What kind of character does Savelich have? “The Captain's Daughter” image of Savelich. The image of Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter”

Savelich, the servant and teacher of Pyotr Grinev, was assigned to the boy as soon as he turned 5 years old.

Savelich was an ordinary serf, looked after Grinev Sr.’s horse, helped him hunt with dogs, but his main quality turned out to be that he led a sober lifestyle, so he was transferred as a teacher to Peter. He taught Peter to read and write and looked after him like a son, so he really didn’t like it when another teacher appeared - the Frenchman Beaupré, and besides, Savelich, as a true Russian person, did not like everything foreign.

Savelich was very efficient and honest, he believed that all the orders of the owners should be strictly followed, but this did not apply to Peter, he could argue with him and give advice. Grinev the elder ordered him to take care of Peter and his property, and Savelich strictly monitored everything. When Peter lost 100 rubles to Zurin, Savelich did not want to repay the debt, and when bandits plundered their belongings in the Belogorsk fortress, he made a list of what was lost and asked Pugachev to compensate for everything in money, without thinking that they had just been pardoned and might change their minds, seeing such impudence.

Savelich was very attached to his pupil, he was ready to die for him, if only not a single hair would fall from Peter’s head. Such self-sacrifice can only occur in a person who deeply loves his child.

In the story, Savelich is often offended, but it turns out that it is not deserved: Peter puts him in his place, reminding him that he is a servant, and his father scolds Savelich for not looking after Peter well. Savelich simply cares about Peter and wants to do everything as best as possible.

Savelich was unlucky that he was born during serfdom, otherwise his life would have been much happier.

The image of Savelich became a collective image of all peasants who were forced to work for the benefit of their master, endure humiliation and be powerless.

Savelich was a serf, just like his father and grandfather, among the Grinevs. When he was five years old, he was assigned to the boy as a teacher. This was a “new position” for the old man. And he received it for humility and obedience. Now Savelich was free from dirty and hard work, he began to teach Petrushka to read and write.

The training lasted for seven years. During this time, Savelich became very accustomed and became attached to the boy. When Grinev’s father hired a new teacher of French and German, the old man was very unhappy and did not understand why he wasted money on this “damned monsieur.” Savelich did not want the new teacher to become a better teacher than himself.

Later, Savelich travels with Grinev to the Belogorsk fortress to look after his pupil. It should be noted that it was Savelich who instilled in Grinev those strong character traits that helped him maintain his honor and dignity and not betray the empress.

Speaking about Savelich, it should be noted that he was a deeply religious man. This can be confirmed by his statements: “Lord, master,” “fear God,” “for God’s sake,” etc. But, despite his piety, Savelich was not stingy with firm words.

Savelich's conversation is filled with folk sayings and proverbs. He liked to talk a lot about himself, but tried not to analyze his actions. Savelich considered serving his master the meaning of his whole life. He is ready to sacrifice his life for the happiness of his master. Savelich remained faithful to Pyotr Grinev to the end.

In the image of Savelich, he was able to show us the entire breadth of the Russian soul and the multifaceted character of a simple Russian person. It was through the image of Savelich that the author expressed his protest against serfdom.

Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter”- not the main character, but still the reader also worries about his fate.

Description of Savelich in “The Captain's Daughter”

In the image of Savelich, Pushkin depicted a good Russian man, the tragedy of whose situation is that he lives in the era of serfdom, which depersonalizes the peasant, and above all and most of all the servant. “Savelich is a miracle. This is the most tragic face, that is, the one who is most pitied in the story,” one of the writers of Pushkin’s contemporaries said well.
The image of Savelich embodies many attractive features characteristic of a simple Russian person: loyalty to duty, directness, the ability for deep affection and self-sacrifice. All the best in Grinev was brought up mainly by Savelich. Savelich is deeply attached to Grinev. He sees his duty as ensuring the happiness of his pet. Savelich is a slave by position, but not a slave by spirit. A sense of human dignity lives in him. Bitterness and pain were caused in Savelich by the rude letter to him from old man Grinev. In Savelich’s response letter, Pushkin emphasized not only the old man’s obedience to his master, but also the awakening in the serf slave of the consciousness that he was the same person as his master. In the image of Savelich, Pushkin protests against serfdom.

