Victory over yourself. "Victory and defeat." Essay example The best victory is victory over yourself


Be proud only of the victories you have won over yourself.
Tungsten.

Victory. Every person has a desire to experience this feeling. Victory gives strength, makes a person more active and vital. Sometimes it’s not easy to win, especially over yourself; it’s important to want to win. And this is possible for a person who has willpower and strives to achieve a goal. It is not without reason that they say: a strong-willed person wants, but a weak-willed person wants to want. Therefore, I believe that in order to win the “greatest,” in the words of Cicero, victory over oneself, one must do everything for this: show hard work, patience, and will.

As a first argument, I propose the story “The Fourth Height” by E.Ya. Ilyina. The book tells the story of the fate of a real girl, Gulya Koroleva, who died in the battle of Stalingrad in 1942. She was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (posthumously). In the hero city of Volgograd, on Mamayev Kurgan, her name is carved on the wall of the memorial complex - Marionella Koroleva. The author personally knew the girl, which is why the story turned out to be so lively.

Why the height, and even the fourth? It turns out that heights are Gulya’s victories in her such a short but bright life. And there were four of them. When Gula was 13 years old, she acted in a movie; according to the script, she had to not only ride a horse, but overcome barriers. This is for a city girl. But the first height was taken! The second height was related to her studies: due to the filming of the film, Gulya began to fall behind in some subjects at school. She sets a goal for herself: to improve her grades and pass exams. And success was not long in coming. The author emphasizes the girl’s perseverance in any endeavor. Gulya practiced diving: first from three meters, then from five, then from eight. The third height has been taken! Gulya achieved her fourth height at the front; unfortunately, it was her last height in her life. It was no coincidence that I turned to this story, since its heroine really knew how to overcome difficulties in her life, she was lively, brave, and energetic.

In my opinion, the answer to the question of victory over oneself can be found in A.I. Solzhenitsyn’s novel “Cancer Ward.” This work was written based on the memories of the writer’s own treatment in the oncology department in a hospital in Tashkent. The author managed to convey in the novel the psychological situation of the era as a whole and the condition of cancer patients. The important thing is that in the face of death, all the characters are extremely sincere in expressing their thoughts and feelings. The author emphasizes the struggle for survival of the patients in ward number 13. Naturally, I was interested in the fate of Oleg Kostoglotov (the writer himself was his prototype). He is a former front-line sergeant, currently a prisoner in a Stalinist camp. I noticed the author’s detail: “big hands didn’t fit into the side pockets of the hospital jacket,” these “big hands” or “big paws” were emphasized several times. Hard worker man
who are facing the threat of death, but he does not give up. The desire to do something else lives in him. By chance, a volume of Leo Tolstoy appeared in the ward, he is reading it. For Oleg, the hospital ward becomes a “school” of life. The hero did not die, he recovered, and in twelve days. With faith in life, love for life, and a strong spirit, victory was won.

Thus, I confirmed the idea that “victory over oneself” is the “greatest victory.”

Victory and defeat

The direction allows you to think about victory and defeat in different aspects: socio-historical, moral-philosophical, psychological.

The reasoning can be related as with external conflict events in the life of a person, country, world, and with a person's internal struggle with himself, its causes and results.
Literary works often show the concepts of “victory” and “defeat” in different historical conditions and life situations.

Possible essay topics:

1.Can defeat become victory?

2. “The greatest victory is victory over oneself” (Cicero).

3. “Victory is always with those in whom there is agreement” (Publius).

4. “Victory achieved by violence is tantamount to defeat, because it is short-lived” (Mahatma Gandhi).

5. Victory is always desired.

6. Every small victory over oneself gives great hope in one’s own strength!

7. The winning tactic is to convince the enemy that he is doing everything right.

8. If you hate, it means you have been defeated (Confucius).

9. If the loser smiles, the winner loses the taste of victory.

10. Only the one who defeats himself wins in this life. Who conquered his fear, his laziness and his uncertainty.

11. All victories begin with victory over yourself.

12. No victory will bring as much as one defeat can take away.

13. Is it necessary and possible to judge the winners?

14 Do defeat and victory taste the same?

15. Is it difficult to admit defeat when you are so close to victory?

16. Do you agree with the statement “Victory... defeat... these lofty words are devoid of any meaning.”

17. “Losing and winning taste the same. Defeat tastes like tears. Victory tastes like sweat."

Possible abstracts on the topic:"Victory and Defeat"

1. Victory. Every person has the desire to experience this intoxicating feeling. Even as a child, we felt like a winner when we received our first A's. As they grew older, they felt joy and satisfaction from achieving their goals, defeating their weaknesses - laziness, pessimism, maybe even indifference. Victory gives strength, makes a person more persistent and active. Everything around seems so beautiful.

2. Everyone can win. You need willpower, the desire to succeed, the desire to become a bright, interesting person.

3. Of course, both a careerist who has received another promotion and an egoist who has achieved some benefits by bringing pain to others experiences a kind of victory. And what a “victory” a money-hungry person experiences when he hears the clink of coins and the rustle of banknotes! Well, everyone decides for themselves what they strive for, what goals they set, and therefore “victories” can be completely different.

4. A person lives among people, so the opinions of others are never indifferent to him, no matter how much some might want to hide it. A victory appreciated by people is many times more pleasant. Everyone wants others to share their joy.

5. Victory over oneself - this becomes a way of survival for some. People with disabilities make efforts on themselves every day and strive to achieve results at the cost of incredible efforts. They are an example for others. The performances of athletes at the Paralympic Games are striking in how great the will to win these people are, how strong in spirit they are, how optimistic they are, no matter what.

6. The price of victory, what is it? Is it true that “winners are not judged”? You can think about this too. If the victory was achieved dishonestly, then it is worthless. Victory and lies, toughness, heartlessness are concepts that exclude each other. Only fair play, playing according to the rules of morality and decency, only this brings true victory.

7. Winning is not easy. Much needs to be done to achieve it. What if you suddenly lose? What then? It is important to understand that in life there are many difficulties and obstacles along the way. To be able to overcome them, to strive for victory even after defeat - this is what distinguishes a strong personality. It’s scary not to fall, but not to get up later in order to move on with dignity. Fall and get up, make mistakes and learn from your mistakes, retreat and move on - this is the only way you should strive to live on this earth. The main thing is to move forward towards your goal, and then victory will definitely be your reward.

8. The victory of the people during the war is a sign of the cohesion of the nation, the unity of people who have a common destiny, traditions, history, and a single homeland.

9. How many great trials our people had to endure, what enemies we had to fight. Millions of people died during the Great Patriotic War, giving their lives for the Victory. They were waiting for her, dreaming about her, bringing her closer.

10. What gave you the strength to survive? Of course, love. Love for the homeland, loved ones and loved ones.

11. The first months of the war are a series of continuous defeats. How hard it was to realize that the enemy was advancing further and further across his native land, approaching Moscow. Defeats did not make people helpless and confused. On the contrary, they united the people and helped them understand how important it is to gather all their strength to repel the enemy.

12. And how everyone rejoiced together at the first victories, the first fireworks, the first reports of the defeat of the enemy! The victory became the same for everyone, everyone contributed their share to it.

13. Man is born to win! Even the very fact of his birth is already a victory. You must strive to be a winner, the right person for your country, people, loved ones.

Quotes and epigraphs

The greatest victory is victory over yourself. (Cicero)

Man was not created to suffer defeat... Man can be destroyed, but he cannot be defeated. (Hemingway Ernest)

The joy of life is learned through victories, the truth of life - through defeats. A. Koval.

The consciousness of an honestly sustained struggle is almost higher than the triumph of victory. (Turgenev)

Wins and losses travel in the same sleigh. (Russian last)

Victory over the weak is like defeat. (Arabic last)

Where there is agreement, there is victory. (Lat. seq.)

Be proud only of the victories you have won over yourself. (Tungsten)

You should not start a battle or war unless you are sure that you will gain more in victory than you will lose in defeat. (Octavian Augustus)

No victory can bring as much as one defeat can take away. (Gaius Julius Caesar)

Victory over fear gives us strength. (V. Hugo)

To never know defeat means to never fight. (Morihei Ueshiba)

No winner believes in chance. (Nietzsche)

Victory achieved by violence is tantamount to defeat, because it is short-term. (Mahatma Gandhi)

Nothing but a lost battle can compare even with half the sadness of a won battle. (Arthur Wellesley)

The winner's lack of generosity reduces the meaning and benefits of victory by half. (Giuseppe Mazzini)

The first step to victory is objectivity. (Tetcorax)

The winners sleep sweeter than the losers. (Plutarch)

World literature offers many arguments for victory and defeat:

L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" (Pierre Bezukhov, Nikolai Rostov);

F.M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment (Raskolnikov’s act (the murder of Alena Ivanovna and Lizaveta) - victory or defeat?);

M. Bulgakov “Heart of a Dog” (Professor Preobrazhensky - did he defeat nature or lose to it?);

S. Alexievich “War does not have a woman’s face” (the price of victory in the Great Patriotic War is crippled lives, the fate of women)

I offer 10 arguments on the topic: “Victory and defeat”

