literature lesson in 10th grade

“Bazarov in the face of death...

(based on the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”)”

Lesson objectives:

Educational:

consolidate and systematize the knowledge of students of I.S. Turgenev’s creativity;

reveal the hero’s conflict with the world of people and nature around him.

introduce students to the world of the hero’s spiritual quest and suffering;

show what power theory can have over a person, how responsible a person is for his decisions.

Educational:

• development of analytical thinking;

  developing the ability to analyze and compare the compositional aspects of a work and draw conclusions;

  development of oral coherent speech of students, ability to build logical

story about a hero;

• development of independent thinking and creative skills

work in groups.

Educational:

formation of humanistic character traits;

nurturing interest in literature and the works of I.S. Turgenev;

formation of communication skills.

Equipment:

Music a) Handel G.F. Sarabande; b) Catalani. Diva.

Screen, computer, projector, portrait of a writer.

Multimedia presentation.

A package of materials for independent work in groups.

Literature.

D. Pisarev

Organizational stage. Ensuring perception and primary understanding of what is being studied.

(Presentation: slide No. 1) (music without image in slide).

Teacher's word. (Expressive memorization of the episode “The Death of Bazarov”against the background of the music of Handel G.F. Sarabande – 2 min. 54 sec.).

My case is bad. I didn't expect to die so soon; it is an accident. And in a few days they will bury me. For now my head is in my power. Tomorrow or the day after tomorrow my brain will resign. Even now I’m not entirely sure whether I’m expressing myself clearly... Red dogs are running around me. I'm definitely drunk. Nothing more is needed. Strange! I want to stop my thoughts on death, but nothing comes of it. I see some kind of spot... and nothing else.

…The strength, the strength, is still here, but it is necessarydie!..The old man, at least, managed to wean himself from life, AI... Yes,come on, ptry to deny death. She denies you, and that's it! Who's crying there? Mother? Poor thing! Will she feed anyone now with her amazing borscht?

I don’t want to rave, what nonsense!.. Subtract ten from eight, how much does it come out? Wrap in cold sheets... emetic... mustard plasters to the stomach... bloodletting... a crisis has come... a crisis has passed... What does the word mean! I found him, said: “crisis” - and was consoled. Has the crisis passed or arrived?Fulfill the duty of a Christian? I am not refusing, if it can console you, but it seems to me that there is no need to rush...A crisis has arrived... The unconscious are also given communion. I'll wait. And now I want to sleep.

I'm finished. Got under a wheel. And it turns out that there was nothing to think about the future. The old thing is death, but something new for everyone. I’m still not afraid... and then unconsciousness will come... Well, what can I tell you... I loved you! This didn’t make any sense before, but even more so now. Love is a form, and my own form is already decaying.

Well, goodbye! Live long and take advantage while there is time. Look at what an ugly sight this is: the worm is half crushed and still bristling. And I also thought: I’ll screw up a lot of things, I won’t die, no matter what! There is a task, because I am a giant! And now the giant’s whole task is to die decently, although no one cares about this... It doesn’t matter.

Russia needs me... No, apparently I don’t, and who needs me? A shoemaker is needed, a tailor is needed, a butcher... sells meat... butcher... wait, I'm confused... There is a forest here...

Goodbye... Goodbye...Blow on the dying lamp and let it go out...

Formulation of the problem

Do you know the feeling of loneliness? (unanswered question).

Have you ever asked yourself the question: what next? (unanswered question).

What happens in a person’s soul in a short moment before death? What?

The twenty-seventh chapter drew on a philosophical understanding of all the material, leading to the previous chapters of the narrative in I.S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons.”

So, today we continue the lessons we started based on the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”.

1. The stage of updating the subjective experience of students. Motivation.

The last pages of the novel, dedicated to the death of the main character, are the most important. According to D.I. Pisarev: “...The description of Bazarov’s death is the best place in Turgenev’s novel; I even doubt that in all the works of our artist there would be anything more remarkable.”

Look at the epigraph. ( Presentation: slide number 2):

All the interest, the whole point of the novel

lies in the death of Bazarov...

D.I.Pisarev

What did the literary critic Pisarev mean when he wrote: “The whole interest, the whole point of the novel lies in the death of Bazarov...”? (This is a question we have to answer)

2. Record the topic of the lesson. (Presentation: slide No. 3)

The topic of the lesson is “Bazarov in the face of death... (based on the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”).

3. Organization of students’ activities to accept the goals of the lesson.

(Presentation: slide number 4)

Think about the epigraph, the topic and, based on these verbs, set the goals of our lesson:

analyze

define

trace

show role

make generalizations

research

During the lesson you will be able to: (read the first goal to the teacher, the second, etc. to the students)(Presentation: slide No. 5)

analyze the episode, determine its main content;

trace the logic of the development of the author's thought;

show the role of this episode in the novel, then

how it is linked to other episodes;

make generalizations based on the image of the central character of the novel;

I ask you to make notes in your notebooks as you work on the work: key words, cliches that will be necessary to complete your homework.

1. Stage of assimilation of new knowledge . Organization of research work.

Turgenev recalls: “I was walking one day and thinking about death. Following this, a picture of a dying man appeared in front of me. It was Bazarov. The scene made a strong impression on me, and then the rest of the characters and the action itself began to develop.”

(Presentation: slide No. 6 ) ( Students read in sequence)

What is Turgenev’s view on the problem of relationships between this type of people like Bazarov and people who are opposite to him in their beliefs, in their mentality, in their way of life? What place does he occupy in the world of other people?

Will the eternal problem of fathers and sons be solved? Will a person live in harmony with nature, and not perceive him as a “workshop”, and a person as a “worker” in it?

How were Turgenev’s views on nature and the relationship between man and nature reflected, as well as his attitude to the revolution, to revolutionary destruction and violence, and how were they reflected in the ending of the novel?

- these are the questions of our research work in class.

Frontal work on previous chapters of the work.

Teacher:

Bazarov's relationships with all the main characters: the Kirsanovs, Odintsova, his parents and partly with the people are themes already known from previous chapters. It would seem that the theme of the novel has been exhausted. However, from chapter 22, plot and compositionally, the second cycle of the hero’s wanderings begins to repeat: Bazarov first ends up with the Kirsanovs, then with Odintsova, and again with his parents.

What can you say about Evgeny Bazarov’s life position?

What is its specificity, i.e. How is it different from the position of other heroes?(The specificity of Evgeny’s life position is that he denies everything: moral ideals and values, moral principles, as well as painting, literature and other forms of art. Bazarov also does not accept the love glorified by poets, considering it only “physiology.” For him, it is not There are authorities... He believes that every person should educate himself, without depending on anyone or anything. Bazarov is a nihilist).

How did Bazarov treat those around him?(We can say that Bazarov treated those around him with a significant amount of condescension and even contempt, placing them below himself (let us recall his statements addressed to Arkady’s relatives and himself), he considers unacceptable the manifestation of such feelings as sympathy, mutual understanding, affection, tenderness , sympathy.)

How does Bazarov’s loneliness grow in the clash with the surrounding heroes?

a) Why can’t there be understanding with the “fathers”? b) Why does Arkady “leave”?

c) Why is love with Odintsova impossible?

(Presentation: slide No. 7 – key words)

Using supporting words, write answers to the questions above:

…built on a collision, the antagonist of the protagonist. Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov from the camp of “fathers”, verbal duels, but end in a duel, both participants in the dialogue do not hear, fanatics of their own beliefs, slaves of “principles”, the idea of ​​​​friendship, relationships based on the teacher-student principle, like oneself, feelings, reason, any feelings can be curbed and eradicated in oneself by an effort of will, love is “physiology”, as a real, sincere feeling, a feeling collides with his worldview and beliefs, which have already become a part of him.

(a) Firstly, the entire novel “Fathers and Sons” is built on the collision of Bazarov with other heroes. The main antagonist of the protagonist is Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov from the “fathers” camp. His clashes with Bazarov begin with verbal duels and end with a duel. In these disputes, everyone defends his own, the only correct, as it seems to him, point of view. In discussions between Evgeniy and Pavel Petrovich, the truth is not born and cannot be born, because both participants in the dialogue do not hear (or rather, do not want to hear) their opponent. It is precisely this deafness to other people’s opinions, the absolute inability to even try to understand the opposite point of view, in my opinion, that makes Bazarov and Kirsanov so distant from each other, at first glance. Both of them are fanatics of their own beliefs, slaves of “principles”.