“The Captain’s Daughter” image of Savelich

Characteristics of Savelich will help to understand his inner world, his experiences, he is a serf, he has the consciousness of a slave, he cannot lead a full life, because he lives the life of his master.

Savelich is a forced man, humble and devoted to his master. He is smart, full of self-esteem and a sense of duty. He has a huge responsibility - he is raising the boy, while experiencing truly fatherly feelings for him. This is the portrait of Savelich, if we consider this image superficially.

A detailed acquaintance with Savelich begins after Pyotr Grinev leaves home. The author constantly creates situations in which the main character commits offenses and mistakes. And only the faithful Savelich always helps, saves, smooths out the situation. The case with Zurin is indicative, when Grinev gets drunk and loses a hundred rubles. Savelich, who put the master to bed and took care of him, does not want to give the money, because he is entrusted with responsibility for the master’s son. But Grinev forces him to pay the debt, arguing that the owner is free to do what he wants, and the servant is obliged to carry out his orders. This is the morality instilled by upbringing, both in the master and the servant. Savelich helps out his master more than once, but at the same time he never hears words of gratitude. He is not surprised by this, because this has been the case from time immemorial. It doesn’t even occur to him that it could be otherwise.

In some cases, Savelich, without any hesitation, is ready to sacrifice his life for the sake of the master. Let us remember the episode when he ran to the place of the duel with Shvabrin in order to shield his pupil with his chest. What does he get in return? Only undeserved accusations that he reported the fight to his parents! Moreover, and on the other hand, on the part of Grinev Sr., the servant is accused, but only of the opposite - that he did not report the duel!

In this situation, Pyotr Grinev did not even think about writing to his father and protecting the devoted Savelich. The old servant himself writes a letter in which he shows humility and submission to the will of the master. But for this he had to suppress his human dignity, pride, drown out the resentment in himself, forget the insults inflicted. This evokes both admiration and acute pity for a worthy man oppressed by serfdom.

Finally, Savelich literally accomplishes a feat when he throws himself at Pugachev’s feet with a request to spare the master. He is ready to take Grinev’s place on the gallows. At this moment, he thinks least of all about his life, he is only concerned about the fate of the master. The worst thing is that Grinev remains absolutely indifferent to the selfless act of his servant, and Savelich takes this indifference for granted.

When the popular revolt began, Savelich remained devoted to his masters, considering Pugachev a “villain” and a “robber.” Although, it would seem, Pugachev defended Savelich’s rights and was his intercessor. But devotion to the owners had already eaten into the soul of the old serf and suppressed the natural human desire for freedom. Pugachev and Savelich are both from the people. But how different their characters are! This was especially clearly manifested in the scene when Savelich gives the leader of the rebels a “register of the lord’s goods.”

The scene makes a strong impression. Pugachev towers over the crowd as he plays the emperor. At this time Savelich comes out and gives him a list. One detail is very interesting here: the serf owner Savelich can write, but Pugachev cannot read the paper, he has to resort to the help of those close to him. This episode, oddly enough, does not at all humiliate Pugachev in the eyes of the reader and does not make him funny, but kindly reveals his spiritual world. Savelich is not humiliated either. On the contrary, this episode once again reveals both his devotion to his masters and his high personal virtues, including courage. He is ready to put himself at risk again in order to protect what he considers himself obligated to protect. In this case, this is the master's property, but with exactly the same dedication Savelich sacrificed himself for the life of the owner. The scene ends with Pugachev leaving, all the people following him. Savelich is left alone with the register in his hands. But he just accomplished a feat again. And again no one noticed this. Apparently, this is the fate of the servant - his high impulses are taken for granted. Sometimes these impulses are funny, sometimes annoying for the master, but never, in a single case, were they appreciated.

The writer sympathizes with Savelich. Revealing his drama, talking about his countless unnoticed victims, he makes us, the readers, fall in love with the old man.

