Kapitanets Ivan Matveevich (1928–2018). Kapitanets Ivan Matveevich Personal characteristics according to the memoirs of contemporaries

Admiral of the Fleet, Commander of the Baltic Fleet (1981–1984), Commander of the Northern Fleet (1985–1988), First Deputy Civil Command of the Navy (1988–1992)

Born on January 10, 1928 in the Neklyudovka farm, Kasharsky district, Rostov region. Father - Kapitanets Matvey Gordeevich (1903–1945), participant in the Great Patriotic War. Mother - Kapitanets Fekla Stepanovna (1904–1985). Wife – Elena Petrovna Kapitanets (Odoevtseva) (born 1930), a siege survivor, a graduate of Leningrad State University, hydrological engineer, awarded the medal “For the Defense of Leningrad”. Son - Kapitanets Pavel Ivanovich (1959–1984).
During the period of the Stolypin agrarian reform, great-grandfather I.M. A captain on his father's side, Lazar bought land and with his family founded the Neklyudovka farm in the Kashary settlement area of ​​the Don Army region, where even now the ancestry of Ivan Matveyevich can be traced in his grandchildren and great-grandchildren. His mother Fyokla Stepanovna was from Kashar. Before the revolution, part of the purchased land had to be sold - there were not enough funds for its cultivation and improvement. They lived poorly. His father told Ivan how he had to work as a farm laborer to survive.
As a child, Ivan listened to his great-uncle's stories about the sea. My grandfather was a participant in the Russo-Japanese War, served on the battleship "Sisoi the Great", took part in the transition of the squadron and the Battle of Tsushima on May 14–15, 1905, where the ship was lost, and he himself was wounded, taken by force in the water and captured.
In 1935, Ivan entered the Kashar secondary school and studied well. From June to December 1942, the Kashar region was occupied by Nazi troops. In December 1942, the Germans tried to take Ivan and his peers over 14 years old to Germany, but a sudden breakthrough by Soviet troops thwarted their plans. During the difficult years of the Great Patriotic War, his mother insisted that Ivan continue his studies, and this allowed him to complete his tenth year.
After graduating from high school in 1945, Ivan, like many of his generation who saw and experienced the occupation and war, chose the military profession.
In 1946 I.M. The captain entered the Caspian Higher Naval School in the city of Baku. The school had first-class teachers - graduates of the naval corps, participants in the Russian-Japanese and Civil wars. Naval disciplines were easy for Ivan, but the cadets experienced difficulties in mastering general education subjects (higher mathematics, theoretical mechanics, etc.).
In 1946, for the first time, parallel officer classes were formed at the school, where naval officers who distinguished themselves in the war studied. These were twice Heroes of the Soviet Union, captain 2nd rank Shabalin and captain Leonov and Heroes of the Soviet Union, captain 2nd rank Gumanenko, senior lieutenants Polyakov, Vorobiev, Afanasiev and others. Joint study with war participants had a beneficial effect on the education of future officers and gave a lot to Ivan Kapitanets.
In 1950 I.M. The captain graduated from college with the military rank of “lieutenant” and was sent to the Northern Fleet, receiving an appointment as commander of an artillery combat unit on the destroyer “Grozny” (project 7u). At the end of 1950, he completed an internship in his position on the new destroyer of Project 30 bis, where within three months he passed the exam for admission to control the warhead and the ship's navigational watch. In the spring of 1951, he was appointed commander of the artillery combat unit of the destroyer "Winged", which was built in the city of Molotovsk.
At this time, the country was undergoing rapid development of the Navy - the first ten-year shipbuilding program (1946–1956) was carried out, during which cruisers, destroyers, diesel submarines and other ships were built. During the year, several brigades of ships of new designs were formed in the Northern Fleet, which caused a shortage of officers, although eight higher naval schools trained them.
Arriving in Molotovsk, in the 183rd brigade of ships under construction and repair, I.M. The captain ended up at Plant No. 402, where six destroyers were built in one year, and saw how the Northern Fleet's naval personnel were being created. The construction of destroyers was carried out in a large boathouse, where work was carried out on four ships at once in four positions. When ready, the ship was taken out for further completion to the wall of the plant.
On “Inspired” I.M. The captain served for more than five years. These were years of hard work, which became the beginning of Ivan Matveevich’s great naval career. As commander of a combat unit, he successfully carried out all artillery firing, which allowed him to be appointed, as a senior lieutenant, as senior assistant to the ship commander in 1953. Over the course of four campaigns, the ship accomplished all assigned tasks thanks to organized combat training.
1953 became a turning point for Ivan Matveevich not only in his service, but also in his personal life. On September 26, in Sevastopol, he married Elena Petrovna Odoevtseva, whom he met in absentia and corresponded with for more than six months. At this time, Elena Petrovna worked as a hydrologist in the weather bureau of the Black Sea Fleet. Life took on a new meaning. Now, returning from long trips to the pier, Ivan Matveevich knew that his beloved and loving person was waiting for him on the shore.
In 1956 I.M. The captain is sent to Leningrad to attend the Higher Special Officer Classes of the Navy, to the faculty of destroyer commanders. In 1957, after graduating with honors, he was appointed commander of the destroyer "Otryvysty" of the Northern Fleet, in 1958 - commander of the destroyer "Ostry" of the 121st brigade of destroyers, where he showed high leadership qualities, especially during the period of testing nuclear air explosions at Novaya Zemlya test site (October - November 1958).
In 1961, as a promising officer, I.M. The captain was sent to study at the Naval Academy (Leningrad), from which he successfully graduated in the command and staff, operational and tactical specialty and in 1964 was appointed chief of staff of the 176th brigade of reserve ships of the Northern Fleet. Of course, I wanted to get on the floating connection, but an order is an order.
The 176th brigade of reserve ships was part of the division of surface missile ships (division commander Rear Admiral Belyakov, then captain 1st rank Ya.M. Kudelkin). The division command engaged I.M. on a monthly basis. The captain to ensure that ships go to sea to provide support for young commanders, as well as for tactical exercises with combat exercises. In December 1965, he was appointed senior officer on the passage of the large anti-submarine ship "Fire" to Leningrad. This was I.M.’s first campaign. Kapitanets around the Scandinavian Peninsula through the Barents and Norwegian Seas, the Strait Baltic Zone and the Baltic Sea.
In 1966, captain 2nd rank I.M. The captain was appointed commander of the 170th destroyer brigade, which was part of the 7th operational squadron of the Northern Fleet and carried out combat service tasks in the North Atlantic. While commanding a brigade of destroyers, he achieved great success in the combat readiness of the formation's ships and high service organization.
In April 1967, the First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Admiral V.A., arrived at the fleet. Kasatonov with a group of officers to check the readiness of the formations for a visit by the country's leadership and select locations for basing nuclear submarines. The destroyer Nastoychivy was assigned to support the work. THEM. The captain and part of the staff supported this campaign. In May 1967, the destroyer "Nastoichivy" left for Sevastopol - Nikolaev for repairs and re-equipment. For captain 2nd rank I.M. This was the captain's first trip around Europe. With the passage of Cape San Vincente (Spain), the destroyer was controlled from the command post of the Black Sea Fleet.
On June 5, 1967, the seven-day Arab-Israeli war began. THEM. The captain was ordered to arrive at the Anti-Kythira Strait, take on board a landing party of cadets and be ready to land them in the port of Latakia (Syria) in order to protect Soviet citizens. He was appointed commander of a detachment of fire support ships. On June 7, in the Anti-Kythira Strait, the Persistent took 100 cadets on board, replenished supplies and departed for the rendezvous point with the Syrian ship in the Latakia region. However, already on June 9, the threat of an Israeli tank breakthrough from the Golan Heights region disappeared and the need for landing troops disappeared. There remained the threat of an attack on the naval bases of Baniyas, Tartus and Latakia, so the ship was faced with the task of carrying out radar patrol and issuing information about enemy forces at the command post of the Syrian Navy. For a month, the destroyer Nastoychivyy carried out patrol duty in the designated area. Then, for the duration of its combat service, the ship was assigned to the newly formed 5th Navy Squadron (Mediterranean Squadron). Fleet Admiral V.A. Kasatonov, who was involved in the formation of the squadron, left for Sevastopol at the end of June on the destroyer Nastoychivy. There, "Persistent" was transferred to the Black Sea Fleet.
In 1968, the Military Council of the Northern Fleet recommended a promising formation commander, Captain 1st Rank I.M. Captain to study at the Military Academy of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces at the command faculty.
In 1970, he graduated with honors from the academy in the command and staff operational-strategic specialty and was appointed chief of staff - deputy commander of the 5th Navy squadron in the Mediterranean (squadron commander Rear Admiral V.M. Leonenkov).
On September 1, 1970, on the Kotelnikov floating base, Captain 1st Rank I.M. The captain entered combat service, which lasted for him 900 days at sea during 1970–1973. In May 1972, he was awarded the military rank of “rear admiral”. The squadron headquarters constantly organized monitoring of the aircraft carriers of the US 6th Fleet, searched for nuclear submarines equipped with ballistic missiles of the US 16th Squadron and was ready to plan and conduct an operation to combat ship groups and disrupt communications. The squadron command annually conducted joint combat training activities with the Egyptian and Syrian navies.
A significant contribution to the development of the theory and practice of combat service were the “South” maneuvers, conducted in May 1971 under the leadership of the USSR Minister of Defense, Marshal of the Soviet Union A.A. Grechko. During the maneuvers, the combat service forces in the Mediterranean theater were faced with the task of carrying out continuous monitoring of all detected submarines and aircraft carriers of the “enemy” in order to practice the elements of a naval operation to combat naval groups, their massive search and tracking in order to neutralize and disrupt their attacks on USSR targets. . The Minister of Defense praised the actions of the squadron.
The effective independent activity of the deputy squadron commander in combat service was highly appreciated by the command, and in 1973 Rear Admiral I.M. The captain was appointed commander of the Kamchatka military flotilla.
In this position during 1973–1978, Rear Admiral I.M. The captain proved himself to be a skillful organizer of combat training of formations and units of the flotilla, providing and maintaining diverse forces in high combat readiness, arranging the basing of ships and personnel. In 1975, after successful participation in the Ocean-75 maneuvers, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for success in combat and political training and in connection with the 30th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War, the Kamchatka military flotilla was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, and I. M. Captain - Order of Lenin.
The ships of the flotilla carried out combat service in the Indian Ocean, the Bering and Okhotsk Seas and in the Kuril Islands zone and supported the operation of nuclear submarines in the North Pacific Ocean. Flotilla commander I.M. The captain, being the senior officer in the North-Eastern part of the Pacific Ocean, solved problems with attached nuclear submarines and naval missile-carrying aircraft to combat naval groups of a potential enemy and anti-landing defense of the coast in the flotilla's area of ​​responsibility.
