What do you need to open a pharmacy? What you need to open a pharmacy: premises, documents, assortment and SES requirements. What is the difference between a pharmacy and a pharmacy kiosk

In this article we will look in detail at the question of how to organize a pharmacy business. The first step is to register a company. This can be done in two ways:

• as a private entrepreneur;
• become the founder of a Limited Liability Company or, in other words, an OJSC.

If you still choose the first option, then keep in mind that in order to establish a pharmacy business, the director of the establishment must at least have a diploma as a pharmacist, or, in extreme cases, as a pharmacist, as stated in Federal Law No. 61 “On the Circulation of Medicines.”

If you establish a joint stock company, you can do without special education.

Profitable business

If you seriously address all related issues, you can open a pharmacy business in 10 months. In big cities, such networks open very often. Therefore, we can conclude that the profit from the pharmacy exceeds all the expenses that are needed to open it.

This is understandable, if in a large city the population is more than 4,000,000 people, then there is a high probability of epidemics and other diseases, which naturally increase the sales and profits of pharmacies.

We will describe below what exactly is needed to open your own pharmacy.

Types of pharmacies

As for pharmacies, they are divided into several types:

• production, which deals specifically with the preparation of medicines;
• manufacturing, but with permission to manufacture antiseptic drugs;
• a pharmacy that sells prepared medications;
• pharmacy stall or store;
• Pharmacy.

Functions

The industry standard describes the functions provided by each type of pharmacy. It is on the basis of them that distribution is made to the pharmacy point, pharmacy kiosk and pharmacy. The largest list of functions is assigned to the pharmacy.

As for the pharmacy kiosk, its functions are somewhat limited; for example, it does not have the right to sell medicines according to prescribed prescriptions, unlike a pharmacy.

It makes the most sense to start by opening your own pharmacy, and then think about branches (kiosks, points). It is completely irrational to launch small pharmacy stalls just like that.

Standard to help

If we omit all the documentation, then the most important point remains the correct preparation of the premises. To ensure you don’t miss anything and build your pharmacy business well, use the industry standard. It contains a detailed list of everything that should be in the pharmacy premises.

Approach this issue rationally and when choosing, refer to the type of pharmacy you are going to open. If you are going to open a large pharmacy with a wide range of products, this means that regular consultations with experts will be required, because... such a pharmacy must serve customers at the highest level. Therefore, it is better to pay attention to the premises in the city center, in places where a large number of visitors pass.

Pharmacy that has everything

The establishment of such a large-scale pharmacy requires the availability of the most expensive and rare drugs. Any visitor entering this pharmacy should know that all the necessary medications can be purchased here. Therefore, the founder must understand that a pharmacy of such a large scale will require a huge investment of capital. Here is the answer to the question: “How much does it cost to open a pharmacy?” This will directly depend on what type of pharmacy you want to open.

For average income

Another economical option called “discounter” can be seen in such an area as the pharmacy business. Discounters are pleasant only with their pricing policy, but the service and meager selection of medicines upset many. It is better to look for a location for this kind of pharmacy in one of the residential areas or near a metro station. Such pharmacies are often visited by elderly people and other families with an average level of income.

Requirements

A room that is suitable for a pharmacy must have certain parameters. It is advisable that it should not be more than 80 m2. And it must contain the following premises:

• several workrooms for unpacking, storing and delivering drugs;
• an office for the accountant and pharmacy manager so that they can do their work efficiently;
• a rest room for pharmacy employees;
• dressing room with cabinets for personal belongings of staff;
• archive room for storing documentation.

Important!

Do not neglect hygiene and disinfection of the premises. Therefore, to decorate the interior, use only those building materials that can be wiped without problems with a cloth soaked in special disinfectants.

Take care of proper drainage and ventilation. It is important that the pharmacy premises must have electricity, water and heat.

Each room where medications are stored should have devices that record temperature and humidity. This is very important for proper preservation of medicines.

Do not forget about purchasing special shelves, racks and cabinets for storing poisonous or narcotic medications, which are sometimes prescribed by doctors.

Another separate point of waste is the purchase of a large number of refrigerators.

Safety

Now you understand that your pharmacy business is not as easy and simple as it seems at first glance. All you have to do is forget something or get confused, and the work will immediately fail or expensive medications will spoil.

A responsible owner, before opening his own pharmacy, will take care of the presence of fire and security alarms in the premises. To install them, you must allocate a separate room and register the equipment with the Ministry of Health in accordance with all the rules.

Keeping up with progress

Every year progress moves forward, and people can no longer imagine their lives without phones. Therefore, it would be very good to organize such a service as a mobile pharmacy in your pharmacy. Such a service will attract even more customers and, naturally, this will affect profits.

Using this service, clients will be able to order any medications over the phone with home delivery; similar sales can also be carried out over the Internet.

The person taking the order must be a qualified pharmacist to be able to provide assistance through consultation to the customer.

Permits and documents for establishing a pharmacy

After the repair and installation of the necessary equipment is completed, the documents for obtaining a license to operate a pharmacy are submitted to the appropriate authorities.

After receiving the documents, the commission must personally come to the pharmacy for an inspection before issuing a license. They must check both the premises and the equipment. Sometimes such checks can take several months. After receiving a positive review, the pharmacy owner can expect to receive a license for five years.

Before a license is obtained, the purchase of goods cannot be carried out. By starting the wholesale purchase of medical drugs, you officially begin your pharmaceutical activity.

How much does it cost to open a pharmacy?

You will get the answer when you count the money spent on repairs, purchase or rental of premises and investments in the purchase of necessary medications and related hygiene products.

For the initial stage, before opening a pharmacy, you will have to pay at least 100,000 conventional units. The assortment must necessarily consist of at least 4,000 types of different products. The amount spent on the purchase of pharmaceuticals must be at least 40 thousand conventional units.

Range

If the pharmacy will be located in a new area, then make sure that the range of drugs is the same as in the nearest pharmacy, or maybe better. Naturally, the basis of sales (the third part) is a list of the most common medications for colds, heart pain, sedatives and hygiene products. If all these items are present in the assortment of your pharmacy, then almost every visitor will be satisfied.

Try not to overdo it with the markup; it should be no more than 20% of the purchase price. If prices are too high, customers will gradually turn away from your establishment and go to competitors who are not so greedy.

