Winged expressions from the story of the undergrowth. Aphorisms are immature. A catchphrase from the poem “To My Mind”

It is in vain to call a doctor to the sick without healing. The doctor won’t help you here unless you get infected yourself. Starodum

Follow nature, you will never be poor. Follow people's opinions and you will never be rich. Starodum

Cash is not cash worth. Starodum

According to my calculations, the rich man is not the one who counts out money in order to hide it in a chest, but the one who counts out what he has in excess in order to help someone who does not have what he needs. Starodum

I know, I know that a person cannot be an angel. You don't even have to be a devil. Starodum

From morning to evening, like someone hanged by the tongue, I don’t lay down my hands: I scold, I fight; This is how the house holds together, my father! Prostakova

Live and learn, my dear friend! Such a thing. Prostakova

I have a mother's heart. Have you ever heard of a bitch giving away her puppies? Prostakova

We don’t regret the last crumbs, just to teach our son everything! Prostakova

Once you find the money, don’t share it with anyone. Take it all for yourself, Mitrofanushka. Prostakova

Without sciences people live and lived. Prostakova

With your eyes, mine see nothing. Prostakov

It’s a strange thing, brother, how family can resemble family! Prostakov

I am my wife's husband. Prostakov

Guilty without guilt. Prostakov

I don't want to study, I want to get married. Mitrofan

I have been serving for forty years, but the mercy is still the same. Eremeevna

I see the difference between appearing happy and actually being happy. Sophia

If I weren’t Taras Skotinin, if not every fault is my fault. Skotinin

I have such a custom that if I get into my head, I can’t knock it out with a nail. Skotinin

You can’t beat your betrothed with a horse, darling! Skotinin

And our brother lives like this forever. Don't do things, don't run away from things. Tsyfirkin

The famous play by Fonvizin, perhaps ardently disliked by some for being compulsory in the school curriculum, actually found its way into literature courses for a reason. And there are several reasons for this. For example, the names of the main characters have become household names since the writing of this work. It is difficult to find a schoolchild who is not familiar with Mitrofanushka. Few may remember Prostakov, Starodum or Tsyfirkin, but the phrases of these characters plow the expanses of the native “great and mighty”. Let's look at some catchphrases from the comedy "The Minor."

I do not want to study...

Of course, the most famous morality, which immediately went down among the people, and is still found in spoken language today, not to mention numerous works by various authors, is the phrase “I don’t want to study, I want to get married.” And, apparently, the point is not even in the capacity of satire, which Fonvizin skillfully incorporated into a seemingly banal maxim. Many of the catchphrases from the story “The Minor” are brief in their incredible capacity. But this one perfectly emphasizes the narrow-mindedness of a character who symbolizes an entire generation dying in its primitivism, gross ignorance and hoarding.

This expression focuses attention on the pettiness in which the then class of feudal landowners was mired. However, if we take a closer look at the modern environment, we can easily find many examples of such an attitude towards life, when the highest ideal for a person is not to benefit society, but a consumer attitude to life, in which the main thing is to deceive one’s neighbor and then "warm up" Therefore, the catchphrases from the comedy “The Minor,” used more than two centuries ago, still resonate in the hearts of people who “don’t care,” who look around and see that there are still many things in society that need improvement.

Live forever...

The list goes on. In general, the catchphrases from the comedy “The Minor,” which travel in the language even of our time, can be classified as “important to know and understand.” Next in consideration is the phrase “Live forever, learn forever.” Again, it is difficult to find a person who has not heard this maxim, simple in its genius. To be completely honest, Fonvizin is not the author of this phrase, but how skillfully he used it in context! You can't say anything, master. Moreover, he is a master in such a difficult field as satire, for which we should give him doubly credit.

Comedy feature

In general, the main feature of the play is the author’s extensive use of folklore. Apparently, this is why many catchphrases from the comedy “The Minor” can no longer be separated from the popular language. They are closely intertwined - Fonvizin's bright solutions and folklore tricks - in this wonderful work, which for some reason schoolchildren do not like so much.

This mixture is clearly visible even in modern language. It seems that these are combinations invented by the people over centuries of polishing and working with their native language. “Guilty without guilt”, “dream in hand”, “ends in the water”, “remember your name.” It would seem that all these are examples of Russian folk, but no - this is how Maestro Fonvizin sets the tone for the modern language. This is one of the most remarkable features of this work, which is the highlight of the entire greatest legacy of Russian literature in world art.

A little about the characters

And let’s not forget, of course, about the main characters of the play “The Minor.” Winged expressions that went from here to the people, into colloquial and even literary languages, are pronounced by certain personalities, which are so skillfully and vividly described by a wonderful writer. A few words about them.

Like any satire, “The Minor,” quotes from which, by the way, have already become truly popular, is imbued with contempt for heroes who symbolize the shortcomings of entire classes. Yes, they turned out to be the brightest and most prominent, and it is to them that the author’s maximum attention is devoted. I would like to say more about them when analyzing the work. This is also caused by the involuntary idealization of the positive characters of the play. And although there is reliable information that Fonvizin wrote them from people known to history, they are not as memorable as the nasty Prostakovs or Skotinins. Although they exist, and they also give out maxims that have remained for centuries. But it is the bad heroes who are retained by memory.

Conclusion

The wonderful comedy “The Minor,” the catchphrases from which became the subject of a short discussion within the article, leaves an extremely positive impression. Firstly, this is unveiled satire aimed at exposing ignorance and unprofessionalism in activity and in life. What is relevant to this day and, perhaps, will be relevant for quite a long time. Secondly, it is a storehouse of phraseological units, formed under the influence of the living Russian language. The fusion of Fonvizin's literary genius and popular influence gives us a unique work that can safely be called a masterpiece. If the reader happened to study it under the strict sights of a literature teacher, and it did not leave such an impression, then it is strongly recommended to re-read it. Because now it will definitely please you.

Fonvizin’s satirical work remains relevant to this day. The names of the main characters Mitrofan, Prostakova, Skotinin became household names, and phrases from the comedy became catchphrases. Quotes characterizing the heroes of the comedy “Minor” will help the reader better understand what a particular character in this work is like. Some quotes have become quite firmly established in everyday speech, thanks to their brightness, capacity and topicality.

Famous phrases from comedy

“I don’t want to study, I want to get married.” Mitrofan's phrase addressed to his mother. In life, it is applied to those young people who have the wind in their heads. Whose life is nothing but entertainment and pleasure. None of them even thinks about studying or working.

“And then you’ll get married.” Having entered into a marriage union on mutually beneficial terms, you no longer have to worry about your future. A kind of marriage of convenience, not love.

“Don’t do business, don’t run away from business.” This is what they say about those people who are irresponsible about their work and only create the appearance of it in the workplace.

“Cash is not cash worth.” Having money does not mean anything, and even more so cannot automatically make a person good in the eyes of others.

“I ate too much henbane.” This phrase can be applied to those people who commit inappropriate actions, stupid things that cannot be rationally explained.

QUOTES BY CHARACTERS

Pravdin

The direct dignity in man is the soul.

I was born in Moscow, if you need to know, and my villages are in the local governorship.

Excuse me, madam. I never read letters without the permission of those to whom they are written.

Moreover, from my own heart’s struggle, I do not allow myself to notice those malicious ignoramuses who, having complete power over their people, use it inhumanly for evil.

I am striving, however, to soon put limits on the wife’s malice and the husband’s stupidity. I have already notified our boss about all the local barbarities and I have no doubt that measures will be taken to calm them down.

I have been instructed to take charge of the house and villages at the first rabies from which the people under her control could suffer.

I apologize for leaving you.

When only your cattle can be happy, then your wife will have bad peace from them and from you.

Starodum

An ignoramus without a soul is a beast.

All of Siberia is not enough for the whims of one person.

The direct dignity in man is the soul. Without her, the most enlightened, clever woman is a pitiful creature.

An honest person must be a completely honest person

Not the rich man who counts out money in order to hide it in a chest, but the one who counts out his extra money in order to help someone who does not have what he needs.

Everyone must seek his happiness and benefits in that one thing that is lawful.

Have a heart, have a soul, and you will be a man at all times.

I left the court without villages, without a ribbon, without ranks, but I brought mine home intact, my soul, my honor, my rules.

It is much more honest to be treated without guilt than to be rewarded without merit.

Milo

I see and honor virtue, adorned with enlightened reason.

I am in love and have the happiness of being loved.

The judge who, fearing neither revenge nor the threats of the strong, gave justice to the helpless, is a hero in my eyes.

At my age and in my position, it would be unforgivable arrogance to consider everything deserved with which worthy people encourage a young man.

Sophia

Uncle! My true happiness is that I have you. I know the price.

I will use all my efforts to earn the good opinion of worthy people.

How many sorrows have I endured since the day of our separation! My unscrupulous relatives.

I was now reading a book... French. Fenelon, about the education of girls.

Mitrofanushka

I don’t want to study, I want to get married!

Yes, all sorts of rubbish came into my head, then you are a father, then you are a mother.

He ate too much henbane.

I'll study; just let it be the last time and let there be an agreement today!

Well, say another word, you old bastard! I'll finish them off.

Let go, mother, how you imposed yourself!

For me, where they tell me!

The ranks begin, and sincerity ceases.

At that time there were few ways to learn, and they still didn’t know how to fill an empty head with someone else’s mind.

My father constantly repeated the same thing to me: have a heart, have a soul, and you will be a man at all times. There is fashion for everything else: fashion for minds, fashion for knowledge, like fashion for buckles and buttons.

My rule is: don’t start anything in the first movement.

Ranks are often begged for, but true respect must be earned; that it is much more honest to be bypassed without guilt than to be rewarded without merit.

It is in vain to call a doctor to the sick without healing. The doctor won’t help you here unless you get infected yourself.

Nothing tormented my heart more than innocence in the networks of deceit. I have never been so pleased with myself as when I happened to snatch prey from the hands of vice.

Follow nature, you will never be poor. Follow people's opinions and you will never be rich.

Children? Leave wealth to children! Not in my head. They will be smart, they will manage without him; and wealth is no help to a stupid son.

Cash is not cash worth.

And only those who are in rank not by money, and in the nobility not by rank, are worthy of spiritual respect.

Know that they never wish evil upon those whom they despise, but usually wish evil upon those who have the right to despise.

People envy more than just wealth, more than just nobility: and virtue also has its envious people. They try with all their might to corrupt the innocent heart in order to humiliate it to themselves; and the mind, which has not had a test, is deceived to the point of placing its happiness in something that is not necessary.

Know that conscience, like a friend, always warns before punishing like a judge.

According to my calculations, the rich man is not the one who counts out money in order to hide it in a chest, but the one who counts out what he has in excess in order to help someone who does not have what he needs.

The mind, if it is only the mind, is the most trifle. Good behavior gives him a direct price. Without it, an intelligent person is a monster.

Just, perhaps, don’t have love for your husband that resembles friendship. Have a friendship for him that would be like love. It will be much stronger.

In human ignorance, it is very comforting to consider everything that you don’t know to be nonsense.

A flatterer is a creature who does not have a good opinion not only of others, but also of himself. All his aspirations are to first blind a person’s mind, and then make of him what he needs. He is a night thief who will first put out the candle and then begin to steal.

I know, I know that a person cannot be an angel. You don't even have to be a devil.

I present to you a review catchphrases from the work “The Minor” by D.I. Fonvizina .

There are a lot of them total 5, with the addition of one expression from “To My Mind.”

In principle, it would be possible to include more expressions from “Nedoroslya”, but here if they were winged , i.e. do they continue to be used in our living speech?

Catchphrases from the comedy “The Minor”

• I don't want to study, I want to get married
• Guilty without guilt
• Sissy
• Fearing the abyss of wisdom
• Evil worthy fruits

A catchphrase from the poem “To My Mind”

• You want to correct local customs, you want to reduce the number of fools in Russia

Usually, the further a writer is from us, the fewer of his catchphrases (catchphrases, author's phraseological units) remain in colloquial speech. In this regard, Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin (1744-1792) managed to be well remembered by the Russian people and some of his expressions by everyone well known. For example, “mama’s boy” or “I don’t want to study, I want to get married.”

It can be stated that in terms of popularity and quantity, catchphrases from “The Minor” are not so far behind catchphrases from Griboyedov’s “Woe from Wit” or catchphrases from Chekhov’s plays.

By the way, imagine now that Russia will be ruled by a woman, that she will correspond freely with the best philosophical and political minds of her time from other countries, and that she will conduct a public debate about the proper governance of the country with an opposition writer and publicist in one of the Russian magazines.

And this opposition writer will write and publish works that sharply criticize the practice and results of governing the country. And for fresh ideas, go to advanced Western countries.

Agree, even for our time it all looks pretty boldly. Nevertheless, this is a fairly truthful description of the relationship between Catherine II and Fonvizin.

The reign of Catherine II was marked by the active development of Russian literature, theater and other arts. But the fates of the writers of that era developed differently (as, indeed, in other eras). The fate of Fonvizin turned out to be not as prosperous as Derzhavin’s (by the way, Derzhavin’s phraseological units), but also not as tragic as Radishchev’s.

If it weren’t for serfdom and Catherine II’s somewhat petty ban on Fonvizin’s new publications and his publication of his journal after the above controversy, then everything described would seem completely amazing.