b) Secondly, Evgeny Vasilyevich has a special idea of ​​​​friendship. He thought that friendship is a relationship based on the teacher-student principle, and the teacher is always right in everything. This is exactly how Bazarov viewed his friendship with Arkady Kirsanov. He did not consider this chick a person worthy of respect. Eugene saw in Arcadia good material for creating a real person, like himself, by eradicating various nonsense like romanticism and setting him on the true path. At first, Bazarov was pleased by the admiration of his student and the role of the creator of a new man, but then, seeing that the romantic, dreamy Arkady would not make a nihilist, he simply gave up on him. He says to Arkady: So you decided to build a nest... You acted smartly. You are not created for our bitter, tart life... You are a nice fellow, but you are still a soft, liberal gentleman.
But the point is not only in Bazarov’s understanding of friendship. It’s just that Evgeny himself doesn’t know how to make friends. His arrogant, often unjustifiably rude treatment of Arkady violates all the eternal laws of human relations and inevitably leads to a break. After all, friendship is an equal partnership, respect, not slavery or patronage .

c) Thirdly, Bazarov thinks that a real person should not be distracted by what is guided by feelings and not by reason: love, admiration for nature, music, poetry, art, dreams, etc., since this distances him from set goal. He himself considers himself above all this nonsense. Bazarov is confident that any feelings can be curbed and eradicated in oneself through an effort of will; life makes its own adjustments to his worldview. Fate brings Evgeny together with a smart, beautiful, calm and surprisingly unhappy woman, Anna Sergeevna Odintsova. Bazarov falls in love, and, having fallen in love, he understands that his beliefs are at odds with the simple truths of life. Love appears before him no longer as “physiology,” but as a real, sincere feeling. This insight for Bazarov, who lives and “breathes” his nihilism, cannot pass without a trace. Along with the destruction of his beliefs, his whole life collapses, losing its meaning... Refuting the views of the hero, Turgenev resorts to his favorite technique - the “test of love.” Bazarov meets Odintsova, and it is from this moment that Evgeniy’s fate takes a tragic turn. A conflict is emerging in Evgeniy’s soul. The feeling that he experiences for the first time collides with his worldview and beliefs, which have already become a part of him).

How is Bazarov’s relationship with the people, the power that the hero feels behind him, for whom he is ready to sacrifice himself? What do we first notice in Bazarov’s character after talking with the men?(Compare the attitude of the servants in Maryino and the attitude of the men on Bazarov’s estate, characterize the scene “Conversation with the Men,” noting the “playing along” of the men to the master).

Observing Bazarov’s behavior, observe how the feeling of loneliness manifests itself in him. (Life (or the author) appears on the stage, creating the woman he loved. Love and death complete the portrait of Bazarov, making clear everything tragic and contradictory that was previously hidden in the recesses of the soul and was not recognized by the hero himself. A loving person is truly unhappy, but not recognizing love. True, life has not yet created a woman capable of loving Bazarov, as well as a world capable of fully accepting and understanding him. Bazarov is lonely, moreover, he is aware of his loneliness).

Analysis of the episode “The Death of Bazarov”

Teacher:

The main character of I. S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” - Evgeny Vasilyevich Bazarov - dies at the end of the work. Why does the author act this way with the central character? Why is the description of Bazarov's death so important for understanding the meaning of the novel as a whole? The answers to these and many other questions can be found by analyzing the episode of the work, which tells about the death of the main character from chapter 27.

You worked on this chapter at home, so we won't read the whole chapter. Look through the text to remember this episode again.

Watching the episode - texts on tables.

Turgenev “leads” the hero to death.

Why do you think? How does this reflect the writer's views?(“a figure... doomed to death”)? The description of Bazarov's illness and death is given in the novel in authentic tragic tones, with enormous artistic power, because these events are the most difficult test for the right to be called a person and Evgeniy’s greatest victory: To die the way Bazarov died is the same as having accomplished a great feat. The death of Bazarov, confident in the omnipotence of science - an absurd death from an accidental cut - is perceived as a tragic smile of omnipotent nature at a man who imagined that he was wiser and stronger than life itself.

All the tests which Evgeny had to endure, he endured brilliantly: he never once sinned against his convictions, he never lost his human dignity. With just one test Bazarov failed: he could not stand the clashes with the author himself , which are given in the novel as subtext, as an undercurrent. These are two collisions. Turgenev refutes thesis of his hero: Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it, - depicting nature as a temple in the novel; and then the author, showing Bazarov’s readiness to act in the spirit of his democratic convictions - to act, that is, to destroy in order to clear a place for those who will build, does not give him the opportunity to act, because, from his point of view, Russia does not yet need such actions).

a) What is the cause of death?

b) How does Bazarov behave?

c) Why does he hide his condition from his parents?

d) How does one feel about death and how does one fight illness? Confirm with text.

