Old Russian (Byzantine) system of chronology. Slavic calendar from the creation of the world and its features

What year is it really now? We need to remember our history and go our own way.

Currently, we use the dating of the years from the birth of Christ and the Gregorian calendar. The Julian calendar, the so-called "old style", has not been forgotten either. Every year in January we remember him when we celebrate the "old" New Year. Also, the media carefully reminds of the change of years according to the Chinese, Japanese, Thai and other calendars. It certainly broadens our horizons.

Let's expand our horizons. But, in order to make our horizons even wider, let's touch on the ancient tradition of the chronology of the Slavic peoples - the Daaryan Krugolet of Chislobog, according to which our Ancestors lived not so long ago. Now this calendar is used only by the Old Believers - representatives of the most ancient Slavic-Aryan Faith - Ynglism. The widespread use of our ancient calendar ceased a little over 300 years ago, when Tsar Peter 1, by his Decree, introduced a foreign calendar on the territory of Russia and ordered on the night of January 1 to celebrate the coming of the year 1700 from the birth of Jesus Christ.

The calendar reform has stolen (at least) 5,500 years of our history. And in Russia at that time it was Summer 7208 from the Creation of the World in the Star Temple. It is generally accepted that this innovation of Peter 1 was progress for Russia, introducing it to "European culture". But it does not say at all that the emperor did not just change the calendar, he actually “stole” it, at least (!). five and a half thousand years of our true history. After all, the event from which the years were counted - the Creation of the World in the Star Temple (5508 BC) did not mean the creation of the universe by the biblical god at all, but literally; the signing of a peace treaty in the year of the Star Temple for the Krugolet of Chislobog after the victory of the Power of the Great Race (in the modern sense - Russia) over the empire of the Great Dragon (in the modern - China). By the way, the symbolic image of a rider on a white horse slaying a dragon, known in Christian tradition as George the Victorious, actually symbolizes just this victory. That is why this symbol has long been so widespread and revered in Russia among the Slavic-Aryan peoples.

From what events was the reckoning?
A natural question arises: what event was the reckoning from before the Creation of the World in the Star Temple? The answer is obvious - from an earlier significant event. Moreover, counting of years from different events could be carried out in parallel. That is how, with the mention of several time periods, the ancient chronicles began. For example, let's give several dates of the current year 2004 from RX: - Summer 7512 from the Creation of the World in the Star Temple - Summer 13012 from the Great Cooling - Summer 44548 from the Creation of the Great Kolo Rasseniya - Summer 106782 from the Foundation of Asgard of Iria - Summer 111810 from the Great Migration from Daaria - Summer 142994 from the period of Three Moons - Summer 153370 from Assa Dei - Summer 185770 from the Time of Thule - Summer 604378 from the Time of Three Suns, etc. Obviously, in the context of the modern "official" chronology, these dates look simply fantastic. But for an independently thinking person who is interested in the ancient Cultural heritage of the peoples of the Earth, such "gaps of years" do not look so frightening. Indeed, not only in the Slavic-Aryan Vedas, but also in quite a few written monuments that have come down to us throughout the Earth, even much longer periods of historical time are mentioned. Unbiased archaeological and paleo-astronomical studies also point to these facts. It will also be very interesting to remember that in pre-Petrine times in Russia, not numbers were used to designate numerical values, as is now customary, but titled letters, i.e. Slavic letters with service symbols.

What did Cyril and Methodius “fix”?
And since the calendar is a written tradition (try to orally maintain and pass on such a complex and dynamic array of information from generation to generation), it is obvious that before the time of Peter I, writing in Russia already existed, at least (!) Seven over a thousand years. However, it is believed that writing was “invented” especially for us, "illiterate", two Greek monks Cyril and Methodius, who only added a few Greek letters to our alphabet instead of diphthongs they did not understand. And, modestly speaking, the ever-increasing pomposity during the annual "Cyril and Methodius" and "birthdays" of "Slavic" writing. At the present time, since we use the modern calendar (from AD), it would be more correct to use it only for the events of the last three hundred years. And more ancient events, for a clear understanding of their essence, must be dated in the system of chronology that was used before 1700. Otherwise, a misinterpretation of our history, culture, traditions and customs is possible. The dating of the pre-Peter the Great events in modern textbooks is sincerely regrettable. For example, 1242 is called the year of the Battle on the Ice on Lake Peipsi, and at that time it was 6750 in Russia. Or, for example, the year 988 from the birth of Jesus Christ is considered the year of the baptism of Kiev. But in Kiev then they celebrated Summer 6496 from the Creation of the World in the Star Temple.
Brothers and sisters, let's remember our past, look for it if evil minds hide it from us on purpose.
Slavs are a great race.

We need to remember our history and go our own way.

Currently, we use the dating of the years from the birth of Christ and the Gregorian calendar.

The Julian calendar, the so-called "old style", is not forgotten either. Every year in January we remember him when we celebrate the "old" New Year. Also, the media carefully reminds of the change of years according to the Chinese, Japanese, Thai and other calendars.

Of course, this expands our horizons. Let's expand our horizons.

But, in order to make our horizons even wider, let's touch on the ancient tradition of the chronology of the Slavic peoples - the Daariian Krugolet of Chislobog, according to which our Ancestors lived not so long ago.

Now this calendar is used only by the Old Believers - representatives of the most ancient Slavic-Aryan Faith - Ynglism.

The widespread use of our ancient calendar ceased a little over 300 years ago, when Tsar Peter 1, by his Decree, introduced a foreign calendar on the territory of Russia and ordered on the night of January 1 to celebrate the onset of the year 1700 from the birth of Jesus Christ. The calendar reform stole (at least) 5500 years of our stories.

And in Russia at that time it was Summer 7208 from the Creation of the World in the Star Temple.

But it does not say at all that the emperor did not just change the calendar, he actually “stole”, at least (!). five and a half thousand years of our true history.

After all, the event from which the years were counted - the Creation of the World in the Star Temple (5508 BC) did not mean the creation of the universe by the biblical god at all, but literally; the signing of a peace treaty in the year of the Star Temple for the Krugolet of Chislobog after the victory of the Power of the Great Race (in the modern sense - Russia) over the empire of the Great Dragon (in the modern - China).

By the way, the symbolic image of a rider on a white horse slaying a dragon, known in Christian tradition as George the Victorious, actually symbolizes just this victory.

That is why this symbol has long been so widespread and revered in Russia among the Slavic-Aryan peoples.

From what events was the reckoning?

A natural question arises: what event was the reckoning from before the Creation of the World in the Star Temple?

The answer is obvious - from an earlier significant event.

Moreover, counting of years from different events could be carried out in parallel. That is how, with the mention of several time periods, the ancient chronicles began.

For example, here are a few dates of the current 2016 from RX:

Summer 7524 from the Creation of the World in the Star Temple

Summer 13024 from the Great Cooling

Summer 44560 from the Creation of the Great Kolo Rasseniya

Summer 106794 from the Founding of Asgard of Iria

Summer 111822 from the Great Migration from Daaria

Summer 143006 from the period of the Three Moons

Summer 153382 by Assa Dei

Summer 185782 from Thule Time

Summer 604390 from the Time of Three Suns, etc.

Obviously, in the context of the modern "official" chronology, these dates look simply fantastic,

But for an independently thinking person who is interested in the ancient Cultural heritage of the peoples of the Earth, such “gaps of years” do not look so frightening.

After all, not only in the Slavic-Aryan Vedas, but also in quite a few written monuments that have come down to us throughout the Earth, even much longer periods of historical time are mentioned,

Unbiased archaeological and paleo-astronomical studies point to the same facts.

It will also be very interesting to remember that in pre-Petrine times in Russia, not numbers were used to designate numerical values, as is now customary, but titled letters, i.e. Slavic letters with service symbols.

What did Cyril and Methodius "fix"?

And since the calendar is a written tradition (try to orally maintain and pass on such a complex and dynamic array of information from generation to generation), it is obvious that before the time of Peter I, writing in Russia already existed, at least (!) Seven over a thousand years.

However, it is believed that writing was “invented” especially for us, “illiterates”, by two Greek monks Cyril and Methodius, who only added a few Greek letters to our alphabet instead of diphthongs they did not understand.

And, modestly speaking, the ever-increasing pomposity during the annual “Cyril and Methodius” and “birthdays” of the “Slavic” writing is surprising. At the present time, since we use the modern calendar (from AD), it would be more correct to use it only for the events of the last three hundred years.

And more ancient events, for a clear understanding of their essence, must be dated in the system of chronology that was used before 1700. Otherwise, a misinterpretation of our history, culture, traditions and customs is possible.

It is sincerely regrettable that the dating of pre-Petrine events in modern textbooks,

For example, the year 1242 is called the year of the Battle on the Ice on Lake Peipsi, and at that time it was 6750 in Russia.

Or, for example, the year 988 from the birth of Jesus Christ is considered the year of the baptism of Kiev.

But in Kiev then they celebrated Summer 6496 from the Creation of the World in the Star Temple.

Brothers and sisters, let's remember our past, look for it if evil minds hide it from us on purpose.

Slavs are a great race.

Reckoning: what is it? The chronology is a time reference system (in days, weeks, months, years) that began with a specific event. The chronology could differ among different peoples, confessions. This can be explained by the fact that different events were taken as the starting point. However, today one system of chronology has been officially established all over the world, which is used in all countries and on all continents.

The chronology in Russia

The chronology in Russia was carried out according to the calendar adopted by Byzantium. As you know, after the adoption of Christianity in the tenth century AD, the year of the creation of the world was chosen as a starting point. To be more precise, this day is the day when the first man, Adam, was created. It happened on the first of March 5508 AD. And in Russia for a long time they considered the beginning of spring the beginning of the year.

Reform of Peter the Great

The old chronology "from the creation of the world" was changed by Emperor Peter the Great to the chronology from the Nativity of Christ. this was done from the first of January 1700 (or 7208 "from the foundation of the world"). Why did they change the calendar? It is believed that Peter the Great did this for convenience, to synchronize time with Europe. European countries have long lived according to the system "from the birth of Christ." And since the emperor did a lot of business with the Europeans, this step was quite appropriate. After all, the difference in years in Europe and in the Russian Empire at that time was 5508 years!

The Old Russian chronology, therefore, differed from the modern one in the reference point of time. And the chronology before the Nativity of Christ was called the chronology "from the creation of the world."

How it all began

When did the reckoning begin? There is evidence that in 325 AD the first council of Christian bishops took place. It was they who decided that the reckoning should be conducted from the creation of the world. The reason for this countdown was the need to know when to celebrate Easter. The date of the creation of the world was proposed based on considerations and reasoning about the life of Jesus Christ.

After the council of bishops, the Roman Empire adopted this chronology. And after a couple of hundred years, it was proposed to switch to the reckoning from the Nativity of Christ. This idea was expressed by Dionysius the Lesser, a Roman monk, in 532. When Jesus was born is not exactly known, but it happened around the second or fourth year of our era. It was from this year that the countdown of time, which is now called from the Nativity of Christ, began. This point separates the new era (ours) from the past (respectively, the designations AD and BC).

But the world for a long time switched to a new version of the countdown. This took about half a millennium, and for Russia - more than a thousand years. The transition was gradual, so often the year “from the creation of the world” was also indicated in brackets of the date.

Aryan chronology and Slavic chronology

The chronology of the Aryans was conducted from the creation of the world, that is, it was different from what existed in the world. But the Aryans did not believe that the world was created precisely in 5508 BC. In their opinion, the starting point was the year when peace was concluded between the Slavic-Aryans and the Arims (ancient Chinese tribes). Another name for this reckoning is the Creation of the World in the Star Temple. After the victory over the Chinese, a symbol appeared - a rider on a white horse, killing a dragon. The latter in this case symbolized China, which was defeated.

The Old Slavic chronology was carried out according to the Daariysky Krugolet Chislobog. You can read more about this calendar in the corresponding article. After the reform of Peter the Great, they began to say that "he stole 5508 years from the Slavs." In general, the emperor's innovation did not find positive feedback from the Slavs, they resisted him for a long time. But the chronology of the ancient Slavs and their calendar were banned. To date, they are used only by the Old Believers, Ynglings.

The chronology according to the Slavic calendar had its own interesting features:

• The Slavs had only three seasons: spring, autumn, winter. By the way, the whole year among the ancient Slavs was called "summer".
• There were nine months.
• There were forty or forty-one days in the month.

Thus, the chronology of the ancient Slavs, who were pagans, went against the generally accepted Christian one. Indeed, many Slavs, even having adopted the Christian faith, continued to remain pagans. They were true to their worldviews and did not accept the reckoning "from the Nativity of Christ."

The chronology has become a reflection of religion, which has occupied and continues to occupy a dominant position in the state, in society, in the world. Christianity today is practiced by more than thirty percent of the world's population. It is not surprising that the birth of Christ was chosen as its beginning. It has also become convenient to distinguish between the past era and the new one. Peter, having changed the system of chronology in Russia, made it possible to coordinate all the activities of the country with the rest of the world. It is hard to imagine that today there would be an abyss between countries of more than five and a half thousand years! Also, a positive aspect of the chronology common to all is the convenience in studying history and other sciences.

Calculation errors. History is fake.

There is such a thing in chronology as era. The fact is that whatever the calendar year is, it must have a serial number, that is, it must be counted from some initial date - the basis of chronology.

Actually, the term era itself is believed to be an abbreviation of the following phrase: “ab exordio regni Augusti”, that is, “from the beginning of the reign of Augustus” (aera - era).

In this regard, we note that an era can be real - this is when the count of years comes from some real event, for example, from the beginning of the reign, or fictitious - this is when the count of years comes from some mythical event, for example, from the creation of the world .
As long as the score is consistent, it doesn't matter.

We know one such era - the Christian era, or the system of chronology from Christmas.
It was created by the Roman monk Dionysius the Small in the 6th century. n. e. Then the so-called era of Diocletian was used, i.e., the years were counted from the date of accession to the throne of the Roman emperor Diocletian.
Dionysius somehow calculated that the year of Christ's birth took place 284 years before the beginning of the era of Diocletian, or, in other words, equated the initial year of the reign of Diocletian with the year 284 of the Christian era. The era of Dionysius was adopted throughout Christian Europe.

This was not the case in Russia at all. Since Christianity came to us from Byzantium, the Byzantine system of chronology also came to us from there. from the creation of the world. This system was used in Russia until 1700, until Russia was transferred to the Christian era by decree of Peter I.

According to the Byzantine system of chronology, 5508 years have passed from the creation of the world to the birth of Christ. The year in it, as well as in the Christian system, was built on the basis of the Julian calendar.

It would seem that if the difference is only in the starting point, then the translation between eras is trivial, but in fact, in ancient Russia until the end of the 17th century, the new year began not from January, as in the Christian era, but from March (as in ancient Rome) or from September (as in Byzantium). That is, before the decree of Peter I, there were already two calendar styles in parallel: March, according to which the new year fell on March 1, and September, with the new year coming on September 1.

Different styles slightly change the way of calculating, since in the March style the new year is two months behind the new year of the Christian era, and in the September style, on the contrary, it is ahead of the new year of the Christian era by four months. Let's explain this with an example.

Suppose March 7100 is indicated according to the “March style”. This corresponds to (7100-5508=1592) March 1592 from the Nativity of Christ.
If February 7100 is indicated according to the "March style", that is, almost the end of the year, then it will correspond to February 1593 from the Nativity of Christ.

Now consider September 7100 according to the "September style". This corresponds to September 1591 from the Nativity of Christ, but February 7100 according to the "September style" corresponds to February 1592.

At the same time, when dating events in the annals, of course, it was not indicated which “style” was used. However, there are many logical techniques that help researchers to establish the style used in the annals. It is also known that since the end of the 15th century, the September style has practically replaced the March one (indeed, why be equal to Rome). In addition, the March style had two more modifications - ultra-March and circus-March styles, but we will not climb into such jungle.

Actually, the calculator below converts dates from AD to Old Russian (Byzantine), and is more for entertainment. The task of back-translation required for the correct dating of the annals, as shown above, is more complex and requires context analysis to determine the style used in the annals.

The final word about the months - since the basis was the ancient Roman (Julian) calendar, in the earliest sources the names of the months are found in the form closest to the Latin prototype, which have not yet acquired a Russified form, for example, junius, julius, august and so on.

And later, as Saturday, September 1, 5509 BC. e. Starting from the 7th century, it gradually became the current chronological system in the Byzantine Empire and throughout the Orthodox world, for example, in Serbia and Bulgaria. It was used, in particular, in Russian chronicles (with some errors of 1-2 years associated with the dates of the first day of the new year and other problems), as well as in general in Russia before the calendar reform of Peter I in 1700.

