Matteo Falcone heroes. Who is Matteo Falcone a hero or a killer. Who is Mateo Falcone? What brought him great fame

"Matteo Falcone" the main characters and their characteristics will help you understand the reasons for their actions.

"Matteo Falcone" main characters

Main characters:

• Matteo Falcone - head of families
• his son Fortunato,
• Giuseppa is Matteo's wife, a woman who is not very respected in Corsican families. Economical, obedient to her husband, pious. She sincerely feels sorry for her son, but cannot protect him from her husband.
• fugitive Giannetto Sanpiero,
• soldiers and Sergeant Theodore Gamba.

"Matteo Falcone" characteristics of the characters

- a typical Corsican, able to shoot accurately, determined, proud, brave, strong, observes the laws of hospitality and is ready to help anyone who asks for it. Matteo Falcone does not tolerate meanness and betrayal. He owned numerous herds, which were looked after by specially hired shepherds. In Corsica he was considered a good friend and a dangerous enemy.

“he lived honestly, that is, without doing anything, on the income from his numerous herds, which nomadic shepherds grazed in the mountains, driving from place to place.”

Some people consider Matteo Falcone a hero, others a murderer. For some, he is a man with enormous willpower, an iron character, who managed to kill even his own son in order to punish betrayal... And for others, he is a cruel killer who, in order to preserve his good name, killed his little son.

From the point of view of Christianity, from a universal human point of view, he is a murderer who has committed a grave sin. And from the point of view of the unwritten laws of the inhabitants of Corsica, their understanding of duty and honor, he is a hero who has committed justice. It takes a lot of willpower and strength of character to punish your own son. It is love for his son that pushes Falcone to murder. The strength of Matteo Falcone’s character is such that he overcomes the natural human instinct of preserving himself in children, the instinct of procreation. But at that time he could not do otherwise. The meaning of the hero's life is the honor of the family. According to Matteo, a person’s honor, the purity of the soul must be impeccable, without blemish.

Fortunato- ten-year-old son Matteo. The boy is smart, cunning, and careful. He helped a fugitive criminal, benefiting himself.

The boy behaves with the gendarmes who were looking for the criminal, confidently, calmly, tries to confuse them, is not afraid, even laughs. Fortunato is not afraid of either a bandit or a policeman, he behaves completely independently and freely with them: he is confident that no one will touch Matteo Falcone’s son. The boy's problem is different. He hid the bandit and promised him: “Don’t be afraid of anything.” And he himself handed the criminal over to the gendarmes for a silver watch. This boy’s act is immoral, vile, low. Now he is a traitor and would remain so for the rest of his life.

Fortunato died at the hands of his own father. He paid with his life because of his selfishness and greed, which led him to betrayal. Sergeant Gamba was also involved in this, bribing the boy and provoking his act.

Why did Matteo Falcone kill his son?

Matteo Falcone did this because he did not want to raise a traitor in his house. A small traitor grows into a big one, he believed.

Someone who has already committed treason once cannot count on the respect of people, no matter how small he may be.

For Matteo, a good name and honor are more valuable than anything, even more valuable than his son. Matteo killed his son because local customs dictated that he do so, but no one has the right to decide when to die

Who is Matteo Falcone: killer or hero? Help me please!!! and got the best answer

Answer from Irina Gubanova[guru]
Romantic hero. We cannot judge a person who lives by a code of honor other than ours. And he does NOT owe us anything, he chooses what his conscience and duty tell him to do. Don't forget that this is a different country, a different time, different moral standards.
Irina Gubanova
Genius
(85775)
You judge from the position of your time and your morality, but these people lived according to THEIR laws and traditions, which no one had the right to violate. This is their way of life.

Answer from 2 answers[guru]

Hello! Here is a selection of topics with similar questions and answers to your question: Who is Matteo Falcone: a killer or a hero? Help me please!!!

Answer from Monna[guru]
A murderer, a normal father cannot do this to his son, everyone has the right to pardon. He should have punished his son, but not killed him.

Answer from Aliya Tliulieva[newbie]

Answer from Rihanna Roposs[newbie]
paprrt

Answer from Yulia Taran[newbie]
Mate cannot be called a murderer

Answer from Lev Aevalin[newbie]
"The action of the novel takes place on the island of Corsica. The main character of the story is Matteo Falcone. He is a sharp shooter, a strong and proud man, a real Corsican with a strong character and an unbending will. Matteo has a son - Fortunato, the hope of the family. The boy hides a wounded man in a haystack a fugitive - a criminal being pursued by the police. With surprising calm for a child, he meets six shooters led by their sergeant. When questioned, Fortunato replies that he has not seen anyone. He has nothing to fear, because the boy is protected by the name and reputation of his father. However, the sergeant offers Fortunato a watch in exchange for information about the fugitive's whereabouts. The boy agrees, and the criminal is arrested. Proud Matteo Falcone learns with horror about his son's act. It is especially difficult for Matteo to cope with the fact that the prisoner calls his house the house of a traitor. Shocked to the core by what happened, the Corsican does not accept Fortunato's apology He takes the boy away from the house and demands that he pray.Then, despite Fortunato's pleas for mercy, Matteo kills his son with a well-aimed shot.