When forming a product range, use various types of information systems. They will greatly simplify ordering any drugs, taking into account wholesale prices and suitable delivery methods.

Large pharmacies use their own systems; they also have personal vehicles in their arsenal, which they use to transport medications, reducing their price. As for small pharmacies, they use a method called a “price list”.

Package of documents and operating mode

According to the regulations on licensing pharmaceutical activities and establishing a pharmacy, you need to collect a lot of permits and documents.

The pharmacy can operate in two modes at the owner’s choice:

• in a closed form, when the medicines are located behind the counter at the pharmacist and are issued personally by the seller;
• in open form, when all the pharmacy’s products are laid out in the sales area and on additional shelves, from which the buyer can take everything he needs.

It is feasible to open a second-regime pharmacy only if it is a large city and it can receive more than 10,000 visitors. Sales of goods in such a pharmacy are usually higher than in other pharmacy outlets by at least 25%.

Penalties against the staff of the institution

At a time when the development of the pharmacy chain has taken off, it is imperative to think about penalties against employees. Such penalties should be reflected in an industry standard.

Requirements for the pharmacy owner and staff

A pharmacy manager must have:

• a diploma indicating higher medical education in the specialty of a pharmacist or pharmacist;
• Work experience specifically in the medical field must be at least three years, it is advisable to have a professional certificate.

If the pharmacy manager is a private entrepreneur, he must also have a diploma of higher medical education and work experience in his specialty for more than three years, or if the entrepreneur is a pharmacist, then the experience must be at least five years.

All pharmacy personnel must meet the requirements of the manager, comply with all rules when working with medications, and undergo retraining every five years.

Related products

Nowadays, the range of products sold in pharmacies has become more diverse. Nowadays, pharmacy shelves contain not only medicines and other medical products. The owner has the right to expand the range by using related products in the pharmacy.

In principle, today every modern pharmacy is expanding its range with not only hygiene and cosmetic products, but also other related products (most often these are products for children).

Previously, in every city there were mother and child pharmacies, where you could buy various products for child care, in addition to regular medicines. This includes special baby food, accessories for newborns, various supplements and herbs. Nowadays, all these products can be bought not only in a children's store, but also in every pharmacy.

Availability of start-up capital, the desire to start your own business and minimal knowledge in the chosen field - that’s probably all you need to start a profitable business in a large metropolis. A budding entrepreneur will face pitfalls associated with the specifics of the work and unpleasant surprises; The main thing is not to get upset and strictly follow the developed plan, gradually increasing your audience coverage and increasing the pace of sales. One of the best options for creating a business from scratch is opening a pharmacy or pharmacy.

To register and conduct business activities related to the sale of medical drugs and devices, permitting documentation and certificates for each type of product are required, which greatly complicates the work process. Below are step-by-step instructions for opening a pharmacy from scratch and the approximate cost of the project. The final section lists the main difficulties that a businessman will have to face and gives advice on how to overcome them.

Is the pharmacy business profitable today?

The short answer to this question is yes.. An entrepreneur who has come up with the idea may go bankrupt due to the low demand for the product; the pharmacy owner certainly does not face such an outcome - at least as long as people are sick and need treatment and prevention. And this is not counting the huge range of cosmetics and dietary supplements sold in most pharmacies, opened from scratch or based on pre-existing ones, the demand for which is only growing over the years.

Important: and yet you should not hope to instantly conquer the target audience. Pharmacies or pharmacy points under a variety of brands are open in all corners of Russia, and therefore the first thing a businessman will face is fierce competition (even to the point of attempts to take him out of the market using near-criminal methods).

That is why it will be easier for an entrepreneur who has no experience in fighting or does not want to waste nerves, effort and a huge amount of time to find another, less “capricious” and dangerous type of business. But if the money has already been prepared, and the trade in medicines still seems tempting, you need to get down to business: following the detailed instructions given below, any owner of a pharmacy will be able to bring the project to its logical conclusion - the development of a stable flow of clients that generate income.

Benefits of owning a pharmacy:

1. Constant guaranteed demand. Its reasons have been described above; There is no need to fear a decrease in the demand for the products offered in the foreseeable future - and even if this happens, the entrepreneur will always be able to switch to selling cosmetics and preventive medications.
2. Legality. Many seem dubious to experienced people who have already had the good fortune to contact supervisory authorities; a pharmacy business, opened from scratch or purchased from the previous owner, upon receipt of all necessary licenses and certificates, is guaranteed to be legal; Another thing is unlawful actions of personnel, methods of combating which will be discussed in the penultimate section of the material.
3. Simplicity. It doesn’t matter what the pharmacy does: exclusively purchasing and resale of drugs or its own production; in both cases, the business owner will not have to rack his brains. All medical drugs sold in the Russian Federation are produced using a strictly defined technology and are required to undergo certification - the entrepreneur can only choose from the list. It is possible to develop your own medicinal substances, but such activity is associated with tedious bureaucratic difficulties and is not recommended for a beginner in the pharmacy business.
4. Opportunity to earn money in an ethically justifiable way. It is unlikely that this factor will be decisive, but a businessman who approaches business responsibly will be pleased to know that his pharmacy brings real benefits - and besides, the more positive the impression of it among potential and current customers, the more profitable the business will be.

Important: The main disadvantages of opening a pharmacy from scratch are bureaucratic delays and the threat from permanently unstable domestic legislation. At any time, an entrepreneur may be faced with the need to pay a fine or answer to court, as well as loss of income due to an unexpected ban on the free sale of medicines.

Still, creating your own pharmacy business with the right approach is a profitable business based on a combination of factors. Where to start as an entrepreneur and how to prevent unexpected collapse is in the next section.

What is needed to open a pharmacy?

The first thing that is recommended for anyone who decides to open their own business is to prepare and. This document, which can be used even after the start of the project, combines tempting offers for potential creditors or investors and an algorithm of actions for the pharmacy owner. A business plan is especially important if not only the pharmaceutical business, but also the career of the entrepreneur himself starts from scratch: without proper commercial experience and the ability to check the intended goals, it will most likely end in failure.

Important: creating a pharmacy or pharmacy chain from scratch is quite an expensive undertaking, therefore, those available in abundance on the Internet will not be suitable. You can focus on ready-made structures, but the plan must be individual, taking into account local characteristics and closest competitors.

If the entrepreneur cannot write it himself, you can involve professionals in the matter; The more competently the business plan is drawn up, the greater the chance of the future pharmacy owner to receive additional financial assistance from investors and creditors.

The next step after creating the document is to search for funding sources. The need for them remains almost always and regardless of the start-up entrepreneur’s own wealth. If, however, there is no need to take it, you can proceed to the next stage of the project - registration with government agencies.

Business registration

First of all, a new entrepreneur needs to contact the Federal Tax Service. This can be done either by visiting “your” Federal Tax Service office in person, or by filling out the unified form P21001 on the official tax portal; in addition, you will need to pay a state fee, amounting to 800 rubles for individual entrepreneurs, and 4 thousand rubles when opening a legal entity. Regardless of the chosen form, you can deposit money using a printed receipt or via the Internet using a convenient payment service.

Important: During the registration process, both individual entrepreneurs and legal entities are transferred to - complex. It is much more logical to choose one of the simplified systems - this can be done by submitting an appropriate application to the Federal Tax Service. As a result, a businessman will be able to pay not several different taxes, but only one, the rate of which depends on the sum of factors: the type of activity, the number of employees hired, gross income for the reporting period and the chosen taxation scheme.

Another issue that should be thought through in advance is the type of pharmacy being created from scratch or newly opened. There are five of them in total:

1. Industrial pharmacy producing medicines of any spectrum of action(up to narcotic and psychotropic drugs, depending on available licenses). This is the most difficult to register, but also the most profitable enterprise, guaranteeing the owner the absence of small competitors and the opportunity to earn income not only from selling products to the public, but also from selling medicines to legal entities. When filling out form P21001 in this case, you must indicate the code according to the All-Russian Classifier of Types of Economic Activities (OKVED 2) 24.42.1 - “Production of Medicines.”
2. Industrial pharmacy focused on the production of antiseptic (disinfecting) drugs. A business that is not as profitable, but also much simpler to set up, the main advantage of which is the ability to concentrate on several of the most popular types of products that are in demand at any time. To attract more customers, the company can produce antiseptic solutions in original packaging and in different forms - up to “travel”; Unlike medicines, here you can take liberties when designing packaging and experiment with forms - of course, strictly ensuring that the drug complies with current standards. The OKVED code for this type of business is the same as in the previous case.
3. “Full-format” pharmacy, which sells finished medications. A much simpler variety, equally suitable for beginners and people who already have experience in the pharmaceutical field. If desired, you can combine the listed options: the same institution can both produce its own products and sell medicines manufactured by third parties. In the latter case, 52.31, 52.32 and 52.33 should be added to the already familiar OKVED code 24.42.1 (trade in pharmaceutical, medical and orthopedic, perfume and cosmetic products, respectively).
4. Pharmacy store or stall. This establishment takes up less space than a free-standing pharmacy, purchased, leased or built from scratch; it will be enough for an entrepreneur to draw up an agreement for the use of space in any shopping or shopping and entertainment center, subsequently not forgetting to regularly pay the rent; No more difficulties are expected with organizing a pharmacy store. Since it will not be possible to engage in the production of medicines in a small area and surrounded by other retail outlets, when submitting an application to the tax office, a novice businessman will only need to indicate the three codes listed above according to OKVED 2 - or only those of them that correspond to the concept of the store.
5. Pharmacy. The most popular and most mobile form of pharmacy in recent times, which can be opened quickly, without attracting extra employees and with minimal use of your own or rented space. A fairly common practice is to open a pharmacy as an “add-on” to an industrial pharmacy - in this case, the entrepreneur will not need to obtain additional permits for a second pharmacy. OKVED 2 codes are the same as listed above; a businessman can indicate all three options or, if he does not plan to sell perfumes and cosmetics, only the first two.

Unlike most cases of starting a business, it is better to register a pharmacy as a legal entity - this will add solidity to the enterprise and will remove a number of issues when obtaining the right to sell psychotropic and narcotic substances. However, an individual entrepreneur can also sell medicines; the advantages of registering an individual entrepreneur to open a pharmacy are a minimum state duty and more flexible taxation schemes.

After submitting an application to the Federal Tax Service and receiving a positive response (and along with it - certificates), the entrepreneur must, in accordance with Russian Government Decree No. 416 “On Medicines” dated July 6, 2006, go through a number of other authorities:

• sanitary and epidemiological service (SES);
• Rospotrebnadzor;
• Roszdravnadzor;
• state fire supervision.

To obtain permission to open a pharmacy in the SES, an entrepreneur or his representative (in this case, it is necessary to issue a power of attorney in advance and have it certified by a notary) must submit the following documents:

• application in the prescribed form - its form and sample can be found on the Global Network or asked directly when visiting the sanitary and epidemiological station;
• passport or other document, in accordance with current legislation, suitable for identifying the applicant;
• if the application is submitted through a representative - the latter’s passport and a notarized power of attorney giving the right to act on behalf of the businessman;
• taxpayer identification number (TIN);
• certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or legal entity;
• an extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate relating to a building purchased or built from scratch;
• if the pharmacy is located on rented space - a corresponding agreement between the entrepreneur (can also be concluded through an intermediary) and the lessor;
• agreements with third parties, companies or individual entrepreneurs on premises maintenance, disinfection, medical examinations of employees, garbage removal, and so on;
• explication and layout from BTI;
• certificate of compliance of production conditions with standards;
• other documents upon request - it is better to clarify the list in advance by calling the SES hotline or using a “local” number.

The next stages are a visit to Rospotrebnadzor, Roszdravnadzor and Gospozhnadzor. Having completed the formalities and received all the required permits and certificates, the owner of a pharmacy, built from scratch or bought from a less fortunate entrepreneur, can begin trading, not forgetting about the deadlines for renewing licenses - working on expired permits risks an administrative fine and sometimes criminal liability.

Advice: To avoid visiting the same authorities several times, a businessman is recommended to make copies of all documents in the required quantity in advance. They are not required to be certified by a notary, unless otherwise provided by law - only their physical presence is sufficient.

Selection of premises

If it is possible to register an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity without having a premises or area for a pharmacy, then in order to take the next steps it will certainly be needed - therefore, before contacting the SES or Gospozhnadzor, the businessman needs to choose the optimal location.

To set up a full-fledged pharmacy, you must have at least 75 square meters at your disposal; they will be equipped with workspaces, a manager’s office, an accounting department, a staff room, utility and utility rooms, a bathroom and an archive.

The minimum area for setting up a pharmacy kiosk or point is 13 square meters; Of course, it will not be possible to place the entire assortment on them, which means that visitors must have access to the full list of products - or the opportunity to get instant help from a specialist. We must not forget: the more comfortable the service and the faster the client can move on after completing business at the pharmacy, the more popular the institution will be and the more income it will bring to the owner.

Equipment purchase

The list of production equipment that should be in any pharmacy includes:

• closed and open shelving;
• cash registers;
• terminals for working with plastic cards;
• counters;
• simple cabinets for storing medicines;
• safes for storing drugs from special groups;
• refrigerators;
• other furniture and office equipment;
• bathroom equipment, etc.

Advice: It also wouldn’t hurt to put a few chairs or benches and tables in the pharmacy hall for visitors. This will not only help them relax, but will also give the entrepreneur the opportunity to familiarize potential clients with the product range in more detail, including new products: booklets and models of medical and orthopedic equipment can be placed on the tables.

Also, to attract customers, it wouldn’t hurt to place electronic automatic blood pressure monitors and scales in the pharmacy building, which everyone can use for free: a person who drops in to check their health is likely to buy something to maintain it - or at least hand cream, shampoo, soap and others goods needed in the household.

Formation of assortment

There are no clear recommendations for creating an assortment for a pharmacy. If the company is engaged not only in sales, but also in production, it is quite logical to present the visitor with the full range of its products; if we are talking only about the sale of finished products, you should, if possible, combine all its types - from psychotropic and narcotic substances, available only by prescription, to cosmetic creams and masks: the opportunity to choose pleases any visitor, stimulating him to continue making purchases in this place.

The most popular medicines include:

• broad-spectrum painkillers - emphasis should be placed on over-the-counter ones that are relatively safe even if the recommended dose is exceeded: few buyers will read the instructions before taking the pill;
• cooling and warming ointments and gels for joints - as a rule, to ensure a decent choice, it is enough to present one or two expensive drugs and several of their cheap analogues in each segment;
• ointments for the skin - the wider their range, the better for both buyers and entrepreneurs;
• medications to normalize the activity of the gastrointestinal tract - as in the first point, more attention should be paid to over-the-counter drugs;
• antibiotics - it’s not worth putting all existing drugs on display, but the pharmacy’s reputation will be most positively impacted by its willingness to bring rare medicines to order.

Advice: It makes sense to place on the windows of a pharmacy, opened from scratch or purchased on a turnkey basis, not only special cosmetics, but also ordinary soaps, creams and shampoos. The client will still need to buy them in the store sooner or later, and it will be much more convenient for him to buy everything at once in one place, even if at first it seems a little unusual.

Search and attraction of personnel

According to current regulations, the head (director) of a pharmacy must have education as a pharmacist or pharmacist and work experience in the specialty for at least five and three years, respectively. Violation of these rules leads to administrative liability and the need to find another, more qualified employee. If the entrepreneur himself meets the specified parameters, he can appoint himself as a manager, thus saving on wages and contributions to state funds.

In addition, the staff of a non-industrial pharmacy must include:

• pharmacist;
• at least two pharmacists;
• Chief Accountant;
• premises cleaner;
• driver;
• security guard.

It goes without saying that to ensure the functioning of production, it is necessary to hire additional personnel: laboratory assistants, workers, and so on. Their number, as well as the required qualifications, depend on the orientation of the enterprise and the plans of the pharmacy owner for further growth of the distribution network.

Conducting an advertising campaign

The future success of the pharmacy largely depends on the quality of the organization of the first advertising campaign. As a rule, any reputational failure or oversight can be resolved with a new promotion - but why spend extra money if you can immediately attract a qualified expert?

It would not hurt to submit advertisements about the opening of a pharmacy in newspapers, radio and television channels, and also post them on the Internet. To complement the positive impression of potential clients, it is also recommended to use handouts (booklets, business cards), billboards and banners.

For certain categories of citizens who have a special love for various promotions, immediately after the opening of a pharmacy, you can arrange several days of discounts (or issue individual discount cards for them with a minimum percentage that does not ruin the businessman). This kind of event should be announced on the Internet, for example, on the pharmacy’s social media pages, or you can launch a separate series of advertisements to complement the main one.

How much does it cost to open a pharmacy from scratch?

It is impossible to name the exact cost of opening a pharmacy from scratch: it depends not only on prices in a particular region, but also on the entrepreneur’s ability to establish relationships with suppliers and basic luck.

In the most general case, to launch a pharmacy with an area of ​​75 square meters you will have to invest:

• rental costs - 300–500 thousand rubles (first installment);
• renovation and decoration of the premises without redevelopment - 1.5–2 million rubles;
• equipment, including safes and refrigerators - 2–4 million rubles;
• office equipment and software, including special ones, - 1–2 million rubles;
• paperwork - about 100 thousand rubles for all possible cases;
• starting advertising campaign - 100–200 thousand rubles;
• other expenses - up to 1 million rubles.

Thus, to open a regular pharmacy, you will need to spend about 6 million rubles; the amount required to launch your own industrial pharmacy, due to the high cost of equipment and difficulties with registering a business, increases by an order of magnitude. However, as already mentioned, the income from such a business will be significantly higher.

Opening a pharmacy from scratch - pitfalls

Two pitfalls when starting a pharmacy from scratch, namely bureaucratic difficulties and high costs, have already been written above. It is impossible to fully combat them: the entrepreneur can only use connections, if any, optimize costs and try not to violate current legislation. Of course, there can be no talk of selling medicines that have not passed certification - this is not only illegal, but also completely unethical.

But it is possible and necessary to deal with another complication (violation of job descriptions by staff). The quality of customer service should be monitored using installed cameras with a listening function, as well as by regularly visiting the hall while employees are working.

The sale of “special” medications without a prescription can be suppressed not only through preventive conversations and observation, but also by hiring uninterested employees - for example, representatives of security agencies. Of course, such a precaution involves additional expenses - but in the long run it is more profitable than losing money or even losing business due to unscrupulous employees.

Let's sum it up

You can open from scratch either a production or a free-standing pharmacy, store or pharmacy. In all cases, it is necessary to start registering a business by going to the tax office and filling out the universal form P21001. In the future, the businessman will need to obtain permits from the SES, Rospotrebnadzor, Roszdravnadzor, Gospozhnadzor and other authorities.