1. A.S. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”

2. A.S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin”

3. M.Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time”

4. N.V. Gogol “Dead Souls”

5. I.A. Goncharov “Oblomov”

6. L.N. Tolstoy “Sevastopol Stories”

7. A.N. Tolstoy “Peter the First”

8. E. Zamyatin “We”

9. A.A. Fadeev “Young Guard”

10. B.L. Vasiliev “And the dawns here are quiet”

A.S. Griboedov “Woe from Wit”
The famous work of A.S. Griboedov “Woe from Wit” is still relevant in our time. It has a lot of problems, bright, memorable characters. The main character of the play is Alexander Andreevich Chatsky. The author shows his irreconcilable clash with Famus society. Chatsky does not accept the morality of this high society, their ideals, principles. He expresses this openly. I am not a reader of nonsense, but more than exemplary... Where? show us, fathers of the fatherland, whom we should take as models? Aren't these the ones who are rich in robbery? The regiments are busy recruiting teachers, in larger numbers, at cheaper prices... The houses are new, but the prejudices are old... The ending of the work, at first glance, is tragic for the hero: he leaves this society, misunderstood in it, rejected by his beloved girl, literally flees from Moscow: “Give me a carriage, a carriage! So who is Chatsky: the winner or the loser? What is on his side: victory or defeat? Let's try to understand this. The hero brought such a commotion into this society, in which everything is so scheduled by day, by hour, where everyone lives according to the order established by their ancestors, a society in which opinion is so important “ Princess Marya Alekseevna" Isn't this a victory? To prove that you are a person who has your own point of view on everything, that you do not agree with these laws, to openly express your views about education, about service, about the order in Moscow - this is a real victory. Moral. It is no coincidence that they were so frightened of the hero, calling him crazy. And who else in their circle could object so much if not a madman? Yes, it’s hard for Chatsky to realize that he was not understood here. After all, Famusov’s house is dear to him, his youth passed here, here he first fell in love, he rushed here after a long separation. But he will never adapt. He has a different road - the road of honor, service to the Fatherland. He does not accept false feelings and emotions. And in this he is a winner.
A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"
Evgeny Onegin, the hero of the novel by A.S. Pushkin, is a contradictory personality who has not found himself in this society. It is no coincidence that in literature such heroes are called “superfluous people.” One of the central scenes of the work is Onegin’s duel with Vladimir Lensky, a young romantic poet passionately in love with Olga Larina. Challenging an opponent to a duel and defending one’s honor was common practice in noble society. It seems that both Lensky and Onegin are trying to defend their truth. However, the result of the duel is terrible - the death of young Lensky. He was only 18 years old and had his life ahead of him. Will I fall, pierced by an arrow, Or will it fly by, All good: vigil and sleep The definite hour comes; Blessed is the day of worries, Blessed is the coming of darkness! Is the death of a man whom you called a friend a victory for Onegin? No, this is a manifestation of Onegin’s weakness, selfishness, unwillingness to overcome the insult. It is no coincidence that this fight changed the hero’s life. He began to travel around the world. His soul could not find peace. So victory can become defeat at the same time. What matters is what the price of victory is, and whether it is needed at all, if the result is the death of another.
M.Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time”
Pechorin, the hero of the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov, evokes conflicting feelings among readers. So, in his behavior with women, almost everyone agrees - the hero here shows his selfishness, and sometimes simply callousness. Pechorin seems to be playing with the fates of the women who love him. (“I feel in myself this insatiable greed, absorbing everything that comes my way; I look at the suffering and joy of others only in relation to myself, as food that supports my spiritual strength. ") Let's remember Bela. She was deprived by the hero of everything - her home, her loved ones. She has nothing left except the hero’s love. Bela fell in love with Pechorin, sincerely, with all her soul. However, having achieved her by all possible means - both deception and dishonest acts - he soon began to grow cold towards her. (“I was wrong again: the love of a savage is little better than the love of a noble lady; the ignorance and simple-heartedness of one are as annoying as the coquetry of the other.”) Pechorin is largely to blame for the fact that Bela died. He did not give her the love, the happiness, attention and care that she deserves. Yes, he won, Bela became his. But is this a victory? No, this is a defeat, since the beloved woman did not become happy. Pechorin himself is capable of condemning himself for his actions. But he cannot and does not want to change anything about himself: “Am I a fool or a villain, I don’t know; but it is true that I am also very worthy of pity, perhaps more than she: my soul is spoiled by light, my imagination is restless, my heart is insatiable; I can’t get enough...", "I sometimes despise myself..."
N.V. Gogol “Dead Souls”
The work “Dead Souls” is still interesting and relevant. It is no coincidence that performances are staged based on it, and multi-part feature films are created. The poem (this is the genre indicated by the author himself) intertwines philosophical, social, moral problems and themes. The theme of victory and defeat also found its place in it. The main character of the poem is Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov. He strictly followed the instructions of his father: “Take care and save a penny... You can destroy everything in the world with a penny.” From childhood, he began to save it, this penny, and carried out more than one dark operation. In the city of NN, he decided on a grandiose and almost fantastic enterprise - to redeem dead peasants according to the “Revision Tales”, and then sell them as if they were alive. To do this, he must be inconspicuous and at the same time interesting to everyone with whom he communicated. And Chichikov succeeded in this: “... knew how to flatter everyone,” “entered sideways,” “sat obliquely,” “answered by bowing his head,” “put a carnation in his nose,” “brought a snuff-box with violets at the bottom.” At the same time, he himself tried not to stand out too much (“not handsome, but not bad-looking, neither too fat, nor too thin, one cannot say that he is old, but not so much that he is too young”) Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov at the end of the work - a real winner. He managed to fraudulently make himself a fortune and left with impunity. It seems that the hero clearly follows his goal, follows the intended path. But what awaits this hero in the future if he chose hoarding as his main goal in life? Isn’t Plyushkin’s fate destined for him too, whose soul was completely at the mercy of money? Anything is possible. But the fact that with each acquired “dead soul” he himself morally falls is certain. And this is defeat, because human feelings in him were suppressed by acquisitions, hypocrisy, lies, and selfishness. And although N.V. Gogol emphasizes that people like Chichikov are “a terrible and vile force,” the future does not belong to them, yet they are not the masters of life. How relevant are the words of the writer addressed to young people: “Take with you on the journey, emerging from the soft youthful years into stern, embittering courage, take with you all human movements, do not leave them on the road, you will not pick them up later!”
I.A.Goncharov "Oblomov"
Victory over yourself, over your weaknesses and shortcomings. It is worth a lot if a person reaches the end, the goal that he has set. Ilya Oblomov, the hero of the novel by I.A. Goncharov, is not like that. Sloth celebrates victory over his master. She sits so firmly in him that it seems that nothing can make the hero get up from his sofa, simply write a letter to his estate, find out how things are going there. And yet the hero tried to make an attempt to overcome himself, his reluctance to do something in this life. Thanks to Olga and his love for her, he began to transform: he finally got up from the couch, began to read, walked a lot, dreamed, talked with the heroine. However, he soon abandoned this idea. Outwardly, the hero himself justifies his behavior by saying that he cannot give her what she deserves. But, most likely, these are just more excuses. Laziness dragged him again, returned him to his favorite sofa. (“...There is no peace in love, and it keeps moving somewhere forward, forward...”) It is no coincidence that “Oblomov” became a common word, denoting a lazy person who does not want to do anything, nor not striving for anything. (Stolz’s words: “It began with the inability to put on stockings and ended with the inability to live.”) Oblomov discussed the meaning of life, understood that it was impossible to live like that, but did nothing to change everything: “When you don’t know, for no matter what you live, you live somehow, day after day; you rejoice that the day has passed, that the night has passed, and in your sleep you plunge into the boring question of why you lived this day, why you will live tomorrow.” Oblomov failed to defeat himself. However, the defeat did not upset him so much. At the end of the novel, we see the hero in a quiet family circle, he is loved and cared for, as he once was in childhood. This is the ideal of his life, this is what he achieved. Also, however, having won a “victory”, because his life has become the way he wants it to be. But why is there always some kind of sadness in his eyes? Maybe because of unfulfilled hopes?
L.N. Tolstoy "Sevastopol Stories"
“Sevastopol Stories” is a work by a young writer that brought fame to Leo Tolstoy. An officer, himself a participant in the Crimean War, the author realistically described the horrors of war, the grief of people, the pain and suffering of the wounded. (“The hero, whom I love with all the strength of my soul, whom I tried to reproduce in all his beauty and who has always been, is and will be beautiful, is true.”) The center of the story is the defense, and then the surrender of Sevastopol to the Turks. The entire city, along with the soldiers, defended itself; everyone, young and old, contributed to the defense. However, the forces were too unequal. The city had to be surrendered. Outwardly it is a defeat. However, if you look closely at the faces of the defenders, the soldiers, at how much hatred they have for the enemy, the unbending will to win, then we can conclude that the city has been surrendered, but the people have not accepted their defeat, they will still regain their pride, victory is certain will be ahead. (“Almost every soldier, looking from the northern side at abandoned Sevastopol, sighed with inexpressible bitterness in his heart and threatened the enemies.”) Defeat is not always the end of something. This could be the beginning of a new, future victory. It will prepare this victory, because people, having gained experience and taken into account mistakes, will do everything to win.
A.N. Tolstoy “Peter the Great”
A.N. Tolstoy’s historical novel “Peter the Great,” dedicated to the distant era of Peter the Great, fascinates readers even today. I read with interest the pages in which the author shows how the young king matured, how he overcame obstacles, learned from his mistakes and achieved victories. More space is occupied by the description of the Azov campaigns of Peter the Great in 1695-1696. The failure of the first campaign did not break young Peter. (... Confusion is a good lesson... We are not looking for glory... And they will defeat us ten more times, then we will overcome). He began to build a fleet, strengthen the army, and the result was the greatest victory over the Turks - the capture of the Azov fortress. This was the first victory of the young king, an active, life-loving man, striving to do a lot (“Neither an animal nor a single person, probably, wanted to live with such greed as Peter ...”) This is an example of a ruler who achieves his goal, strengthens his power and international authority of the country. Defeat becomes an impetus for further development for him. The result is victory!
E. Zamyatin “We”
The novel “We,” written by E. Zamyatin, is a dystopia. By this, the author wanted to emphasize that the events depicted in it are not so fantastic, that under the emerging totalitarian regime something similar could happen, and most importantly, a person will completely lose his “I”, he will not even have a name - only a number. These are the main characters of the work: he - D 503 and she - I-330 The hero has become a cog in the huge mechanism of the United State, in which everything is clearly regulated. He is completely subordinate to the laws of the state, where everyone is happy. Another heroine of I-330, it was she who showed the hero the “unreasonable” world of living nature, a world that is fenced off from the inhabitants of the state by the Green Wall. There is a struggle between what is allowed and what is forbidden. How to proceed? The hero experiences feelings previously unknown to him. He goes after his beloved. However, in the end, the system defeated him, the hero, part of this system, says: “I am sure that we will win. Because reason must win.” The hero is calm again, he, having undergone the operation, having regained calm, looks calmly as his woman dies under the gas bell. And the heroine of I-330, although she died, remained undefeated. She did everything she could for a life in which everyone decides for themselves what to do, who to love, how to live. Victory and defeat. They are often so close on a person's path. And what choice a person makes - to victory or defeat - depends on him too, regardless of the society in which he lives. To become a united people, but to preserve one’s “I” is one of the motives of E. Zamyatin’s work.
A.A. Fadeev “Young Guard”
Oleg Koshevoy, Ulyana Gromova, Lyubov Shevtsova, Sergei Tyulenin and many others are young people, almost teenagers who have just graduated from school. During the Great Patriotic War, in Krasnodon, which was occupied by the Germans, they created their own underground organization “Young Guard”. The famous novel by A. Fadeev is dedicated to a description of their feat. The characters are shown by the author with love and tenderness. The reader sees how they dream, love, are friends, enjoy life, no matter what (Despite everything that was happening around and in the whole world, the young man and the girl declared their love... they declared their love, as they explain only in their youth, that is, they talked about absolutely everything except love.) Risking their lives, they put up leaflets and burn the German commandant’s office, where lists of people who were supposed to be sent to Germany are kept. Youthful enthusiasm and courage are characteristic of them. (No matter how hard and terrible the war is, no matter how cruel the losses and suffering it brings to people, youth with its health and joy of life, with its naive kind egoism, love and dreams of the future does not want and does not know how to see beyond the general danger and suffering danger and suffering for herself until they come and disrupt her happy walk.) However, the organization was betrayed by a traitor. All its members died. But even in the face of death, none of them became a traitor, did not betray their comrades. Death is always a defeat, but fortitude is a victory. The heroes are alive in the hearts of people, a monument was erected to them in their homeland, a museum was created. The novel is dedicated to the feat of the Young Guard.
B.L. Vasiliev “And the dawns here are quiet”
The Great Patriotic War is a glorious and at the same time tragic page in the history of Russia. How many millions of lives she took! How many people became heroes defending their homeland! War does not have a woman’s face - this is the leitmotif of B. Vasilyev’s story “And Here They Are Quiet.” A woman, whose natural destiny is to give life, to be the keeper of the family hearth, to personify tenderness and love, puts on soldier’s boots, a uniform, takes up a weapon and goes to kill. What could be worse? Five girls - Zhenya Komelkova, Rita Osyanina, Galina Chetvertak, Sonya Gurvich, Liza Brichkina - died in the war against the Nazis. Everyone had their own dreams, each wanted love, and just life. (“...she lived all nineteen years in the feeling of tomorrow.”) But all this was taken away from them by the war. (“After all, it was so stupid, so absurd and implausible to die in nineteen years old.") Heroines die in different ways. So, Zhenya Komelkova accomplishes a true feat, leading the Germans away from her comrades, and Galya Chetvertak, simply frightened of the Germans, screams in horror and runs away from them. But we understand each of them. War is a terrible thing, and the fact that they went to the front voluntarily, knowing that death could await them, is already a feat of these young, fragile, gentle girls. Yes, the girls died, the lives of five people were cut short - this, of course, is a defeat. It is no coincidence that Vaskov, this battle-hardened man, is crying; it is no coincidence that his terrible face, filled with hatred, causes horror among the fascists. He, alone, captured several people! But still, this is a victory—a victory for the moral spirit of the Soviet people, their unshakable faith, their perseverance and heroism. And Rita Osyanina’s son, who became an officer, is a continuation of life. And if life continues, this is already a victory - a victory over death!

Examples of essays:

There is nothing more courageous than victory over yourself.

What is victory? Why is the most important thing in life to win over yourself? It is these questions that the statement of Erasmus of Rotterdam makes us think about: “There is nothing more courageous than victory over ourselves.”
I believe that victory is always a success in the fight for something. Conquering yourself means overcoming yourself, your fears and doubts, overcoming laziness and uncertainty that interfere with achieving any goal. The internal struggle is always more difficult, because a person must admit to himself his mistakes, and also that the cause of failures is only himself. And this is not easy for a person, since it is easier to blame someone else than yourself. People often lose in this war because they lack willpower and courage. That is why victory over oneself is considered the most courageous.
Many writers have discussed the importance of victory in the fight over one’s vices and fears. For example, in his novel “Oblomov,” Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov shows us a hero who is unable to overcome his laziness, which became the cause of his meaningless life. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov leads a sleepy and motionless lifestyle. Reading the novel, in this hero we see traits that are characteristic of ourselves, namely: laziness. And so, when Ilya Ilyich meets Olga Ilyinskaya, at some point it seems to us that he will finally get rid of this vice. We celebrate the changes that have happened to him. Oblomov gets up from his couch, goes on dates, visits theaters, and begins to become interested in the problems of the neglected estate, but, unfortunately, the changes turned out to be short-lived. In the fight with himself, with his laziness, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov loses. I believe that laziness is a vice of most people. After reading the novel, I concluded that if we weren’t lazy, many of us would reach high heights. Each of us needs to fight laziness; defeating it will be a big step towards future success.
Another example confirming the words of Erasmus of Rotterdam about the importance of victory over oneself can be seen in the work of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment.” The main character Rodion Raskolnikov at the beginning of the novel is obsessed with an idea. According to his theory, all people are divided into two categories: “those with the right” and “trembling creatures.” The first are people who are capable of transgressing moral laws, strong personalities, and the second are weak and weak-willed people. To test the correctness of his theory, as well as to confirm that he is a “superman,” Raskolnikov commits a brutal murder, after which his whole life turns into hell. It turned out that he is not Napoleon at all. The hero is disappointed in himself, because he was able to kill, but “he didn’t cross.” The realization of the fallacy of his inhuman theory comes after a long time, and then he finally understands that he does not want to be a “superman”. Thus, Raskolnikov’s defeat in front of his theory turned out to be his victory over himself. The hero, in the fight against the evil that has gripped his mind, wins. Raskolnikov retained the man within himself and took the difficult path of repentance, which would lead him to purification.
Thus, any success in the fight against oneself, with one’s wrong judgments, vices and fears, is the most necessary and important victory. It makes us better, makes us move forward and improve ourselves.

№2. Victory is always desired

Victory is always desirable. We expect victory from early childhood, playing different games. We need to win at all costs. And the one who wins feels like the king of the situation. And someone is a loser because he doesn’t run so fast or the chips just fell out wrong. Is victory really necessary? Who can be considered the winner? Is victory always an indicator of true superiority?

In Anton Pavlovich Chekhov's comedy “The Cherry Orchard” the conflict is centered on the confrontation between the old and the new. Noble society, brought up on the ideals of the past, has stopped in its development, accustomed to receiving everything without much difficulty, by right of birth, Ranevskaya and Gaev are helpless before the need for action. They are paralyzed, cannot make a decision, cannot move. Their world is collapsing, going to hell, and they are building rainbow projects, starting an unnecessary holiday in the house on the day of the estate auction. And then Lopakhin appears - a former serf, and now the owner of the cherry orchard. Victory intoxicated him. At first he tries to hide his joy, but soon triumph overwhelms him and, no longer embarrassed, he laughs and literally shouts:

My God, my God, my cherry orchard! Tell me that I'm drunk, out of my mind, that I'm imagining all this...
Of course, the slavery of his grandfather and father may justify his behavior, but in the face of, according to him, his beloved Ranevskaya, it looks, at least, tactless. And here it is already difficult to stop him, like a real master of life, a winner he demands:

Hey musicians, play, I want to listen to you! Come and watch how Ermolai Lopakhin takes an ax to the cherry orchard and how the trees fall to the ground!
Maybe, from the point of view of progress, Lopakhin’s victory is a step forward, but somehow it becomes sad after such victories. The garden is cut down without waiting for the former owners to leave, Firs is forgotten in the boarded-up house... Does such a play have a morning?

In the story “The Garnet Bracelet” by Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin, the focus is on the fate of a young man who dared to fall in love with a woman outside his circle. G.S.J. He has long and devotedly loved Princess Vera. His gift - a garnet bracelet - immediately attracted the woman’s attention, because the stones suddenly lit up like “lovely, rich red living lights. “Definitely blood!” - Vera thought with unexpected alarm.” Unequal relationships are always fraught with serious consequences. The alarming premonitions did not deceive the princess. The need to put the presumptuous scoundrel in his place at all costs arises not so much from the husband as from Vera’s brother. Appearing in front of Zheltkov, representatives of high society a priori behave like winners. Zheltkov’s behavior strengthens them in their confidence: “his trembling hands ran around, fiddling with buttons, pinching his light reddish mustache, touching his face unnecessarily.” The poor telegraph operator is crushed, confused, and feels guilty. But only Nikolai Nikolaevich remembers the authorities to whom the defenders of the honor of his wife and sister wanted to turn, when Zheltkov suddenly changes. No one has power over him, over his feelings, except the object of his adoration. No authorities can prohibit loving a woman. And to suffer for the sake of love, to give one’s life for it - this is the true victory of the great feeling that G.S.Zh was lucky enough to experience. He leaves silently and confidently. His letter to Vera is a hymn to a great feeling, a triumphant song of Love! His death is his victory over the insignificant prejudices of pathetic nobles who feel like masters of life.

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  • “All victories begin with victory over yourself.” Essay on Victory and defeat

    Leonid Leonov said: “All victories begin with victory over oneself.” What did the author of these words want to say? This question cannot be answered unambiguously, since this statement has a deep meaning. Life is an endless overcoming of difficulties, the most difficult of which is victory over oneself. After all, we are all endowed not only with positive qualities, but also with negative ones, such as laziness, fear, envy, bad habits. A person, knowing his pros and cons, tries to eradicate these disadvantages in himself. If he was able to overcome himself, overcoming all the bad things, then this is already a victory over himself, since this requires much more effort than over someone else.

    Victory over oneself, over one’s weaknesses and shortcomings worried many writers, in particular I.A. Goncharova. It is dear to everyone, but does everyone reach the end, the goal that they set? This is not the hero of the novel Oblomov. Laziness dominates its master. She leads him so tightly that it seems that the hero is unable to get up from his sofa, to know about the affairs taking place on his own estate. The hero is not stupid and understands everything that happens to him, and thanks to Olga and his love for her, he became eager to change his life. In fact, Ilya Ilyich began to transform: he finally got up from the sofa, took up a book, took walks, and dreamed. But this did not last long. Oblomova’s laziness did not allow him to change his lifestyle and again returned the hero to his favorite sofa . That is why “Oblomov” has become a word denoting a lazy person, devoid of dreams and aspirations. Although Oblomov pondered the meaning of life, he understood that he could not live like this, but he himself did nothing to somehow change himself. He failed in the most difficult task: defeating himself. He began to live a quiet family life, surrounded by care and warmth, but he was not able to experience happiness. Dreams and hopes remained unfulfilled.

    The second striking example is the work of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin “Dubrovsky”. At the beginning of the novel, the relationship between Kirill Petrovich Troekurov and Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky is described. Both heroes are independent individuals. But Troekurov, unlike Dubrovsky, has many harmful vices. Narcissism, vindictiveness and spoiling by power at home drowned out more noble feelings. Victory in court does not bring joy to Kirill Petrovich. The hero’s conscience torments him, and he decides to go to his old friend and apologize. I think that noble feelings prevailed over Troekurov’s cruelty and indifference. He conquered his pride, which means he conquered himself.

    To summarize what has been said, I want to say that life is a series of victories and defeats. But victory over oneself is the main victory, which cannot be compared with anything.

    Victory over yourself... How much is hidden in these words. Every day people do incredible things, sometimes heroic. Many people know that such small feats are not possible without victory over oneself, daily pain, blood, sweat, moral strength and tears. But do we ever think about what this means? Can we understand how people feel? What is the price of these seemingly small feats?

    War is the most terrible event on earth.

    Every day you live is already a victory. Victory over oneself, the enemy. This topic was discussed

    Fear, pain, death. There is so much in these words. In war, life is short, and every second lived is comparable to a small life. There is no place for girls in war. Their duty is to raise children, to be the keeper of the hearth, and the mistress of the house. But fate turned out that Lisa Brichkina, Sonya Gurvich, Zhenya Komelkova, Ritya Osyanina and Galya Chetvertak ended up at the front. Each had a dream, each wanted to love, build a future. Their life was not easy. What good can come from war, killing death? Few will look

    On the other hand, few people know what these sacrifices are worth. Daily feats for the sake of your freedom, victory over yourself. I remember the last day of the offensive and the death of all the girls. They accepted death with dignity, and no one dared to go back. And even here, in a pool of their own blood, they did not forget about their family and close friends. They did not die in vain. After all, each of them believed with all the parts of her soul in the peaceful sky above her head, in a bright life and fought for her dream, the country in which she lives. And by defeating themselves, the girls made our victory possible.

    Life is made up of daily struggles. And at the front from victory over oneself. You can talk about the Great Patriotic War for a very long time, write hundreds of books and make thousands of films. But the most valuable “victory” will be our memory. And if we preserve the exploits of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers for our future generations, it means that they did not fight in vain, that the price of their daily struggle is our memory. And while they are here, in our hearts, victory is alive.


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    Since the 2014-2015 academic year, the program for the state final certification of schoolchildren has included a final graduation essay. This format differs significantly from the classic exam. The work is of a non-subject nature, relying on the graduate’s knowledge in the field of literature. The essay aims to reveal the examinee’s ability to reason on a given topic and argue his point of view. Mainly, the final essay allows you to assess the level of speech culture of the graduate. For the examination paper, five topics from a closed list are proposed.

    1. Introduction
    2. Main part - thesis and arguments
    3. Conclusion - conclusion

    The final essay 2016-2017 requires a volume of 350 words or more.

    The time allotted for the examination work is 3 hours 55 minutes.

    Topics for the final essay

    The questions proposed for consideration are usually addressed to the inner world of a person, personal relationships, psychological characteristics and concepts of universal morality. Thus, the topics of the final essay for the 2016-2017 academic year include the following areas:

    1. "Victory and Defeat"

    Here are concepts that the examinee will have to reveal in the process of reasoning, turning to examples from the world of literature. In the final essay 2016-2017, the graduate must identify the relationships between these categories based on analysis, construction of logical relationships and application of knowledge of literary works.

    One such theme is “Victory and Losing.”

    As a rule, works from a school literature course are a large gallery of different images and characters that can be used to write a final essay on the topic “Victory and Defeat.”

    • Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace"
    • Roman I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"
    • Tale by N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba"
    • Story by M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man"
    • Story by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"
    • Roman I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov"

    Arguments for the theme “Victory and defeat” 2016-2017

    • “War and Peace” by Leo Tolstoy

    The theme of victory and defeat itself is present in the war in its most obvious manifestation. War of 1812 - this is one of the largest and most significant events for Russia, during which the national spirit and patriotism of the population, as well as the skill of the Russian high command, were demonstrated. After the council in Fili, the Russian commander M.I. Kutuzov decided to leave Moscow. Thus, it was planned to save the troops and thereby Russia. This decision does not demonstrate defeat in military operations - but on the contrary: it proves the invincibility of the Russian people. After all, after the military, all its residents, representatives of high society and the nobility began to leave the city. The people demonstrated their disobedience to the French by leaving the city to the enemy rather than be under the rule of Bonaparte. Napoleon, who entered the city, did not meet resistance, but saw only burning Moscow, which people had abandoned, and realized not his seemingly victory, but defeat. Defeat from the Russian spirit.

    • “Fathers and Sons” by I.S. Turgenev

    In the work of I.S. Turgenev, the conflict of generations is manifested, in particular, in the confrontation between the young nihilist Evgeny Bazarov and the nobleman P.P. Kirsanov. Bazarov is a self-confident young man, he boldly judges everything, considering himself a man who made himself with his own work and mind. His opponent Kirsanov led a riotous lifestyle, experienced a lot, felt a lot, loved a secular beauty and thereby gained experience that influenced him. He became more reasonable and mature. In the dispute between Bazarov and Kirsanov, the outward victory of the young man is manifested - he is harsh, but at the same time maintains decency, and the nobleman does not restrain himself, breaking into insults. However, during the duel between the two heroes, the seemingly won victory of the nihilist Bazarov turns into a defeat in the main confrontation.

    He meets the love of his life and cannot resist his feelings, nor admit it, because he denied the existence of love. Yes, here Bazarov was defeated. Dying, he realizes that he lived his life denying everything and everyone, and at the same time lost the most important thing.

    • "Taras Bulba" N.V. Gogol

    In the story by N.V. Gogol can be found as an example of how victory and defeat can be intertwined. The youngest son Andriy, for the sake of love, betrayed his homeland and Cossack honor, going over to the enemy side. His personal victory is that he defended his love by boldly deciding to do this kind of act. However, his betrayal of his father and homeland is unforgivable - and this is his defeat. The story demonstrates one of the most difficult battles - the spiritual struggle of a person with himself. After all, here we cannot talk about victory and defeat, since it is impossible to win without losing on the other side.

    Essay example

    In life, a person is accompanied by a large number of situations in which he has to resist something or someone. Often, these are some circumstances, specific conditions and a struggle where there are winners and losers. And sometimes these are more complex situations where victory and defeat can be viewed from different points of view.

    Let us turn to the treasury of arguments from Russian classical literature - the great work of Leo Tolstoy “War and Peace”. A significant part of the novel consists of military actions during the Patriotic War of 1812, when the entire Russian people stood up to defend the country from the French invaders. The theme of victory and defeat itself is present in the war in its most obvious manifestation. After the council in Fili, the Russian commander M.I. Kutuzov decided to leave Moscow. Thus, it was planned to save the troops and thereby Russia. This decision does not demonstrate defeat in military operations - but on the contrary: it proves the invincibility of the Russian people. After all, after the military, all its residents, representatives of high society and the nobility began to leave the city. The people demonstrated their disobedience to the French by leaving the city to the enemy rather than be under the rule of Bonaparte. Napoleon, who entered the city, did not meet resistance, but saw only burning Moscow, which people had abandoned, and realized not his seemingly victory, but defeat. Defeat from the Russian spirit.

    In the story by N.V. Gogol can be found as an example of how victory and defeat can be intertwined. The youngest son Andriy, for the sake of love, betrayed his homeland and the honor of the Cossack army, going over to the enemy side. His personal victory is that he defended his feelings by boldly deciding to do this kind of act. However, his betrayal of his father and homeland is unforgivable - and this is his defeat. The story demonstrates one of the most difficult battles - the spiritual struggle of a person with himself. After all, here we cannot talk about victory and defeat, since it is impossible to win without losing on the other side.

    Thus, it is worth saying that victory does not always represent the superiority and confidence that we are accustomed to imagine. And, besides, often victory and defeat go side by side, complementing each other and shaping the characteristics of a person’s personality.

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