The image of Denisov in the partisan war. Material for the composition. Denisov Vasily Dmitrievich - characteristics of a literary hero (character)

And the world ”there are historical, real-life persons: Kutuzov, Napoleon, Alexander, Bagration, Weyrother ... draws each of them the way he sees - sometimes completely biased; for example, Napoleon, of course, was not really what Tolstoy portrayed him. He invented many of the heroes of the novel, but what does it mean - invented? In the old prince Bolkonsky, in Andrei and Pierre, in Natasha, in prince Vasily and Dolokhov, the features of many people whom Tolstoy knew were combined. It is believed that Nikolai Ilyich Rostov and Marya Nikolaevna Bolkonskaya are to some extent copied from Tolstoy's parents, but these are not accurate portraits, and much in Nikolai and Princess Marya does not at all resemble the writer's father and mother.

Only one person in the novel has a definite prototype - Denisov. It was "written off" from the famous partisan poet, war of 1812 Denis Davydov. Even the name emphasizes the connection between a literary hero and a living person: Davydov's name was Denis Vasilyevich, in Tolstoy's novel - Vasily Denisov. But, describing the partisan in the fourth volume, Tolstoy will mention the activities of Denis Davydov not connected with Denisov in any way - and this will sort of separate him from the hero of the novel. And, besides, is it really so important to us, who are reading today, what kind of living person did Tolstoy have in mind? The people described in the novel live so clearly in our imagination that they turn out to be more familiar and more alive than, for example, the really existing Decembrists Batenkov or Fonvizin, and Pierre is closer to me than, say, Sergei Grigorievich Volkonsky, and I understand the wives of the Decembrists through ... Therefore, we will talk about Vasily Denisov - the way we see him in the novel, without trying to compare him with the prototype and decide what Tolstoy took from life and what he invented.

"Denisov had a red face, shining black eyes, a black tousled mustache and hair." A dashing cavalryman, gambler, gambler and master of drinking, he is at the same time romantically in love with a woman called "she" and tells Rostov in the most sublime expressions: "I am writing to her ... We sleep until we love. We are children of pg'akh ... but fell in love - and you are God, you are as pure as on the first day of creation ... "

For Rostov, Denisov is a model, an ideal of a real man: a brave, desperate man with an open soul. In battle, he "devil" turns under bullets on his dashing horse; he never has money - he drinks it away and loses, but when Telyanin stole his wallet, Denisov is ready to sacrifice the latter, just to preserve the honor of the regiment.

After Austerlitz, Denisov together with Rostov goes on vacation to Moscow - on the way, of course, gets drunk and, barely tearing his eyes, is present when Nikolai meets his family. When the old countess entered and lay face down on her son's chest, "Denisov, unnoticed by anyone, entered the room, stood there and looked at them, rubbing his eyes." Unlike Dolokhov, he is good. Just a good person, kind and able to feel, able to think about other people. Therefore, during the duel, where he was Dolokhov's second, he, unable to bear it, shouted to Pierre: “Shut up!”, So he hesitated, trying to delay the start of the duel.

Having met Denisov in the war, we see him through the eyes of Rostov - we admire his courage; reluctantly, we agree with his concern for the honor of the regiment. But we do not yet know this brave and pure person; he will open up in front of us in Moscow, when all of a sudden, just as desperately as he galloped into battle, he suddenly proposes to Natasha.

In front of himself and in front of all people, he pretends that he is jokingly courting a young girl, and does not understand that this girl has seriously taken possession of his thoughts. Here he is with Rostov at the children's ball patronizingly looking at the dancers:

• “How sweet she is, there will be kg'asavitsa,” Denisov said.
• - Who?
• - G'afina, - answered Denisov.
• - And how she dances, what a g'ation! - After a pause for a while, he said again.
• - Who are you talking about?
• - Pg'o sestg'u pg'o yours, - Denisov shouted angrily.

Tolstoy notes several times that Denisov admired Natasha's singing, "looked at her with enthusiastic eyes," "the whole ball did not leave her" after Natasha persuaded him to dance the mazurka.

• Natasha's mother, an old countess, could not believe her ears.
• “- Natasha, full of nonsense! she said, still hoping it was a joke.
• - Well, nonsense! I’m telling you something, ”Natasha said angrily. - I came to ask what to do, and you say to me: "nonsense" ...
• The Countess shrugged.
• - If it is true that Monsieur Denisov made you an offer, although this is ridiculous, then tell him that he is a fool, that's all.
• "No, he is not a fool," Natasha said, offended and serious. "

Countess is right in their indignation, "that they dared to look at her little Natasha as a big one." But it is in vain that she speaks so mockingly of Denisov: "Monsieur," it is in vain to call him a fool; Natasha understands Denisov with her heart better than her mother. This desperate man seeks and waits for pure love as impatiently as the brazen Dolokhov. All his romantic crush is only a search, only an expectation true love... Prince Andrey will understand this later: to meet with Denisov after breaking up with Natasha, he, the proud and jealous Prince Bolkonsky, will fondly remember Natasha's stories about this good man, about his love for her; and pain, not anger, will cause him to think that he and Denisov loved the same woman, but sad regret.

But straight and honest Denisov is unable to understand everything that happened to him. He took provisions "to feed his soldiers," while Telyanin is sitting in the food department "to put in his pocket"! Unable to restrain himself, Denisov beat Telyanin - now he faces a trial "for g'azba".

According to the laws of the honor of an officer, Denisov is right, and his comrades understand this. But according to the laws of the bureaucratic machine, he is to blame; papers and requests come to the regiment - and Denisov, reluctantly, decides to go to the hospital with a slight wound in order to avoid the need to report to his superiors.

Hospital scene, where Rostov came to visit Denisov, is very sad. It is no coincidence that Captain Tushin, who has lost his hand, turns out to be here - we remember how, in Bagration's eyes, Zherkov turned out to be a more reliable officer) than Tushin. And now he looks with his big sad eyes at Denisov, fearing for him. Denisov still does not understand anything and does not want to ask for pardon: “If I were a robber, I would ask for mercy, otherwise I am suing for what I bring to clean water robbers. Let them judge, I'm not afraid of anyone; I honestly served the fatherland and did not steal! "

And yet Denisov will remain faith in the moral ideal that he dreamed of since his youth. In 1812 he will forget his grievances, not up to them; he will join the partisans and will not defend the tsar -4- the fatherland. After the war, no one will need him again, he will start grumbling again, but one day he will say to Pierre: "Riot - that's it!" - and maybe! be he will also come to Senate Square, because they will come there in very different ways, united by only one thing - the dream of justice.

Among the heroes of "War and Peace" there are historical, real-life persons: Kutuzov, Napoleon, Alexander I, Bagration, Weyrother ... Tolstoy draws each of them the way he sees - sometimes completely biased; for example, Napoleon, of course, was not really what Tolstoy portrayed him.

The writer invented many of the heroes of the novel, but what does it mean - invented? In the old prince Bolkonsky, in Andrei and Pierre, in Natasha, in prince Vasily and Dolokhov, the features of many people whom Tolstoy knew were combined. It is believed that Nikolai Ilyich Rostov and Marya Nikolaevna Bolkonskaya are to some extent copied from Tolstoy's parents, but these are not accurate portraits, and much in Nikolai and Princess Marya does not at all resemble the writer's father and mother.

Only one person in the novel has a definite prototype - Denisov. It was "copied" from the famous partisan poet, hero of the war of 1812 Denis Davydov. Even the name emphasizes the connection between a literary hero and a living person: Davydov's name was Denis Vasilyevich, in Tolstoy's novel - Vasily Denisov.

But, describing the partisan war in the fourth volume, Tolstoy will mention the activities of Denis Davydov not connected with Denisov in any way - and this will sort of separate him from the hero of the novel.

And, besides, is it really so important to us, who read the novel today, what kind of living person did Tolstoy have in mind? The people described in the novel live so clearly in our imagination that Prince Andrey turns out to be more familiar and more alive than, for example, the really existing Decembrists Batenkov or Fonvizin, and Pierre is closer to me than, say, Sergei Grigorievich Volkonsky, and the wives of the Decembrists I understand through Natasha ... Therefore, we will talk about Vasily Denisov - the way we see him in the novel, without trying to compare him with the prototype and decide what Tolstoy took from life and what he invented.

“Denisov was little man with a red face, shiny black eyes, black tousled mustache and hair. "

A dashing cavalryman, a gambler, a gambler and a master of drink, he is at the same time romantically in love with a woman called "she", and tells Rostov in the most sublime expressions: "I am writing to her ... We sleep until we love. We are children of dust ... but fell in love - and you are God, you are pure, as on the first day of creation ... "

For Rostov, Denisov is a model, an ideal of a real man: a brave, desperate man with an open soul. In battle, he "devil" turns under bullets on his dashing horse; he never has money - he drinks it away and loses, but when Telyanin stole his wallet, Denisov is ready to sacrifice the latter, just to preserve the honor of the regiment.

After Austerlitz, Denisov together with Rostov goes on vacation to Moscow - on the way, of course, gets drunk and, barely tearing his eyes, is present when Nikolai meets his family. When the old countess entered and lay face down on her son's chest, "Denisov, unnoticed by anyone, entered the room, stood there and looked at them, rubbing his eyes."

Unlike Dolokhov, he is a good person. Just a good person, kind and able to feel, able to think about other people. Therefore, during the duel, where he was Dolokhov's second, he, unable to bear it, shouted to Pierre: “Shut up!”, So he hesitated, trying to delay the start of the duel.

Having met Denisov in the war, we see him through the eyes of Rostov - we admire his courage; reluctantly, we agree with his concern for the honor of the regiment. But we do not yet know this brave and pure person; he will open up in front of us in Moscow, when all of a sudden, just as desperately as he galloped into battle, he suddenly proposes to Natasha.

In front of himself and in front of all people, he pretends that he is jokingly courting a young girl, and does not understand that this girl has seriously taken possession of his thoughts. Here he is with Rostov at the children's ball patronizingly looking at the dancers:

“How sweet she is, she will be beautiful,” said Denisov.

Countess Natasha, - answered Denisov.

And how she dances, what grace! - after a pause, not

a lot, he said again.

Who are you talking about?

About your sister, about yours, ”Denisov shouted angrily.

Tolstoy notes several times that Denisov admired Natasha's singing, "looked at her with enthusiastic eyes," "the whole ball did not leave her" after Natasha persuaded him to dance the mazurka.

“Only on horseback and in the mazurka, Denisov's small stature was not visible, and he seemed to be the very young man he felt himself to be.” And we always see him as a good fellow - and therefore unbearably sorry for him when he - probably unexpectedly for himself - proposes to Natasha.

Natasha's mother, an old countess, could not believe her ears.

“- Natasha, full of nonsense! she said, still hoping it was a joke.

Well, nonsense! I’m telling you something, ”Natasha said angrily. - I came to ask what to do, and you say to me: "nonsense" ...

The Countess shrugged.

If it is true that Monsieur Denisov proposed to you, although this is ridiculous, then tell him that he is a fool, that's all.

No, he is not a fool, ”Natasha said, offended and serious."

The Countess is right in her indignation, "that they dared to look at her little Natasha as a big one." But it is in vain that she speaks so mockingly of Denisov: "Monsieur," it is in vain to call him a fool; Natasha understands Denisov with her heart better than her mother. This desperate man seeks and waits for pure love as impatiently as the brazen Dolokhov. All his romantic crush is only a search, only an expectation of true love. And so he met the girl he dreamed of, but she is still a child; Why did he, so brave and kind, have this ordeal?

Prince Andrey will understand this later: having met Denisov after the break with Natasha, he, the proud and jealous Prince Bolkonsky, will fondly remember Natasha's stories about this good man, about his love for her; and not pain, not anger will cause him to think that he and Denisov loved the same woman, but sad regret.

And Denisov still has many sorrows ahead, precisely because he is kind and honest. He is in a hurry to get to the regiment - why should he stay in Moscow now? He rushes to the regiment - there he is needed, there he is loved, there is his place. But a lot has changed in the regiment.

During the time that Denisov was on vacation, Napoleon managed to go to war with Prussia, defeat the Prussian army in a few days and move his troops towards the Russians. The position of the Russian troops was terrible, primarily because they stood in a ravaged German villages.

“The Pavlograd regiment lost only two wounded in business; but from hunger and disease he lost almost half of his people. "

Returning to the regiment and seeing that the soldiers were starving, Denisov set off on the road and simply by force recaptured the supply train from the infantrymen. This act of his had the most serious consequences, because in the food department, where Denisov was sent to explain himself, he saw ... Telyanin! That's when it turned out that the officers of the Pavlograd regiment had spared Telyanin in vain - he would not give Denisov mercy.

But the direct and honest Denisov is not able to understand everything that happened to him. He took provisions "to feed his soldiers," while Telyanin is sitting in the food department "to put in his pocket"! Unable to restrain himself, Denisov beat Telyanin - now he faces a trial "for robbery."

According to the laws of the honor of an officer, Denisov is right, and his comrades understand this. But according to the laws of the bureaucratic machine, he is to blame; papers and requests come to the regiment - and Denisov, reluctantly, decides to go to the hospital with a slight wound in order to avoid the need to report to his superiors.

The scene in the hospital, where Rostov came to visit Denisov, is very sad. It is no coincidence that Captain Tushin, who has lost his hand, turns up here - we remember how, in Bagration's eyes, Zherkov turned out to be a more reliable officer than Tushin. And now he looks with his big sad eyes at Denisov, fearing for him.

Denisov still does not understand anything and does not want to ask for pardon: “If I were a robber, I would ask for mercy, otherwise I am suing for bringing the robbers out into the open. Let them judge, I'm not afraid of anyone; I honestly served the king and fatherland and did not steal! "

But Denisov is not the same as before. The court case knocked him down - he no longer asks Rostov about his comrades, about the regiment's affairs; he is only interested in litigation with the food department. Denisov was broken. And, the most offensive, it was not the enemies who broke, not in battle, but their own. And still the comrades persuade him to stop fighting for justice and write to the tsar a petition for clemency.

“Apparently you can't break a butt with a whip,” he said, handing Rostov a large envelope. It was a request addressed to the sovereign ... in which Denisov, without mentioning anything about the wines of the food department, asked only for pardon.

Tell me, apparently ... "He did not finish and smiled a sickly false smile."

But that didn't help either. The king rejected the request.

Now he's on long years- a disgraced, gloomy loser. Until now, life seemed clear to him: be honest and courageous - and you will earn respect and honor. It turned out to be not so simple at all. No one remembered his merits, his courage - Telyanin won, but he was condemned.

Unhappy love for Natasha also played a role in Denisov's deep despair. It turned out: you can purely and faithfully love a girl, but this is still not enough for her to love you too.

The main thing that broke Denisov was the injustice of the world in which until recently everything was simple and clear.

And yet Denisov will remain faithful to the moral ideal that he dreamed of since his youth. In 1812 he will forget his grievances, not up to them; he will join the partisans and will not defend the tsar - the fatherland.

After the war, no one will need him again, he will start grumbling again, but one day he will say to Pierre: "Riot - that's it!" - and maybe he will also come to Senate Square, because they will come there in very different ways different people united by only one thing - the dream of justice.

Among the heroes of "War and Peace" there are historical, real-life persons: Kutuzov, Napoleon, Alexander I, Bagration, Weyrother ... Tolstoy draws each of them the way he sees - sometimes completely biased; for example, Napoleon, of course, was not really what Tolstoy portrayed him.

The writer invented many of the heroes of the novel, but what does it mean - invented? In the old prince Bolkonsky, in Andrei and Pierre, in Natasha, in prince Vasily and Dolokhov, the features of many people whom Tolstoy knew were combined. It is believed that Nikolai Ilyich Rostov and Marya Nikolaevna Bolkonskaya are to some extent copied from Tolstoy's parents, but these are not accurate portraits, and much in Nikolai and Princess Marya does not at all resemble the writer's father and mother.

Only one person in the novel has a definite prototype - Denisov. It was "copied" from the famous partisan poet, hero of the war of 1812 Denis Davydov. Even the name emphasizes the connection between a literary hero and a living person: Davydov's name was Denis Vasilyevich, in Tolstoy's novel - Vasily Denisov.

But, describing the partisan war in the fourth volume, Tolstoy will mention the activities of Denis Davydov not connected with Denisov in any way - and this will sort of separate him from the hero of the novel.

And, besides, is it really so important to us, who read the novel today, what kind of living person did Tolstoy have in mind? The people described in the novel live so clearly in our imagination that Prince Andrey turns out to be more familiar and more alive than, for example, the really existing Decembrists Batenkov or Fonvizin, and Pierre is closer to me than, say, Sergei Grigorievich Volkonsky, and the wives of the Decembrists I understand through Natasha ... Therefore, we will talk about Vasily Denisov - the way we see him in the novel, without trying to compare him with the prototype and decide what Tolstoy took from life and what he invented.

"Denisov was a small man with a red face, shining black eyes, a black tousled mustache and hair."

A dashing cavalryman, a gambler, a gambler and a master of drink, he is at the same time romantically in love with a woman called "she", and tells Rostov in the most sublime expressions: "I am writing to her ... We sleep until we love. We are children of dust ... but fell in love - and you are God, you are pure, as on the first day of creation ... "

For Rostov, Denisov is a model, an ideal of a real man: a brave, desperate man with an open soul. In battle, he "devil" turns under bullets on his dashing horse; he never has money - he drinks it away and loses, but when Telyanin stole his wallet, Denisov is ready to sacrifice the latter, just to preserve the honor of the regiment.

After Austerlitz, Denisov together with Rostov goes on vacation to Moscow - on the way, of course, gets drunk and, barely tearing his eyes, is present when Nikolai meets his family. When the old countess entered and lay face down on her son's chest, "Denisov, unnoticed by anyone, entered the room, stood there and looked at them, rubbing his eyes."

Unlike Dolokhov, he is a good person. Just a good person, kind and able to feel, able to think about other people. Therefore, during the duel, where he was Dolokhov's second, he, unable to bear it, shouted to Pierre: “Shut up!”, So he hesitated, trying to delay the start of the duel.

Having met Denisov in the war, we see him through the eyes of Rostov - we admire his courage; reluctantly, we agree with his concern for the honor of the regiment. But we do not yet know this brave and pure person; he will open up in front of us in Moscow, when all of a sudden, just as desperately as he galloped into battle, he suddenly proposes to Natasha.

In front of himself and in front of all people, he pretends that he is jokingly courting a young girl, and does not understand that this girl has seriously taken possession of his thoughts. Here he is with Rostov at the children's ball patronizingly looking at the dancers:

“How sweet she is, she will be beautiful,” said Denisov.

Countess Natasha, - answered Denisov.

And how she dances, what grace! - after a pause, not

a lot, he said again.

Who are you talking about?

About your sister, about yours, ”Denisov shouted angrily.

Tolstoy notes several times that Denisov admired Natasha's singing, "looked at her with enthusiastic eyes," "the whole ball did not leave her" after Natasha persuaded him to dance the mazurka.

“Only on horseback and in the mazurka, Denisov's small stature was not visible, and he seemed to be the very young man he felt himself to be.” And we always see him as a good fellow - and therefore unbearably sorry for him when he - probably unexpectedly for himself - proposes to Natasha.

Natasha's mother, an old countess, could not believe her ears.

“- Natasha, full of nonsense! she said, still hoping it was a joke.

Well, nonsense! I’m telling you something, ”Natasha said angrily. - I came to ask what to do, and you say to me: "nonsense" ...

The Countess shrugged.

If it is true that Monsieur Denisov proposed to you, although this is ridiculous, then tell him that he is a fool, that's all.

No, he is not a fool, ”Natasha said, offended and serious."

The Countess is right in her indignation, "that they dared to look at her little Natasha as a big one." But it is in vain that she speaks so mockingly of Denisov: "Monsieur," it is in vain to call him a fool; Natasha understands Denisov with her heart better than her mother. This desperate man seeks and waits for pure love as impatiently as the brazen Dolokhov. All his romantic crush is only a search, only an expectation of true love. And so he met the girl he dreamed of, but she is still a child; Why did he, so brave and kind, have this ordeal?

Prince Andrey will understand this later: having met Denisov after the break with Natasha, he, the proud and jealous Prince Bolkonsky, will fondly remember Natasha's stories about this good man, about his love for her; and not pain, not anger will cause him to think that he and Denisov loved the same woman, but sad regret.

And Denisov still has many sorrows ahead, precisely because he is kind and honest. He is in a hurry to get to the regiment - why should he stay in Moscow now? He rushes to the regiment - there he is needed, there he is loved, there is his place. But a lot has changed in the regiment.

During the time that Denisov was on vacation, Napoleon managed to go to war with Prussia, defeat the Prussian army in a few days and move his troops towards the Russians. The position of the Russian troops was terrible, primarily because they were stationed in the devastated German villages.

“The Pavlograd regiment lost only two wounded in business; but from hunger and disease he lost almost half of his people. "

Returning to the regiment and seeing that the soldiers were starving, Denisov set off on the road and simply by force recaptured the supply train from the infantrymen. This act of his had the most serious consequences, because in the food department, where Denisov was sent to explain himself, he saw ... Telyanin! That's when it turned out that the officers of the Pavlograd regiment had spared Telyanin in vain - he would not give Denisov mercy.

But the direct and honest Denisov is not able to understand everything that happened to him. He took provisions "to feed his soldiers," while Telyanin is sitting in the food department "to put in his pocket"! Unable to restrain himself, Denisov beat Telyanin - now he faces a trial "for robbery."

According to the laws of the honor of an officer, Denisov is right, and his comrades understand this. But according to the laws of the bureaucratic machine, he is to blame; papers and requests come to the regiment - and Denisov, reluctantly, decides to go to the hospital with a slight wound in order to avoid the need to report to his superiors.

The scene in the hospital, where Rostov came to visit Denisov, is very sad. It is no coincidence that Captain Tushin, who has lost his hand, turns up here - we remember how, in Bagration's eyes, Zherkov turned out to be a more reliable officer than Tushin. And now he looks with his big sad eyes at Denisov, fearing for him.

Denisov still does not understand anything and does not want to ask for pardon: “If I were a robber, I would ask for mercy, otherwise I am suing for bringing the robbers out into the open. Let them judge, I'm not afraid of anyone; I honestly served the king and fatherland and did not steal! "

But Denisov is not the same as before. The court case knocked him down - he no longer asks Rostov about his comrades, about the regiment's affairs; he is only interested in litigation with the food department. Denisov was broken. And, the most offensive, it was not the enemies who broke, not in battle, but their own. And still the comrades persuade him to stop fighting for justice and write to the tsar a petition for clemency.

“Apparently you can't break a butt with a whip,” he said, handing Rostov a large envelope. It was a request addressed to the sovereign ... in which Denisov, without mentioning anything about the wines of the food department, asked only for pardon.

Tell me, apparently ... "He did not finish and smiled a sickly false smile."

But that didn't help either. The king rejected the request.

Now he is a disgraced, gloomy loser for many years. Until now, life seemed clear to him: be honest and courageous - and you will earn respect and honor. It turned out to be not so simple at all. No one remembered his merits, his courage - Telyanin won, but he was condemned.

Unhappy love for Natasha also played a role in Denisov's deep despair. It turned out: you can purely and faithfully love a girl, but this is still not enough for her to love you too.

The main thing that broke Denisov was the injustice of the world in which until recently everything was simple and clear.

And yet Denisov will remain faithful to the moral ideal that he dreamed of since his youth. In 1812 he will forget his grievances, not up to them; he will join the partisans and will not defend the tsar - the fatherland.

After the war, no one will need him again, he will start grumbling again, but one day he will say to Pierre: "Riot - that's it!" - and maybe he will also come to Senate Square, because different people will come there in very different ways, united by only one thing - the dream of justice.

Alexey Durnovo talks about the prototypes of the heroes of the famous epic of Leo Tolstoy.

Prince Andrey Bolkonsky

Nikolay Tuchkov

One of those characters whose image is more fictional than borrowed from specific people. How unattainable moral ideal, Prince Andrey, of course, could not have had a definite prototype. Nevertheless, in the facts of the character's biography, you can find a lot in common, for example, with Nikolai Tuchkov.

Nikolai Rostov and Princess Marya - the writer's parents

He, just like Prince Andrei, was mortally wounded in the Battle of Borodino, from which he died in Yaroslavl three weeks later. The scene of the wounding of Prince Andrew at the Battle of Austerlitz is probably borrowed from the biography of Staff Captain Fyodor (Ferdinand) Tiesenhausen. He died with a banner in his hands when he led the Little Russian grenadier regiment against enemy bayonets in that very battle. It is possible that Tolstoy gave the image of Prince Andrei the features of his brother - Sergei. At least this concerns the story of the failed marriage of Bolkonsky and Natasha Rostova. Sergei Tolstoy was engaged to Tatyana Bers, but the marriage, postponed for a year, never took place. Either because of the inappropriate behavior of the bride, or because the groom had a gypsy wife, whom he did not want to part with.

Natasha Rostova

Sophia Tolstaya - the writer's wife

Natasha has two prototypes at once, the already mentioned Tatyana Bers and her sister - Sophia Bers. It should be noted here that Sophia is none other than the wife of Leo Tolstoy. Tatiana Bers married Senator Alexander Kuzminsky in 1867. Most She spent her childhood in the writer's family and managed to make friends with the author of War and Peace, even though she was almost 20 years younger than him. Moreover, under the influence of Tolstoy, Kuzminskaya herself took up literary creativity... It seems that every person who went to school knows about Sofya Andreyevna Tolstaya. She did rewrite War and Peace, a novel main character which had a lot common features with the author's wife.

Rostov

Ilya Andreevich Tolstoy - the writer's grandfather

The surname Rostov was formed by replacing the first and last letters in the surname Tolstoy. "P" instead of "t", "b" instead of "y", well, and minus "l". So the family, which occupies an important place in the novel, acquired a new name. The Rostovs are Tolstoy, or rather, the writer's paternal relatives. There is even a coincidence in the names, as in the case of the old Count Rostov.

Even Tolstoy did not hide that Vasily Denisov is Denis Davydov

Under this name lies the grandfather of the writer Ilya Andreevich Tolstoy. This man, in fact, led a rather lavish lifestyle and spent colossal sums on recreational activities. And yet, this is not the good-natured Ilya Andreevich Rostov from War and Peace. Count Tolstoy was the governor of Kazan and a bribe-taker known throughout Russia. He was removed from his post after the auditors discovered the theft of almost 15 thousand rubles from the provincial treasury. Tolstoy explained the loss of money by "lack of knowledge."

Nikolai Rostov is the father of the writer Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy. There are more than enough similarities between the prototype and the hero of War and Peace. Nikolai Tolstoy served in the hussars and went through all the Napoleonic wars, including the Patriotic War of 1812. It is believed that the descriptions of military scenes with the participation of Nikolai Rostov are taken by the writer from the memoirs of his father. Moreover, Tolstoy Sr. completed the financial ruin of the family constant losses in cards and debts, and to remedy the situation he married the ugly and withdrawn princess Maria Volkonskaya, who was four years older than him.

Princess Marya

Leo Tolstoy's mother Maria Nikolaevna Volkonskaya, by the way, is also a complete namesake of the book heroine. Unlike Princess Marya, she had no problems with the sciences, in particular with mathematics and geometry. She lived for 30 years with her father in Yasnaya Polyana (Lysye Gory from the novel), but never married, although she was a very enviable bride. The fact is that old prince, in fact, possessed a monstrous character, and his daughter was a closed woman and personally rejected several suitors.

Dolokhov's prototype probably ate his own orangutan

Princess Volkonskaya even had a companion - Miss Hanssen, somewhat similar to Mademoiselle Buryen from the novel. After the death of her father, the daughter began to literally give away the property, after which her relatives intervened in the matter, arranging the marriage of Maria Nikolaevna with Nikolai Tolstoy. Judging by the memoirs of contemporaries, the marriage of convenience turned out to be very happy, but short-lived. Maria Volkonskaya died eight years after the wedding, having managed to give birth to her husband four children.

Old Prince Bolkonsky

Nikolay Volkonsky, who quit royal service for the sake of raising an only daughter

Nikolai Sergeevich Volkonsky is an infantry general who distinguished himself in several battles and received the nickname "The Prussian King" from his colleagues. By nature, he is very similar to the old prince: proud, headstrong, but not cruel. Left the service after the accession of Paul I, retired to Yasnaya Polyana and took up raising his daughter.

Ilya Rostov's prototype - Tolstoy's grandfather, who ruined his career

He spent whole days improving his economy and teaching his daughter languages ​​and sciences. An important difference from the character from the book: Prince Nicholas survived the War of 1812 perfectly, and died only nine years later, a little short of seventy.

Sonya

Tatyana Ergolskaya is Nikolai Tolstoy's second cousin, who was brought up in his father's house. In their youth, they had an affair that never ended in marriage. Not only Nikolai's parents opposed the wedding, but also Ergolskaya herself. V last time She turned down a marriage proposal from a cousin in 1836. The widowed Tolstoy asked Yergolskaya's hand in order that she would become his wife and replace the mother with five children. Ergolskaya refused, but after the death of Nikolai Tolstoy she really took up the upbringing of his sons and daughter, devoting the rest of her life to them.

Dolokhov

Fedor Tolstoy-American

Dolokhov also has several prototypes. Among them, for example, lieutenant general and partisan Ivan Dorokhov, the hero of several major campaigns, including the war of 1812. However, if we talk about character, Dolokhov here has more similarities with Fyodor Ivanovich Tolstoy-American, a famous brute at one time, a player and a lover of women. It must be said that Tolstoy is not the only writer to include the American in his works. Fyodor Ivanovich is also considered the prototype of Zaretsky - Lensky's second from Eugene Onegin. Tolstoy got his nickname after he made a trip to America, during which he got off the ship and ate his own monkey.

Kuraginy

Alexey Borisovich Kurakin

In this case, it is difficult to talk about the family, because the images of Prince Vasily, Anatole and Helen are borrowed from several people who are not related by kinship. Kuragin Sr. is undoubtedly Alexei Borisovich Kurakin, a prominent courtier during the reign of Paul I and Alexander I, who made at court brilliant career and made a fortune.

Helen's prototypes - the wife of Bagration and the mistress of a classmate of Pushkin

He had three children, exactly like Prince Vasily, of whom his daughter brought him most of the trouble. Alexandra Alekseevna really had a scandalous reputation, especially her divorce from her husband made a lot of noise in the world. Prince Kurakin, in one of his letters, even called his daughter the main burden of his old age. Sounds like a War and Peace character, doesn't it? Although, Vasily Kuragin expressed himself a little differently.

Anatol Kuragin, apparently, does not have a prototype, except for Anatoly Lvovich Shostak, who at one time seduced Tatiana Bers.