The minimum area of ​​premises for a “full-format” pharmacy is 75 square meters; for a pharmacy - 13 square meters. Among the hired employees there must be two pharmacists and a pharmacist, as well as cleaners, drivers and security guards. The first advertising campaign should begin before the pharmacy opens; During the event, you can announce various discounts and holiday promotions that can attract the maximum number of visitors.

There was a time when pharmacies in Russia were exclusively family businesses. But now, for a number of reasons, it is difficult for one ordinary family to run a pharmacy. Competition in this area is too high, and administrative barriers are difficult to overcome. But for those who have sufficient initial capital, business skills, experience and perseverance, the answer to the question “How to open a pharmacy?” it won't be too difficult. The procedure for opening a pharmacy implies the following approximate plan of your actions.

Have you decided to open a pharmacy? Where to begin?

First of all, let’s decide who needs to be registered as if a pharmacy is being opened from scratch. If you have a diploma as a pharmacist or pharmacist, then you can register as an individual entrepreneur. If it is not there, then you need to register a Limited Liability Company, CJSC or OJSC.

Here is a list of some regulations and laws that regulate this type of activity:

• N 61-FZ “On the circulation of medicines”;
• Regulations on licensing of pharmacological activities;
• Order N 553 “On approval of types of pharmacy organizations.”

According to the last of the listed documents, you can open one of the following types of pharmacy:

• production;
• production, with the right to manufacture aseptic products;
• pharmacy of prepared drugs;
• pharmacy kiosk or store;
• Pharmacy.

The first two types of enterprises must be registered under a code from the “Manufacture of Medicines” group. For the rest, group 52 (52.3, 52.31 – 33) is suitable.

If you are not going to open the production of pharmaceuticals, choose the type of business organization from the last three. Of these, the pharmacy of finished medicines has the widest range of functions that a kiosk and a store do not have. For example, only there you can sell prescription drugs.

Opening a pharmacy is also correct from the point of view of further business expansion: it will also be the central office, on the basis of which you can subsequently open pharmacy points.

Documents required to open a pharmacy

The number of documents that you will need to submit to various authorities to open a pharmacy is amazing. The list of these documents can be found in the “Regulations on licensing of pharmacological activities” dated December 22, 2011. In brief:

• you need to coordinate the opening of the enterprise with the SES and obtain permission to use a specific premises and a sanitary passport for the new pharmacy;
• you must obtain permission from the fire department;
• obtain a license for the retail sale of medications.

To collect this list of documents in order to open a pharmacy, according to the most conservative estimates, and with all the effort and resources, it will take one and a half months.

Form of trade organization

At the planning stage, you need to decide on the form of organization of your pharmacy. Namely, whether the display of goods will be closed (when all the goods are behind the counter) or open (when the goods are available, as in a supermarket).

Open display requires well-organized control, but also increases sales by 20 - 30%. But this only happens if the area where the pharmacy is located is highly trafficked. If traffic is less than 10,000 people per day, then an open display will not lead to a significant increase in sales.

Recruitment

The manager must be a certified pharmacist with at least three years of experience. This specialist is the key figure in your business. He will carry out procurement, which means success depends on the effectiveness of his actions. The selection of a pharmacy manager must be approached with extreme care.

All other employees of your enterprise, with the exception of cleaners (who are registered as nurses), must have a pharmaceutical education. Every five years, all employees must undergo recertification.

Selecting a room

Let's talk about opening an ordinary pharmacy in a residential area of ​​the city, a so-called discounter. So, where and what do you need to open a pharmacy? For such a business you need to rent an area of ​​at least 80 sq. m., which will be distributed approximately as follows:

• sales area – 2/3 of the premises;
• administrative premises – approx. 15 sq. m;
• utility rooms (for receiving, storing, unpacking medications);
• utility block – 2 sq. m.

The premises are subject to strict requirements for opening a pharmacy. Naturally, they must be connected to electricity and water supply, supply and exhaust ventilation, etc. All rooms must form an isolated block. In addition, where pharmaceutical drugs are stored, sensors must be installed to monitor air parameters. And all premises, without exception, must be equipped with an alarm system: both fire and security, and light and sound.

When making repairs, remember that it should involve wet cleaning of the room and the use of disinfection. The floor in the pharmacy should be tiled or covered with linoleum with welded seams.

These are only part of the requirements that are necessary to open a pharmacy. As you can see, just bringing the rented premises into proper shape will require tens of thousands of dollars in investment.

Equipment: what is needed to open a pharmacy?

Equipment also requires shelving, locked cabinets, refrigerators, safes for storing narcotic drugs, not to mention a counter and cash registers. Equipment for a small pharmacy can cost from 5 to 8 thousand dollars.

Product and markups on it

The state regulates the pricing policy of pharmacies, setting fixed trade markups for medications. The markup for different items ranges from 20 to 40%. But this does not apply to related, hygiene and other similar products. Therefore, if you have already decided what you need to open a pharmacy, but the size of the sales area allows it, you should definitely allocate space for shelves with such goods. They can significantly increase the profitability of the entire enterprise.

Place: where and how to open your own pharmacy?

A feature of the pharmacy business in general is that the demand for medicines does not decrease significantly, even when prices increase. But this only works if the pharmacy is located in the right place.

Studies show that people usually buy medicines on the way home, and certainly within walking distance from home. This means: the buyer will not look for a new pharmacy for the opportunity to save a few rubles.

In practice, this means only one thing: a lively, walk-through place is the key to the success of a pharmacy business.

Pharmacy business profitability

Is it profitable to open a pharmacy? This question worries all entrepreneurs who decide to start a pharmacy business.

The profitability of pharmacies in Russia is about 10%. That's not a lot. But for ambitious entrepreneurs this business is still traditionally attractive. What's the secret? It is simple: truly high profitability and high incomes are shown by developed pharmacy chains. The more stores, pharmacies and kiosks a network unites, the higher the profitability of the enterprise. Creating such a structure is a worthwhile goal for an experienced businessman.

How much does it cost to open a pharmacy?

The approximate amount of investment for opening one pharmacy or pharmacy store will be from 1.7 to 2 million rubles. It is difficult to predict the payback time of a pharmacy enterprise without specific data. But the pharmacy business, even if it slowly pays for itself, is still worth the effort spent on it. After all, a constantly high and stable demand for medicines is the main component of your successful business.

Once upon a time, the pharmacy business was a family business, passed down from generation to generation, and becoming a participant in the pharmacy market was quite problematic. Today, this type of income remains one of the most profitable after the sale of alcohol and tobacco products, and starting your own business in the field of selling medicines has become much easier. Having enough funds to start and skills in organizing work processes, you can begin to collect information about what is needed to open a pharmacy from scratch. Like any other type of business, pharmacy requires the development of a certain algorithm of actions, following which will allow rational organization of business processes.

Features of the pharmacy business

From the point of view of versatility and the ability to expand the business in the future, you should open a pharmacy of ready-made drugs. This way you can sell prescription medications, and in the future make the pharmacy the main office of a network of pharmacy points and kiosks. To carry out such activities during registration, you must select OKVED code 52 (52.3, 52.31–33).

Step-by-step instructions on how to open a pharmacy necessarily contain a list of permits, the collection of which may take 1–1.5 months. What documents are needed to open a pharmacy:

• License for retail trade of medical products;
• Permission from the sanitary and epidemiological service to use the selected premises;
• Pharmacy sanitary passport;
• Fire department permit.

Many entrepreneurs are interested in the question: “Is it possible to open a pharmacy without pharmaceutical education?” Answer: “You can,” but in this case it is necessary to create a legal entity. But businessmen who have a license to carry out medical or veterinary practice can conduct business by registering an individual entrepreneurship.

Another feature of the pharmacy business is that prices for goods are regulated by the state, and not by consumer demand, and the trade margin is no more than 30%. In this regard, entering the market as a single player is very difficult; due to high competition, it is necessary to initially target a network business.

Some seasonality of the pharmacy business should also be taken into account. During the warm season, drug sales usually decrease by 20–25%, and from October to April, the demand for medications increases. In this regard, it is better to prepare in the summer and start in September-October.

Experienced pharmacists advise, before opening a pharmacy, to carefully select a product range that should contain parapharmaceutical products along with medications. The latter brings more income, and its markups are not regulated by the state. In addition to medicines and medical devices (thermometers, heating pads and blood pressure monitors), customers should be offered natural cosmetics, hygiene products, nutritional supplements, baby and dietary foods.

The sale of low-quality and expired products in the pharmacy business is strictly prohibited. Therefore, a novice entrepreneur who is considering how to open a pharmacy from scratch must take a responsible approach to building contractual relationships with suppliers. At the initial stage, you can team up with nearby pharmacies to collectively order goods from reliable wholesalers with the possibility of getting good discounts.

Advantages and disadvantages of a business selling medicines

The disadvantages of starting your own business selling medicines include a large number of complex organizational issues. In addition to the bureaucratic obstacles in obtaining permits, difficulties also include choosing a suitable isolated or free-standing premises and bringing it into compliance with the requirements. The area of ​​the premises must be at least 80 sq. m., 2/3 of which will be occupied by the sales area, 12-15 sq. m. – office, the remaining area is divided into utility room and utility block (at least 2 sq. m.). The room must be connected to water supply, flow-exhaust ventilation, equipped with security and fire alarms, and the warehouse for medical supplies must have sensors to monitor air parameters. To meet all the requirements for the premises, you will need to invest a considerable amount of money, and this does not take into account the cost of equipment for the pharmacy. Another disadvantage of the pharmacy business is the rather low profitability rate. However, this disadvantage is leveled out if the network is opened.

The next disadvantage of opening a pharmacy business is the inability to independently set prices for goods, because they are subject to regulation by the state.

Despite such an extensive list of difficulties in organizing a business, it has a significant advantage - stable demand for medical goods and, accordingly, a stable, although not very high, income.

It will not be possible to open a pharmacy as a franchise without investment. To purchase a franchise you need at least 1,200,000 rubles. The advantage of opening a franchise business is that the risks in this case are reduced significantly. The royalty amount varies depending on the prospects of the region and ranges from 3–6%. The payback period for a pharmacy opened under a franchise is 6 months.

Taking into account the fact that online shopping has become an integral part of the life of a modern person, it is worth thinking about how to open an online pharmacy from scratch. An online store can be part of your pharmacy business. If you sell medicines only on the Internet, you will still have to rent a specially equipped warehouse to obtain a license, hire transport to deliver orders, and develop a website convenient for customers. The disadvantage of opening an online pharmacy is that people do not have a very high level of trust in the quality of the medicines sold in this way. In order for the sale of medicines online to be successful, you should offer round-the-clock delivery of goods and affordable, but not low, prices.

Business plan

Having decided to start a pharmacy business, you should first of all start developing a business plan for opening a pharmacy. Items that must be present in it:

1. Analysis of the target audience and competitors;
2. Institution format;
3. Location;
4. Selection and arrangement of premises;
5. Obtaining permits;
6. Selection, motivation, retraining of personnel;
7. Advertising campaign;
8. Financial investments;
9. Risk analysis and projected profit.

A thorough study of the needs and purchasing power of potential customers will allow you to choose the right establishment format and assortment. An analysis of the activities of your closest competitors will tell you which approaches to doing business are successful.

In order to open a pharmacy, you must begin collecting documents long before the expected start date, since the implementation of this activity requires compliance with a number of requirements and standards.

List of documents for obtaining a license:

• Application for opening a pharmacy;
• Certificate of registration of activity;
• A copy of the document confirming the entry of registration of a legal entity into the Unified State Register;
• Original or notarized copy of the document confirming registration with the tax service;
• Confirmation of payment of the license fee;
• Original or notarized copy of the manager's specialist certificate;
• Lease agreement or confirmation of ownership of the premises;
• Originals or notarized copies of educational documents of all pharmacy employees;
• Originals or notarized copies of personnel work records;
• Originals or notarized copies of the conclusions of the State Potrebnadzor and the fire service;
• Layout and characteristics of the licensed object.

