 PLZ- anti-submarine mission

4 Bon- a barrier protecting the entrance to a harbor or fairway from enemy ships.

5 4th department– Navy counterintelligence

6 Radar– radar station

7 RTU– radio engineering exercises

8 SPK- senior assistant commander.

9 GKP- main command post.

10 BC-3- The ship has a mine and torpedo unit.

11 EM- destroyer.

12 THX– special communications

13 BZZH- struggle for survivability

14 Practical torpedo - a training torpedo, differing from a full-fledged one in the absence of a warhead.

Large anti-submarine ships (BOD listen)) is a class that entered service with the Soviet Navy in 1966. Based on the name, their main function was to fight a potential enemy in the ocean zone. In the Navy of foreign powers type large anti-submarine ships corresponds to the designations "DDG". In the Soviet Union to BOD included projects 61, 1134, 1134A, 1134B, 1135, 1155. Today, only nine continue to serve in the naval fleet of the Russian Federation anti-submarine ships projects 1134B and 1155.

Anti-submarine ships project 1155 type " Daring"along with Project 956 type " Modern"were and remain the leaders of the Russian Navy. Despite the rapidly deteriorating conditions of supply and acquisition of materiel, it was they who made the majority of visits to the ports of various countries in the last decade, from Cuba and North Korea, to the USA, India and China. In addition, one of the combat missions they perform is duty at the site of the sinking of the submarine "".

anti-submarine ships of Project 1155 series “Udaloy”

Udaloy class BOD

BOD "Marshal Shaposhnikov" with a destroyer of project 956

anti-submarine ships in the base

quad torpedo tubes BOD

TO anti-submarine ships project 1155 series " Daring" relate: " Vice Admiral Kulakov", "Marshal Vasilevsky", "Admiral Zakharov", "Admiral Spiridonov", "Admiral Tributs", "Marshal Shaposhnikov". Their characteristic feature is the presence of the Fregat MA radar station on the main mast, the installation of only the aft fire control station of the Kinzhal anti-aircraft missile system and the installation of 45 mm salute guns 21-KM in front of the wheelhouse. During the service these anti-submarine ships gradually equipped with a second complex " Dagger».

anti-submarine ships of Project 1155 series "Udaloy" subgroup "Severomorsk"

BOD "Admiral Vinogradov"

BOD "Admiral Panteleev"

BOD "Admiral Chabanenko"

U anti-submarine ships There was also a second subgroup called “ Severomorsk" (former " Simferopol"). This includes BOD: “ Admiral Levchenko" (former " Khabarovsk»), « Admiral Vinogradov", "Admiral Kharlamov" And "Admiral Panteleev" The main external differences of these warships are the Podkat radar antennas installed on the foremast, complete sets of complexes " Dagger"and the additional antennas of the MP-401 electronic warfare stations available on the second platform of the main mast. On BOD « Severomorsk“After repairs in 2000, four sets of MP-401 systems were installed. On BOD « Admiral Vinogradov» there are additional small-caliber anti-aircraft installations of 12.7 mm machine guns on the navigation bridge and on the sides of the helicopter hangar. The last ship of the series " Admiral Chabanenko" - received project 1155.1 and a modified composition of weapons: a 130 mm twin AK-130 installation and two quad launchers with anti-ship missiles " Mosquito", as well as two anti-aircraft missile and artillery systems " Dirk».

anti-submarine ship "Admiral Zakharov"

One of anti-submarine ships project 1155 was BOD « Admiral Zakharov”, which belonged to the “Udaloy” type. It was built at the Kaliningrad Yantar plant under serial number 112. The ship was laid down in 1981, launched a year later and delivered to the Soviet fleet at the very end of 1983 on the eve of the New Year holidays. January 18, 1984 BOD « Admiral Zakharov"was included in the Pacific Fleet. The warship became the first in the Pacific Fleet to be equipped with two air defense systems control stations. Dagger", which significantly increased its combat capabilities. Newest anti-submarine ship was actively involved in solving combat training tasks, for which he deservedly received the unspoken title of the best ship in the squadron. During service BOD « Admiral Zakharov"(tail number 541) paid an official visit to the Indian port of Bombay in 1987 and the North Korean port of Wonsan in 1988.

February 17, 1991 anti-submarine ship « Admiral Zakharov"was making the transition from its home base in the village of Pacific Ocean to Vladivostok, to undergo a long-required repair of a power plant at Dalzavod. During this seemingly very typical passage, in the Askold Strait in the aft engine room anti-submarine ship An emergency occurred at 11:45 which led to a turbine explosion. One sailor was killed at the time of the explosion; parts of the destroyed turbine pierced the outer casing below the waterline. As a result, an underwater hole measuring 40 by 60 cm was formed. In addition, oil and fuel caught fire. Soon the flames engulfed a significant part of the interior anti-submarine ship, which, moreover, was left without power and electricity. The crew's own efforts anti-submarine ship « Admiral Zakharov“I could no longer cope with the massive fire. For this purpose, those nearby were brought in to fight the fire. Emergency parties that were in the city were involved, as well as those that were under repair in Dalzavod, and more specifically the same type anti-submarine ships « Marshal Shaposhnikov" And " Admiral Tributs».

Extinguishing the fire was complicated by the presence on board anti-submarine ship ammunition and features of the BOD, from which the internal structures of the hull and superstructures were made. In order to avoid an explosion of the cellar where the ammunition of the AK-630M installations was located, it was decided to constantly cool it with sea water. The struggle for the survivability of the ship continued for one and a half days. It was only by the evening of February 18 that the fire was completely extinguished. Victim anti-submarine ship was delivered to one of the bays of Vladivostok.

Repair and commissioning plans anti-submarine ship remained unimplemented due to insufficient funding. In the fall of 1994, work began to prepare for its disassembly into metal, which was carried out at the ship repair plant in Chazhma Bay. Well, we carry out such activities quickly and accurately.

BOD "Marshal Shaposhnikov"

Technical characteristics of the large anti-submarine ship Project 1155:
Displacement - 7480 tons;
Length - 163 m;
Width - 19 m;
Draft - 7.8 m;
The power plant is four gas turbine units with a capacity of 20,000 hp each. With.;
Speed ​​- 29.5 knots;
Cruising range - 6900 miles;
Crew - 293 people;
Armament:
Launcher PLRK "Rastrub" - 2X4 (8 missile torpedoes);
Launcher of the Kinzhal air defense missile system - 8X1 (64 missiles);
AK-100 100 mm - 2;
AK-630M 30 mm - 4X6;
RBU-6000 - 2Х12;
Torpedo tubes 533 mm - 2 (quad);
Ka-27 helicopters - 2;

Project 61 large anti-submarine ship "Smyshlyny"

1965 - 1993

On August 15, 1965, it was laid down at the plant named after 61 communards in Nikolaev (serial number 1708)
Launched on October 22, 1966 and on July 1, 1967 included in the list of Navy ships
It entered service on September 27, 1968 and was included in the KSF on October 21, 1968.
From October 31 to November 9, 1971, he paid a visit to Havana (Cuba),
May 10 to 14, 1978 - in Bordeaux (France) and
May 25 to 30, 1987 - in Sao Tome (Sao Tome and Principe).
In 1975 - 1977, modernized in Leningrad at the Zhdanov plant according to the 61-MP project

On February 22, 1993, disarmed and expelled from the Navy due to transfer to OFI for dismantling and sale

Displacement: full 4390, standard 3400 tons; length 144 m, beam 15.8 m, draft 4.6 m.
GTU power 4x 18,000 hp; travel speed: maximum 34, economic 18 knots; economical cruising range is 3500 miles.
Armament: 2x2 Volna air defense missile launchers, 2x2 76.2 mm AK-726 guns, 1x5 533rd TA, 2x12 RBU-6000 (90 RGB-60), 2 RBU-1000 (24 RGB-10), 1 helicopter Ka-25.

Crew 266 people, including 22 officers.

Project 61-MP:
Displacement: full 4974, standard 4010 tons; length 146.2 m, beam 15.8 m, draft 4.84 m.
Gas turbine power 4x18,000 hp; travel speed: maximum 32, economic 18 knots; economical cruising range is 4000 miles.
Armament: 4x1 PKRK P-15M launchers (4 missiles), 2x2 Volna air defense missile launchers (16 missiles), 2x2 76.2 mm AK-726 and 4x6 30 mm AK-630M guns,
1x5 533-mm TA, 2x12 RBU-6000 (96 RGB-60), 1 Ka-25 helicopter,

Crew 320 people, including 29 officers.

In the mid-80s, the Soviet Navy had a powerful group of middle-class warships capable of performing various combat missions anywhere in the world's oceans. Large anti-submarine ships and patrol ships, coming off the stocks of Soviet shipyards, had a fairly large displacement, powerful and well-developed weapons. Despite the fact that in the classification of the USSR Navy such ships were classified as BODs and SKRs, in the West they were immediately classified as frigates, universal combat ships. A special place in this list is occupied by the Project 1155 Udaloy type BOD, which was part of the USSR Navy and continues to remain part of the domestic fleet today.

Launched in the late 80s, the Udaloy-class ship Admiral Vinogradov and the frigate Marshal Shaposhnikov are part of the TOV warship detachment. Today, almost 30 years later, ships of this type have not lost their combat significance.

Reclassified as frigates, eight Udaloy-class ships remain in the Northern and Pacific fleets. The Project 1155 type ship “Admiral Panteleev” is the last 12 ship in the series. The upcoming modernization of the ships will significantly extend their service life, turning them into full-fledged combat units of the modern Russian Navy. The development of the first Soviet frigate was the Project 1155.1 ship “Admiral Chabanenko”, which was launched after the collapse of the Union and entered service with the Russian Navy in 1992.

After the launch of the first ship, the subsequent construction of the remaining 3 ships in the series was stopped. The Admiral Chabanenko BPC has already been classified as a destroyer in the NATO classification.

The history of the birth of the BOD project 1155

The Soviet Union, starting from the mid-60s, actively began to commission two classes of combat vessels at once, Large Anti-Submarine Ships and Patrol Ships. The ships built at Soviet shipyards were universal vessels and, in terms of their tactical and technical characteristics, had no analogues in foreign fleets. However, time does not stand still and the operational and tactical situation at sea required the creation of a new, more advanced ship. The subsequent development of the BOD and SKR class in the navy was Project 1155.

Having received the technical assignment from the Supreme Naval Leadership of the country, the designers of the Northern Design Bureau did not reinvent the wheel when developing design documentation. A “Solomon decision” was made to use all the best from previous projects, the Burevestnik-type patrol boats and the Project 1134A Berkut-type BOD. Both types of ships have proven their effectiveness in practice, possessing good seaworthiness and broad combat capabilities.

The impetus for the creation of the new project was the commissioning of the American fleet of new submarines capable of secretly operating on sea lanes and near the bases and locations of the USSR Navy. The new ship was supposed to have better vision and increased navigation autonomy. In addition, the question of equipping a warship with effective protection against anti-ship missiles has become acute. The fighting near the Falkland Islands in the summer of 1982 between Great Britain and Argentina clearly showed the inadequacy of the defense of warship formations from air strikes.

Note: An excellent example of the weakness of warships in the face of the threat of a missile strike was the sinking of the British destroyer Sheffield during hostilities near the Falkland Islands (Malvinas). A completely modern ship of Her Majesty's Navy, the guided missile destroyer Sheffield, was burned by an Exoset missile fired from an Argentine bomber.

In addition to new electronic equipment and an air defense system, the new ship was supposed to have a longer cruising range. The operational tasks facing the Soviet fleet required fighting the submarines and ships of a potential enemy at a considerable distance from the fleet bases.

The result of the long and fruitful work of Leningrad designers was the appearance of the Project 1155 BOD with the code “Udaloy”. In the NATO classification, the new Soviet ship, even at the development stage, received the index “Udaloy” and was classified as a frigate. The ships of the improved project 1155.1 "Admiral Chabanenko" received the index "Udaloy II".

What was the new ship of Project 1155 type "Frigate"

When creating a new ship, the designers were instructed to ensure that the ships went into series at the production facilities of Soviet shipyards without delays or procrastination. In this regard, many components and assemblies of the new BOD were similar in their parameters to the parts and assemblies of the previous project 1134A. The ship's displacement was also within acceptable parameters - 4200 tons.

The only thing that had to be changed was to significantly increase the original dimensions of the ship. To install a new hydroacoustic station, a longer housing was required. In all other respects, the new Project 1155 BOD strongly resembled large anti-submarine ships of the Berkut type. Combat equipment was strengthened by an anti-submarine helicopter and anti-submarine weapon systems. The highlight of the project was the updated radar and sonar system. It was decided to create a vessel of larger displacement, without looking at the production capabilities of the Yantar shipyard.

The air defense system on the ships of the project was significantly strengthened, which, instead of the traditional Osa anti-aircraft missile system, was equipped with advanced Kinzhal air defense systems. The number of 30-mm anti-aircraft guns was increased to four. Starting from the 8th production vessel of the large anti-submarine ship of Project 1155 “Severomorsk”, formerly “Simferopol”, all subsequent production vessels were required to use new materials in the design. This made it possible to significantly extend the life of the vessels.

Note: At the last stage of project development, a number of radical decisions were made. Project 1155 frigates were to be based on two helicopters. The ship was additionally equipped with another radar tracking complex. It was necessary to significantly improve other tactical and technical characteristics of combat ships. The project took its final form in 1976. It was already a ship with a displacement of 7,000 tons. The propulsion system had a power of 62,000 hp, with the possibility of increasing to 80 thousand hp. Accordingly, the ship's maximum speed should have increased to 29 knots. The main difference of the new type of propulsion system is the ability to quickly switch to a defined operating mode.

The result was a combat vessel, similar in basic performance characteristics to the Berkut-type BOD, only at a completely different qualitative level. The appearance of the ship has also changed significantly. The new radar has significantly reduced the area of ​​the superstructures. At the stern of the frigate, a significant space was allocated to the helicopter hangar. The larger displacement made it possible to install two artillery systems, AK-100 and AK-630, on the Udalaya.

The place of laying and construction of the lead vessel of the frigate “Udaloy” project was the Kaliningrad shipyard “Yantar”. The ship took almost three years to build. In 1980, the lead ship was launched and since January 1981 was included in the Northern Fleet. Almost simultaneously with the lead ship at the shipyards of the Shipyard named after. Zhdanov, the first production ship of the Large Anti-Submarine Ship of Project 1155 “Vice Admiral Kulakov” was laid down. Unlike the prototype, the first-born of the series took much longer to build. Already during the operation of the lead ship, the designers made adjustments and changes to the design documentation during the construction of the serial model. Construction was carried out at an intensive pace until the launch of the last production ship of this project, Admiral Panteleev. It was followed by the laying and launching of almost another vessel, the frigate Admiral Chabanenko.

It was decided to use for the construction not only the capacity of the Kaliningrad Shipyard "Yantar", but also to connect the shipyards of the shipyard named after. Zhdanov in Leningrad. Four units of this project were built at the Leningrad shipyard. After the launch of the 12th serial ship of Project 1155, Admiral Panteleev, the final point in the history of ships of this class was the appearance in the Russian fleet of an improved version of frigates of the Udaloy class, a ship of Project 1155.1. The ship was equipped with a more powerful anti-ship complex “Moskit” and the latest anti-submarine complex “Waterfall” at that time. The Large Anti-Submarine Ship of Project 1155.1 “Admiral Chabanenko” turned out to be the only ship of the improved version launched. The unfinished construction of frigates of the Udaloy II type became the swan song in the epic with the construction of frigate-class ships for the domestic fleet. Already the last production ship of Project 1155, Admiral Panteleev, was practically a ship of a different class, more similar in combat characteristics to destroyers.

Combat service of Project 1155 ships in the Russian Navy

Today, the first Soviet frigates form the basis of the combat formations of the Northern and Pacific fleets. The Northern Fleet also operates the very first production ship of Project 1155, the modernized frigate Vice Admiral Kulakov.

