Fairytale-epic genre of painting: origin, artists, paintings. Epic genre of painting What is a fabulously epic genre

Fairy-tale genre. (mythological genre) (Lesson-reasoning) Objectives: 1. To form ideas about the fabulously epic genre in painting using the example of the works of V. Vasnetsov and I. Bilibin, M. Vrubel. 2. To cultivate a moral and aesthetic attitude towards the world, love and interest in art. 3 Develop skills in search work and collective perception, a creative attitude towards completing a task. Lesson plan 1 Conversation about the features of the fairy-tale genre. 2. Story - a message about the life and work of I. Bilibin, V. Vasnetsov, M. Vrubel. 3. Completing the test task. 4. Summing up and analyzing the task.

From Greek (my thos) - tradition. A genre of fine art dedicated to events and characters about which myths, legends, and traditions tell. The mythological genre was formed during the Renaissance, when ancient legends provided rich subjects for paintings by S. Botticelli, Giorgione, and frescoes by Raphael.

Vasnetsov Viktor Mikhailovich (g.) (g.) Bogatyrs “Legends of deep antiquity”

Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich (g.) Is a prominent representative of “modern” in Russian graphics, created an ornamental and decorative graphically expressive “Bilibin style” of book illustration, based on the stylization of folk popular print motifs, embroidery, and wood carvings.

Vrubel Mikhail Aleksandrovich (g.) ...Beyond the sea there is a princess that you can’t take your eyes off: During the day the light of God is eclipsed, At night the earth is illuminated, The moon glitters under the scythe, And in the forehead the star burns. A.S. Pushkin

Test task 1. option Which of the Vasnetsov brothers created the painting “Bogatyrs”: Victor or Apollinaris? Which Russian artist designed the façade of the Tretyakov Gallery building? Sitting, flying, defeated... And all the same character from the same artist, only the paintings are different. Name the artist and character. 2. option Which of the Vasnetsov brothers painted the paintings “The Moscow Kremlin under Ivan Kalita” and “The Moscow Kremlin under Dmitry Donskoy”: Victor or Apollinary? In 1896, Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov was awarded the high title of “Honorary Citizen of Moscow.” Which artist painted this letter? Name the Russian artist, the author of the painting “The Swan Princess”.

The emergence of the fairy tale genre of painting is usually attributed to the second half of the 19th century. The emergence of this new direction is associated with the increased interest not only of artists, but of the Russian educated public in general in the nationally distinctive origins of our country.

Cultural situation

At the beginning of the century, heated disputes arose between several circles of the intelligentsia regarding the paths of development of our country. Some said that the state belongs to the European powers and that it has a common path of development with them. Others, on the contrary, believed that Russia should follow its own original and unique path of development, which they sought confirmation of in examples from ancient history.

Prerequisites for the emergence of the genre

Such discussions were very fruitful not only for socio-political thought, but also for the state of culture in general. The fairy-tale genre appeared, so to speak, on the wave of the above-mentioned philosophical trends and directions. At the same time, it became a natural result of the development of Russian fine art, in which historical themes traditionally occupied one of the leading places. Back in the 18th and 19th centuries, many artists captured pictures from ancient Russian history on their canvases, which served as an impetus for interest in Russian folk tales, epics, and ancient legends. After all, many ancient Russian stories were covered in epic romance, which made them so attractive.

Features of the compositions

In the second half of the 19th century, the fairy-tale genre took one of the leading places in the fine arts. This new direction had its own. First of all, most of the images were colorful and unusually expressive. If we recall the most famous works in this genre, they amaze with the richness of their colors and shades. This is explained by the desire of painters to give plasticity to the images and at the same time attract the attention of the public to them.

Secondly, the fairy-tale genre was distinguished by its scale and monumentality. This is due to the themes of the stories. The fact is that artists, as a rule, chose heroic scenes from the country’s past as the subject for their canvases and very often settled on those epic stories that particularly suited their ideas. For example, the painting “Three Heroes” is distinguished by its extraordinary seriousness and solemnity. It is made in the spirit of ancient Russian legends and epics, glorifying the exploits of the defenders of the Russian land.

Images

The fairytale-epic genre also has the characteristic feature that authors working in this direction chose the most expressive images and plots as the object of depiction, which in one way or another reflected the most famous pages of the past, and also conveyed the spirit of the ancient era. The most common image in painting of this direction is a hero, a warrior, a defender of the Russian land. For example, the canvas “The Knight at the Crossroads” is both a reflection of ancient legends and at the same time shows how the author imagined the era of Ancient Rus'. At the same time, the painting has references to folk tales: the canvas depicts a knight who chooses his path by reading the inscription on the stone. The combination of fairy-tale, epic and historical elements came together surprisingly harmoniously in this picture. This principle is generally characteristic of Vasnetsov’s work, which is what made his paintings so popular.

The fairy-tale genre in the fine arts has taken one of the leading places in Russian painting. Another image characteristic of him is that fairy-tale heroines, for example, Vasilisa the Wise or the Swan Princess, were especially popular. These female images were the most popular in fairy tales, so it is not surprising that the authors turned to them so often.

Another image is that of a storyteller. For example, one of the most famous paintings by Vasnetsov is the canvas “Bayan,” which depicts an ancient Russian guslar singer telling an ancient legend to soldiers. It is characteristic that this particular hero became the subject of the image. The appeal to his image is very significant in the sense that the artists understood that it was thanks to such storytellers that these epics, fairy tales and legends came to us.

Connection with music

The fairy-tale epic largely received an impetus for development due to the fact that at the time in question many composers turned to ancient Russian themes when writing operas. Of course, motifs from fairy tales, epics and ancient legends were also present in their works. Very often, artists painted scenery in the appropriate spirit, which contributed to the flourishing of the genre being studied. As an example of operas of this kind, one can name the musical works of Rimsky-Korsakov, who very often turned to historical, epic and fairy-tale themes. Other composers also used these themes in their works (for example, Stravinsky). These works were very popular in the West, which served as an impetus for the development of this direction in painting.

Famous paintings

Paintings of the fairy-tale genre occupy a prominent place not only among works on historical subjects, but also in fine art in general. In addition to the above works, we should mention paintings dedicated exclusively to plots from ancient Russian folk tales. For example, the painting “Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf” is a masterpiece in this regard. Fairy-tale and historical elements are combined in this work of the author in such a harmonious unity that, looking at it, it is difficult to distinguish the fairy-tale from the real.

Another example in this series is the painting “Alyonushka” by the same author. It is known that he painted it from a simple peasant girl, which gives the canvas such brightness and expressiveness. The undoubted advantage of the works of this direction is the fact that in them the motifs of fairy tales, epics and legends had such a lively and expressive coloring that the plots received a historical sound and were perceived as part of the cultural past.

Representatives

Artists of the fairy-tale genre have worldwide recognition. Their works are a worthy contribution not only to domestic but also to world culture. In addition to Vasnetsov, Bilibin should also be mentioned in this series. He became famous for writing drawings on fairy tale themes. His illustrations for the famous “The Tale of Tsar Saltan” by Pushkin are especially popular. His works are distinguished by their brightness and richness of colors, and in appearance they are very similar to frames from cartoons. In this regard, the author has outlived his time: his drawings are still used today as a standard for creating animations.

Vrubel also turned to fairy tales. His painting “The Swan Princess”, based on the same fairy tale, is famous. The style of this artist is very original and specific and therefore very different from the works of his predecessors. His colors are somewhat blurred and muted, in contrast to Bilibin’s bright drawings.

The meaning of genre

The fairy-tale genre (7th grade) occupies a prominent place in the educational process at school. Already at the middle level, students are introduced to the main works in this direction. Moreover, they can be shown both in history lessons and in literature. These works help to clearly demonstrate both the features of the artist’s work and the specifics of ancient Russian society. Very often, on the basis of them, they study the life, clothing, housing, and culture of those distant times. In addition, at this age, schoolchildren perceive vivid images very vividly, and therefore the paintings of the above-mentioned masters should be analyzed in the context of works of ancient Russian literature. This was the most important stage in the development of Russian painting, which should be distinguished as a separate period in the fine arts.

> born in 1876 in St. Petersburg in the family of a military doctor. The father did not support his son’s aspirations for drawing, and at his father’s request, Bilibin graduated from the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University, but at the same time studied at the school of the Society for the Encouragement of the Arts, and also, as a volunteer, entered Repin’s workshop, the Academy of Arts. In 1898 he went to Munich to work in the workshop of Professor Aschbe. Bilibin retained the basics of precise drawing throughout his life. Bilibin spent the summer of 1899 in the Tver province, here his acquaintance with the Russian village and folk art began. In the same year, the State Papers Expedition began publishing Russian folk tales with drawings by Bilibin. The name Bilibin became widely known throughout Russia. In his person was a master who perfectly conveyed the spirit of joyful and folk fabulousness. To this day, these “Bilibino” tales are an example of high printing technology. This series included “Vasilisa the Beautiful”, “The Tale of Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf”<Рисунок 2 >, “White Duck”, “Frog Princess”, etc. Bilibin fully joined the “World of Art” association.<Рисунок 3 >The first resounding success was an impetus for the further development of the artist’s work. He travels to the north of Russia, where he discovered the beauty of wooden architecture and the ornamental richness of folk costumes and embroidery.

The results of the trip showed quite quickly. In 1904, the epic “Volga” with drawings by Bilibin was published. This is one of the best publications of our century. The illustrations of this epic depict the departure of Volga’s squad, the fantastic Indian kingdom, the depths of the sea, birds and fabulous animals.

All the artist’s works are united by one constant quality – exceptional craftsmanship. Bilibin's works teach respect for work and responsibility for every line, for every pattern. In all the artist’s works his love for the ancient world of Russia is visible, and he carried his admiration for this world throughout his entire life.

His dream of happiness, of using all kinds of images of beauty in life, is captivating.

• Anyone who retains a youthful soul will find joy in Bilibin’s works.
• Fairy-tale genre. (mythological genre)
• From Greek (my thos) - tradition.

• A genre of fine art dedicated to events and characters about which myths, legends, and traditions tell.

• The mythological genre was formed during the Renaissance, when ancient legends provided rich subjects for paintings by S. Botticelli, Giorgione, and frescoes by Raphael.

• S. Botticelli “Spring”
• Giorgione "Adoration of the Shepherds"

• Raphael
• "Ezekiel's Vision"

• Vasnetsov Viktor Mikhailovich

(1848-1926) an outstanding Russian artist, a master of painting, created works on the themes of national history, Russian epics and folk tales, devoting almost all of his subsequent work to them. One of the first Russian artists to turn to Russian folklore, Vasnetsov sought to give an epic character to his works, to embody age-old folk ideals and high patriotic feelings in poetic form. Bogatyrs"The Knight at the Crossroads"

• “After the massacre of Svyatoslavovich’s grief”

"Alyonushka" Sketch for "Alyonushka"

• “The fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it, A lesson to the good fellow. »

• "Snow Maiden"

• "Ivan Tsarevich on a gray wolf"

"Princess Frog"

• Oleg's meeting with the magician

Magic birds

• Koschei the Deathless
• