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(October 13, 1883, Mogilev, – March 15, 1938, Moscow). From the family of a high school teacher. In 1901 he graduated from the gymnasium in Vilna with a gold medal, in 1907 he graduated from the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University, assistant attorney, then attorney. Since 1903, member of the RSDLP, Bolshevik. He conducted party work in Vilna, Vitebsk, Kaunas, and St. Petersburg. Participant in the Revolution of 1905-07. He was arrested several times. He collaborated in the newspapers "Pravda", "Zvezda", the magazines "Insurance Issues", "Prosveshchenie", in the publishing house "Priboi". He was a member of the legal commission of the Social Democratic faction of the 3rd and 4th State Dumas, and was nominated as a candidate for deputy of the 4th State Duma. In 1914, after the declaration of war, he was administratively exiled to the Urals.

After the February Revolution of 1917, he immediately left Kungur for Perm. On March 12, a meeting of party workers in the Urals created the Organizing Committee for the restoration of the regional organization of the RSDLP; Krestinsky became the head of the Organizing Committee. On March 5-7, the Urals Council was formed in Perm, to which Krestinsky was elected. In the second half of March, he went to Petrograd, where he participated in the work of the All-Russian Conference of Soviets and the All-Russian Conference of Party Workers, at which he took an uncompromising position on the issue of unification with the Mensheviks, as well as in relation to the Provisional Government: “The Provisional Government and we are two hostile forces "("Questions of the History of the CPSU", 1962, No. 5, p. 119). Together with Ya.M. Sverdlov prepared and held on April 14–15 in Yekaterinburg the 1st (Free) Ural Regional Social Democratic Conference, at which, in a report on the party’s attitude towards the Provisional Government, he noted that “... only the pressure of revolutionary democracy forces the government to implement its program in political area..." ("Ural Region", 1917, April 17); elected chairman of the Yekaterinburg Regional Committee of the RSDLP(b). He was a comrade of the chairman of the Yekaterinburg Party Committee, a member of the Yekaterinburg Council of the RSD, a member of the Ural Committee of the Councils of the RSD, a member of the editorial board and employee of the Ural Pravda and the Ural Worker. On May 3, the chairman of the meeting on elections to the City Duma (from July 30, the Duma will be elected). The 6th Congress of the RSDLP(b) (July 26 – August 3) elected Krestinsky in absentia as a member of the Central Committee. In September, he participated in the All-Russian Democratic Conference. About this period, Krestinsky wrote: “Working in the Urals, he directly took a small part in Soviet work. He was only a member of the executive committee of the Yekaterinburg Soviet, participated in all regional and district congresses and at the last, before October, district Yekaterinburg congress, where the Bolsheviks received a majority - presided" (Figures of the USSR and the revolutionary movement of Russia. Encyclopedic Dictionary Granat, M., 1989, p. 463). The transfer of power to the Soviets in Yekaterinburg was bloodless.

On December 9, the Yekaterinburg city conference of the RSDLP(b) adopted a resolution proposed by Krestinsky, which stated: “...The Constituent Assembly will only be a true exponent of the will and the majority of the people if it follows the intended path - creating the foundations of a new socialist system on the ruins of the capitalist system society and recognizes the Soviets of the RSKD as the only bodies of power... Whatever the balance of party forces in the Constituent Assembly, representatives of bourgeois parties have no place in it" ("Ural Worker", 1917, December 15). On December 16, he took part in the work of the provincial congress of Soviets of the RSD. On December 22, he left for Petrograd to participate in the Constituent Assembly.

Since the end of December 1917, member of the Narkomfin board. During the Brest-Litovsk negotiations he was against the treaty with Germany. On January 15, 1918, he signed a statement by a group of members of the Central Committee and people's commissars on the immediate convening of a party conference to resolve this issue. On February 18, when voting in the Central Committee on the question “should we immediately turn to the German government with a peace proposal?” was against it. At the Statement to the Central Committee of the group of “left communists” on the deployment of widespread agitation against the line of the Central Committee, addressed to the meeting on February 22, together with A.A. Ioffe and F.E. Dzerzhinsky added a note: “Considering the decision taken by the majority of the Central Committee to be incorrect, we cannot join this statement, since we believe that widespread agitation in party circles against the policy of the majority of the Central Committee could currently lead to a split, which we consider unacceptable” ["Protocols Central Committee of the RSDLP (b)", p. 210]. On February 23, together with them, he signed a statement to the Central Committee that a possible split in the party was more dangerous for the revolution than an agreement with Germany: “... not being able to vote for peace, we abstain from voting on this issue” (ibid., p. 216).