In the modern Russian fleet, ships of this project have taken on the functions of destroyers. Due to the absence of destroyers in the fleet, in the mid-90s it was decided to subject the best-preserved ships to a radical modernization. The result of the improvements made was the appearance of practically new ships, more similar in combat potential to destroyers. The combat missions performed by the updated ships also changed accordingly. Due to the fact that the fleet includes a fairly large number of ships of this type, a decision was made to carry out scheduled repairs and modernization of frigates. So while the frigate “Marshal Shaposhnikov” was under repair, its fellow ship of Project 1155 “Admiral Panteleev” participated in combat exercises in the Pacific Ocean and served for a long time as part of the Russian fleet in the Mediterranean Sea. A distinctive feature of the combat service of ships of this class is their intensive operation. Of the entire fleet of the Northern and Pacific Fleet, it is these combat vessels that carry out the largest amount of work. In the new millennium, ships of the Northern Fleet actively participated in the fight against piracy. The Project 1155 large anti-submarine ship Severomorsk has been patrolling ships off the coast of East Africa for a long time. Its sister frigate Admiral Kharlamov has repeatedly participated in military campaigns, clearly demonstrating the military presence of the Russian Navy in the oceans.

Anti-submarine ship for operations in remote areas of the ocean. Armament: missile torpedoes, anti-submarine homing torpedoes, bomb throwers, artillery pieces, etc. Carried, as a rule, by 1 2 anti-submarine helicopters. EdwART. Explanatory... ...Marine Dictionary

- (foreign analogue - frigate), a warship intended for Ch. arr. to search for and destroy enemy submarines and provide anti-submarine protection for formations of their ships on sea voyages. Warships equipped with the simplest... ... Encyclopedia of technology

Large anti-submarine ship Udaloy type (project 1155)- Large anti-submarine ship Type "Udaloy" (project 1155) 12+1 units New generation of military-industrial complex, in displacement and dimensions similar to destroyers of project 956. Essentially, they are a gas turbine version of destroyers with anti-ship missile systems and air defense systems... ... Military encyclopedia

Large anti-submarine ship Admiral Zozulya type (project 1134)- Large anti-submarine ship Type “Admiral Zozulya” (project 1134) 4 units The ancestors of the largest family of BODs. For the first time in the domestic fleet, a helicopter hangar was used. 3.8.1977 reclassified into missile cruisers.... ... Military encyclopedia

Large anti-submarine ship Kronstadt type (project 1134-A)- Large anti-submarine ship Type "Kronstadt" (project 1134 A) 10 units Development of ships of project 1134, but with anti-submarine missile systems instead of attack missiles and new air defense systems. Kronstadt Factory No. 721. 11/30/1966 laid down at the plant named after A.A. Zhdanov... ... Military encyclopedia

Large anti-submarine ship Type "Nikolaev" (project 1134-B)- Large anti-submarine ship Type "Nikolaev" (project 1134 B) 7 units Gas turbine version of the BOD project 1134 A. "Azov" during modernization in 1984–1985. instead of the aft launcher of the Storm air defense system, it received a new air defense system... ... Military encyclopedia

Large anti-submarine ship Type "Komsomolets of Ukraine" (project 61)- Large anti-submarine ship Type "Komsomolets of Ukraine" (project 61) 20 units The world's first large warships with a gas turbine power plant. Until May 19, 1966 they belonged to the TFR class. 6 ships were re-equipped according to... ... Military encyclopedia

Large anti-submarine ship Type "Reliable" (project 61-ME)- Large anti-submarine ship Type “Reliable” (Project 61 ME) 5 units A modernized version of the BOD of Project 61. Built by order of India, but temporarily included in the USSR Navy. Reliable Serial No. 2201. 14.4.1976 enlisted... Military encyclopedia

- “Admiral Panteleev” Basic information Type Large anti-submarine ship ... Wikipedia

Warship Name = “Admiral Chabanenko” Original title = Illustration: Signature = Vessel type = large anti-submarine ship Flag = Russia Port = Organization = Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy Manufacturer = Launched = December 14, 1992... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Yak-28. The first supersonic bomber, interceptor, reconnaissance aircraft, Nikolai Vasilievich Yakubovich. “Huge Sky” - this famous Soviet song was written about the crew of the Yak-28 P interceptor: the pilots were awarded posthumously for the fact that at the cost of their own lives they took the emergency plane away from...
• Aquasphere, Petr Zaspa. Thus began a new history of the Earth, and thus the time of the Ocean has come... The large anti-submarine ship "Severomorsk" is leaving on a long voyage. Something has hidden a huge section of the Caribbean Sea in fog...