In 1978, Vice Admiral I.M. The captain is appointed first deputy commander of the twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet. In the Baltic Fleet, located in the main strategic direction, the main task was to ensure close interaction with all branches of the Armed Forces. In this regard, the main attention was paid to airborne training. The main areas of activity of the first deputy commander were: control over the ship's personnel at sea, the effectiveness of missile firing, the fight against submarines, preparing fleet forces for amphibious landings, and supervising capital construction in the fleet. He led the fleet task force in front-line exercises of the Baltic Military District and supervised missile firing of the allied fleets. The Baltic Fleet also solved government problems in training foreign crews, accepting and sending ships to India, Libya, Algeria and Cuba.
Based on the results of training in 1979, the Baltic Fleet was recognized as the best among the fleets and military districts of the USSR.
In 1981, Vice Admiral I.M. The captain is appointed commander of the Baltic Fleet. He pays special attention to the combat readiness of naval units and formations and their ability to solve problems in fleet operations jointly with the naval forces of the People's Republic of Poland and the German Democratic Republic and in cooperation with ground forces in the coastal direction.
At the Zapad-81 strategic exercise under the leadership of Defense Minister D.F. Ustinova Vice Admiral I.M. The captain successfully completes the most difficult task of preparing and conducting a naval landing operation with the landing of 2.5 thousand personnel and 1.5 thousand units of various equipment on a front of 18 kilometers with 75 landing vehicles. For developing the theory of naval landing operations and putting it into practice during the exercise, he was awarded the Order of Nakhimov, 1st degree. This is the only time such an order has been awarded in the post-war period.
In 1982, the commander of the Baltic Fleet I.M. The captain was awarded the military rank of “admiral”. Being, according to the status of the Warsaw Pact, the commander of the United Baltic Fleet, which included the Baltic Fleet, the PPR Navy and the GDR Navy, he was engaged in preparing the forces of the Baltic Fleet for the first operation of the fleet and naval operations in cooperation with ground forces.
In January 1984, Admiral I.M. The captain is sent to the Higher Academic Courses at the Military Academy of the General Staff. In 1985, he was appointed commander of the largest fleet of the Soviet Union - the Northern. After 16 years, Ivan Matveevich returned to the fleet, which gave him a ticket to naval service. Here his naval leadership abilities were fully revealed.
During its combat service, the fleet explored new areas of the World Ocean. The command's main efforts were aimed at ensuring the deployment of nuclear submarines in the Atlantic to conduct naval operations against naval groups in the fleet's area of ​​responsibility and ensuring the combat stability of naval strategic nuclear forces. In particular, in 1987, the Northern Fleet carried out Operation Atrina with the aim of opening the patrol areas of nuclear submarines equipped with ballistic missiles of the NATO Navy in the Atlantic. During the operation, the nuclear submarine division completed a two-month joint cruise and confirmed the proposed patrol areas of nuclear submarines equipped with US and British ballistic missiles.
In 1987, the Northern Fleet took part in competitions for the Navy Championship, where it won 11 prizes out of 16 established by the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy. No fleet in the entire history of the competition has achieved such results.
On March 19, 1988, by order of the USSR Minister of Defense, Admiral I.M. The captain was appointed First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Navy V.N. Chernavina. In the same year he was awarded the highest naval rank - “Admiral of the Fleet”. As the successor of fleet admirals V.A. Kasatonov and N.I. Smirnova, Ivan Matveevich meets with them repeatedly, adopting the experience of these famous naval commanders in protecting the interests of the Navy at various levels.
An important point in the activities of I.M. The captain, as the First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, began to participate in negotiations with the US Secretary of Defense F. Carlucci, at which they discussed cooperation between the USSR and the USA in the military field on the basis of a statement by M.S. Gorbachev on the creation of an international security system. Subsequently, he had to participate in negotiations with military delegations from Italy, Holland, Finland and other states. Contacts were established with naval attaches of the USA, England, China, Turkey, Poland, Romania, Holland, and the GDR.
In 1989, Fleet Admiral I.M. The captain headed the commission to establish the causes of the death of the nuclear submarine K-278 Komsomolets and to develop a system for combating survivability on fleet ships. In 1989–1990, all fleets were tested during the summer and winter training periods. They were provided with significant assistance in the fight for the survivability of ships. The central departments of the Navy, the Central Design Bureau and Research Institutes, the Naval Academy and higher naval schools were also involved in this work.
Years of service I.M. Captain's visits to Moscow coincided with the collapse of the Soviet Union, when the navy and army were experiencing a severe crisis. In 1990, he worked on the government commission to resolve the complex relationship between the Baltic republics and the USSR (chairman of the commission is Vice-President of the USSR Academy of Sciences N. Laverov). He is assigned to deal with naval forces stationed in Estonia.
At the beginning of 1991, I.M. The captain continued to work as a representative of the USSR Minister of Defense D.T. Yazov in Estonia, where he was again sent with the task of preventing discrimination against the Russian population. Also in the early 1990s, he was sent to Ethiopia on a mission as a representative of the USSR Armed Forces.
In 1992, Fleet Admiral I.M. The captain was transferred to the reserve, having given 46 calendar years of service to the Navy. Behind him remained a number of dangerous situations in the World Ocean, from which Ivan Matveevich always emerged with honor, completing the assigned tasks and preserving the personnel and ships entrusted to him.
During the period of service I.M. The captain took a great part in public work. He was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Latvian SSR, and a deputy of the Kamchatka and Kaliningrad regional executive committees. He was elected as a candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee at the XXVII Party Congress, a member of the bureau of the Kamchatka, Kaliningrad and Murmansk regional committees of the CPSU.

Since 1992, Ivan Matveevich has been the chief specialist of the Marine Scientific Committee. He successfully combined his rich practical experience of serving in the Northern, Baltic and Pacific fleets of Russia with a deep scientific development of problems in the theory of the navy, the improvement and development of its combat and operational training, and its use in peacetime and wartime.

From 2008 until his last days, he was a leading analyst at the Office of Inspector General of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

THEM. The captain is the author of many articles on the theory of the navy, which were published in the Marine Collection and a number of newspapers. He has published 10 books dedicated to the Navy. Among them: “The Fleet in the Russo-Japanese War and the Present” (2004), “The Battle of the World Ocean in the Cold and Future Wars” (2002), “Strong Fleet – Strong Russia” (2006).
Admiral of the Fleet I.M. The captain was an honorary member of the Academy of Military Sciences (1995), head of the Naval Branch of the Academy of Military Sciences (2000). Prize winner A.V. Suvorov and V.S. Pikul for the scientific work “In the service of the ocean fleet, 1946-1992.” (Notes of the commander of 2 fleets)" (2002).
He was awarded the Order of Lenin (1975), Nakhimov, 1st degree (1981), Red Star (1967), “For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR”, 3rd degree (1988), Courage (1996), and many medals.

In the USSR Navy since 1946. He graduated from the Caspian Higher Naval School in 1950. After graduating from college, he was sent to the Northern Fleet, served as commander of the BC-2 (artillery warhead) on the destroyer "Grozny", from 1951 - commander of the BC-2 of the destroyer "Okrylenny", in 1953-1956 - senior assistant commander of the destroyer "Okrylenny" . In 1957 - student of the Higher Special Officer Classes of the Navy in Leningrad. He returned to the Northern Fleet again and was appointed commander of the destroyer Otryvysty, and from 1958 - commander of the destroyer Ostry (until 1961).

Graduated from the Naval Academy in 1964. Appointed chief of staff of the 176th brigade of reserve ships of the Northern Fleet in 1964. Since 1966 - commander of the 170th brigade of destroyers of the Northern Fleet. Graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff in 1970. From 1970 to 1973, he served as chief of staff - deputy commander of the 5th squadron of the Navy at the squadron's permanent location in the Mediterranean Sea. Rear Admiral (1972). Since 1973 - Commander of the Kamchatka Military Flotilla of the Pacific Fleet. Vice Admiral (1975).

Since 1978 - first deputy commander of the twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet. Since 1981 - Commander of the Baltic Fleet. Admiral (1982). Since February 1985 - Commander of the Northern Fleet. In March 1988 - appointed First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated September 4, 1988, he was awarded the military rank of fleet admiral. Since 1992 - retired.

Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 11th convocation (1984-1989). Candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee in 1986-1990. Deputy Director of the State Maritime Center under the Government of the Russian Federation. He also works at the Academy of Military Sciences, chairman of the Naval Branch of the Academy, honorary academician of the Academy of Military Sciences. Author of a number of articles and books on naval theory, including “In the Service of the Ocean Fleet”, “War at Sea”, “Naval Science and Modernity”, “Fleet in the Russian-Japanese War and Modernity”.

Awards

• Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" 3rd degree
• Medals
• Order of Courage (Russian Federation)
• Order of the Red Star
• Order of Nakhimov, 1st degree
• The order of Lenin

Russia Type of army Years of service Rank

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Commanded Awards and prizes Retired

Ivan Matveevich Kapitanets(born January 10, Neklyudovka farm, Kashar district, Rostov region, USSR) - Soviet military leader, fleet admiral.

Biography

Awards

• Order of Nakhimov, 1st degree
• Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" 3rd degree
• Order of Courage (Russian Federation)
• Medals

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Notes

Literature

• M. M. Thagapsov. In the service of the Fatherland. - Maykop: LLC "Quality", 2015. - P. 180-181. - 262 s. - 500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9703-0473-0.

Links

• Military encyclopedia in 8 volumes. M.: Military Publishing House, 1994-2004. - T.3.
• V. D. Dotsenko. Marine biographical dictionary. St. Petersburg: “LOGOS”, 1995. - P.385.

Top admirals of the USSR Fleet Admirals Soviet Union Fleet Admirals

Excerpt characterizing Kapitanets, Ivan Matveevich

- Come on, come on, what are you talking about? - whispered frightened voices. Dolokhov looked at Pierre with bright, cheerful, cruel eyes, with the same smile, as if he was saying: “But this is what I love.” “I won’t,” he said clearly.
Pale, with a trembling lip, Pierre tore off the sheet. “You... you... scoundrel!.. I challenge you,” he said, and moving his chair, he stood up from the table. At that very second that Pierre did this and uttered these words, he felt that the question of his wife’s guilt, which had been tormenting him these last 24 hours, was finally and undoubtedly resolved in the affirmative. He hated her and was forever separated from her. Despite Denisov’s requests that Rostov not interfere in this matter, Rostov agreed to be Dolokhov’s second, and after the table he talked with Nesvitsky, Bezukhov’s second, about the conditions of the duel. Pierre went home, and Rostov, Dolokhov and Denisov sat in the club until late in the evening, listening to gypsies and songwriters.
“So see you tomorrow, in Sokolniki,” said Dolokhov, saying goodbye to Rostov on the porch of the club.
- And are you calm? - asked Rostov...
Dolokhov stopped. “You see, I’ll tell you in a nutshell the whole secret of the duel.” If you go to a duel and write wills and tender letters to your parents, if you think that they might kill you, you are a fool and are probably lost; and you go with the firm intention of killing him, as quickly and surely as possible, then everything will be fine. As our Kostroma bear hunter used to tell me: how can one not be afraid of a bear? Yes, as soon as you see him, and the fear passes, as if it didn’t go away! Well, so am I. A demain, mon cher! [See you tomorrow, my dear!]
The next day, at 8 o’clock in the morning, Pierre and Nesvitsky arrived at the Sokolnitsky forest and found Dolokhov, Denisov and Rostov there. Pierre had the appearance of a man busy with some considerations that were not at all related to the upcoming matter. His haggard face was yellow. He apparently didn't sleep that night. He looked around absently and winced as if from the bright sun. Two considerations exclusively occupied him: the guilt of his wife, of which, after a sleepless night, there was no longer the slightest doubt, and the innocence of Dolokhov, who had no reason to protect the honor of a stranger to him. “Maybe I would have done the same in his place,” Pierre thought. I probably would have done the same thing; Why this duel, this murder? Either I kill him, or he will hit me in the head, elbow, knee. “Get out of here, run away, bury yourself somewhere,” came to his mind. But precisely in those moments when such thoughts came to him. With a particularly calm and absent-minded look, which inspired respect in those who looked at him, he asked: “Is it soon, and is it ready?”
When everything was ready, the sabers were stuck in the snow, indicating a barrier to which it was necessary to converge, and the pistols were loaded, Nesvitsky approached Pierre.
“I would not have fulfilled my duty, Count,” he said in a timid voice, “and would not have justified the trust and honor that you showed me by choosing me as your second, if at this important moment, a very important moment, I had not said tell you the whole truth. I believe that this matter does not have enough reasons, and that it is not worth shedding blood for it... You were wrong, not quite right, you got carried away...
“Oh yes, terribly stupid...” said Pierre.
“So let me convey your regret, and I am sure that our opponents will agree to accept your apology,” said Nesvitsky (like other participants in the case and like everyone else in similar cases, not yet believing that it would come to an actual duel) . “You know, Count, it is much nobler to admit your mistake than to bring matters to an irreparable point.” There was no resentment on either side. Let me talk...
- No, what to talk about! - said Pierre, - all the same... So it’s ready? - he added. - Just tell me where to go and where to shoot? – he said, smiling unnaturally meekly. “He picked up the pistol and began asking about the method of release, since he had not yet held a pistol in his hands, which he did not want to admit. “Oh yes, that’s it, I know, I just forgot,” he said.
“No apologies, nothing decisive,” Dolokhov said to Denisov, who, for his part, also made an attempt at reconciliation, and also approached the appointed place.
The place for the duel was chosen 80 steps from the road where the sleigh remained, in a small clearing of a pine forest, covered with snow that had melted from the thaws of the last few days. The opponents stood 40 paces from each other, at the edges of the clearing. The seconds, measuring their steps, laid traces, imprinted in the wet, deep snow, from the place where they stood to the sabers of Nesvitsky and Denisov, which meant a barrier and were stuck 10 steps from each other. The thaw and fog continued; for 40 steps nothing was visible. For about three minutes everything was ready, and yet they hesitated to start, everyone was silent.

- Well, let's start! - said Dolokhov.
“Well,” said Pierre, still smiling. “It was getting scary.” It was obvious that the matter, which began so easily, could no longer be prevented, that it went on by itself, regardless of the will of people, and had to be accomplished. Denisov was the first to step forward to the barrier and proclaimed:
- Since the “opponents” refused to “name”, would you like to begin: take pistols and, according to the word “t”, and begin to converge.
“G...”az! Two! T”i!...” Denisov shouted angrily and stepped aside. Both walked along the trodden paths closer and closer, recognizing each other in the fog. Opponents had the right, converging to the barrier, to shoot whenever they wanted. Dolokhov walked slowly, without raising his pistol, peering with his bright, shining, blue eyes into the face of his opponent. His mouth, as always, had the semblance of a smile.
- So when I want, I can shoot! - said Pierre, at the word three he walked forward with quick steps, straying from the well-trodden path and walking on solid snow. Pierre held the pistol with his right hand extended forward, apparently afraid that he might kill himself with this pistol. He carefully put his left hand back, because he wanted to support his right hand with it, but he knew that this was impossible. Having walked six steps and strayed off the path into the snow, Pierre looked back at his feet, again quickly looked at Dolokhov, and, pulling his finger, as he had been taught, fired. Not expecting such a strong sound, Pierre flinched from his shot, then smiled at his own impression and stopped. The smoke, especially thick from the fog, prevented him from seeing at first; but the other shot he was waiting for did not come. Only Dolokhov’s hurried steps were heard, and his figure appeared from behind the smoke. With one hand he held his left side, with the other he clutched the lowered pistol. His face was pale. Rostov ran up and said something to him.

Main events

The Great Patriotic War

Top career

Admiral of the Fleet, First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy

Order of Courage,

The order of Lenin,

Order of the October Revolution,

Order of Nakhimov, 1st degree,

Ivan Matveevich Kapitanets- former admiral of the USSR Navy, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy. Now he is one of the leading analysts of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the author of several well-known books and articles on the topic of the navy.

Childhood

Childhood

Ivan Matveevich Kapitanets was born in the Nelyudovka farmstead. Father (Matvey Gordeevich Kapitanets) was a skilled blacksmith,
mother (Fekla Stepanovna) worked on a collective farm. As a child, Ivan Matveevich loved stories
great-uncle about the sea and ships.
These stories had a great influence on the choice of future profession.

Grandfather was a participant in the Russian-Japanese War, served on the battleship "Sisoi the Great", took part in the transition of the squadron
and the Battle of Tsushima on May 14-15, 1905, where the ship was lost, and he himself was wounded and captured.
Ivan Matveevich studied at Kashar secondary school, from June to December

In 1942, the Kashar region was occupied by German troops. In December 1942, Ivan and his peers
The Germans tried to take children over 14 years old to Germany, but a sudden breakthrough by Soviet troops thwarted their plans.
During the Great Patriotic War, his mother insisted that Ivan continue his studies, and this allowed him
finish the ten-year school. In 1945, after successfully completing the 10th grade, he entered the Caspian Higher
Naval School in Baku. Participants of the Russian-Japanese and civil wars taught at the school.

Career

Career

Upon completion of training (in 1950), he served in the Northern Fleet as an artillery commander
warhead on the destroyer "Grozny"

At the end of 1950, he completed an internship in his position on the new destroyer of Project 30 bis,
where, within three months, he passed the exam for admission to control the warhead and the navigational watch of the ship.
In the spring of 1951, he was appointed commander of the artillery combat unit of the destroyer “Inspired”,
which was built in the city of Molotovsk.
I.M. Kapitanets served on the “Inspired” for more than five years. Those were years of hard work
which became the beginning of Ivan Matveevich’s great naval journey. As commander of a combat unit
he successfully completed all artillery firing, which allowed him to be appointed senior lieutenant in 1953
- senior assistant to the ship's commander. Over the course of four campaigns, the ship accomplished all assigned tasks.
thanks to organized combat training.

1956-1957 Kapitanets is a student of the Higher Special Officer Classes, and in 1961-1964
is studying at the Naval Academy.
After graduating from the Academy, he was appointed to the position of chief of staff of the 176th brigade of reserve ships of the Northern Fleet.

In April 1967, the First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Admiral V.A. Kasatonov, arrived at the fleet with a group of officers with
with the aim of checking the readiness of the formations for a visit by the country's leadership and selecting locations for basing nuclear submarines.
The destroyer Nastoychivy was assigned to support the work. I.M. Kapitanets with part of the headquarters supported this campaign.

In May 1967, the destroyer "Nastoichivy" left for Sevastopol - Nikolaev for repairs and re-equipment.
For captain 2nd rank I.M. Kapitanets, this was the first trip around Europe. With the passage of Cape San Vincente (Spain)
The destroyer was controlled from the command post of the Black Sea Fleet.

On June 5, 1967, the seven-day Arab-Israeli war began. I.M. Captain was ordered to arrive at the Strait of Anti-Kythira,
take on board a landing party of cadets and be ready to disembark them in the port of Latakia (Syria) in order to protect Soviet citizens.
He was appointed commander of a detachment of fire support ships. On June 7, in the Anti-Kythira Strait, "Nastoichivy" took on board
100 cadets, replenished supplies and departed for the meeting point with the Syrian ship in the Latakia area.
However, already on June 9, the threat of an Israeli tank breakthrough from the Golan Heights region disappeared and the need for landing troops disappeared.
There remained a threat of attack on the naval bases of Baniyas, Tartus and Latakia, so the ship was faced with the task of carrying
radar patrol and issuing information about enemy forces at the command post of the Syrian Navy.
For a month, the destroyer Nastoychivyy carried out patrol duty in the designated area.
Then, for the duration of its combat service, the ship was assigned to the newly formed 5th Navy Squadron (Mediterranean Squadron).
Fleet Admiral V.A. Kasatonov, who was involved in the formation of the squadron, left for Sevastopol at the end of June on the destroyer “Nastoichivy”.
There, "Persistent" was transferred to the Black Sea Fleet.

1968-1970 - training at the Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR.
Immediately after graduating from the academy (from 1970 to 1973), he held the position of chief of staff - deputy
commander of the 5th squadron of the Navy (Northern Fleet)

Commanded the Kamchatka military flotilla of the Pacific Fleet for five years (1973-1978)

From 1978 to 1981 he was first deputy commander of the Baltic Fleet, from 1981 to 1985 he was commander
twice by the Red Banner Baltic Fleet.

From 1985 to 1988, I.M. Kapitanets headed the Northern Fleet.

From 1988 to 1992, Ivan Matveevich Kapitanets was the first deputy commander-in-chief of the USSR Navy.

In 1972 he received the rank of rear admiral, in 1975 - vice admiral and in 1982 - admiral of the fleet.
Ivan Matveevich Kapitanets was awarded for success in service and fulfillment of tasks for the protection of sea borders
Orders of Lenin, Nakhimov 1st degree, Red Star, “For Service to the Motherland in the USSR Armed Forces” 3rd degree and 18 medals.

Since 1995, I. M. Kapitanets has been an honorary academician of the Academy of Military Sciences. He is also the author of a number of articles
on the theory and history of the fleet. He was a member of the commission for the preparation and holding of the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the Russian Fleet.
Ivan Matveevich Kapitanets is still in military service. He participates in the development of Russian naval doctrine,
shares experience and knowledge with the new generation of Russian naval officers, and is engaged in research work.