Byzantium

Two dates for the beginning of the year were used, periodically in parallel:

In Byzantium, the era from the "creation of the world" with the beginning of September 1, 5509 BC. was officially approved at the VI Ecumenical Council of 681. This system finally won in Byzantium in the middle of the 9th century, by the time Christianity spread among the Slavs. Ancient Russia adopted the chronology in finished form.

“In order to somehow distinguish these eras from each other, academic historians called the “September” era "Byzantine", and "March" - "Constantinople". After the adoption of Christianity, the “March” era became widespread in Russia, was used on a par with the September one, and already in Soviet literature was called “Old Russian”.

How the date was calculated

“A few years after the death of St. Constantine the Great, the starting point was calculated - the era from which the days, months and years of the Christian calendar were counted. The calculation method was based on the idea that all three cycles - solar (with a period of 28 years), lunar (with a period of 19 years) and indiction (with a period of 15 years) began at the same time. In its final form, the era took shape in 353. True, at that time the chronology system from the Nativity of Christ did not yet exist, it was about the year 1106 from the founding of Rome, which was also the ninth year in the 28-year solar cycle, the ninth year in the lunar 19-year cycle, and, finally, the eleventh year in a 15-year cycle of indictions. The compilers of the new system of chronology were faced with the task of finding in the past centuries that historical moment at which the beginning of all three cycles falls simultaneously. The desired date fell on September 5509 BC. Surprisingly, it almost exactly coincided with the age of the world calculated on the basis of biblical texts, the beginning of which was attributed to approximately 5500 BC. Note that some time later in the Roman Christian ecumene other varieties of the era from the creation of the world appeared, the most famous of which began on March 1, 5508 BC. It was believed that it is better consistent with biblical data, since it began on Friday - the fifth day of the week on which man was created. Meanwhile september era with the epoch of September 1, 5509, beginning on Saturday, also has a theological basis. Recall that Saturday is the day rest, which begins at the moment when creation is completed. In a symbolic sense, it can be interpreted as the beginning of the period (and also as the entire period itself), when the cycle of creation described in the first chapter of the Book of Genesis is completely completed and the descendants of Adam are left to their free will. This is the beginning of an "autonomous" human history, in which even God Himself saves the world by becoming the God-Man.

Vatican opinion

Catholic Rome did not recognize these calculations, using Vatican era(in the Latin translation of the Vulgate, unlike the Septuagint, the life expectancy of the ancient patriarchs, the reigns of kings, etc., are less than in the Greek translation, so the date was different - 4713 or 4000 years, denoting it Anno Mundi- from the creation of the world. And Beda the Venerable published the year 3952, there were other dates.). Western churches switched to the chronology from the Nativity of Christ after it was calculated in the 9th century by the monk Dionysius the Small.

Russia

Errors in chronicles

Researchers note that in many chronicles, in particular in The Tale of Bygone Years, several dating options are used at once, not necessarily the Constantinople era. Also found there:

• Alexandrian - August 29, 5493 BC e.
• Antiochian era - September 1, 5969 BC e. (or 5517, 5507)
• Old Byzantine era - 5504 BC e.
• Bulgarian era - 5511 (or 5504 BC)

Also, dates may slip due to the difference in the beginning of the year - in September or March. Scientists note: “due to the translation of the dates of the Byzantine September family into the Slavic March, errors of one year are possible ( "March" and "ultramart" styles").

Chronological framework

This system is believed to have been used in Russia since the 11th century. The final choice in favor of the "September era" was made in 1492.

The last day in this reckoning was December 31, 7207; by decree of Peter I, the next day was already officially considered according to the new chronology from the "Christmas" - January 1, 1700.

church calendar

The Constantinople era is still accepted in some Orthodox churches, and on September 1 (in churches using the Julian calendar - September 14 N.S.) the church new year is celebrated. “Despite the fact that in 1700 Peter the Great introduced a purely secular calendar, where the new year falls on January 1, the church new year still falls on September 1 (14 according to the new style). At the same time, each church new year is counted according to the era “from the creation of the world”, which began in 5509 BC (contrary to popular belief, this practice is preserved today not only among the Old Believers, but also in the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate).

See also

• Byzantine calendar

Notes

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .