L.N. Tolstoy. "War and Peace" The best moments of Prince Andrey's life. Happy minutes in the life of Andrei Bolkonsky The last minutes of the life of Andrei Bolkonsky

According to some estimates, there are more than five hundred characters in Leo Tolstoy's novel War and Peace. But, despite this, the author manages on the pages of his book not only to reveal the character of the heroes, but also their path to the formation of personality. As a course of life, moral and spiritual development make his characters constantly re-examine and question their own views and beliefs. The most striking example of constant quest is one of the main characters of the epic novel - Prince Andrei Bolkonsky.

The life of Andrei Bolkonsky can be divided into six stages. At the beginning of the work, he appears before the reader as a vain and ambitious young man. He is burdened by family and social life. He dreams of feats and glory. Bolkonsky is obsessed with his ambitious aspirations. He decides to leave his pregnant wife in the care of his father to go to war. However, participation in the battle of Austerlitz brings only disappointment to the prince, the collapse of ideals, as well as a new understanding of life. A terrible wound makes you reconsider your values. What not so long ago seemed so great and desirable to him has become insignificant and meaningless. Now the prince is pleased with the most common grass under his feet and the sky over his head. He has no desire to die. Bolkonsky came to the understanding that he loves life and longs for it. And for him it became just a senseless carnage.

From the moment Bolkonsky was wounded near Austerlitz, the second stage of his life begins. He returns to his estate only after long-term treatment and captivity. At the same time, his son Nikolai is born. However, such a joyous event is overshadowed by a huge loss. During childbirth, the beloved wife of the prince dies. He will never forget her last reproachful look. Eyes with a question frozen in them throughout his future life will haunt, torment and burden.

After the funeral of his wife, Prince Bolkonsky decides to settle in Bogucharov and take care of his son. He focuses on the daily chores of country life. And copes with them pretty well. Prince Andrew implements progressive ideas that were unthinkable for his contemporaries or remained just a dream. He sets some of his peasants free and gives them land. And to others he replaces corvee with quitrent. However, even this way of life does not make Bolkonsky happy. Nothing pleases the prince. His gaze becomes listless and dull.

The third stage of our hero's life began from the moment he met Speransky. After a long retirement, Bolkonsky went to Petersburg. Their meeting and acquaintance took place there. Speransky was one of the most influential men in Russia. A logical mindset and sober calculation favorably distinguished him from other compatriots. The fate of almost the entire country was concentrated in Speransky's hands. Bolkonsky considered him a sane person, the perfect embodiment of a man, to whom he himself aspired. But the prince managed to recognize in time all the illusion and falsity of Speransky's judgments, as well as the complete absence of spiritual values ​​in his worldview.

After another disappointment, only young Natalya Rostova was able to ignite the spark of life in Andrei Bolkonsky. She awakened in him feelings and emotions, which, as it seemed to him, had long since decayed in his heart. Thanks to her, he recovered from moral and physical apathy. She opened to him a special world filled with joy and dreams. Bolkonsky had already begun to dream of a happy future, as betrayal and the collapse of hopes awaited him.

Despite the earlier decision, the break with Natasha Rostova, as well as the new invasion of Napoleon, determined the prince's desire to join the army. He refused the offer to stay at the headquarters of the sovereign. Bolkonsky was convinced that only serving in the army would make him useful to the people. And at this, fifth, stage of life, ordinary soldiers played the main role in the spiritual renewal of the prince. He was given command of a regiment, where Bolkonsky won universal love and trust. However, at the Borodino field, Prince Andrei was seriously wounded, which became the reason for the termination of his vigorous activity. But even during illness, in hours of physical suffering and delirium, he continues to think. Prince Andrew painfully ponders about real all-forgiving love. Having passed the path of long searches and suffering, he comes to an understanding of simple Christian truths.

During the hours of a serious illness Natalya Rostova was next to Bolkonsky. She selflessly looked after him. However, the prince did not recover from his illness. He had a dream in which he fought for life, but death was stronger. This vision became a turning point for our hero. He gave up and died. However, throughout his life Bolkonsky strove to be useful to the people. An inquisitive and sober mind was always inherent in his personality, spiritual appearance. He devoted his whole life to the struggle for happiness, but a tragic death interrupted these long searches.

All the best moments of his life were suddenly recalled to him ...
... It is necessary that my life was not for me alone ...
L. N. Tolstoy
The life of every person is full of events, sometimes tragic, sometimes alarming, sometimes sad, sometimes joyful. There are moments of inspiration and despondency, takeoff and mental weakness, hopes and disappointments, joy and grief. Which ones are considered the best? The simplest answer is happy. But is this always the case?
Recall the famous, always exciting new scene from War and Peace. Prince Andrew, who lost faith in life, refused

From the dream of glory, painfully experiencing his guilt before his deceased wife, he stopped at the transformed spring oak, amazed by the power and vitality of the tree. And "all the best moments of his life were suddenly recalled to him: Austerlitz with a high sky, and the dead reproachful face of his wife, and Pierre on the ferry, and this girl, agitated by the beauty of the night, and this night, and the moon ..."
The most tragic, and not at all joyful moments of his life (not counting the night in Otradnoye), Bolkonsky recalls and calls them “the best”. Why? Because, according to Tolstoy, a real person lives in a tireless search for thought, in constant dissatisfaction with himself and the desire for renewal.
We know that Prince Andrew went to war, because life in the big world seemed meaningless to him. He dreamed of "human love", of the glory that he would win on the battlefield. And now, having accomplished the feat, Andrei Bolkonsky, seriously wounded, lies on Pratsen Hill. He sees his idol - Napoleon, hears his words about himself: "What a wonderful death!" But at this moment Napoleon seems to him a little gray man, and his own dreams of glory are petty and insignificant. Here, under the high skies of Austerlitz, Prince Andrey, it seems to him, is discovering a new truth: one must live for oneself, for the family, for the future son.
Miraculously surviving, he returns home refreshed, with the hope of a happy personal life. And here - a new blow: during childbirth the little princess dies, and the reproachful expression of her dead face will haunt Prince Andrew for a very long time. “To live avoiding only these two evils - remorse and illness - that's all my wisdom now,” he will say to Pierre during their memorable meeting at the ferry. After all, the crisis caused by participation in the war and the death of his wife turned out to be very difficult and prolonged.
But the principle of “living for oneself” could not satisfy such a person as Andrei Bolkonsky. It seems to me that in a dispute with Pierre, Prince Andrew, not admitting this to himself, wants to hear arguments against such a position in life. He does not agree with his friend (after all, difficult people are the Bolkonsky father and son!), But something has changed in his soul, as if the ice has broken. "The meeting with Pierre was for Prince Andrew the era from which, although in appearance it is the same, but in the inner world, his new life."
But this firm and courageous man does not immediately give up. And the meeting with the spring oak on the way to Otradnoye seems to confirm his bleak thoughts. This old, gnarled oak, standing as an “angry freak” “between smiling birches”, seemed not to want to blossom and be covered with new leaves. And Bolkonsky sadly agrees with him: "Yes, he is right, this oak is right a thousand times ... let others, young people, again succumb to this deception, but we know life - our life is over!"
Andrei Bolkonsky is 31 years old, and still ahead, but he is sincerely convinced that "nothing to start ... it is not necessary that he should live out his life without doing evil, without worrying and not wanting anything." However, Prince Andrew, without knowing it, was already ready to be resurrected in soul. And the meeting with Natasha seemed to renew him, sprinkled him with living water.
After an unforgettable night in Otradnoye, Bolkonsky looks around him with different eyes - and the old oak tells him something completely different. Now, when “no gnarled fingers, no sores, no old grief and distrust - nothing was visible,” Bolkonsky, admiring the oak tree, arrives at the thoughts that Pierre, seemingly unsuccessfully instilled in him at the ferry: “It is necessary that everything they knew me so that my life would not go on for me alone ... so that it would be reflected on everyone and so that they would all live with me ”. As if dreams of glory are returning, but (here it is, “the dialectic of the soul”!) Not about glory for oneself, but about socially useful activity.
As an energetic and decisive person, he travels to St. Petersburg to be useful to people. There, new disappointments await him: the stupid misunderstanding of his military regulations by Arakcheev, the unnaturalness of Speransky, in which Prince Andrei expected to find "the complete perfection of human dignity."
At this time, Natasha enters into his fate, and with her - new hopes for happiness. Probably those minutes when he confesses to Pierre: “I have never experienced anything like this ... I have not lived before. Now only I live, but I cannot live without her, ”- Prince Andrey could also call the best.
And again everything collapses: both hopes for reform activities and love. Despair again. There is no more faith in life, in people, in love. It seems that he will never recover. But the Patriotic War begins, and Bolkonsky realizes that a common misfortune hangs over him and his people. Perhaps the best moment of his life has come: he understands what is necessary for his homeland, the people, that his place is with them. He thinks and feels the same way as “Timokhin and the whole army”. Tolstoy does not consider his mortal wound on the Borodino field, and his death senseless: Prince Andrei gave his life for his homeland. He, with his sense of honor, could not do otherwise, could not hide from danger.
Probably, Bolkonsky would also have considered his last minutes on the Borodino field the best: now, unlike Austerlitz, he knew what he was fighting for, for what he was giving his life.
This is how the restless thought of a real person beats throughout his entire conscious life, who wanted only one thing: “to be quite good,” to live in harmony with his conscience. The "dialectic of the soul" leads him along the path of self-improvement, and the prince considers the best moments of this path to be those that open up new opportunities for him in himself, new, wider horizons. Joy is often deceiving, and again the “search for thought” continues, again the minutes come that seem to be the best.
"The soul is obliged to work ..."

The best moments of Andrei Bolkonsky's life

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All the best moments of his life suddenly
Remembered him ...
... It is necessary that it is not for me alone
My life…
L. N. Tolstoy. War and Peace
The life of every person is full of events, sometimes tragic, sometimes alarming, sometimes sad, sometimes joyful. There are moments of inspiration and despondency, takeoff and mental weakness, hopes and disappointments, joy and grief. Which ones are considered the best? The simplest answer is happy. But is this always the case?
Recall the famous, always exciting new scene from War and Peace. Prince Andrew, who has lost his faith

In life, having abandoned the dream of fame, painfully experiencing his guilt before his deceased wife, he stopped at a transformed spring oak, amazed by the power and vitality of the tree. And “all the best moments of his life were suddenly recalled to him: and Austerlitz with a high sky, and the dead reproachful face of his wife, and Pierre on the ferry, and this girl, agitated by the beauty of the night, and this night, and the moon ...“.
The most tragic, and not at all joyful moments of his life (not counting the night in Otradnoye), Bolkonsky recalls and calls them “the best”. Why? Because, according to Tolstoy, a real person lives in a tireless search for thought, in constant dissatisfaction with himself and the desire for renewal. We know that Prince Andrew went to war, because life in the big world seemed meaningless to him. He dreamed of "human love", of the glory that he would win on the battlefield. And now, having accomplished the feat, Andrei Bolkonsky, seriously wounded, lies on Pratsen Hill. He sees his idol - Napoleon, hears his words about himself: “What a wonderful death!”. But at this moment Napoleon seems to him a little gray man, and his own dreams of glory are petty and insignificant. Here, under the high skies of Austerlitz, Prince Andrey, it seems to him, is discovering a new truth: one must live for oneself, for the family, for the future son.
Miraculously surviving, he returns home refreshed, with the hope of a happy personal life. And here - a new blow: during childbirth the little princess dies, and the reproachful expression of her dead face will haunt Prince Andrew for a very long time.
“To live avoiding only these two evils - remorse and illness - that's all my wisdom now,” he will say to Pierre during their memorable meeting at the ferry. After all, the crisis caused by participation in the war and the death of his wife turned out to be very difficult and prolonged. But the principle of “living for oneself” could not satisfy such a person as Andrei Bolkonsky.
It seems to me that in a dispute with Pierre, Prince Andrew, not admitting this to himself, wants to hear arguments against such a position in life. He does not agree with his friend (after all, difficult people are the Bolkonsky father and son!), But something has changed in his soul, as if the ice has broken. "The meeting with Pierre was for Prince Andrew the era from which, although in appearance it is the same, but in the inner world, his new life."
But this firm and courageous man does not immediately give up. And the meeting with the spring oak on the way to Otradnoye seems to confirm his bleak thoughts. This old, gnarled oak, standing “like an angry freak,” “between smiling birches,” did not seem to want to blossom and be covered with new leaves. And Bolkonsky sadly agrees with him: “Yes, he is right, this oak is right a thousand times ... even if others, young people, again succumb to this deception, but we know life - our life is over!”.
Andrei Bolkonsky is 31 years old, and still ahead, but he is sincerely convinced that "nothing to start ... it is not necessary that he should live out his life without doing evil, without worrying and not wanting anything." However, Prince Andrew, without knowing it, was already ready to be resurrected in soul. And the meeting with Natasha seemed to renew him, sprinkled him with living water. After an unforgettable night in Otradnoye, Bolkonsky looks around him with different eyes - and the old oak tells him something completely different. Now, when “no gnarled fingers, no sores, no old grief and distrust - nothing was visible,” Bolkonsky, admiring the oak tree, arrives at the thoughts that Pierre, seemingly unsuccessfully instilled in him at the ferry: “It is necessary that everything they knew me so that my life would not go on for me alone ... so that it would be reflected on everyone and so that they would all live with me ”. As if dreams of glory are returning, but (here it is, “the dialectic of the soul”!) Not about glory for oneself, but about socially useful activity. As an energetic and decisive person, he travels to St. Petersburg to be useful to people.
There, new disappointments await him: the stupid misunderstanding of his military regulations by Arakcheev, the unnaturalness of Speransky, in which Prince Andrei expected to find "the complete perfection of human dignity." At this time, Natasha enters into his fate, and with her - new hopes for happiness. Probably those minutes when he confesses to Pierre: “I have never experienced anything like this ... I have not lived before. Now only I live, but I cannot live without her, ”- Prince Andrey could also call the best. And again everything collapses: both hopes for reform activities and love. Despair again. There is no more faith in life, in people, in love. It seems that he will never recover.
But the Patriotic War begins, and Bolkonsky realizes that a common misfortune hangs over him and his people. Perhaps the best moment of his life has come: he understands what is necessary for his homeland, the people, that his place is with them. He thinks and feels the same way as “Timokhin and the whole army”. And Tolstoy does not consider his mortal wound on the Borodino field, his death senseless: Prince Andrei gave his life for his homeland. He, with his sense of honor, could not do otherwise, could not hide from danger. Probably, Bolkonsky would also have considered his last minutes on the Borodino field the best: now, unlike Austerlitz, he knew what he was fighting for, for what he was giving his life.
This is how the restless thought of a real person beats throughout his entire conscious life, who wanted only one thing: “to be quite good,” to live in harmony with his conscience. The "dialectic of the soul" leads him along the path of self-improvement, and the prince considers the best moments of this path to be those that open up new opportunities for him in himself, new, wider horizons. Joy is often deceiving, and again the “search for thought” continues, again the minutes come that seem to be the best. "The soul is obliged to work ..."

Andrei Bolkonsky - one of the main characters of Leo Tolstoy's novel “War and Peace” - attracts our attention and arouses sympathy from the first meeting with him. This is an extraordinary, thinking person who is constantly in search of answers to eternal questions about the meaning of life, the place in it of each individual person, including himself.

In the difficult life of Andrei Bolkonsky, like each of us, there were many happy and touching moments. So what moments of his life does he define as the best? It turns out that they were not the happiest ones, but those who became points of insight of the truth in his life, who changed him internally, changed his worldview. It happened that these minutes were a tragic revelation in the present, bringing him peace and confidence in his strength in the future.

Leaving for the war, Prince Andrey strove to escape from the life of light that did not satisfy him, which seemed to him meaningless. What did he want, what ideals did he strive for, what goals did he set for himself? "I want fame, I want to be known to people, I want to be loved by them." And now his dream comes true: he accomplished a feat and was awarded

Approval from his idol and idol Napoleon. However, Andrei himself, seriously wounded, is now lying on Pratsen Hill and sees the high sky of Austerlitz above him. It was at this moment that he suddenly realizes the meaninglessness of his ambitious aspirations, which made him look for false truths in life, worship false heroes. What previously seemed significant turns out to be small and insignificant. Revelation awakens in the heart the thought that you need to live for yourself, your family.

Changed, with new hopes for happiness in the future life, the recovered Prince Andrey returns home. But here is a new test: his wife Liza, the "little princess", dies during childbirth. The love for this woman in the heart of Prince Andrei had long turned into disappointment, but when she died, a feeling of guilt arose in Bolkonsky's soul before her, because, moving away from the unloved, he abandoned her at a difficult moment, forgetting about the duties of her husband and father.

A severe mental crisis forces Prince Andrey to withdraw into himself. That is why Pierre Bezukhov, during their meeting at the ferry, notes that Bolkonsky's words "were affectionate, there was a smile on his lips and face," but his gaze "was extinct, deathly." Defending his principles in a dispute with a friend: to live for oneself, without doing harm to others, Bolkonsky himself internally feels that they can no longer satisfy his active nature. Pierre insists on the need to live for others, actively bringing them good. So "the meeting with Pierre was for Prince Andrew the era from which began, although in appearance and the same, but in the inner world, his new life."

Bolkonsky's emotional drama has not yet been experienced, but he arrives at the Rostovs' estate, Otradnoye. There he first meets Natasha, amazed at her ability to be always happy and joyful. The bright poetic world of the girl helps Prince Andrey to experience life in a new way. He was deeply moved by the charm of a fabulous night in Otradnoye, merging in his heart with the image of Natasha Rostova. This was another step towards the resurrection of his soul.

Seeing on the way back an old oak tree in the middle of a spring forest, Prince Andrey will no longer notice its clumsy, sores, which led him to sad thoughts on the way to Otradnoye. Now the renewed prince looks at the mighty tree with different eyes and involuntarily comes to the very thoughts that Pierre Bezukhov instilled in him during their last meeting: “It is necessary that everyone knows me, so that my life does not go on for me alone ... so that it is reflected on everyone and so that they all live with me! "

Here they are, those minutes that Andrei Bolkonsky himself appreciated now, standing by the oak, as the best in his life. But his life was not over, and many more moments, happy and tragic, but which he would undoubtedly recognize as the best, await him ahead. This is the time of hopes for joint happiness with Natasha, and his participation in the Patriotic War, when he was able to devote himself entirely to serving his people, and even the last moments after being wounded, when the truth of unconditional love for all people - even enemies - is revealed to him.

But I want to part with Andrei Bolkonsky, not showing the moment of his death, but leaving him, returning to life, full of hope in the forest, by the oak tree, after a happy night in Otradnoye.

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"All the best moments of his life suddenly at the same time were recalled to him. And Austerlitz with a high sky, and the dead reproachful face of his wife, and Pierre on the ferry, and a girl excited by the beauty of the night, and this night, and the moon - and all this he suddenly remembered. "
What are the best moments of your life? For Prince Andrey, these are the moments when he realizes that he was going in a false, deceitful way, when the illusion disappears and the opportunity to re-solve his life is revealed to him. For most people, the collapse of illusions is terrible moments, for Prince Andrey - wonderful, best in his life. For above all he loves the truth, strives for it. And each time, renouncing the wrong path, he believes that now he will not be deceived, now he will find his true path. Pay attention: it is precisely moments of renunciation of past mistakes and delusions, moments of purification and rebirth that sink into his soul. For this, Tolstoy loves his hero. And what he said about Prince Andrew directly applies to Pierre, and to Natasha, and to Princess Marya. All of Tolstoy's favorite heroes make terrible, tragic mistakes. But it is important for the author how they atone for their guilt, how they judge themselves for these mistakes.
Andrei Bolkonsky goes to the war of 1805, because he is tired of secular idle talk, for he is looking for a true deed. But this is not the only reason. It is there, on the battlefields, that he will be able to become like his idol, Napoleon, and will find "his Toulon". Both from a psychological and historical point of view, it is very important that Napoleon is both an enemy of Prince Andrew and an object of worship. It is important, because it provides a psychological analysis of the delusions of the era, which romanticized war, glorified the conquerors and admired the beautiful death on the battlefield. For Tolstoy, however, war is blood and dirt, pain and the forced murder of their own kind, "an event contrary to human reason and all human nature." He leads his hero (and readers) to this truth: through all the intricacies of the military campaign of 1805, through the field of Austerlitz.
The inextricable internal connection between the war and its embodiment - Napoleon for the first time clearly appears after the battle of Austerlitz. And, debunking the cult of war, Tolstoy simultaneously debunks Napoleon, depriving him of his romantic aura. In Prince Andrey's striving to self-actualize "in the image and likeness" of an idol, to repeat his path, Tolstoy hates everything: the idol himself, and the desire to come true in someone else's fate. And then a stunning insight comes to Prince Andrey.
Tolstoy is cunning. He will give the young Bolkonsky everything he dreams of, will give him a repetition of Napoleon's finest hour. As the once unknown - even Buonaparte at the Battle of Arcole picked up the banner and carried off the troops with him, so Prince Andrew in the battle at Austerlitz raises the banner. But this banner, in the dreams of our hero so proudly fluttering over his head, in reality turns out to be just a heavy stick, which is difficult and inconvenient to hold in his hands: "Prince Andrey again grabbed the banner and, dragging it by the shaft, ran with the battalion." For this moment, Prince Andrey was ready to give his life! For Tolstoy, the very idea of ​​a beautiful death in battle is blasphemous. That is why he so sharply, so insultingly describes the wound of his hero: "As if from the full swing with a strong stick one of the nearest soldiers, as it seemed to him, hit him in the head. It hurt a little, and most importantly, it was unpleasant ...".
He ran, dragging the banner by the pole; fell as if he had been hit with a stick ... And all for the sake of the little fat man uttering a few pompous phrases over him ?! How senseless ... For this war is senseless, for it is shameful to strive to be like Napoleon (“do not make yourself an idol” is one of the commandments of Christianity). And before the eyes of Prince Andrew, a clear high sky will open up - a symbol of truth. And the abrupt, harsh phrases generated by the confusion of the battle are replaced by a stately, slow and deep narration: "How quietly, calmly and solemnly, not at all the way I ran," thought Prince Andrew, "not the way we ran, shouted and fought ... the clouds crawl across this high endless sky not at all. How could I not have seen this high sky before? And how happy I am that I recognized it at last. Yes! Everything is empty, everything is deception, except for this endless sky. "
Instead of his former idol, he acquires high and eternal values ​​that he did not know before: happiness is simply to live, the ability to breathe, to see the sky, to be.