Since 2008, he has been a leading analyst at the Office of Inspector General of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

Family

Family

On September 26, 1953, Kapitanets Ivan Matveevich marries Elena Petrovna Odoevtseva.
Before this, he corresponds with his beloved for more than six months.
In 1959, Ivan Matveevich and Elena Petrovna had a son, Pavel, who, like his wife, Ivan Matveevich would outlive.
Relatives of Ivan Matveevich Kapitanets:

1. Father Matvey Gordeevich Kapitanets (1903-1945) - participant in the Great Patriotic War, skilled blacksmith
2. Mother Kapitanets Fekla Stepanovna (1904-1985)
3. Odoevtsev’s wife Elena Petrovna (1930-) - Siege survivor, awarded a medal for “For the Defense of Leningrad”
4. Son Kapitanets Pavel Ivanovich (1959-1984)

Personal characteristics according to the memoirs of contemporaries

As an officer, Ivan Matveyevich Kapitanets is distinguished by his deep and versatile education, extraordinary organizational skills, outlook and
ability to work with personnel.

Loss. On September 25, 2018, at the age of 91, former First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy, leading analyst of the Office of Inspectors General of the Russian Ministry of Defense, Admiral of the Fleet KAPITANETS Ivan Matveevich, died.

THEM. Kapitanets was born on January 10, 1928 on the Neklyudovka farm in the Rostov region. In 1942-1943 he survived the German occupation during the Great Patriotic War. He graduated from high school in Kashar in 1945.

In the Navy since 1946. He graduated from the Caspian Higher Naval School in 1950. After graduating from college, he was sent to the Northern Fleet, served as commander of the BC-2 (artillery warhead) on the destroyer "Grozny", from 1951 - commander of the BC-2 of the destroyer "Okrylenny", in 1953-1956 - senior assistant commander of the destroyer "Okrylenny" .

In 1957, he was a student at the Higher Special Officer Classes of the Navy in Leningrad. He returned to the Northern Fleet again and was appointed commander of the destroyer Otryvysty, and from 1958 - commander of the destroyer Ostry (until 1961). In 1958, he carried out combat missions to support nuclear weapons testing at the Novaya Zemlya test site.

Graduated from the Naval Academy in 1964. Appointed chief of staff of the 176th brigade of reserve ships of the Northern Fleet in 1964. From 1966 to 1968 - commander of the 170th separate brigade of destroyers of the Northern Fleet. During the Arab-Israeli War in October 1967, he took on board a landing force of marines and, on alert, moved to the coast of Syria in case of a breakthrough of Israeli troops deep into the country and the evacuation of Soviet citizens.

He graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR named after K. E. Voroshilov in 1970. From 1970 to 1973, he served as chief of staff - deputy commander of the 5th Mediterranean squadron of the Navy at the squadron's permanent location in the Mediterranean Sea.

Since 1973 - commander of the Kamchatka flotilla of heterogeneous forces of the Pacific Fleet. Under his command, the flotilla was repeatedly recognized as the best formation of the USSR Navy and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

Since 1978 - First Deputy Commander of the Baltic Fleet. Since February 1981 - Commander of the Baltic Fleet. His actions during the Zapad-81 strategic military exercises were recognized as particularly successful.

Since February 1985 - Commander of the Northern Fleet. In March 1988, he was appointed First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated September 4, 1988, he was awarded the military rank of fleet admiral.

At the end of 1980 - beginning of 1990, he participated in the work of government delegations in negotiations with Estonia and other Baltic states as a military expert advisor. In 1992, he was a member of the State Commission for the creation of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Retired since 1992.

Deputy of the Council of the Union of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 11th convocation (1984-1989) from the Kaliningrad region. Deputy of the Supreme Council of the Lithuanian SSR (1979-1984). Deputy of the Kamchatka and Kaliningrad regional executive committees of the Councils of People's Deputies. Candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee in 1986-1990. At various times he was a member of the bureau of the Kaliningrad, Kamchatka and Murmansk regional committees of the CPSU.

Lived in Moscow. He continued active government, social and scientific activities. In 1994-1996 - Deputy Director of the State Maritime Center under the Government of the Russian Federation. In 2013-2015, he was a member of the scientific council under the Security Council of the Russian Federation.

He also worked at the Academy of Military Sciences, since 2000 - Chairman of the Naval Branch of the Academy, Honorary Academician of the Academy of Military Sciences (1995). Full member of the Academy of Geopolitical Problems (2001). Author of a number of articles and books on naval theory.

From 2008 until his last days, he was a leading analyst at the Office of Inspector General of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

Ivan Matveevich Kapitanets died on September 25, 2018 after a long illness. He was buried with military honors on September 28, 2018 at the Troekurovskoye cemetery.

For services to the Fatherland, Admiral of the Fleet I.M. The captain was awarded the Order of Lenin, Nakhimov, 1st degree, Red Star, Courage, “For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR,” 3rd degree, and many medals.

In all positions, Ivan Matveevich Kapitanets proved himself to be a highly professional, demanding, fair leader and mentor. The life of Ivan Matveevich will remain an example for younger generations of military sailors. The bright memory of him will live in our hearts.

Members of the Board of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation,
commanders-in-chief of the branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation,
commanders of military branches, Navy veterans