Requirements for pharmacy employees: a pharmacist must have at least 3 years of work experience, a pharmacist must have at least 5 years of experience. Each employee is required to have a health certificate. Personnel must be fully aware of and strictly comply with the requirements when working with medicinal products. Every 5 years, employees undergo mandatory retraining. Employees should be motivated in a timely manner to maintain a high level of sales. The clause on retraining and incentives for personnel must be included in the pharmacy business plan in a sample with calculations. Recently, pharmacies where you can get a short consultation and measure your blood pressure are in demand. This “enticement maneuver” should be used to attract customers. High-quality service and competent advice will significantly increase the chances of turning a casual visitor into a regular customer. Another important question: is it possible to open a pharmacy without a medical education? – It is possible, but the head of the pharmacy must be a pharmacist with at least 5 years of experience.

A rather costly item in the example of a pharmacy business plan with calculations for 2019 will be advertising. A well-thought-out name, a prominent sign, banners, leaflets, promotions - this is not a complete list of what needs to be used at the stage of opening a pharmacy. It would be a good idea to launch a cumulative discount system for regular customers. In general, advertising costs will be about 100,000 rubles, which should be indicated in the example of a pharmacy business plan with calculations.

Financial investments will greatly depend on the region in which the project is planned to be launched, since the cost of renting premises can vary greatly. How much does it cost to open a pharmacy in Moscow? - no less than 2,000,000 rubles, and in a small town some distance from the capital you can spend 1,400,000 rubles.

To predict risks, you should analyze how open the niche is and whether the new pharmacy will be able to gain a foothold in it. The estimated profit according to ready-made examples of pharmacy business plans is 100,000-150,000 rubles.

Institution format

Deciding on the format of the establishment is what you need to open a pharmacy. Today, there are two main models in the pharmacy business: discounter and premium pharmacy. The first option is designed for the average buyer in a residential area, the second one sells expensive medications and is located in the city center.

There are also several forms of trade: closed and open. You can combine these forms. For example, place medicines behind the counter, and medical products in the sales area. Experts say that the pharmacy supermarket format increases sales by 20–25%, however, in this case, more funds will need to be allocated to ensure safety.

Pharmacies are of the following types:

• Manufacturing (manufacture of prescription drugs);
• Finished dosage forms (sale of drugs by prescription is permitted);
• Pharmacy kiosk;
• Pharmacy.

The last two types of pharmacies have a limited set of functions. They should be opened as structural divisions of a pharmacy of finished dosage forms.

Selecting a location

If you want to open a pharmacy and are wondering what is needed for this, it is to have a good location. When searching for a suitable premises, you should pay attention to such an indicator as traffic - the number of people passing near the entrance to the pharmacy per unit of time. The more traffic, the better the location. Optimal traffic – 200-300 people per hour – is observed in shopping centers, near intersections, and metro stations.

Is it possible to open a pharmacy in a residential area? For such a location, other methods are used to calculate the feasibility of locating an establishment. The number of people living within a radius of 500 meters is taken into account. The optimal figure is 2000 people.

Today in large cities of Russia, and especially in the capital, competition in the pharmacy market is very tough, so when deciding where to open a pharmacy, you should think about starting a business in remote regions of the country.

Interior

A certain combination of light, color and sound impressions that surround a person and set him in a certain mood is called an interior. This is an important point that you should pay attention to at the stage of repair and arrangement of the premises. Despite the fact that, as a rule, people enter a pharmacy out of necessity to buy medications to eliminate health problems, customers should still feel comfortable. This can make the customer make more purchases. This behavior is facilitated by soft light, pleasant color of walls and furniture, and comfortable room temperature.

In order to use the retail space as efficiently as possible and attract customers with an interesting interior and pleasant atmosphere, you should entrust the interior design to professionals and make the furniture to order.

• Blue and white – coolness and cleanliness;
• Yellow and bluish-green - coolness and peace;
• Green and white – coolness, restraint, purity.

Pharmacy equipment

Purchasing the necessary set of equipment that is needed to open a pharmacy will cost an entrepreneur approximately 300,000 rubles. List of required items:

• Cash machine;
• Showcases;
• Counters;
• Shelving;
• Closed cabinets;
• Safes for storing narcotic drugs;
• Refrigerators;
• Computer and office equipment;
• Furniture for the hall and office.

Financial investments

Already at the stage of drawing up a business plan, you can preliminarily say how much money it costs to open a pharmacy from scratch. The amount of financial investment depends on the region where the business will be opened and on the format of the pharmacy. The amount required to start a business is RUB 1,400,000–2,000,000. includes costs for:

• Rent (from RUB 300,000);
• Equipment (RUB 300,000);
• Purchase of products (RUB 600,000);
• Repair of the premises, installation of security and fire alarms (RUB 120,000);
• Advertising (RUB 80,000-100,000).

Profit

A small pharmacy can generate a profit of 120,000–150,000 rubles. per month, in the autumn-winter period. In summer the figure decreases by 20%. Business payback period is 1–2 years. The stability of income from the sale of medicines makes the pharmacy business quite attractive.

Profitability

Due to a number of features, the pharmacy business has a very low profitability rate compared to other types of activities - only 10%. But experienced entrepreneurs answer the question in the affirmative: “Is it profitable to open a pharmacy?” Implementing advice from those who have been involved in the pharmacy business for a long time in your own business will allow you not only to successfully develop your business, but also to make it a network one.

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Privacy agreement

and processing of personal data

1. General Provisions

1.1. This agreement on confidentiality and processing of personal data (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement) was accepted freely and of its own free will, and applies to all information that Insales Rus LLC and/or its affiliates, including all persons included in the same group with LLC "Insails Rus" (including LLC "EKAM Service") can obtain information about the User while using any of the sites, services, services, computer programs, products or services of LLC "Insails Rus" (hereinafter referred to as the Services) and in during the execution of Insales Rus LLC any agreements and contracts with the User. The User's consent to the Agreement, expressed by him within the framework of relations with one of the listed persons, applies to all other listed persons.

1.2.Use of the Services means the User agrees with this Agreement and the terms and conditions specified therein; in case of disagreement with these terms, the User must refrain from using the Services.

"Insales"- Limited Liability Company "Insails Rus", OGRN 1117746506514, INN 7714843760, KPP 771401001, registered at the address: 125319, Moscow, Akademika Ilyushina St., 4, building 1, office 11 (hereinafter referred to as "Insails" ), on the one hand, and

"User" -

or an individual who has legal capacity and is recognized as a participant in civil legal relations in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation;

or a legal entity registered in accordance with the laws of the state of which such person is a resident;

or an individual entrepreneur registered in accordance with the laws of the state of which such a person is a resident;

which has accepted the terms of this Agreement.