(A)Bazarov's death is an unfortunate and stupid accident. It was the result of a small cut he received while opening the body of a peasant who had died of typhus. The death of the hero was not sudden: on the contrary, it gave Bazarov time, the opportunity to evaluate what had been done and realize the extent of what had not been accomplished.

b) In the face of death, Bazarov is stoic, strong, unusually calm and unperturbed. Thanks to the author’s description of the hero’s condition, we feel respect for Bazarov, not pity.

c) And at the same time, we constantly remember that before us is an ordinary person with his inherent weaknesses. Bazarov hides his condition from his parents, feeling in himself a reverent, filial attitude towards the elderly: “Who is crying there? - he added after a while. - Mother? Poor thing! Will she feed someone now with her amazing borscht?...", ". Your father will tell you that this is what kind of person Russia is losing... This is nonsense; but don't dissuade the old man. Whatever the child enjoys... you know. And caress your mother. After all, people like them cannot be found in your big world during the day..."

d) No one can calmly perceive the approach of the end, and Eugene, despite all his self-confidence, is not able to treat this with complete indifference. He regrets his unspent strength, his unfulfilled task. The “giant,” which Bazarov always considered himself to be, cannot oppose anything to death: “Yes, go ahead, try to deny death. She denies you, and that’s it!” Behind the hero’s irony one can clearly see the bitter regret of the passing minutes).

Why does the hero refuse confession, knowing that he will die anyway? Why, at the same time, remaining true to his convictions, does he ask to call Odintsova? Why, before his death, does Bazarov speak so beautifully as he never spoke, that is, he betrays his principles? (In the face of death, everything external and superficial disappeared and the most important thing remained: an integral, convinced nature, capable of a wonderful feeling, of a poetic perception of the world. In the last days of his life, Evgeniy becomes kinder and more gentle. He longs to meet his beloved woman in order to once again confess his love to her. He becomes softer with his parents, deep down, probably still understanding that they have always occupied a significant place in his life and deserve a much more attentive and sincere attitude. Before death, reconciliation occurs in Bazarov’s soul. He softens, opens up to love, becomes more tolerant towards his parents, asks his father to take care of his mother - to hide from her the full severity of his situation. He ceases to resist his love for Odintsova).

Teacher:

As confirmation of this, we will read the episode “The Last Meeting of Bazarov and Odintsova” by role.

What is the symbolic meaning of Bazarov's death?( Bazarov devoted his entire life to the desire to benefit the country and science. And death for him is not just the cessation of existence, but also a sign that he “apparently not needed” Russia. The realization of this “uselessness” comes to Evgeny at the very last moment and becomes the final stage the death of his views , as well as his own death.

Herzen wrote that ending Bazarov’s life with typhus was the worst service that the author could provide him. In his opinion, science could save Bazarov, give him what he was looking for. But, on the other hand, “Fathers and Sons” is more than just a novel, it is a reflection of the era, and Bazarov is not just a hero, but a “man of the times.” Only time can complete his portrait correctly. We must wait until Bazarov himself becomes a “father”, when a new generation of “children” comes. Dying, Bazarov says: “Russia needs me... No, apparently he doesn’t need me...” On the one hand, this is annoyance at himself, at the fact that he decided to seek the truth, change the world and... died, and on the other hand On the other hand, this question that tormented him is one of the main problems of Bazarov’s existence.

The reader understands that Bazarov has no one to convey what little, but the most precious thing he has is his beliefs. He has no near and dear person, and therefore no future. He does not imagine himself as a district doctor, but he also cannot be reborn, become like Arkady. There is no place for him in Russia, and, perhaps, abroad too. Bazarov dies, and with him his genius, his wonderful, strong character, his ideas and beliefs die. But true life is endless, the flowers on Eugene’s grave confirm this. Life is endless, but only true... Therefore, in the finale it reminds of the fragility, fragility of life, the life of nature, the great values ​​of life).

What does the description of the cemetery with Bazarov’s grave symbolize?

Reading the episode "In the Cemetery" ( Presentation: slide number 8, music Catalani Diva )

(Scene “At the Cemetery”: this is hope for a peaceful, happy future when injustice disappears.

Who does Russia need: him or a butcher, a shoemaker, an artisan? Is his nihilism necessary? Turgenev does not answer this question. Instead, we see a small rural cemetery in one of the corners of Russia, we see that Turgenev, as a master of words, not only found the most powerful and worthy conclusion to the novel (this is for readers), but also with a simple human gesture (and this is for himself) gave Bazarov's rebellious soul has the opportunity for reconciliation, peace, warmth, eternity, which he was deprived of. The tragedy of Bazarov lies in his very existence, in the fact that he does not find “his” truth in life).

Stage of consolidation of knowledge. Work in groups. ( Presentation: slides No. 9-11)

First group:

Prove that Bazarov is a contradictory image.

What is its inconsistency? (at least 3 contradictions)

( Answer on slide number 9)

He is a nihilist, a democrat, i.e. lives for society - but is lonely;

He denies love - but he himself passionately fell in love with Odintsova;

He is proud of his closeness to the people (“my grandfather plowed the land”) - but complains that “well, he (the people) will live in a white hut, and a burdock will grow out of me”

Second group:

Untimely death. The necessary price for exclusivity.

How is this determined? The necessary price for exclusivity.

What is Bazarov like in death? He is good in death - he does not lose his dignity, he thinks about his loved ones, he does not give up his views.

(Answer on slide number 10)

Third group:

What does Bazarov come to? “Russia needs me... No, apparently I don’t... And who needs me? A shoemaker, a butcher, a tailor...” these people do their work without thinking about high goals.

( Answer on slide number 11)

Summarizing

Teacher:

Bazarov’s business is to destroy the obsolete, to “clear a place” for the construction of the future; in the name of this, he does not even spare himself. This is given in the novel as a social mission, which extraordinary natures can accomplish. And it’s not their fault, but their misfortune if, having entered the battlefield early, selflessly taking the first blows, they seem to die ignominiously.So, the tragic contradiction is resolved by some kind of conciliatory chord. Turgenev refutes the views of his hero, contrasting his views not with some abstract theory, but with the laws by which man and nature exist. The hero believed that “first we need to clear the place,” and someone will build on this wasteland. The author reveals the absurdity of this belief in the words about “endless life.” Everything develops in society, as in nature, gradually, naturally.

Our Bashkir poet Alexander Filippov wrote about this in one of his poems.( Presentation: slide number 12):

Everything that has been mined for centuries,

This dancing army ate it.

There was a case, stones were scattered,

Time to put them back together.

Teacher:

Bazarov's death is the logical conclusion of the tragic action. The tragedy of the nihilist is that he finds himself in the wrong time and in the wrong environment - here he is as if in an airless space.

Turgenev is forced to show Bazarov's death because he does not have the opportunity to show how Bazarov lives.

Homework.

( Presentation: slide number 13)

Write an essay-reasoning “How I see Bazarov, if he remained alive.”

The final episode of any work speaks volumes. This is a certain result that the author wanted to convey, and an instruction, a warning, and the author’s own opinion on this matter. Therefore, analysis of the episode when Bazarov is faced with death requires a more detailed study.

Let's start with the fact that Bazarov is the main character of the novel “Fathers and Sons”.

The work is classified as “eternal”, since Turgenev depicted eternally relevant problems. From the very beginning until death, readers have many questions. Why did the author do this to the hero? How does he feel about him? Why is Bazarov's death so important? To answer everything and understand it, you need to analyze this episode and its summary.

Bazarov is a unique person. He is smart and quick-witted, understands people well, cynical, but at the same time sensitive and kind. Bazarov's thinking is unique. He did not believe in the love described by the poets, he does not believe in moral principles. For him, there is only a path in life, where everyone makes personal decisions.

Bazarov is a nihilist. And his nihilism is real, serious, persistent. He doesn't pretend to look special. The essence of his nihilism is that he wants to live for the sake of something big and serve for the good of society.

Analyzing the image of Bazarov, his attitude towards society catches the eye. He puts himself above other people. He does not want to show feelings such as sympathy, tenderness or understanding.

To make adjustments, the author introduces his hero to an intelligent and beautiful woman. Now all of Bazarov’s understanding begins to collapse. He falls in love. If previously only physiological love existed for him, now he accepts this sublime feeling.

How does Bazarov die? Occasionally. He worked with the body of a dead peasant and contracted typhus through a cut. He had time to think everything over, to put his thoughts in order. The hero is calm. He doesn't worry about what happened. His tenacity is amazing. The reader has only respect for this man.

The episode of Bazarov's death reveals to us the hero from the other side. We see as if he is taking off his armor and revealing himself to us as he is. This is weird. If earlier his caustic manners often irritated him, now we see a simple man and understand the reasons for all his actions.

Bazarov regrets that he has not yet had time to do much. He becomes kinder in the last stage of his life. He changes his attitude towards his parents, recognizes their love and warmth. As for his nihilism, the approach of death causes a storm of emotions in him. He thinks that Russia no longer needs him, since he dies so early.

These thoughts become final. At the very last moment his ideas perish, and he himself perishes. It’s a pity that there wasn’t a loved one nearby to whom Bazarov could pass on his faith. It would be easier for him that way. He would have left a piece of himself behind.

The novel “Fathers and Sons” by I.S. Turgenev ends with the death of the main character. Understanding the reasons why the author completes his work in this way is possible through an analysis of the episode “Bazarov’s death.” “Fathers and Sons” is a novel in which the death of the main character is certainly not accidental. Perhaps such an ending speaks to the inconsistency of this character’s beliefs. So, let's try to figure it out.

Who is Bazarov?

Analysis of the episode of Bazarov's death is impossible without understanding what this character is like. Thanks to what is told about Eugene in the novel, we imagine an intelligent, self-confident, cynical young man who denies generally accepted moral principles and ideals. He considers love to be “physiology”; in his opinion, a person should not depend on anyone.

Subsequently, however, Turgenev reveals to us in his hero such qualities as sensitivity, kindness, and the ability for deep feelings.

Bazarov is a nihilist, that is, a person who denies all generally accepted values, including that he does not share the enthusiasm of amateurs. In his opinion, only that which brings practical benefit is significant. He considers everything beautiful to be meaningless. Evgeniy’s main meaning is “work for the benefit of society.” His task is “to live for the great purpose of renewing the world.”

Attitude towards others

An analysis of the episode of Bazarov’s death in Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” cannot be carried out without understanding how the main character’s relationships with the people who made up his social circle were built. It should be noted that Bazarov treated others with contempt; he put others lower than himself. This was manifested, for example, in the things he told Arkady about himself and his relatives. Affection, sympathy, tenderness - Evgeniy considers all these feelings unacceptable.

Lyubov Bazarova

Analysis of the episode of Bazarov's death requires mentioning that for all his disdain for sublime feelings, he, ironically, falls in love. His love is unusually deep, as evidenced by his explanation with Anna Sergeevna Odintsova. Realizing that he is capable of such a feeling, Bazarov ceases to treat it as physiology. He begins to consider the existence of love possible. Such a change of views could not pass without a trace for Eugene, who lived by the ideas of nihilism. His old life is destroyed.

Bazarov's declaration of love is not just words, it is an admission of his own defeat. Eugene's nihilistic theories are shattered.

Turgenev considers it inappropriate to end the novel with a change in the views of the main character, but decides to end the work with his death.

Is Bazarov's death an accident?

So, in the finale of the novel, the main event is the death of Bazarov. Analysis of the episode requires remembering the reason why, according to the text of the work, the main character dies.

His life becomes impossible due to an unfortunate accident - a small cut that Bazarov received during the autopsy of the body of a peasant who died of typhus. Ironically, he, a doctor doing a useful job, cannot do anything to save his life. Knowing that he would die gave the protagonist time to evaluate his achievements. Bazarov, knowing about the inevitability of his death, is calm and strong, although, of course, being a young and energetic man, he regrets that he has so little time left to live.

Bazarov's attitude towards death and himself

Analysis of the episode of Bazarov's death is impossible without a deeper understanding of how the hero relates to the proximity of his end and death in general.

No person can calmly realize that the end of his life is approaching. Evgeniy, being a person who is certainly strong and self-confident, is no exception. He regrets that he did not complete his main task. He understands the power of death and speaks of the approaching final minutes with bitter irony: “Yes, go ahead, try to deny death. It denies you, and that’s it!”

So, Bazarov’s death is approaching. Analysis of the episode, which is one of the key ones in the novel, requires an understanding of how the character of the main character has changed. Evgeniy becomes kinder and more sentimental. He wants to meet his beloved, once again tell about his feelings. Bazarov treats his parents more gently than before, now understanding their importance.

Analysis of the episode of Bazarov's death shows how lonely the main character of the work is. He does not have a close person to whom he could convey his beliefs, therefore, his views have no future.

Understanding True Values

In the face of death they change. There comes an understanding of what is really important in life.

Analysis of the episode “Bazarov’s death” based on the novel by I. S. Turgenev requires an understanding of what values ​​the main character now considers true.

The most important thing for him now is his parents, their love for him, as well as his feelings for Odintsova. He wants to say goodbye to her, and Anna, not afraid of becoming infected, comes to Evgeniy. Bazarov shares his innermost thoughts with her. He comes to the understanding that Russia does not need him at all, she needs those who do ordinary work every day.

