Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov. Essay “Tree as a symbolic detail in the novel “Fathers and Sons” Who does Bazarov call a ladybug

Description of the landscape, characteristics of the characters through their relationship to nature - all this occupies a large place in the works of Turgenev. Love for nature and frequent references to it in his works made the author an expert in landscape characterization. Speaking about nature in the novel "Fathers and Sons", first of all the reader will remember the forest or, more specifically, the tree. And this makes sense, because some of the novel’s characters are directly related to the forest and trees.

There will be no doubt about the statement that many of the heroes of Fathers and Sons are zoomorphic. For example, Bazarov directly calls Nikolai Petrovich a ladybug, and Fenechka is a cat in Bazarov’s dream. And what about Bazarov himself? It is already more difficult to compare it with any animal. Perhaps he compares himself with a frog, believing that all people are the same as a frog. Speaking about Bazarov, it must be said that he is probably the only hero who has talismans. And here nature shows its influence, to which Bazarov is indifferent, even with cynicism: “Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it.” But it was nature that gave him one of his talismans - the aspen. But aspen is a very unusual tree, it absorbs energy, and criminals have even been hanged on it. Why did the aspen tree become Bazarov’s talisman? Perhaps because Bazarov himself looks like an aspen. In conversations with him, many were lost, embarrassed, not knowing how to behave; it was as if he was taking energy from the people who communicated with him. This was probably the reason why Arkady Kirsanov followed Bazarov, although he was not a nihilist at heart. But at the same time, there is a version that the cross of Christ was made from aspen, that is, there is a positive principle in aspen. And, of course, one cannot deny the positive qualities of Bazarov as an intelligent and sufficiently educated person. Bazarov is a frog, but only she can turn to God.

Bazarov’s words that not a single botanist would consider each birch tree separately became an aphorism. And Bazarov said this, comparing birches with people. His own life convinced him otherwise. He met such an unusual, slightly mysterious woman as Odintsova, and fell in love with her, although before meeting Odintsova he spoke contemptuously about women, saying that only a freak thinks freely between women. But the birch, with which he compared people, is a tree that gives off energy, unlike aspen.

Another bright character in “Fathers and Sons” is Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov. And if we compare Bazarov to an aspen tree, then Pavel Petrovich is a forest. The forest consists of human trees, which is partly in its favor, partly not. Pavel Petrovich is a fairly strong man, but still he could not overcome himself when he met Princess R. It is in the forest that ladybugs live, and you can find a cat and a frog there. Therefore, probably, Pavel Petrovich as a result begins to understand Bazarov, because the frog is Bazarov’s talisman. Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich have more similarities than differences, and this is confirmed by the fact that the frog lives in the forest. And also Bazarov is both a worm and an eagle, and Pavel Petrovich is both the Apostle Paul and the “little one”.

We also see the tree motif during Arkady Kirsanov’s meeting with Katya Odintsova. They sat under an ash tree, which promoted their love and protected them. They probably felt this and that’s why they met there.

In the scene under the haystack, when Bazarov and Arkady were resting there, there is a tree motif. A maple leaf is falling. And the maple leaf resembles a cross and takes on the meaning of the key to life, turning to God.

And at the turning point of the novel - the duel - there is also a tree motif: the duel took place behind a grove, this grove hid the duelists, and no one guessed what actually happened between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich.

Bazarov, who had mocked beauty all his life, at the end of his life wondered why he lived, did Russia need him? Love and nature defeated his coldness and indifference, and above his grave we see two beautiful Christmas trees, planted by caring hands! his parents.

The motif of the forest and the tree can be traced throughout almost the entire novel and is of no small importance. This is both a means of characterizing characters and a means of expressing the author’s position. It takes great skill to make seemingly small details significant. And Turgenev, possessing this gift, put an undeniable importance and necessity into the descriptions and mentions of forests and trees.

In the novel, the main opponent in his ideological disputes.

Life story

Pavel Petrovich was brought up in the page corps. Having become an officer, he enjoyed great success in the world: Kirsanov was self-confident, mocking and “amusingly bilious.” Women liked him, easily had affairs, and aroused the envy of men. At twenty-seven he was already a captain and had a brilliant career ahead of him. And suddenly everything changed. A woman appeared in St. Petersburg society who became fatal for Kirsanov.