Answer from Marat Hunanyan[newbie]
I think Matteo Falcone is a killer. Because a normal father cannot kill his son because of such an act, he could have been punished in some other way.

Subject:

Moral choice heroes.

1.Introduce students to the work of Prosper Merimee.

Equipment: presentation.

Lesson plan.

1. Organizational moment.

(1 slide) Teacher's word:

I value that moment of communication,

Which is joyfully colored,

When every student is mine

He is in a hurry to open up to me.

-Guys, today we have guests at our lesson, and I really hope that you will please both me and my colleagues with your work in the lesson.

2. Checking homework.

A) -For today's lesson, you should have read the pages of the textbook about Prosper Merime, get acquainted with the short story “Matteo Falcone”, make a plan and do the necessary vocabulary work.

-What is a novella? ( Novella- a short epic work comparable to a short story and characterized by a sharp, fast-paced plot and lack of descriptiveness. The focus of a short story is usually an incident that influences the hero’s life and reveals his character.)

B) We will check how carefully you read the text, restoring the confused logical chain.

You have 2 minutes for this work. You can use your homework for the lesson. + CHECK AT THE BOARD. Compare in groups and make necessary adjustments.

3.Work on the topic of the lesson:

A) -I would like to start our lesson with a poem by Yuri Davidovich Levitanskyslide)

Everyone chooses for themselves
A woman, religion, a road.
To serve the devil or the prophet -
Everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for themselves
A word for love and for prayer.
A sword for a duel, a sword for battle
Everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for themselves
Shield and armor. Staff and patches.
The measure of final retribution.
Everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for themselves.
I also choose - as best I can.
I have no complaints against anyone.
Everyone chooses for themselves.

Why do you think I started the lesson with this poem? What word would you identify as the key word in this poem?( slide)

- This word will be the key word in the topic of our lesson. But you had to write out one more word from the dictionary, which, as part of a phrase with a keyword, will help us formulate the topic of today's lesson.What word am I talking about? HP A VERY - distinguished by high morality; corresponding to moral standards, moral requirements. N. person. N. act. Nth behavior. A different attitude towards a woman. A different attitude towards animals, towards nature. Politics must be moral.

Try to formulate the topic of the lesson yourself.

(slide ) Moral choice heroes . (Who is he, Matteo Falcone, a hero or a murderer?)

(based on the short story “Matteo Falcone” by Prosper Merimee)

-What are the objectives of the lesson:

(slide) 1. Introduce students to the work of Prosper Merimee.

2.Give an idea about the genre of the short story, about the heroic character in literature.

3.Develop the ability to competently characterize literary characters, develop teamwork skills.

4. To cultivate moral qualities such as honor, conscience, dignity, loyalty to duty.

B) In today’s work we will use the “fishbone” technique.

-What problem should we solve? (Who is he, Matteo Falcone, a hero or a murderer?)

B) Group workshop.

1 group

1. Where and when do the events of the novel take place? (The story takes place at the beginning of the 19th century on the island of Corsica. Impenetrable forest thickets, a semi-civilized population, primitive life, harsh and simple morals - this is the place where events unfold.)

2. What form does Merimee choose when describing the scene? ? (Merime chooses the formdirect conversation with the reader , as if explaining the route to him “If you go northwest from Porto-Vecchio into the interior of the island, the terrain will begin to rise quite steeply, and after a three-hour walk along winding paths, cluttered with large clouds of rocks and here and there intersected ravines, you will come out to vast poppy thickets." Merimee calls these impenetrable thickets of young forest “the homeland of Corsican shepherds and everyone who is at odds with justice.” So the writer gives the reader a sign: we will talk about those “who are at odds with justice.” Along the way, we learn that farmers do not bother themselves with fertilizing the soil, but follow this path: they burn the forest, and the soil turns out to be fertilized with the ash of burnt trees.)When we read the short story “Matteo Falcone”, we clearly feel that it is not the author, not Merimee himself, who is speaking to us, but someone else - a person who has traveled, been to Corsica and is personally acquainted with Matteo Falcone and his wife: “When in 18... I visited Corsica, Matteo Falcone's house was half a mile awaypoppies "We understand well that we have a narrator in front of us when in the second paragraph we read advice to run topoppies, if you killed a person: of course, the author could not seriously give the reader such advice.
It seems to us that this narrator is sitting among his acquaintances, perhaps fellow travelers on a long journey, and telling them about what he happened to see and learn, how he lived among peoples whose traditional way of life differs sharply from what the listeners are used to . Moreover, from the story it is clear to us that the listeners of this story were not in Corsica, because in the form of short remarks the narrator inserts information about the life and customs of Corsica - for example, he describes the home of a Corsican (“consists of one square room”) and the attitude of a typical Corsican towards a woman (“...no burden other than a weapon is unworthy of a man”, “The duty of a good wife is to load a gun for her husband during a battle”).
The intonations of the address to the listeners create the effect of being in a circle of conversation: “If you go northwest from Porto-Vecchio into the interior of the island...”, “I must say that the Corsican farmer...”, “If you killed a man, run topoppies Porto-Vecchio...", "Imagine a man of small stature, but strong...", "But they told about him that in Corte, where he took his wife from..."
The narrator does not tell us consistently and in detail about the customs of the Corsicans; he inserts the necessary information in between, as if it were known to everyone. But it is precisely this artistic technique that makes us seem to stumble over unexpected messages and read the novella with special attention.

3.Merime uses appeal to the reader: “If you killed a person, run to the poppies...”).

-- What does it mean? (he does not call on the reader to kill. Merimee needs this ironic form so that the reader understands: the Corsican has no other option in such circumstances, the matter is common in Corsica, it is the way it is in this area. The most interesting thing is that Merimee, in such detail. With knowledge of the matter while describing Corsica, he was not there. From the note we learn that the writer first came to Corsica only 10 years after writing the novella.).

The shepherds of Corsica feel like complete masters of the land on which they graze their flocks, and live according to unwritten but firm laws. They are free to live as they see fit, and they feel unity especially clearly when they are in opposition to someone (usually the official government and its representatives). Accordingly, they consider as their own other people who are disliked by the authorities, that is, criminals.
A good gun, gunpowder and bullets are needed in order to be able to shoot game, which is found in abundance in the poppies.

4. . Read by role the excerpt from the words p. 270 “Several hours have passed...” to the words p. 271 “... as if nothing had happened, he stretched out in the sun.”Give it a title. How did Fortunato talk to the bandit? Prove that the boy was smart and resourceful.

( “He was a bandit who, having gone into the city at night to buy gunpowder, was ambushed by Corsican Voltigeurs.”

Voltigeurs - these are shooters recruited by the government to help the police, these are the same free Corsicans, but they acted on the side of the police, that is, the official government. Voltigeurs understand well those people who hide in poppies: after all, they themselves may find themselves or have once found themselves in their place.

“What will father say if I hide you without his permission?
“He will say that you did well!”

Matteo Falcone, a man living next to the maquis, considered the area around his house an integral part of his domain, only he could dispose of it. He could consider the government’s intrusion into his territory without permission a personal insult. But the bandit was a Maquis man, he was being pursued, and Falcone would always hide the one being pursued.)

4.Make a syncwine.

5.Fill out the PMI table.

GROUP 2

1.Retell close to the text the passage from words C 271 “A few minutes later, six shooters...” to words C 274 “The temptation was too great...”.Give it a title. How did Fortunato behave with the police? Why did he turn out to be a traitor?

2. . Read by role the passage from words 274 “Fortunato raised his left hand...” to words 276 “...despite our relationship.”Why did Fortunato betray Giannetto? How do the characters of the episode behave: Fortunato, Giannetto? Giuseppa, Matteo? What mental contradictions does each of them experience?

3.Make a syncwine.

4.Fill out the PMI table.

GROUP 3

1. Read by role the passage from the words P.276 “Finally he made a bold decision...” to the words P.277 “...moved quickly towards the plain.”How are the life principles of Matteo and the sergeant different?( .“Matteo Falcone was quite a rich man around there; he lived honestly, that is, without doing anything, on the income from his numerous herds, which nomadic shepherds grazed in the mountains, driving from place to place.”

He lived honestly, that is, without doing anything - This phrase grotesquely describes P. Merimee’s contemporary situation in France during the time of developing capitalism, when many wealthy people lived on income from capital investments and believed with full confidence that they were living honestly. This is how they lived in the cities of France - it is not for nothing that French capitalism of that time is called usurious.

« Such unusually high art brought Matteo Falcone great fame. He was considered as good a friend as he was a dangerous enemy..."

In closed societies there is often a cult of power. Concept Friend in such societies means that a person called a friend acts on your side in battle.

. “His wife Giuseppa bore him first three daughters (which infuriated him) and finally a son...”

The position of a woman in a closed society based on male dominance is always humiliating. A man strives to continue the family line, to pass on his name, and only the man is considered to continue the family line, while the woman goes to her husband’s family and takes his surname, therefore she is not considered to be the continuer of the family line.

“The daughters were successfully married: if anything happened, the father could count on the daggers and carbines of his sons-in-law.”

Successfully married - This means that they were given at the request and will of the father to people who hold the same views as Matteo Falcone himself. Accordingly, they are always ready in the event of any conflict with the authorities or other force to take the side of their father-in-law

What details show the characters’ attitude to Fortunato’s action?

“The woman walked with difficulty, bent under the weight of a huge bag of chestnuts, while the husband walked lightly with one gun in his hands and the other behind his back, for no burden other than a weapon is unworthy of a man.”
“It is the duty of a good wife to load her gun for her husband during battle.”

The position of women in those days in Corsica was unbearable, from our point of view. But let’s not forget that in our time there are societies and countries where women are in a similar, humiliated position.

“-...We just covered Giannetto Sanpiero.
- God bless! - Giuseppa cried. - Last week he stole our milk goat.
These words made Gamba happy.
- Poor guy! - Matteo responded. - He was hungry!
“This scoundrel defended himself like a lion,” the sergeant continued, slightly annoyed...”

Giuseppa responds as a hostess, and Matteo as a person who understands the situation of the bandit hiding in the maquis, who ran out of bullets. The sergeant closely monitors the reactions of the husband and wife and plays along with the owners.

“He killed one of my shooters and crushed the arm of Corporal Chardon; Well, it’s not a big problem: after all, Chardon is French...”

Corsicans treat the French with contempt as people of another nation, a different society, in which completely different orders, alien to the Corsicans, reign - in the opinion of a Corsican, of a lower level.

“- Damn it! - Matteo said barely audibly.”

The mention of Falcone’s name in a report addressed to the prosecutor is perceived as a shame, as an exposure of Falcone in a deal with the authorities.)

2. Retell the passage from the words P.277 “About ten minutes passed...” until the end of the story.Describe the psychological state of Matteo and Fortunato. What is the tragedy of the final episode?

( “Fortunato, seeing his father, went into the house. Soon he reappeared with a bowl of milk in his hands and, looking down, handed it to Giannetto.
- Get away from me! - the arrested man shouted in a thunderous voice.
Then, turning to one of the voltigeurs, he said:
- Comrade! Let me get drunk.
The soldier handed him a flask, and the bandit drank the water brought by the hand of the man with whom he had just exchanged shots.”

The participants in the chase honestly played the roles they assumed; Fortunato took on the role of savior, but for the sake of money he changed his word, and this made him an outcast.

“Stuttering and crying, the boy read “Our Father” and “I Believe.” At the end of each prayer, Father firmly said “Amen.”

The Corsicans considered themselves Catholics, but their Catholicism was largely external, ritual, and did not affect the basic understanding of the world of the individual.
The prayers read by his son and the thought of Christ, whose main commandment is mercy, did not help him find love in his heart and forgive his son’s offense.

"- What did you do? - she exclaimed.
- Done justice.
- Where is he?
- In the ravine. I'll bury him now. He died a Christian. I will order a memorial service for him.”

What is striking for us is the alienation from our own child with a complete lack of understanding that at the age of 10 a child cannot and should not bear adult responsibility for what he has done, because he is only learning to act correctly. Matteo dreamed of a son for many years, and was happy in his own way for 10 years. And now he kills his son without hesitation, instead of trying to help him never do that again.)

4.Make a syncwine.

5.Fill out the PMI table.

IN). Watching a movie (murder scene)

GROUP 4

1. Comparison of two scenes: the execution of Andriy (N.V. Gogol. “Taras Bulba”) and the finale of “Matteo Falcone”.

- What work can this scene be compared to? (Illustration – Taras and Andrey).

-Why did Taras kill his son? (For betraying the Fatherland, faith, Cossacks).

- Why do the heroes of these works decide to do such a terrible act?

--Is it dictated by the logic of revealing artistic character? (In both works, fathers kill their sons. Taras Bulba executed his son, who betrayed the Fatherland and faith. Cossacks.Son of Matteo Fortunatto also does not live according to human standards,not according to Christian laws: he betrayed his guest government representative.To wash away the shame from the family , Matteo takes Fortunatto to the maquis, but not right awaykills him and first orders him to pray that Fortunatto will die a Christian.At Taras Bulba's there were evenmore compelling reasons for killing your son . Fortunato gave up one man, a bandit. Moreover, threatening him. And Andriy betrayed all the Cossacks, betrayed the faith, betrayed his homeland. Butbetrayal is betrayal , and his heroes judge him according to their own laws.)

2. How are these writers connected with P. Merimee: A.S. Pushkin and N.V. Gogol?

Gogol translated the novella into Russian. Merimee knew Russian and Russian literature. He translated “The Queen of Spades”, “The Gypsies” by Pushkin, and a number of works by Gogol.)
One of the translators of Merimee's novella in Russia was N.V. Gogol. (He helped make a poetic version of the translation to V.A. Zhukovsky.)

4.Make a syncwine.

5.Fill out the PMI table.

IV .Summarizing.

Who is to blame for Fortunato's death?

(Fortunato died at the hands of his own father. He paid with his life because of his selfishness and greed, which led him to betrayal. Sergeant Gamba was also involved in this, bribing the boy and provoking his act.

Who is he, Matteo Falcone, a hero or a murderer? (In the figure of Matteo Falcone, a conflict between the heroic and treacherous principles of life is revealed. It turns out that Matteo is both a hero and a murderer. From the point of view of Christianity, from a universal human point of view, he is a murderer who has committed a grave sin. And from the point of view of the unwritten laws of the inhabitants of Corsica, their understanding of duty and honor, he is a hero who has committed justice. It takes great willpower and strength of character to punish one’s own son. It is love for his son that pushes Falcone to murder. Matteo Falcone’s strength of character is such that he overcomes the natural human instinct of preserving oneself in children, the instinct of continuation kind.)

We have seen how complex and ambiguous the character of the hero of the story, Matteo Falcone, is.

And one last thing. Let us note the significance of the name of the main character's son, Fortunatto. Fortuna means “luck”. Fortunatto was "the hope of the family and the successor of the family." In this name there is a tragic discrepancy between the fate of the heroes and their initial hopes.

So, we are convinced that to understand the character of literary heroes it is necessary take into account the time and circumstances , in which it is placed.

We must also take into account that wild poppies are beginning to be invaded by monetary relations, morals change. This is already realism .(They bribe Fortunato for hours. The father is thinking about the new heir, who he is going to make his son-in-law, without having time to bury his son.)

But despite the easing of laws, humanism, even todayit is important to maintain a sense of duty, honor, and today treat betrayal with contempt. What work have we studied that addresses this same issue? (“The Captain’s Daughter”, who advises “Take care of honor from a young age ".) It contains the idea of ​​high morality, honor, loyalty, duty, oath, human dignity, which a person must bring through any trials. This proverb, which has come down to us from time immemorial, has been and remains an excellent parting word for every young man. Because there are concepts that are the most important in all ages, there are prohibitions that “must not be violated.”

--Remember the proverbs on this topic? (The child’s fault is the parents’ fault.)

Today we have seen how important it is to take into account time and circumstances to understand the character of a literary hero.

- Does the author condemn or justify his hero?

Neither one nor the other. Matteo commits an act that was dictated to him by local customs, his own understanding of human dignity.

One great man said,

What the most important thing is not to condemn or justify, but to understand

why did the person do this?

Perhaps we should understand Matteo’s action and travel back to those distant times.

-So, what is Matteo like? Make a syncwine (3 minutes)

-The teacher’s word: reading a poem by Yashin.

IV . Reflection. Compilation of the PMI table.

V . Homework .

Answer one of the questions in writing:

1.What is Fortunato’s fault and misfortune?

2.Can Matteo Falcone’s cruel act be justified?

Moral choice of heroes. (Who is he, Matteo Falcone, a hero or a murderer?)

1.Introduce students to the work of Prosper Merimee.

2.Give an idea about the genre of the short story, about the heroic character in literature.

3.Develop the ability to competently characterize literary characters, develop teamwork skills.

4. To cultivate moral qualities such as honor, conscience, dignity, loyalty to duty.

Equipment: presentation.

Lesson plan.

1. Organizational moment.

(1 slide) Teacher's word:

I value that moment of communication,

Which is joyfully colored,

When every student is mine

He is in a hurry to open up to me.

2. Checking homework.

A) -For today's lesson, you should have read the pages of the textbook about Prosper Merime, get acquainted with the short story “Matteo Falcone”, make a plan and do the necessary vocabulary work.

What is a novella? (A short story is a short epic work, comparable to a short story and characterized by a sharp, fast-paced plot and a lack of descriptiveness. The focus of a short story is usually an incident that affects the life of the hero, revealing his character.)

B) We will check how carefully you read the text by restoring the confused logical chain.

You have 2 minutes for this work. You can use your homework for the lesson. + CHECK AT THE BOARD. Compare in groups, make the necessary amendments. 3. Work on the topic of the lesson:

A) -I would like to start our lesson with a poem by Yuri Davidovich Levitansky slide)

Everyone chooses for themselves
A woman, religion, a road.
To serve the devil or the prophet -
Everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for themselves
A word for love and for prayer.
A sword for a duel, a sword for battle
Everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for themselves
Shield and armor. Staff and patches.
The measure of final retribution.
Everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for themselves.
I also choose - as best I can.
I have no complaints against anyone.
Everyone chooses for themselves.

Why do you think I started the lesson with this poem? What word would you identify as the key word in this poem? (slide)

This word will be the key word in the topic of our lesson. But you had to write out one more word from the dictionary, which, as part of a phrase with a keyword, will help us formulate the topic of today's lesson. What word am I talking about? MORAL - distinguished by high morality; corresponding to moral standards, moral requirements. N. person. N. act. Nth behavior. N-th attitude towards a woman. No relation to animals, to nature. Politics must be moral.

Try to formulate the topic of the lesson yourself.

(slide) Moral choice of heroes. (Who is he, Matteo Falcone, a hero or a murderer?)