It is harder for Bazarov to come to terms with his death than for any other person, because he is an atheist and does not believe in life after death.

Turgenev ends his novel with the death of Bazarov. The principles by which the hero lived are destroyed. Bazarov did not have stronger, new ideals. Turgenev notes that the main character was ruined by his deep commitment to nihilism, which forced him to abandon the universal values ​​that allow him to live in this world.

Bazarov in the face of death (episode analysis)

Every writer, when creating his work, be it a science fiction short story or a multi-volume novel, is responsible for the fate of the heroes. The author tries not only to talk about a person’s life, depicting its most striking moments, but also to show how the character of his hero was formed, under what conditions it developed, what features of the psychology and worldview of a particular character led to a happy or tragic ending.

The ending of any work in which the author draws a peculiar line under a certain stage or the entire life of the hero in general is a direct reflection of the writer’s position in relation to the character, the result of reflections on the fate of his contemporaries.

The main character of I. S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” - Evgeny Vasilyevich Bazarov - dies at the end of the work.

Bazarov is the son of a poor district doctor, continuing the work of his father. Following the author's description, we imagine him as an intelligent, reasonable, rather cynical, but somewhere deep down in his soul a sensitive, attentive and kind person.

The specificity of Eugene’s life position lies in the fact that he denies everything: moral ideals and values, moral principles, as well as painting, literature and other forms of art. Bazarov also does not accept the love sung by poets, considering it only “physiology.”

Bazarov is a nihilist. However, not like Sitnikov and Kukshina, for whom denial is just a mask that allows them to hide their inner vulgarity and inconsistency. Unlike them, Bazarov does not grimace, but with all the ardor of a spiritually rich and passionate nature defends views close to him.

His main goal is “work for the benefit of society,” his main task is “to live for the great goal of renewing the world.”

Bazarov considers the manifestation of such feelings as sympathy, mutual understanding, affection, tenderness, and sympathy unacceptable.

But life makes its own adjustments to his worldview. Fate brings Evgeny together with a smart, beautiful, calm and surprisingly unhappy woman - Anna Sergeevna Odintsova. Bazarov falls in love and realizes that his beliefs are at odds with the simple truths of life. Love appears before him no longer as “physiology,” but as a real, sincere feeling. This insight for Bazarov, who lives and “breathes” his nihilism, cannot pass without a trace. Along with the destruction of his beliefs, his whole life collapses, losing its meaning. Turgenev could have shown how Bazarov would gradually abandon his views, but he did not do this, but simply “dead” the main character.

In the last days of his life, Evgeniy becomes kinder and more gentle. He longs to meet his beloved woman in order to once again confess his love to her. He becomes softer with his parents, deep down, probably still understanding that they have always occupied a significant place in his life and deserve a much more attentive and sincere attitude.

Bazarov devoted his entire life to the desire to benefit the country and science. Death for him is not just the cessation of existence, but also a sign that he “apparently is not needed” by Russia. The realization of this “uselessness” comes to Eugene at the very last moment and becomes the final stage in the death of his views, as well as his own death.

The reader understands that Bazarov has no one to convey what little, but the most precious thing he has is his beliefs. He has no near and dear person, and therefore no future. He does not imagine himself as a district doctor, but he also cannot be reborn, become like Arkady. There is no place for him in Russia, and, perhaps, abroad too. Bazarov dies, and with him his genius, his wonderful, strong character, his ideas and beliefs die. However, true life is endless, the flowers on Eugene’s grave confirm this. Life is endless, but only true.

1. Document

   ... death; on the contrary, birth and death- these are small episodes ... death. The man doesn't understand death; it defies science analysis ... Before such a person death folds. Death only retreats before... his features faces smoothed out...on bazaar changed dramatically...

2. Death is Osho's greatest deception

   Document

   ... death; on the contrary, birth and death- these are small episodes ... death. The man doesn't understand death; it defies science analysis ... Before such a person death folds. Death only retreats before... his features faces smoothed out...on bazaar changed dramatically...

3. Thematic planning for literature in 10th grade

   Thematic planning

   Textbook about Goncharov's novel; to prepare for analysisepisode 21 Analysis chapters from Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov... scenes” of death B. Why the novel ends death Main character? thirty. Bazarovbeforefaceof death Analytical reading Death Bazarova...

4. In one of the editions of the “Russian Messenger” in the 60s of the 19th century, a work was published whose main character has firmly entered the history of Russian literature. The central image in the novel “Fathers and Sons” is complex and multifaceted. According to the author himself, Evgeny Bazarov became the most attractive and interesting of the figures he created. This one represents a sharp, integral and controversial nature. It is noteworthy that only at the end of the novel, when Bazarov was faced with death, the writer revealed his character to the fullest.

   The figure is gloomy and wild...

   This is what one of the literary critics called Bazarov, the hero of the novel into which Turgenev poured his soul and several years of painstaking work. Bazarov faces death in one of the last chapters of this work. The author demonstrates in this episode how changes occur in the hero’s soul in the last days of his life. The writer depicts in the final chapters a rethinking of Bazarov’s entire life.

   Being a commoner and not recognizing the social foundations on which most of the people who surround him rely, he is gloomy, somewhat cynical in his expressions and can be quite harsh. But the main thing is that he is smart. There is something decisive and extraordinary in him that can save Russian society. At least that's what the author thought. When creating, Turgenev depicted a certain version of a new man.

   Turgenev's favorite brainchild

   Bazarov became a favorite hero for the Russian writer. In the face of death, he changes somewhat. At the end of the work, this image evokes a feeling of compassion in the reader. But why did Turgenev act so cruelly with Bazarov? After all, by his own admission, this character was his favorite brainchild. Having embodied the image of a new man in the common nihilist, he destroyed him, and at the same time all his ideas.

   

   Representative of the new time

   The fact is that in the mid-nineteenth century Turgenev observed the emergence of new people. The writer understood that something new was happening. The views and beliefs of these people were not in harmony with the foundations of the old society. They caused surprise mixed with irritation. But there was something fresh about these people, instilling hope and faith. Turgenev rejoiced at their appearance, but could not imagine their future fate. Therefore, I wrote only what I knew. The way Bazarov is depicted in the face of death perhaps confirms the writer’s opinion about the mind of a new man, but the inconsistency of his ideas, which, at least in the sixties, could not yet be translated into reality.

   Odintsova and Bazarov

   “In the Face of Death” is an essay on literature, which, based on one of Turgenev’s episodes, allows the student to learn about the revaluation of ideas and beliefs that occurs at the end of almost every person’s life. Bazarov treated simple earthly joys with contempt. He also considered love relationships vulgar. Only science mattered in his life. But no matter what superhuman views he held, love arose in his heart. The sudden outbreak of feelings for Odintsova can be called a mockery of his ideas. The irony of his scientific research was that it led to an incurable disease. Completely unexpectedly, Bazarov appeared in the face of love and death - that is, in front of what he had rejected all his life.

   

   Loneliness

   This character is very different from other heroes: Kirsanov, Sitnikov, Kuvshina. The latter are his caricatured imitation. Bazarov leaves no one indifferent. It arouses interest, irritation, and curiosity. But his tragedy is that he is extremely lonely. Even in his parents' home, where he is loved and idolized, this hero does not find support. Love and understanding are the price he paid for his ideas. Bazarov realized his mistake in the face of death.

   Analysis of the episode, which depicts the last days of his life, gives an idea of ​​his inner strength and spiritual wealth. He is able to understand the inadequacy of his life. He realizes that science, which was the meaning of his existence, will not save him.

   

   Belated lesson

   Bazarov, in the face of death, also understands that his role in the fate of Russia would not be so great. Does his homeland need him? What did he do for her? He now knows the answers to these questions. He accomplished monstrously little compared to those who work hard and hard every day.

   His life consisted mainly of reflections, which, however, were based on a great truth. By denying everything and everyone, he showed his obvious inadequacy. And only when he was on his deathbed did he realize all his mistakes. It is impossible to live rejecting all generally accepted human ideals and values. Existing alone and without love is not easy. Bazarov understands this. He wants to live. But he also realizes that the end, alas, is inevitable.

   After death

   After the episode in which the author cites the hero’s key reflections and conclusions, a few words are said about other characters. And most importantly, about the mark left on their hearts by the young nihilist who left this world so early. “Bazarov. In the face of love and death" is an essay in which one should not only characterize the main character of the novel, but also analyze his relationships with other characters.

   

   His death became a real tragedy only for those who truly, sincerely cared for him, regardless of his nihilistic ideas and judgments. His parents had true love for him. This feeling did not depend on any external reasons. Mother and father loved their son regardless of his worldview. For the other characters, Bazarov's death did not go unnoticed.

   But the tragic death of this man did not have an indelible impression on any of them. It is not known whether Bazarov was able to do anything serious for science. The author once said that he wanted to make Bazarov a tragic face. And according to the law of the genre, such a hero must certainly suffer death at the end of the work.