Pavel Petrovich fell passionately in love with Princess R., who was known in the world as a frivolous coquette. However, love did not bring Kirsanov happiness: having initially reciprocated his feelings, Princess R. soon lost interest in him. However, this obstacle did not stop the hero. For many years he tried to maintain this relationship; for many years this withering, debilitating passion did not give him peace.

Having become painfully attached to Princess R., Kirsanov could never understand her; he was struck by her strangeness, imbalance, something cherished and inaccessible” in her soul, where no one could penetrate. After tender meetings, he felt only “tearing and bitter disappointment” in his heart. Having parted with Princess R., Kirsanov tried to live his old, familiar life, but he could no longer get back into the old rut. He grew old, turned grey, and no longer thought about novels. Soon Pavel Petrovich and his brother settled in Maryino. At the end of his life he moved to Dresden, where he lived out his life alone.

Kirsanov has a number of advantages: he is intellectual, insightful, noble, has a strong-willed character (Pavel Petrovich does not have a truly strong-willed character - his high liberal principles about freedom and equality remain in words (although who said that a person with a strong-willed character must be a liberal?), but in terms of the strength of his character he is truly a worthy rival to Bazarov).

Literature

E.V. Amelina Preparing for the literature exam -: Onyx 21st century, 2005. - 0 p. ISBN 5-329-01102-7

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Latin Produc. forms: Pavlik, Pashka, Pasha, Pavlusha, Pashenka, Pakha, Pashok, Pavlyan, Pashulya Foreign analogues: English. Paul Arm. Պողոս belor. Paval, Pauluk bolg ... Wikipedia

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On this page you will find characteristics of any hero in the novel.
"Fathers and Sons"

Evgeny Vasilievich Bazarov

Evgeny Vasilyevich Bazarov, the main character of the novel "Fathers and Sons" by I.S. Turgenev, is one of the most striking characters in Russian literature of the 19th century.
Bazarov is a commoner, a medical student, a “nihilist.” This is a daring, cynical, strong, smart, ironic and mocking person. Those around him are afraid of his sharp mind and directness. He does not recognize art and romance (“Raphael is not worth a penny,” “I find that speaking beautifully is obscene”), does not admire nature (“nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it”), does not believe in love and marriage.

Arkady Nikolaevich Kirsanov

Arkady Nikolaevich Kirsanov - a young nobleman, son of N.P. Kirsanova and friend E.V. Bazarov, whom he considers his spiritual mentor. Unlike his friend, he treats “nihilism,” that is, rejection of everything, superficially, without going into details. He is attracted by the sense of freedom in this teaching and independence from authorities. This is very typical for young people entering independent adult life. And at the same time, all these nihilistic views are perfectly combined in his soul with other properties that are very far from nihilism.
By nature, Arkady Kirsanov is a very kind person.
He sees only the good in people, does not hate anyone, and feels sorry for Evgeniy’s parents. For a convinced nihilist, this is a sign of weakness.

Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov

Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov is a nobleman, the father of Arkady Kirsanov, a widower. Nikolai Petrovich is a weak man, but kind, sensitive, delicate and noble. This hero strives to realize his romantic ideal in life - to work and seek happiness in love and art. Nikolai Kirsanov is trying to keep up with the times. He, to the best of his ability, transforms the estate and establishes new relations with the peasantry. He loves nature, poetry, music. Evgeny Bazarov calls Kirsanov “ladybug” for his kindness and gentleness. He has a wife, a young girl Fenechka, and a small child.

Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov

Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov is the uncle of Arkady Kirsanov, an aristocrat, adheres to liberal views. He is 45 years old, “his whole appearance..., graceful and thoroughbred, has retained his youthful slimness and... aspiration upward, away from the ground...”
In his youth, the hero experienced a personal drama. The brilliant career and success in society of Pavel Kirsanov were interrupted by the tragic love of the hero, which ended with the death of his beloved, Princess R. After this shock, P.P. Kirsanov gives up hopes of happiness and moves to the village to live with his brother, where he tries to help him run his household. He stands up for the idea of ​​dignity and individual rights, for self-respect, honor and freedom of every person. This hero confidently defends his ideas: he challenges Bazarov to a duel. Ideas of P. Kirsanov. undoubtedly good, but very far from real life. His life ideals are not capable of making even the hero himself happy: he remains unhappy and lonely. Pavel Petrovich is a man of unfulfilled dreams and unfulfilled destiny.

Anna Sergeevna Odintsova

Anna Sergeevna Odintsova is an aristocrat who displays traits characteristic of the new generation of nobles: the absence of snobbery and arrogance, freedom of judgment and democracy. She is smart and proud. Her deceased old husband left a huge inheritance. This allows the heroine to live independently and do as she pleases. Only Anna Sergeevna hasn’t wanted anything for a long time: “I’m very tired, I’m old, it seems to me that I’ve been living for a very long time... There are a lot of memories, but there’s nothing to remember, and there’s a long, long road ahead, in front of me, but there’s no goal... I don’t even have a goal.” I want to go." Behind the serene calm and measured existence of the heroine lies her spiritual coldness, inability to engage in hobbies, indifference, and selfishness. Bazarov himself says to A.S. Odintsova about the fact that she wants to fall in love, but is not capable of it. And in this spiritual coldness lies her misfortune.

Fenechka is one of the brightest characters in the novel. She is a peasant woman whom the master allowed to live in the house, and he himself was embarrassed about it. Nikolai Petrovich committed a seemingly noble act. He settled with him a woman who gave birth to a child from him, that is, he recognized certain of her rights and did not hide the fact that Mitya was his son. But he behaved in such a way that Fenichka could not feel free and coped with her situation only thanks to her natural naturalness and dignity. Bazarov, living with the Kirsanovs, enjoyed communicating with Fenechka: “Even his face changed when he talked to her: it took on a clear, almost kind expression, and some kind of playful attentiveness was mixed in with his usual carelessness.” The image of Fenechka is like a delicate flower, which, however, has unusually strong roots.

Ekaterina Sergeevna Lokteva

Ekaterina Sergeevna Lokteva is the younger sister of Anna Sergeevna Odintsova. Katerina Sergeevna is timid, silent, “constantly blushes and quickly takes a breath,” she loves to read, think about life, about books, about people, than to dance at balls and flirt with men. Katerina was natural, kind, gentle, simple. It was easy and pleasant to communicate with her “She smiled a lot, shyly and openly, and looked somehow funny and stern, from bottom to top. Everything about her was still young and green: her voice, and the fluff all over her face, and her pink hands with whitish circles on the palms, and slightly compressed shoulders...".

Princess Nellie R.

Princess Nellie R. is the beloved of Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov. Their relationship doesn't work out. After the breakup, Pavel Petrovich loses the meaning of life. Many years later, Pavel Petrovich still remembers her.

Kukshina Avdotya Nikitishna is an emancipated landowner and pseudo-nihilist. She is very harsh in her assessments and irreconcilable in her views. Kukshina is interested in the situation of women around the world (“the women’s issue”) and is interested in natural sciences. This heroine is cheeky, vulgar, stupid. In addition, she is sloppy and unkempt. Kukshina has an unhappy fate as a woman: she is ugly, does not enjoy success with men, and is abandoned by her husband. In “nihilism” she finds relaxation, a feeling of being busy with “important work.” In the novel, this image is presented in satirical tones.

For the second year in a row, a literature championship is being held at our gymnasium; last year only high school students took part in it, this year from 5 to 11. The team consists of 7 people from the class team. The topics are very diverse. 5th grade - "From Krylov to Nekrasov"; 6th grade - A.S. Pushkin's novel "Dubrovsky"; 7th grade - N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba", 8th grade - A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", 9th grade - A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin", 10th grade - "Fathers and Sons" and 11th grade - "The Master and Margarita." The championship is held in the “Own game” format. The author of these games was my young colleague KUNAVIN EVGENY SERGEEVICH. I am his mentor and I am very glad that such guys who know and love literature come to the department at the gymnasium. Thank you, Evgeniy.

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“2nd Championship of MAOU “Vidnovskaya Gymnasium” in literature. 10th grade novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"

"Fathers and Sons"

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev

Kirsanovs

Habits and Hobbies

Education and

education

Minor characters

General issues

Bazarov. 100

... - an ideological position that questions (in its extreme form absolutely denies) generally accepted values, ideals, moral standards, and culture. In dictionaries it is also defined as “negation”, “absolute negation”.

Name a social science term that matches the proposed definition.

Bazarov. 200

Whom does Evgeny Bazarov call

"ladybug"?

Bazarov. 300

“Congratulate me,” Bazarov suddenly exclaimed, today is June 22, the day of my angel. Let’s see how he somehow cares about me.”

What was supposed to happen on this day?

Bazarov. 400

Bazarov's father told him that he had planted several trees that Horace loved. “What kind of trees are these?” - asked Bazarov.

Name them.

Bazarov. 500

What did Bazarov demand from Fenechka as a reward for his services as a doctor?

Kirsanovs. 100

“No, this poor region does not amaze you with either contentment or hard work; it’s impossible, he can’t stay like this, transformations are necessary... but how to carry them out, how to start?..”

Whose thoughts are these?

Kirsanovs. 200

“He looked about forty-five years old: his short-cropped gray hair shone with a dark shine, like new silver; his face, bilious, but without wrinkles, unusually regular and clean, as if drawn by a thin and bright incisor, showed traces of remarkable beauty; The light, black, oblong eyes were especially beautiful.”

Whose portrait is this?

Kirsanovs. 300

What was the profession of the father of Nikolai and Pavel Kirsanov?

Kirsanovs. 400

Kirsanovs. 500

“It’s not for nothing that I always claimed that you are the kindest and smartest person in the world, and now I see that you are as prudent as you are generous.”

What was the reason for Nikolai Petrovich to say such words to his brother?

Habits and hobbies. 100

What did Arkady Kirsanov like to drink tea with?

Habits and hobbies. 200

“...he is happy to help everyone and, by the way, always stands up for the peasants; True, when talking to them, he frowns and sniffs cologne ... "

Who are we talking about?

Habits and hobbies. 300

What musical instrument did Arkady's father, Nikolai Petrovich, play?

Habits and hobbies. 400

Arina Vlasevna believed in omens, for example, this one: “the mushroom will no longer grow if...”

Continue the sentence.

Habits and hobbies. 500

“I only look at the sky when I want to sneeze.”

Upbringing and education. 100

“Every person must educate himself...”

Whose words are these?

Upbringing and education. 200

“Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it.”

Whose words are these?

Upbringing and education. 300

“A decent chemist is twenty times more useful than any poet.”

Whose words are these?

Upbringing and education. 400

“We need to arrange life in such a way that every moment in it is significant.”

Upbringing and education. 500

“...the human personality must be as strong as a rock, for everything is built on it.”

Whose words are these?

Minor characters. 100

“It was a young woman of about twenty-three, all white and soft, with dark hair and eyes, with red, childishly plump lips and tender hands. She was wearing a neat chintz dress, a new blue scarf lay lightly on her round shoulders.”

Whose portrait is this?

Minor characters. 200

“She went through fire and water,” they said about her, and the famous provincial wit usually added: “And through copper pipes.” All these rumors reached her, but she ignored them: her character was free and quite decisive.”

Who are we talking about?

Minor characters. 300

What is the name of Anna Sergeevna Odintsova’s estate?

Minor characters. 400

“...a real Russian noblewoman of the past; she should have lived for two hundred years, in old Moscow times.”

Who are we talking about?

Minor characters. 500

What is the name of the second wife

Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov?

General issues. 100

In what year does the novel take place?

General issues. 200

“The best days of the year have arrived.”

General issues. 300

In which magazine was the novel published?

I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"?

General issues. 400

“Time (a well-known thing) sometimes flies like a bird, sometimes it crawls like a worm, but it is especially good for a person when he does not even notice whether it is passing quickly or quietly.”

Remember the catchphrase from Griboedov’s play “Woe from Wit” with a similar meaning.

General issues. 500

“I think this novel has a very unfortunate fate. This novel may be the most unread novel in Russian classics. From the moment it came out and controversy and scandals began around it, which, in fact, led Turgenev into exile, this novel was read and understood as ideological. And this novel is actually anti-ideological; This is a novel about the fact that any ideology in the face of living life and its highest manifestation - love - fails. This is a novel about love. He was just very unlucky. And in the 19th century, few people understood it. Although smart people understood everything perfectly: Chekhov adored this novel.” These words belong to our contemporary Avdotya Smirnova.

How does her professional activity relate to the novel?