Ekaterina Skavronskaya-Bagration

As for Helene, her image is taken from several women at once. In addition to some similarities with Alexandra Kurakina, she has much in common with Ekaterina Skvaronskaya (Bagration's wife), who was known for her careless behavior not only in Russia, but also in Europe. In her homeland she was called the "Wandering Princess", and in Austria she was known as the mistress of Clemens Metternich, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Empire. From him Ekaterina Skavronskaya gave birth - of course, out of wedlock - daughter Clementine. Perhaps it was the "Wandering Princess" who contributed to the entry of Austria into the anti-Napoleonic coalition. Another woman from whom Tolstoy could borrow the features of Helene is Nadezhda Akinfova. She was born in 1840 and was very famous in St. Petersburg and Moscow as a woman scandalous reputation and riotous disposition. She gained wide popularity thanks to her romance with Chancellor Alexander Gorchakov, a classmate of Pushkin. By the way, he was 40 years older than Akinfova, her husband, who was the chancellor's grand-nephew.

Vasily Denisov

Denis Davydov

Every student knows that Denis Davydov was the prototype of Vasily Denisov. Tolstoy himself admitted this.

Julie Karagina

There is an opinion that Julie Karagina is Varvara Aleksandrovna Lanskaya. She is known exclusively for the fact that she had a long correspondence with her friend Maria Volkova. From these letters, Tolstoy studied the history of the War of 1812. Moreover, they almost completely entered War and Peace under the guise of correspondence between Princess Marya and Julia Karagina.

Pierre Bezukhov

Peter Vyazemsky

Alas, Pierre does not have any obvious or even approximate prototype. This character has similarities with both Tolstoy himself and with many historical figures who lived at the time of the writer and in the years Patriotic War... For example, there is an interesting story about how the historian and poet Pyotr Vyazemsky went to the site of the Borodino battle. Allegedly, this incident formed the basis of the story of how Pierre traveled to Borodino. But Vyazemsky was a military man at that time, and he arrived on the battlefield not by an internal call, but by official duties.

Vasily Denisov in the novel "War and Peace"

Among the heroes of "War and Peace" there are historical, real-life persons: Kutuzov, Napoleon, Alexander I, Bagration, Weyrother ... Tolstoy draws each of them the way he sees - sometimes completely biased; for example, Napoleon, of course, was not really what Tolstoy portrayed him.

The writer invented many of the heroes of the novel, but what does it mean - invented? In the old prince Bolkonsky, in Andrei and Pierre, in Natasha, in prince Vasily and Dolokhov, the features of many people whom Tolstoy knew were combined. It is believed that Nikolai Ilyich Rostov and Marya Nikolaevna Bolkonskaya are to some extent copied from Tolstoy's parents, but these are not accurate portraits, and much in Nikolai and Princess Marya does not at all resemble the writer's father and mother.

Only one person in the novel has a definite prototype - Denisov. It was "copied" from the famous partisan poet, hero of the war of 1812 Denis Davydov. Even the name emphasizes the connection between a literary hero and a living person: Davydov's name was Denis Vasilyevich, in Tolstoy's novel - Vasily Denisov.

But, describing the partisan war in the fourth volume, Tolstoy will mention the activities of Denis Davydov not connected with Denisov in any way - and this will sort of separate him from the hero of the novel.

And, besides, is it really so important to us, who read the novel today, what kind of living person did Tolstoy have in mind? The people described in the novel live so clearly in our imagination that Prince Andrey turns out to be more familiar and more alive than, for example, the really existing Decembrists Batenkov or Fonvizin, and Pierre is closer to me than, say, Sergei Grigorievich Volkonsky, and the wives of the Decembrists I understand through Natasha ... Therefore, we will talk about Vasily Denisov - the way we see him in the novel, without trying to compare him with the prototype and decide what Tolstoy took from life and what he invented.

"Denisov was a small man with a red face, shining black eyes, a black tousled mustache and hair."

A dashing cavalryman, a gambler, a gambler and a master of drink, he is at the same time romantically in love with a woman called "she", and tells Rostov in the most sublime expressions: "I am writing to her ... We sleep until we love. We are children of dust ... but fell in love - and you are God, you are pure, as on the first day of creation ... "

For Rostov, Denisov is a model, an ideal of a real man: a brave, desperate man with an open soul. In battle, he "devil" turns under bullets on his dashing horse; he never has money - he drinks it away and loses, but when Telyanin stole his wallet, Denisov is ready to sacrifice the latter, just to preserve the honor of the regiment.

After Austerlitz, Denisov together with Rostov goes on vacation to Moscow - on the way, of course, gets drunk and, barely tearing his eyes, is present when Nikolai meets his family. When the old countess entered and lay face down on her son's chest, "Denisov, unnoticed by anyone, entered the room, stood there and looked at them, rubbing his eyes."

Unlike Dolokhov, he is a good person. Just a good person, kind and able to feel, able to think about other people. Therefore, during the duel, where he was Dolokhov's second, he, unable to bear it, shouted to Pierre: “Shut up!”, So he hesitated, trying to delay the start of the duel.

Having met Denisov in the war, we see him through the eyes of Rostov - we admire his courage; reluctantly, we agree with his concern for the honor of the regiment. But we do not yet know this brave and pure person; he will open up in front of us in Moscow, when all of a sudden, just as desperately as he galloped into battle, he suddenly proposes to Natasha.

In front of himself and in front of all people, he pretends that he is jokingly courting a young girl, and does not understand that this girl has seriously taken possession of his thoughts. Here he is with Rostov at the children's ball patronizingly looking at the dancers:

“How sweet she is, she will be beautiful,” said Denisov.

Countess Natasha, - answered Denisov.

And how she dances, what grace! - after a pause, not

a lot, he said again.

Who are you talking about?

About your sister, about yours, ”Denisov shouted angrily.

Tolstoy notes several times that Denisov admired Natasha's singing, "looked at her with enthusiastic eyes," "the whole ball did not leave her" after Natasha persuaded him to dance the mazurka.

“Only on horseback and in the mazurka, Denisov's small stature was not visible, and he seemed to be the very young man he felt himself to be.” And we always see him as a good fellow - and therefore unbearably sorry for him when he - probably unexpectedly for himself - proposes to Natasha.

Natasha's mother, an old countess, could not believe her ears.

“- Natasha, full of nonsense! she said, still hoping it was a joke.

Well, nonsense! I’m telling you something, ”Natasha said angrily. - I came to ask what to do, and you say to me: "nonsense" ...

The Countess shrugged.

If it is true that Monsieur Denisov proposed to you, although this is ridiculous, then tell him that he is a fool, that's all.

No, he is not a fool, ”Natasha said, offended and serious."

The Countess is right in her indignation, "that they dared to look at her little Natasha as a big one." But it is in vain that she speaks so mockingly of Denisov: "Monsieur," it is in vain to call him a fool; Natasha understands Denisov with her heart better than her mother. This desperate man seeks and waits for pure love as impatiently as the brazen Dolokhov. All his romantic crush is only a search, only an expectation of true love. And so he met the girl he dreamed of, but she is still a child; Why did he, so brave and kind, have this ordeal?

Prince Andrey will understand this later: having met Denisov after the break with Natasha, he, the proud and jealous Prince Bolkonsky, will fondly remember Natasha's stories about this good man, about his love for her; and not pain, not anger will cause him to think that he and Denisov loved the same woman, but sad regret.

And Denisov still has many sorrows ahead, precisely because he is kind and honest. He is in a hurry to get to the regiment - why should he stay in Moscow now? He rushes to the regiment - there he is needed, there he is loved, there is his place. But a lot has changed in the regiment.

During the time that Denisov was on vacation, Napoleon managed to go to war with Prussia, defeat the Prussian army in a few days and move his troops towards the Russians. The position of the Russian troops was terrible, primarily because they were stationed in the devastated German villages.

“The Pavlograd regiment lost only two wounded in business; but from hunger and disease he lost almost half of his people. "

Returning to the regiment and seeing that the soldiers were starving, Denisov set off on the road and simply by force recaptured the supply train from the infantrymen. This act of his had the most serious consequences, because in the food department, where Denisov was sent to explain himself, he saw ... Telyanin! That's when it turned out that the officers of the Pavlograd regiment had spared Telyanin in vain - he would not give Denisov mercy.

But the direct and honest Denisov is not able to understand everything that happened to him. He took provisions "to feed his soldiers," while Telyanin is sitting in the food department "to put in his pocket"! Unable to restrain himself, Denisov beat Telyanin - now he faces a trial "for robbery."

According to the laws of the honor of an officer, Denisov is right, and his comrades understand this. But according to the laws of the bureaucratic machine, he is to blame; papers and requests come to the regiment - and Denisov, reluctantly, decides to go to the hospital with a slight wound in order to avoid the need to report to his superiors.

The scene in the hospital, where Rostov came to visit Denisov, is very sad. It is no coincidence that Captain Tushin, who has lost his hand, turns up here - we remember how, in Bagration's eyes, Zherkov turned out to be a more reliable officer than Tushin. And now he looks with his big sad eyes at Denisov, fearing for him.

Denisov still does not understand anything and does not want to ask for pardon: “If I were a robber, I would ask for mercy, otherwise I am suing for bringing the robbers out into the open. Let them judge, I'm not afraid of anyone; I honestly served the king and fatherland and did not steal! "

But Denisov is not the same as before. The court case knocked him down - he no longer asks Rostov about his comrades, about the regiment's affairs; he is only interested in litigation with the food department. Denisov was broken. And, the most offensive, it was not the enemies who broke, not in battle, but their own. And still the comrades persuade him to stop fighting for justice and write to the tsar a petition for clemency.

“Apparently you can't break a butt with a whip,” he said, handing Rostov a large envelope. It was a request addressed to the sovereign ... in which Denisov, without mentioning anything about the wines of the food department, asked only for pardon.

Tell me, apparently ... "He did not finish and smiled a sickly false smile."

But that didn't help either. The king rejected the request.

Now he is a disgraced, gloomy loser for many years. Until now, life seemed clear to him: be honest and courageous - and you will earn respect and honor. It turned out to be not so simple at all. No one remembered his merits, his courage - Telyanin won, but he was condemned.

Unhappy love for Natasha also played a role in Denisov's deep despair. It turned out: you can purely and faithfully love a girl, but this is still not enough for her to love you too.

The main thing that broke Denisov was the injustice of the world in which until recently everything was simple and clear.

And yet Denisov will remain faithful to the moral ideal that he dreamed of since his youth. In 1812 he will forget his grievances, not up to them; he will join the partisans and will not defend the tsar - the fatherland.

After the war, no one will need him again, he will start grumbling again, but one day he will say to Pierre: "Riot - that's it!" - and maybe he will also come to Senate Square, because different people will come there in very different ways, united by only one thing - the dream of justice.

Bibliography

For the preparation of this work were used materials from the site bankreferatov.ru/