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Nikolai Nikolaevich Krestinsky(October 13, Mogilev, Russian Empire - March 15, Moscow, USSR) - Soviet politician, Bolshevik revolutionary, lawyer by training.

Biography

Born into the family of a high school teacher.

In 1912, he was nominated for elections to the State Duma of the 4th convocation in St. Petersburg.

In October 1921, due to the aggravation of the political situation in Germany, he was appointed plenipotentiary envoy to this country. In - gg. supported the "left opposition". In 1926 he left her. He was a plenipotentiary representative (ambassador) in Germany continuously from June 20, 1922 to September 26, 1930. In -1937, Krestinsky was deputy and first deputy people's commissar for foreign affairs of the USSR.

In March-May 1937, for a short time he was the first deputy people's commissar of justice of the USSR, then he was arrested. The investigation was led by A.I. Langfang. Krestinsky was accused of having connections with Trotsky, with German intelligence, and of preparing terrorist acts against the party leadership. At the trial in the case of the “anti-Soviet right-wing Trotskyist bloc,” the only one of the accused did not admit his guilt on the first day of the trial, but soon did so. Sentenced by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR to an exceptional punishment on March 12, 1938, executed by execution on March 15, 1938. Rehabilitated in July 1963. .

Family

Wife - Vera Moiseevna (1885-1963) - chief physician of the hospital named after N. F. Filatov, arrested in February 1938, sentenced to 8 years in the camps.
The daughter, Natalya Nikolaevna Krestinskaya, was arrested and sent into exile in June 1939, and later became an Honored Doctor of the USSR.

Memory

• In Yekaterinburg there is a street named after Krestinsky.

Write a review about the article "Krestinsky, Nikolai Nikolaevich"

Literature

• Popov N. N. I was and remain a communist (About N.N. Krestinsky) // Opening new pages. - M.: Politizdat, 1989. - P. 244-252.

Notes

Links

• Krestinsky N. N- article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.

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An excerpt characterizing Krestinsky, Nikolai Nikolaevich

Athenais nodded:
“I guard this interworld, I can let you through there,” and, looking affectionately at Stella, she added. - And you, child, I will help you find yourself...
The woman smiled softly and waved her hand. Her strange dress fluttered, and her hand began to look like a white-silver, soft fluffy wing... from which stretched out, scattering with golden reflections, another, blinding with gold and almost dense, light sunny road that led straight to the “flaming” one in the distance , open golden door...
- Well, shall we go? – already knowing the answer in advance, I asked Stella.
“Oh, look, there’s someone there...” the little girl pointed her finger inside the same door.
We easily slipped inside and... as if in a mirror, we saw a second Stella!.. Yes, yes, exactly Stella!.. Exactly the same as the one who, completely confused, was standing next to me at that moment...
“But it’s me?!..”, the shocked little girl whispered, looking at the “other herself” with all her eyes. – It’s really me... How can this be?..
So far I could not answer her seemingly simple question, since I myself stood completely taken aback, not finding any explanation for this “absurd” phenomenon...
Stella quietly extended her hand to her twin and touched the same small fingers extended to her. I wanted to shout that this could be dangerous, but when I saw her satisfied smile, I remained silent, deciding to see what would happen next, but at the same time I was on guard, in case something suddenly went wrong.
“So it’s me...” the little girl whispered in delight. - Oh, how wonderful! It's really me...
Her thin fingers began to glow brightly, and the “second” Stella began to slowly melt, smoothly flowing through the same fingers into the “real” Stella standing next to me. Her body began to become denser, but not in the same way that a physical body would become denser, but as if it began to glow much more densely, filling with some kind of unearthly radiance.
Suddenly I felt someone’s presence behind me - it was again our friend, Athenais.
“Forgive me, bright child, but you will not come for your “imprint” very soon... You still have a very long time to wait,” she looked more attentively into my eyes. - Or maybe you won’t come at all...
– How do you mean “I won’t come”?!.. – I was scared. – If everyone comes, then I will come too!
- Don't know. For some reason your destiny is closed to me. I can't answer you, I'm sorry...
I was very upset, but, trying my best not to show this to Athenais, I asked as calmly as possible:
– What kind of “fingerprint” is this?
- Oh, everyone, when they die, comes back for him. When your soul ends its “languishing” in another earthly body, at the moment when it says goodbye to it, it flies to its real Home, and, as it were, “announces” its return... And then, it leaves this “ seal". But after this, she must again return back to dense earth in order to say goodbye forever to who she was... and a year later, having said “the last goodbye”, leave from there... And then, this free soul comes here to merge with the part of himself left behind and find peace, awaiting a new journey to the “old world”...
I didn’t understand then what Athenais was talking about, it just sounded very beautiful...
And only now, after many, many years (having long ago absorbed with my “hungry” soul the knowledge of my amazing husband, Nikolai), looking through my funny past today for this book, I remembered Athenais with a smile, and, of course, I realized that , what she called the “imprint,” was simply an energy surge that happens to each of us at the moment of our death, and reaches exactly the level to which the deceased person was able to reach with his development. And what Athenais called then “farewell” to “who she was” was nothing more than the final separation of all existing “bodies” of the essence from her dead physical body, so that she would now have the opportunity to finally leave, and there , on her “floor”, to merge with her missing piece, the level of development of which she, for one reason or another, did not manage to “reach” while living on earth. And this departure occurred exactly after a year.
But I understand all this now, and then it was still very far away, and I had to be content with my still very childish understanding of everything that was happening to me, and my sometimes erroneous and sometimes correct guesses...
– Do entities on other “floors” also have the same “imprints”? – the inquisitive Stella asked interestedly.
“Yes, of course they do, but they are different,” Athenais answered calmly. – And not on all “floors” they are as pleasant as here... Especially on one...
- Oh, I know! This is probably the “bottom” one! Oh, you definitely have to go and see it! This is so interesting! – Stella chirped contentedly again.
It was simply amazing how quickly and easily she forgot everything that had frightened or surprised her just a minute ago, and again cheerfully strived to learn something new and unknown to her.
- Farewell, young maidens... It's time for me to leave. May your happiness be eternal...” Athenais said in a solemn voice.
And again she smoothly waved her “winged” hand, as if showing us the way, and a familiar path, shining with gold, immediately ran in front of us...
And the wondrous woman-bird again quietly floated in her airy fairy-tale boat, again ready to meet and guide new, “searching for themselves” travelers, patiently serving some kind of special vow, incomprehensible to us...
- Well? Where shall we go, “young maiden”?.. – I asked my little friend, smiling.
- Why did she call us that? – Stella asked thoughtfully. “Do you think that’s what they said where she once lived?”
– I don’t know... It was probably a very long time ago, but for some reason she remembers it.
- All! Let’s move on!.. – suddenly, as if waking up, the little girl exclaimed.
This time we did not follow the path so helpfully offered to us, but decided to move “our own way,” exploring the world on our own, which, as it turned out, we had quite a bit of.
We moved towards a transparent, golden-glowing, horizontal “tunnel”, of which there were a great many here, and along which entities were constantly moving smoothly back and forth.
- What is this, like an earthly train? – I asked, laughing at the funny comparison.
“No, it’s not that simple...” Stella answered. – I was in it, it’s like a “time train”, if you want to call it that...
– But there’s no time here, is there? – I was surprised.
– That’s right, but these are different habitats of entities... Those who died thousands of years ago, and those who came just now. My grandmother showed this to me. That's where I found Harold... Do you want to see?
Well, of course I wanted to! And it seemed that nothing in the world could stop me! These stunning “steps into the unknown” excited my already too vivid imagination and did not allow me to live in peace until I, almost falling from fatigue, but wildly pleased with what I saw, returned to my “forgotten” physical body and fell asleep, trying to rest for at least an hour to recharge your finally “dead” life “batteries”...
So, without stopping, we again calmly continued our little journey, now calmly “floating”, hanging in a soft, soul-lulling “tunnel” that penetrates every cell, enjoying with pleasure watching the marvelous flow of dazzlingly colorful colors created by someone through each other. (like Stelline) and very different “worlds” that either became denser or disappeared, leaving behind the fluttering tails of rainbows sparkling with wondrous colors...

Nikolai Nikolaevich Krestinsky (October 13 (25), 1883, Mogilev, Russian Empire - March 15, 1938, Moscow, USSR) - Soviet politician, Bolshevik revolutionary, lawyer by education.

Born into the family of a high school teacher. In 1901 he graduated from the Vilna Gymnasium with a gold medal, in 1907 he graduated from the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University, after which he worked as an assistant and a sworn attorney. Member of the RSDLP since 1903, since 1905 - Bolshevik. Since 1906, he represented the North-Western Regional Committee of the RSDLP in the Central Committee and the Bolshevik Center. In 1908-1914. legal adviser to a number of trade unions and social democratic factions in the 3rd and 4th State Dumas.
After the February Revolution of 1917, he was elected chairman of the Yekaterinburg Regional Committee of the RSDLP (b) and found himself in opposition to the “right” course pursued by Kamenev and Stalin, but at the March meeting he remained in the minority. The effectiveness of his work in Yekaterinburg is evidenced by the fact that the local Council was the first in Russia to become Bolshevik in composition and took power into its own hands back in June 1917.
At the VI Congress of the RSDLP (b) (1917) he was elected a member of the Central Committee. During the discussion of the Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty, he was one of the leaders of the “left” communists. From 1918 to 1921 he served as People's Commissar of Finance of the RSFSR. On March 25, 1919, he was elected to the first Politburo, at the same time he was a member of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee and the Executive Secretary of the Central Committee (unofficially called the “General Secretary”) until 1921. During the conflict “on the issue of the NKPS,” which later resulted in a “discussion about trade unions,” he supported Leon Trotsky. For this, at the Tenth Congress (1921) he was removed from the Central Committee and, accordingly, the Politburo, freeing his post first for Molotov, and ultimately for Stalin. Many delegates to the congress turned out to be more far-sighted than Lenin: although Krestinsky was not included in the voting list proposed by the “group of ten,” 161 delegates out of 479, nevertheless, wrote his name on the ballot - a unique case in the history of the party.
In October 1921, due to the aggravation of the political situation in Germany, he was appointed plenipotentiary envoy to this country. In 1923-1926. supported the "left opposition". In 1926 he left her. In 1930-1937, Krestinsky was Deputy and First Deputy People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR.
In March - May 1937, for a short time he was Deputy People's Commissar of Justice of the USSR, only to soon find himself repressed. At the trial in the case of the “anti-Soviet right-wing Trotskyist bloc” (the only one of the accused did not admit his guilt on the first day of the trial, but after another beating he gave the required testimony) he was groundlessly accused of having connections with Trotsky, with German intelligence, of preparing terrorist acts against the party leadership and sentenced to capital punishment on March 12, 1938. Shot on March 15, 1938, rehabilitated in 1963.
Family
Wife - Vera Moiseevna (1885-1963) - chief physician of the hospital named after N. F. Filatov, arrested in February 1938, sentenced to 8 years in the camps.
Daughter, Natalya Nikolaevna Krestinskaya, was arrested and sent into exile in June 1939, and later became an Honored Doctor of the RSFSR.
Literature
* Popov N.N. Was and remains a communist (About N.N. Krestinsky) // Opening new pages. - M.: Politizdat, 1989. - P. 244-252.
Links
* Biographies of Krestinsky on Chronos
* Krestinsky N.N. // TSB

The first Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee was created in March 1919 after the Eighth Party Congress. It included Stalin, Beloborodov, Serebryakov, Stasova, Krestinsky. As can be seen from its composition, it was supposed to deal with some organization of the technical apparatus of the party and some distribution of its forces. The ambassador in Berlin, Krestinsky, was entrusted with financing the German revolution from the State Bank commercial funds deposited in Berlin for commercial transactions.

Old Bolshevik, prominent party and statesman. Member of the party since 1903 Participant in the revolution of 1905 1907 At the VI Congress of the RSDLP(b) he was elected a member of the Central Committee. In the October days, the chairman of the Yekaterinburg Military Revolutionary Committee. During the period of the Brest Peace Treaty, he joined the “left communists” In 1921 - 1922. - People's Commissar of Finance of the RSFSR, at the same time in 1919 - 1922. Secretary of the Central Committee of the RCP(b). Since 1921 in diplomatic and government work. In 1919 - 1921 - Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (b). In 1927 he joined the Trotskyist opposition, with which he soon broke.

Krestinsky, Nikolai Nikolaevich

Krestinsky I. N.

(1883-1938;autobiography). - Genus. October 13 (26), 1883 in the city. Mogilev-on-Dnieper, in the family of a gymnasium teacher. Father and mother are Ukrainians, natives of the Chernigov province. As a high school student, my father was influenced by nihilistic sentiments, which at that time were very developed in intellectual circles. In her youth, my mother was close to the populists. However, soon family concerns forced the parents to move away from the social movement: the father became a teacher-official, the mother became an intelligentsia philistine. Thus, K.’s family did not develop a revolutionary feeling in him, but instilled in him the need to be guided in his behavior by more than just personal interests. K. studied at the Vilna gymnasium, which he graduated from in 1901. Then he entered the Faculty of Law at St. Petersburg University and, graduating in 1907, began working first as an assistant to a sworn attorney, and then as a sworn attorney (until 1917). . K. began to become acquainted with the revolutionary movement and revolutionary literature in the last classes of the gymnasium under the influence of some of his gymnasium comrades who had personal connections among workers of the Polish and Russian labor movement. But the gymnasium gymnastics teacher, officer I. O. Klopov, a Social Democrat, had a particularly strong influence on him in this regard.

From the end of 1901, K. began to take an active part in the revolutionary movement among students and military personnel. K. became a Social Democrat in 1903 and joined the then emerging Vilna organization of the RSDLP, in which the factional division into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks had not yet emerged. In the era of 1905, K. became acquainted with foreign Bolshevik literature and determined his sympathies for Bolshevism. From 1903 to 1906 inclusive, he worked in the Northwestern Territory, in the Vilna, Vitebsk and Kovno organizations, with temporary visits to St. Petersburg. Beginning in 1907, he worked in St. Petersburg, in the Vasileostrovsky district, then went on to work on the trade union movement, working in Duma factions and in the Bolshevik press. During elections to the 4th States. The Duma was nominated as a Bolshevik candidate.

The first time he was arrested in Vilna in the fall of 1904, released pending trial, the second time - in St. Petersburg in February 1905 during the elections to the Shidlovsky commission.

Released pending trial with expulsion from St. Petersburg; then he was administratively arrested twice in Vilna in the summer and autumn of 1905, released as a result of the October strike of 1905 with the termination of both court cases under an amnesty. Arrested again in Vitebsk in January 1906, released in April of the same year with deportation from the Vitebsk province; arrested again in Vilna administratively in August and October 1906, after which he left for St. Petersburg. In St. Petersburg he was arrested in an ambush on the day of the dissolution of the Second State. Duma, released after a search of the apartment. In 1912 he was charged under Article 102. for belonging to a party in connection with the organization of Pravda, the insurance movement and the election campaign. In 1914, after the declaration of war, he was arrested and administratively deported to the Urals, first to Yekaterinburg, then to Kungur. He spent the first year of the revolution until December 1917 in the Urals, working in the Yekaterinburg and Ural regional (chairman) committees of the RSDLP (b); at the VI Party Congress in July 1917, he was elected in absentia as a member of the Central Committee, which he remained until the X Party Congress (March 1921). From December 1914 to March 1921 he was Secretary of the Central Committee of the RCP(b).

While working in the Urals, he directly took a small part in Soviet work. He was only a member of the executive committee of Yekaterinburg. Council, participated in all regional and district congresses and at the last, before October, district Ekaterinburg. congress, where the Bolsheviks received a majority, presided. He was the chairman of the Yekaterinburg revolutionary committee, a temporary organization with the participation of a minority of the Socialist Revolutionaries, which preceded the complete transfer of power in Yekaterinburg into the hands of the Bolshevik council. He was elected a member of the Constituent Assembly from the Perm province.

In St. Petersburg he joined the board of the Tax Committee of Finance as comrade. Chief Commissioner of the People's Bank. After the Soviet government moved to Moscow, he remained in St. Petersburg and was at the same time Comrade. chairman Narbank and Commissioner of Justice of the St. Petersburg Labor Commune and the Union of Communes of the Northern Region. In August 1918, he was appointed People's Commissar of Finance and remained so in fact until October 1921, and nominally until the end of 1922. Since October 1921, K. has been the plenipotentiary representative of the Soviet government in Germany. He took part in party congresses starting from the 7th, and in Soviet congresses from the 3rd. In addition, he was at the First All-Russian Conference of Soviets in March 1917 and a member of the democratic. meetings on the authority of the Yekaterinburg council. He has been a member of the Central Executive Committee since the 2nd convocation.

[Since 1930, Deputy People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR. Unreasonably repressed. In the case of the Right-Trotskyist Anti-Soviet Bloc, he was sentenced to death in 1938. Rehabilitated posthumously.]

Large biographical encyclopedia. 2009 .

See what “Krestinsky, Nikolai Nikolaevich” is in other dictionaries:

- (1883 1938) politician. Since 1918 People's Commissar of Finance of the RSFSR. Since 1921 plenipotentiary representative in Germany, since 1930 deputy, 1st deputy people's commissar for foreign affairs of the USSR. In March May 1937, Deputy People's Commissar of Justice of the USSR. Member of the Party Central Committee 1917 21. Member of the Politburo ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Soviet statesman and party leader, diplomat. Member of the Communist Party since 1903. Born into the family of a teacher in Mogilev. In 1907 he graduated from the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University; sworn attorney... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Krestinsky, Nikolai Nikolaevich- (12(24).10.1883, Mogilev March 1938) owls. desk and state activist, diplomat. In 1903 he joined the RSDLP and became a professor. rev., was arrested by the police 7 times. Studied at the Faculty of Law in St. Petersburg. University, actively participated in prof. movement, in the creation of gas... ... Ural Historical Encyclopedia

Wikipedia has articles about other people with this surname, see Krestinsky. Nikolai Nikolaevich Krestinsky ... Wikipedia - (October 13, 1883, Mogilev March 15, 1938, Moscow) Soviet politician, Bolshevik revolutionary, lawyer by training. Born in Mogilev. Vyacheslav Molotov claimed that Krestinsky’s family converted from Judaism to Orthodoxy. Member of the RSDLP with... ... Wikipedia

Nikolai Nikolaevich Krestinsky Nikolai Nikolaevich Krestinsky (October 13, 1883, Mogilev March 15, 1938, Moscow) Soviet politician, Bolshevik revolutionary, lawyer by training. Born in Mogilev. Vyacheslav Molotov claimed that the family ... Wikipedia

Nikolai Nikolaevich Krestinsky Nikolai Nikolaevich Krestinsky (October 13, 1883, Mogilev March 15, 1938, Moscow) Soviet politician, Bolshevik revolutionary, lawyer by training. Born in Mogilev. Vyacheslav Molotov claimed that the family ... Wikipedia

USSR Party: Key ideas: Type of activity:

Nikolai Nikolaevich Krestinsky(October 13, Mogilev, Russian Empire - March 15, Moscow, USSR) - Soviet politician, Bolshevik revolutionary, lawyer by training.

Biography

Born into the family of a high school teacher.

In 1912, he was nominated for elections to the State Duma of the 4th convocation in St. Petersburg.

In October 1921, due to the aggravation of the political situation in Germany, he was appointed plenipotentiary envoy to this country. In - gg. supported the "left opposition". In 1926 he left her. He was a plenipotentiary representative (ambassador) in Germany continuously from June 20, 1922 to September 26, 1930. In -1937, Krestinsky was deputy and first deputy people's commissar for foreign affairs of the USSR.

In March-May 1937, for a short time he was the first deputy people's commissar of justice of the USSR, then he was arrested. The investigation was led by A.I. Langfang. Krestinsky was accused of having connections with Trotsky, with German intelligence, and of preparing terrorist acts against the party leadership. At the trial in the case of the “anti-Soviet right-wing Trotskyist bloc,” the only one of the accused did not admit his guilt on the first day of the trial, but soon did so. Sentenced by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR to an exceptional punishment on March 12, 1938, executed by execution on March 15, 1938. Rehabilitated in July 1963. .

Family

Wife - Vera Moiseevna (1885-1963) - chief physician of the hospital named after N. F. Filatov, arrested in February 1938, sentenced to 8 years in the camps.
The daughter, Natalya Nikolaevna Krestinskaya, was arrested and sent into exile in June 1939, and later became an Honored Doctor of the USSR.

Memory

• In Yekaterinburg there is a street named after Krestinsky.

Write a review about the article "Krestinsky, Nikolai Nikolaevich"

Literature

• Popov N. N. I was and remain a communist (About N.N. Krestinsky) // Opening new pages. - M.: Politizdat, 1989. - P. 244-252.

Notes

Links

• Krestinsky N. N- article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.

Predecessor: -

Plenipotentiary Representative of the USSR in Germany -

Successor: Lev Mikhailovich Khinchuk

Russian Empire (1802-1917) Russian Republic (1917) Russia (1918-1920) RSFSR (1918-1992) Soviet Union (1922-1991) Russian Federation (since 1992)

Execution Prison terms

An excerpt characterizing Krestinsky, Nikolai Nikolaevich

“Le chef de la garienison de Glogau avec dix mille hommes, demande au Roi de Prusse, ce qu"il doit faire s"il est somme de se rendre?... Tout cela est positif.
“Bref, esperant en imposer seulement par notre attitude militaire, il se trouve que nous voila en guerre pour tout de bon, et ce qui plus est, en guerre sur nos frontieres avec et pour le Roi de Prusse. Tout est au grand complet, il ne nous manque qu"une petite chose, c"est le general en chef. Comme il s"est trouve que les succes d"Austerlitz aurant pu etre plus decisifs si le general en chef eut ete moins jeune, on fait la revue des octogenaires et entre Prosorofsky et Kamensky, on donne la preference au derienier. Le general nous arrive en kibik a la maniere Souvoroff, et est accueilli avec des acclamations de joie et de triomphe.
“Le 4 arrive le premier courrier de Petersbourg. On apporte les malles dans le cabinet du Mariechal, qui aime a faire tout par lui meme. On m"appelle pour aider a faire le triage des lettres et prendre celles qui nous sont destinees. Le Marieechal nous regarde faire et attend les paquets qui lui sont adresses. Nous cherchons - il n"y en a point. Le Marieechal deviant impatient, se met lui meme a la besogne et trouve des lettres de l"Empereur pour le comte T., pour le prince V. et autres. Alors le voila qui se met dans une de ses coleres bleues. Il jette feu et flamme contre tout le monde, s"empare des lettres, les decachete et lit cells de l"Empereur adressees a d"autres. Oh, that's what they do to me! I have no trust! Oh, they told me to keep an eye on me, that’s good; get out! Et il ecrit le fameux ordre du jour au general Benigsen
“I’m wounded, I can’t ride a horse, and therefore I can’t command an army. You brought your corps to Pultusk, broken up: here it is open, and without firewood, and without fodder, therefore it is necessary to help, and since yesterday we ourselves treated Count Buxhoeveden, we must think about a retreat to our border, which we must do today .
“From all my trips, ecrit il a l "Empereur, I received an abrasion from the saddle, which, in addition to my previous transportation, completely prevents me from riding and commanding such a vast army, and therefore I transferred the command of it to my senior general, Count Buxhoeveden, sending it to to him all duty and everything belonging to it, advising them, if there was no bread, to retreat closer to the interior of Prussia, because there was only enough bread left for one day, and other regiments had nothing, as division commanders Osterman and Sedmoretsky announced, and All the men were eaten; I myself, until I recover, remain in the hospital in Ostrolenka, about the number of which I most faithfully present, reporting that if the army stays in the current bivouac for another fifteen days, then in the spring there will not be a single healthy one left.
“Dismiss the old man to the village, who remains so disgraced that he could not fulfill the great and glorious lot to which he was chosen. I will await your most gracious permission to do so here at the hospital, so as not to play the role of a clerk, and not a commanding one, with the army. Excommunicating me from the army will not make the slightest disclosure that the blind man has left the army. There are thousands of people like me in Russia.”
“Le Marieechal se fache contre l"Empereur et nous punit tous; n"est ce pas que with"est logique!
“Voila le premier acte. Aux suivants l"interet et le ridicule montent comme de raison. Apres le depart du Marieechal il se trouve que nous sommes en vue de l"ennemi, et qu"il faut livrer bataille. Boukshevden est general en chef par droit d"anciennete, mais le general Benigsen n"est pas de cet avis; d"autant plus qu"il est lui, avec son corps en vue de l"ennemi, et qu"il veut profiter de l"occasion d"une bataille „aus eigener Hand “ comme disent les Allemands. Il la donne. C"est la bataille de Poultousk qui est sensee etre une grande victoire, mais qui a mon avis ne l"est pas du tout, comme vous savez, une tres vilaine. habitude de decider du gain ou de la perte d"une bataille. Celui qui s"est retire apres la bataille, l"a perdu, voila ce que nous disons, et a ce titre nous avons perdu la bataille de Poultousk. Bref, nous nous retirons apres la bataille, mais nous envoyons un courrier a Petersbourg, qui porte les nouvelles d"une victoire, et le general ne cede pas le commandement en chef a Boukshevden, esperant recevoir de Petersbourg en reconnaissance de sa victoire le titre de general en chef. Pendant cet interregne, nous commencons un plan de man? uvres excessivement interessant et original. Boukshevden, qui par droit d"ancnnete serait notre chef. Nous poursuivons ce but avec tant d"energie, que meme en passant une riviere qui n"est ras gueable, nous brulons les ponts pour nous separer de notre ennemi, qui pour le moment, n"est pas Bonaparte, mais Boukshevden. Le general Boukshevden a manque etre attaque et pris par des forces ennemies superieures a cause d"une de nos belles man?uvres qui nous sauvait de lui. Boukshevden nous poursuit – nous filons. A peine passe t il de notre cote de la riviere, que nous repassons de l "autre. A la fin notre ennemi Boukshevden nous attrappe et s" attaque a nous. Les deux generaux se fachent. Il y a meme une provocation en duel de la part de Boukshevden et une attaque d "epilepsie de la part de Benigsen. Mais au moment critique le courrier, qui porte la nouvelle de notre victoire de Poultousk, nous apporte de Petersbourg notre nomination de general en chef, et le premier ennemi Boukshevden est enfonce: nous pouvons penser au second, a Bonaparte. Mais ne voila t il pas qu"a ce moment se leve devant nous un troisieme ennemi, c"est le Orthodox qui demande a grands cris du pain , de la viande, des souchary, du foin, – que sais je! Les magasins sont vides, les chemins impraticables. Le Orthodox se met a la Marieaude, et d"une maniere dont la derieniere campagne ne peut vous donner la moindre idee. La moitie des regiments forme des troupes libres, qui parcourent la contree en mettant tout a feu et a sang. Les habitants sont ruines de fond en comble, les hopitaux regorgent de malades, et la disette est partout. une de ces attaques on m"a importe ma malle vide et ma robe de chambre. L"Empereur veut donner le droit a tous les chefs de divisions de fusiller les Marieaudeurs, mais je crains fort que cela n"oblige une moitie de l"armee de fusiller l"autre.
[Since our brilliant successes at Austerlitz, you know, my dear prince, that I have not left the more important apartments. I have decidedly acquired a taste for war, and am very pleased with it; what I saw these three months is incredible.
“I start ab ovo. The enemy of the human race, known to you, is attacking the Prussians. The Prussians are our faithful allies, who deceived us only three times in three years. We stand up for them. But it turns out that the enemy of the human race does not pay any attention to our charming speeches, and in his discourteous and wild manner rushes at the Prussians, not giving them time to finish their begun parade, smashes them to smithereens and takes up residence in the Potsdam palace.
“I really wish,” the Prussian king writes to Bonaparte, that your majesty be received in my palace in the most pleasant manner for you, and with special care I made all the necessary orders for this, as far as circumstances allowed. I really wish that I achieve my goal.” Prussian generals show off their politeness before the French and surrender on demand. The commander of the Glogau garrison, with ten thousand, asks the Prussian king what he should do if he has to surrender. All this is positively true. In a word, we thought to instill fear in them only by the position of our military forces, but it ends up being that we are involved in a war, on our own border and, most importantly, for the Prussian king and at the same time with him. We have everything in abundance, only one little thing is missing, namely, the commander-in-chief. Since it turned out that Austerlitz’s successes could have been more positive if the commander-in-chief had not been so young, a review of octogenarian generals is made, and the latter is chosen between Prozorovsky and Kamensky. The general comes to us in a Suvorovski carriage, and he is received with joyful and solemn exclamations.