(based on the short story “Matteo Falcone” by Prosper Merimee)

What are the objectives of the lesson: (see the beginning of the lesson)

B) In today’s work we will use the “fishbone” technique.

What problem do we need to solve? (Who is he, Matteo Falcone, a hero or a murderer?)

B) Group workshop.

1. Where and when do the events of the novel take place? (The story takes place at the beginning of the 19th century on the island of Corsica. Impenetrable forest thickets, a semi-civilized population, primitive life, harsh and simple morals - this is the place where events unfold.)

2. What form does Merimee choose when describing the scene? (Merimee chooses the form of a direct conversation with the reader, as if explaining to him the route “If you go northwest from Porto-Vecchio into the interior of the island, the area will begin to rise quite steeply, and after three hours of walking along winding paths, cluttered with large clouds of rocks and some -where, crossed by ravines, you will come out to vast thickets of poppies." Merimee calls these impenetrable thickets of young forest "the homeland of Corsican shepherds and everyone who is at odds with justice." So the writer gives the reader a sign: we will talk about those "who are not at odds with justice." Along the way, we learn that farmers do not bother themselves with fertilizing the soil, but follow this path: they burn the forest, and the soil turns out to be fertilized with the ash of burnt trees.) When we read the short story "Matteo Falcone", we clearly feel that with us says not the author, not Merimee himself, but someone else - a person who traveled, was in Corsica and personally knew Matteo Falcone and his wife: “When in 18... I visited Corsica, Matteo Falcone’s house was half a mile away from this maki.” We understand very well that we have a narrator in front of us when in the second paragraph we read the advice to run to the maki if you have killed a person: of course, the author could not seriously give the reader such advice.
It seems to us that this narrator is sitting among his acquaintances, perhaps fellow travelers on a long journey, and telling them about what he happened to see and learn, how he lived among peoples whose traditional way of life differs sharply from what the listeners are used to . Moreover, from the story it is clear to us that the listeners of this story were not in Corsica, because in the form of short remarks the narrator inserts information about the life and customs of Corsica - for example, he describes the home of a Corsican (“consists of one square room”) and the attitude of a typical Corsican towards a woman (“...no burden other than a weapon is unworthy of a man”, “The duty of a good wife is to load a gun for her husband during battle”).
The intonations of the address to the listeners create the effect of being in a circle of conversation: “If you go northwest from Porto-Vecchio into the interior of the island...”, “I must say that the Corsican farmer...”, “If you killed a man, run to poppies of Porto-Vecchio...", "Imagine a man of small stature, but strong...", "But they told about him that in Corte, where he took his wife from..."
The narrator does not tell us consistently and in detail about the customs of the Corsicans; he inserts the necessary information in between, as if it were known to everyone. But it is precisely this artistic technique that makes us seem to stumble over unexpected messages and read the novella with special attention.

3.Merime uses an appeal to the reader: “If you killed a person, run to the poppies...”).

What does it mean? (he does not call on the reader to kill. Merimee needs this ironic form so that the reader understands: the Corsican has no other option in such circumstances, the matter is common in Corsica, it is the way it is in this area. The most interesting thing is that Merimee, in such detail. With knowledge of the matter while describing Corsica, he was not there. From the note we learn that the writer first came to Corsica only 10 years after writing the novella.).

The shepherds of Corsica feel like complete masters of the land on which they graze their flocks, and live according to unwritten but firm laws. They are free to live as they see fit, and they feel unity especially clearly when they are in opposition to someone (usually the official government and its representatives). Accordingly, they consider as their own other people who are disliked by the authorities, that is, criminals.
A good gun, gunpowder and bullets are needed in order to be able to shoot game, which is found in abundance in the poppies.
4.. Read by role the passage from the words p. 270 “Several hours have passed...” to the words p. 271 “... as if nothing had happened, he stretched out in the sun.” Give it a title. How did Fortunato talk to the bandit? Prove that the boy was smart and resourceful.

(“He was a bandit who, having gone into the city at night to buy gunpowder, was ambushed by Corsican Voltigeurs.”

Voltigeurs are shooters recruited by the government to help the police; these are the same free Corsicans, but they acted on the side of the police, that is, the official government. Voltigeurs understand well those people who hide in poppies: after all, they themselves may find themselves or have once found themselves in their place.

“What will father say if I hide you without his permission?
“He will say that you did well!”

Matteo Falcone, a man living next to the maquis, considered the area around his house an integral part of his domain, only he could dispose of it. He could consider the government’s intrusion into his territory without permission a personal insult. But the bandit was a Maquis man, he was being pursued, and Falcone would always hide the one being pursued.)

4.Make a syncwine.

5.Fill out the PMI table.

1.Retell close to the text the passage from words C 271 “A few minutes later, six shooters ...” to words C 274 “The temptation was too great...” Title it. How did Fortunato behave with the police? Why did he turn out to be a traitor?

2. . Read by role the passage from words 274 “Fortunato raised his left hand...” to words 276 “...despite our relationship.” Why did Fortunato betray Giannetto? How do the characters of the episode behave: Fortunato, Giannetto? Giuseppa, Matteo? What mental contradictions does each of them experience?

3.Make a syncwine.

4.Fill out the PMI table.

1. Read by role the passage from the words P.276 “Finally he made a bold decision...” to the words P.277 “...moved quickly towards the plain.” How do the life principles of Matteo and the sergeant differ? (“Matteo Falcone was a fairly rich man in the area; he lived honestly, that is, without doing anything, on the income from his numerous herds, which nomadic shepherds grazed in the mountains, driving from place to place place".

He lived honestly, that is, without doing anything - this phrase grotesquely describes P. Merimee’s contemporary situation in France during the time of developing capitalism, when many wealthy people lived on income from capital investments and believed with full confidence that they were living honestly. This is how they lived in the cities of France - it’s not for nothing that French capitalism of that time is called usurious.

“Such unusually high art brought Matteo Falcone great fame. He was considered as good a friend as he was a dangerous enemy..."

In closed societies there is often a cult of power. The concept of friend in such societies means that a person called a friend acts on your side in battle.

. “His wife Giuseppa bore him first three daughters (which infuriated him) and finally a son...”

The position of a woman in a closed society based on male dominance is always humiliating. A man strives to continue the family line, to pass on his name, and only the man is considered to continue the family line, while the woman goes to her husband’s family and takes his surname, therefore she is not considered to be the continuer of the family line.

“The daughters were successfully married: if anything happened, the father could count on the daggers and carbines of his sons-in-law.”

Successfully married means married at the request and will of the father to people who hold the same views as Matteo Falcone himself. Accordingly, they are always ready in the event of any conflict with the authorities or other force to take the side of their father-in-law

What details show the characters’ attitude to Fortunato’s action?

“The woman walked with difficulty, bent under the weight of a huge bag of chestnuts, while the husband walked lightly with one gun in his hands and the other behind his back, for no burden other than a weapon is unworthy of a man.”
“It is the duty of a good wife to load her gun for her husband during battle.”

The position of women in those days in Corsica was unbearable, from our point of view. But let’s not forget that in our time there are societies and countries where women are in a similar, humiliated position.

“—...We just covered Giannetto Sanpiero.
- God bless! - Giuseppa cried. “Last week he stole our milk goat.”
These words made Gamba happy.
- Poor thing! - Matteo responded. - He was hungry!
“This scoundrel defended himself like a lion,” continued the sergeant, slightly annoyed...”

Giuseppa responds as a hostess, and Matteo as a person who understands the situation of the bandit hiding in the poppies, who ran out of bullets. The sergeant closely monitors the reactions of the husband and wife and plays along with the owners.

“He killed one of my shooters and crushed the arm of Corporal Chardon; well, it’s not a big problem: after all, Chardon is French...”

Corsicans treat the French with contempt as people of another nation, a different society, in which completely different orders, alien to the Corsicans, reign - in the opinion of the Corsican, of a lower level.

“- Damn it! “Matteo said barely audibly.”

The mention of Falcone’s name in a report addressed to the prosecutor is perceived as a shame, as an exposure of Falcone in a deal with the authorities.)

2. Retell the passage from the words of P.277 “About ten minutes passed...” until the end of the story. Describe the psychological state of Matteo and Fortunato. What is the tragedy of the final episode?

(“Fortunato, seeing his father, went into the house. Soon he reappeared with a bowl of milk in his hands and, with downcast eyes, handed it to Giannetto.
- Get away from me! - the arrested man shouted in a thunderous voice.
Then, turning to one of the voltigeurs, he said:
- Comrade! Let me get drunk.
The soldier handed him a flask, and the bandit drank the water brought by the hand of the man with whom he had just exchanged shots.”

The participants in the chase honestly played the roles they assumed; Fortunato took on the role of savior, but for the sake of money he changed his word, and this made him an outcast.

“Stuttering and crying, the boy read “Our Father” and “I Believe.” At the end of each prayer, Father firmly said “Amen.”

The Corsicans considered themselves Catholics, but their Catholicism was largely external, ritual, and did not affect the basic understanding of the world of the individual.
The prayers read by his son and the thought of Christ, whose main commandment is mercy, did not help him find love in his heart and forgive his son’s offense.

"- What did you do? - she exclaimed.
- Done justice.
- Where is he?
- In the ravine. I'll bury him now. He died a Christian. I will order a memorial service for him.”

What is striking for us is the alienation from our own child with a complete lack of understanding that at the age of 10 a child cannot and should not bear adult responsibility for what he has done, because he is only learning to act correctly. Matteo dreamed of a son for many years, and was happy in his own way for 10 years. And now he kills his son without hesitation, instead of trying to help him never do that again.)

4.Make a syncwine.

5.Fill out the PMI table.

IN). Watching a movie (murder scene)

1. Comparison of two scenes: the execution of Andriy (Taras Bulba) and the finale of Matteo Falcone.

What work can this scene be compared to? (Illustration – Taras and Andrey).

Why did Taras kill his son? (For betraying the Fatherland, faith, Cossacks).

Why do the heroes of these works decide to do such a terrible act?

Is it dictated by the logic of revealing artistic character? (In both works, fathers kill their sons. Taras Bulba executed his son, who betrayed the Fatherland, the faith. Cossacks. Matteo Fortunatto’s son also does not live according to human, not Christian laws: he betrayed his guest to a representative of the authorities. To wash away the shame from the family, Matteo takes away Fortunatto is in maki, but does not immediately kill him, but first orders him to pray that Fortunatto will die a Christian. Taras Bulba had even more compelling reasons for killing his son. Fortunato betrayed one man, a bandit. Moreover, who threatened him. And Andriy betrayed everyone Cossacks, betrayed the faith, betrayed the homeland. But betrayal is betrayal, and its heroes judge it according to their own laws.)

2. How are these writers connected with P. Merimee: and?

Gogol translated the short story into . Merimee knew Russian, Russian literature. He translated “The Queen of Spades”, “The Gypsies” by Pushkin, and a number of works by Gogol.)
He was one of the translators of Merimee's novella in Russia. (He helped make a poetic version of the translation.)

4.Make a syncwine.

5.Fill out the PMI table.

IV. Summarizing.

Who is to blame for Fortunato's death?

(Fortunato died at the hands of his own father. He paid with his life because of his selfishness and greed, which led him to betrayal. Sergeant Gamba was also involved in this, bribing the boy and provoking his act.

Who is he, Matteo Falcone, a hero or a murderer? (In the figure of Matteo Falcone, a conflict between the heroic and treacherous principles of life is revealed. It turns out that Matteo is both a hero and a murderer. From the point of view of Christianity, from a universal human point of view, he is a murderer who has committed a grave sin. And from the point of view of the unwritten laws of the inhabitants of Corsica, their understanding of duty and honor, he is a hero who has committed justice. It takes great willpower and strength of character to punish one’s own son. It is love for his son that pushes Falcone to murder. Matteo Falcone’s strength of character is such that he overcomes the natural human instinct of preserving oneself in children, the instinct of continuation kind.)

We have seen how complex and ambiguous the character of the hero of the story, Matteo Falcone, is.

And one last thing. Let us note the significance of the name of the main character's son, Fortunatto. Fortuna means "luck". Fortunatto was "the hope of the family and the successor of the family." In this name there is a tragic discrepancy between the fate of the heroes and their initial hopes.

So, we are convinced that in order to understand the character of literary heroes, we must take into account the time and the circumstances in which he is placed.

We must also take into account that monetary relations are beginning to penetrate wild poppies, and morals are changing. This is already realism. (They bribe Fortunato for hours. The father thinks about the new heir, who he plans to make his son-in-law, without having time to bury his son.)

But despite the easing of laws, humanism, and today it is important to maintain a sense of duty, honor, and today they treat betrayal with contempt. What work have we studied that addresses this same issue? (“The Captain’s Daughter,” who advises “Take care of your honor from a young age.”) It contains the idea of ​​high morality, honor, loyalty, duty, oath, human dignity, which a person must bring through any trials. This proverb, which has come down to us from time immemorial, has been and remains an excellent parting word for every young man. Because there are concepts that are the most important in all ages, there are prohibitions that “must not be violated.”

Remember the proverbs on this topic? (The child’s fault is the parents’ fault.)

Today we have seen how important it is to take into account time and circumstances to understand the character of a literary hero.

Neither one nor the other. Matteo commits an act that was dictated to him by local customs, his own understanding of human dignity.

One great man said,

that the most important thing is not to condemn or justify, but to understand

why did the person do this?

Perhaps we should understand Matteo’s action and travel back to those distant times.

So, what is Matteo like? Make a syncwine (3 minutes)

Teacher's word: reading a poem by Yashin.

IV. Reflection. Compilation of the PMI table.

V. Homework.

Answer one of the questions in writing:

1.What is Fortunato’s fault and misfortune?

2.Can Matteo Falcone’s cruel act be justified?

Teacher: Lapshina Svetlana Timofeevna.

Slide 2

Prosper Mérimée (1803-1870) French writer, author of the novel “Chronicle of the Times of Charles IX.”

Slide 3

What is a novella?

A novella is comparable in length to a short story. It differs from it in its sharp, rapidly developing plot and lack of descriptiveness.

Slide 4

• Prosper Merimee raises important moral questions, offering the most paradoxical answers. Honor, duty, mutual assistance, betrayal, law, forgiveness, son and father, love and death - just a few pages fit as much as another philosopher cannot present in a thick volume of his works.