In his story, Pushkin showed not only the love of freedom and rebellion of the people, but also the other side of the coin - the humility and obedience of some of its representatives, including Savelich. The old man lacks self-awareness because he is at the mercy of tradition. Savelich lives in the interests of his master, regardless of his own, and he has no interests of his own. The way of life that has developed in the Grinevs’ house seems to him the only possible one. His position was determined from the beginning, so he cannot respond to the insult. This is the tragedy of Savelich’s image, and if you look more broadly, the tragedy of the entire Russian people, who for centuries pulled the burden of fortress and honor.

The image of Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter” was created by A.S. It is no coincidence that Pushkin personifies the national Russian character along with Captain Mironov, Pugachev’s entourage. Let's try to remember what this faithful and devoted servant of the Grinev family was like.

Portrait of Savelich

As you probably remember, Savelich is a servant, Petrusha Grinev’s servant, whom his father assigned to him. It should be noted that he is at least intelligent, and at the same time endlessly devoted to his master. Savelich was raised to serve the master; he does not know how to live differently.

This middle-aged man has a serious responsibility, because he, as a faithful and devoted servant, is responsible for Pyotr Grinev to his parents. Savelich has almost paternal feelings for his pupil. He endlessly cares about him, worries about the young master.

Let's take a closer look at the image of Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter”. An essay on this topic cannot do without words about the devotion and fidelity of the old servant to the masters.

Detailed acquaintance

A more detailed story about Savelich begins from the moment Petrusha Grinev leaves his father’s house.

A lot about the character of this person is told by the incident when Grinev gets drunk and loses money. Savelich does not consider it necessary to pay the debt, but the young master forces him to do this and, without hesitation, reprimands the devoted elderly servant that his duty is to obey and carry out the master’s will.

The image of Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter”, according to Pushkin’s plan and concept, is a typical portrait of a serf, devoted to his masters, for that time. Surprisingly, throughout the entire story, this faithful servant does not hear even a word of gratitude from the young master, and, characteristically, he does not have the slightest resentment. Savelich cannot even imagine that any other attitude towards a person of his origin is possible.

Willingness to sacrifice life for the sake of the student

The image of Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter” is revealed even more fully when the life of Pyotr Grinev is in danger. The old servant was ready to die himself at the hands of Shvabrin, shielding the young master with his chest. In gratitude, he only receives accusations of denunciation to his parents. Petrusha's father, for his part, blames the old man for not reporting the duel. Young Grinev in such a situation does not consider it necessary to intercede for this person devoted to him.

Savelich and Pugachev

The image of Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter”, an essay about this character cannot ignore such a vivid episode; it is revealed in all its fullness when the old servant throws himself at the feet of Emelyan Pugachev. He begs the impostor to save his young master from the gallows and is ready to take his place himself. His own life, it seems, is not at all dear to him. Alas, Petrusha Grinev takes for granted even such an act of Savelich. The servant, in turn, is also not surprised by such coldness and indifference on the part of the master.

The image of the people in "The Captain's Daughter"

The image of the people is presented in the novel from a negative side. Companions, for example, are capable of stealing, are cruel to the nobility, and are ready to betray their leader, which he has no doubt about.

The image of Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter” is the personification of the most attractive traits of the Russian character, which is distinguished by directness, loyalty, and readiness for self-sacrifice.

Three more characters who personify the people are Captain Mironov, his wife and daughter. They are simple-minded, kind, warm-hearted, hospitable. The behavior of the head of the family, Ivan Kuzmich, is dictated by a sense of duty to the Fatherland.

The image of Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter” embodies those positive folk traits that are inherent in the best representatives of the peasant class. He serves without complaint, his devotion to the Grinev family knows no bounds, but he never hears even a word of gratitude, as a rule, he receives insults and abuse.

Savelich, just like he was used to unquestioningly carrying out decrees. For the elderly servant, the master's orders come first; for Mironov, the government's orders come first. Such people will never resist the authorities, this is how their grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived, only this way of life seems to them the only possible.

So, the image of Savelich in the story “The Captain's Daughter” is surprisingly vividly presented. A brief summary of the work is unlikely to help us form a complete impression of this devoted servant, and we will probably only be able to read a few lengthy phrases about him.

The image of Savelich, despite his secondary character, is remembered surprisingly well. He is smart and savvy, loyal and honest. This is a servant who has truly fatherly feelings for the young master and will willingly give his own life for him. Thanks to this character A.S. Pushkin reveals the dramatic fate of a simple Russian peasant in autocratic Russia, who is ready to do anything for the sake of his masters and does not expect gratitude. Savelich's kindness, intelligence, humility, and dedication make this hero beloved by many readers.

With Shvabrin, he rushes to the duel bridge with the intention of protecting his master. “God knows, I ran with my chest from the sword of Alexei Iv not only, but thanked the old man, but also him in denunciation to my parents. If it weren’t for Savelich, he was hanged at the time of the trial. Here's how he said it himself: “Suddenly I heard a cry: “Fast, wait!..” The executioners stopped. Ch. lies at the feet of the poor guy. - What do you want in him? Let him go; They will give you a ransom for it; and for the sake of example and fear, order them to hang me, even an old man!” gave a sign, and they immediately untied me and left me.” Savelich: committed. He was ready to take Grinev’s place under the gallows. The master remained deaf to the old man’s selfless act. The serf owner's unconsciously acquired right to dispose of other people's lives made him indifferent.

Savelich's character and the nature of his humility are revealed most fully in episodes related to the duel. Grinev the father, having learned about his son’s duel, writes a threatening and insulting letter to Savelich. Grinev the son accuses the old man of denunciation. The peculiarity of the situation created by Pushkin is that Savelich is accused and insulted for no reason.

The letter from Grinev Sr. is a letter from a landowner acting arbitrarily: “I love you, you old dog! I will send pigs to graze for concealing the truth and conniving with the young man.” A nobleman challenges him to a duel, another nobleman - Shvabrin - secretly and basely informs his rival's parents, and the unrequited Savelich, innocent of anything, is responsible for everything. Having learned the truth, Pyotr Grinev does not consider it necessary to write to his father and protect the man loyal to him. The letter is written by Savelich himself. This letter is a wonderful example of Pushkin’s penetration into psychology, revealing the deepest feelings of a person.

“Sovereign Andrei Petrovich, our father, you are merciful and! I received your gracious writing, in which you deign to lash out at me, your servant, that it is a shame for me not to carry out my master’s orders; and I, not an old dog, but your faithful servant, obey the master’s orders and have always served you diligently and lived to see my gray hair...” “And you deign to write that you will send me to herd pigs, and that is your boyar will. For this I bow slavishly. Your faithful servant Arkhip Savelyev.”

The letter breathes with the humility and obedience of a “faithful serf,” and at the same time it is deeply sad: the insulted man shows sincere concern for the mother of Pyotr Grinev, who “fell ill of fright”; he calms and consoles the lady, informing her about the health of her son after being wounded, and promises “to pray to God for her health.

Behind the readiness to accept the lordly (“the mouth of pigs”), we feel the hidden resentment of the offended person. Grinev understood this: “It was obvious that Savelich was right in front of me and that I needlessly insulted him with reproach and suspicion. I asked him for forgiveness; but the old man was inconsolable. “This is how rotten I have become,” he repeated, “this is what favors I have received from my masters! I am both an old dog and a swineherd, and I am also the cause of your wound...” Savelich revealed a great truth: humility is not a virtue, according to fate they perked up, they broke the law that disadvantaged them, they challenged the masters and the authorities. Savelich sees the uprising, knows Pugachev himself, but he is deaf to the freedom proclaimed by the rebels, he is blind to events and judges them from the position of his masters. That is why Pugachev is a “villain” and a “robber” for him.

The scale of interests of Pugachev and Savelich are incommensurable. But, defending the plundered goods, Savelich is right in his own way. And, most importantly, the reader cannot remain indifferent to the courage and dedication of the old man. He boldly and fearlessly turns to the impostor, without thinking about the dangers of demanding the return of things “stolen by the villains.” Over and over again we witness Savelich’s selflessness - he either ran to expose his chest to the blow of Shvabriya’s sword, then offered Pugachev to hang himself instead of Grinev, and now he defends the good of his pupil. This no longer showed servility, but the high dignity of Savelich’s personality, his devotion to his loved one.