1.4. For the purposes of this Agreement, the Parties have determined that confidential information is information of any nature (production, technical, economic, organizational and others), including the results of intellectual activity, as well as information about the methods of carrying out professional activities (including, but not limited to: information about products, works and services; information about technologies and research activities; data about technical systems and equipment, including software elements; business forecasts and information about proposed purchases; requirements and specifications of specific partners and potential partners; information, related to intellectual property, as well as plans and technologies related to all of the above) communicated by one party to the other in written and/or electronic form, expressly designated by the Party as its confidential information.

1.5. The purpose of this Agreement is to protect confidential information that the Parties will exchange during negotiations, concluding contracts and fulfilling obligations, as well as any other interaction (including, but not limited to, consulting, requesting and providing information, and performing other orders).

2. Responsibilities of the Parties

2.1. The Parties agree to keep secret all confidential information received by one Party from the other Party during the interaction of the Parties, not to disclose, divulge, make public or otherwise provide such information to any third party without the prior written permission of the other Party, with the exception of cases specified in the current legislation, when the provision of such information is the responsibility of the Parties.

2.2.Each Party will take all necessary measures to protect confidential information using at least the same measures that the Party uses to protect its own confidential information. Access to confidential information is provided only to those employees of each Party who reasonably need it to perform their official duties under this Agreement.

2.3. The obligation to keep confidential information secret is valid within the validity period of this Agreement, the license agreement for computer programs dated December 1, 2016, the agreement to join the license agreement for computer programs, agency and other agreements and for five years after termination their actions, unless otherwise separately agreed by the Parties.

(a) if the information provided has become publicly available without a violation of the obligations of one of the Parties;

(b) if the information provided became known to a Party as a result of its own research, systematic observations or other activities carried out without the use of confidential information received from the other Party;

(c) if the information provided is lawfully received from a third party without an obligation to keep it secret until it is provided by one of the Parties;

(d) if the information is provided at the written request of a government agency, other government agency, or local government body in order to perform their functions and its disclosure to these bodies is mandatory for the Party. In this case, the Party must immediately notify the other Party of the received request;

(e) if the information is provided to a third party with the consent of the Party about which the information is transferred.

2.5.Insales does not verify the accuracy of the information provided by the User and does not have the ability to assess his legal capacity.

2.6. The information that the User provides to Insales when registering in the Services is not personal data, as defined in Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 152-FZ of July 27, 2006. “About personal data.”

2.7.Insales has the right to make changes to this Agreement. When changes are made to the current edition, the date of the last update is indicated. The new version of the Agreement comes into force from the moment it is posted, unless otherwise provided by the new version of the Agreement.

2.8. By accepting this Agreement, the User understands and agrees that Insales may send the User personalized messages and information (including, but not limited to) to improve the quality of the Services, to develop new products, to create and send personal offers to the User, to inform the User about changes in Tariff plans and updates, to send the User marketing materials on the subject of the Services, to protect the Services and Users and for other purposes.

The user has the right to refuse to receive the above information by notifying in writing to the email address Insales -.

2.9. By accepting this Agreement, the User understands and agrees that Insales Services may use cookies, counters, and other technologies to ensure the functionality of the Services in general or their individual functions in particular, and the User has no claims against Insales in connection with this.

2.10. The user understands that the equipment and software used by him to visit sites on the Internet may have the function of prohibiting operations with cookies (for any sites or for certain sites), as well as deleting previously received cookies.

Insales has the right to establish that the provision of a certain Service is possible only on the condition that the acceptance and receipt of cookies is permitted by the User.

2.11. The user is independently responsible for the security of the means he has chosen to access his account, and also independently ensures their confidentiality. The User is solely responsible for all actions (as well as their consequences) within or using the Services under the User’s account, including cases of voluntary transfer by the User of data to access the User’s account to third parties under any conditions (including under contracts or agreements) . In this case, all actions within or using the Services under the User’s account are considered to be carried out by the User himself, except in cases where the User notified Insales of unauthorized access to the Services using the User’s account and/or of any violation (suspicion of violation) of the confidentiality of his means of accessing your account.

2.12. The User is obliged to immediately notify Insales of any case of unauthorized (not authorized by the User) access to the Services using the User’s account and/or of any violation (suspicion of violation) of the confidentiality of their means of access to the account. For security purposes, the User is obliged to independently safely shut down work under his account at the end of each session of working with the Services. Insales is not responsible for possible loss or damage to data, as well as other consequences of any nature that may occur due to the User’s violation of the provisions of this part of the Agreement.

3. Responsibility of the Parties

3.1. The Party that has violated the obligations stipulated by the Agreement regarding the protection of confidential information transferred under the Agreement is obliged, at the request of the injured Party, to compensate for the actual damage caused by such violation of the terms of the Agreement in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

3.2. Compensation for damage does not terminate the obligations of the violating Party to properly fulfill its obligations under the Agreement.

4.Other provisions

4.1. All notices, requests, demands and other correspondence under this Agreement, including those including confidential information, must be in writing and delivered personally or via courier, or sent by email to the addresses specified in the license agreement for computer programs dated 12/01/2016, the agreement of accession to the license agreement for computer programs and in this Agreement or other addresses that may subsequently be specified in writing by the Party.

4.2. If one or more provisions (conditions) of this Agreement are or become invalid, then this cannot serve as a reason for termination of the other provisions (conditions).

4.3. This Agreement and the relationship between the User and Insales arising in connection with the application of the Agreement are subject to the law of the Russian Federation.

4.3. The User has the right to send all suggestions or questions regarding this Agreement to the Insales User Support Service or to the postal address: 107078, Moscow, st. Novoryazanskaya, 18, building 11-12 BC “Stendhal” LLC “Insales Rus”.

Publication date: 12/01/2016

Full name in Russian:

Limited Liability Company "Insales Rus"

Abbreviated name in Russian:

LLC "Insales Rus"

Name in English:

InSales Rus Limited Liability Company (InSales Rus LLC)

Legal address:

125319, Moscow, st. Akademika Ilyushina, 4, building 1, office 11

Mailing address:

107078, Moscow, st. Novoryazanskaya, 18, building 11-12, BC “Stendhal”

INN: 7714843760 Checkpoint: 771401001

Bank details: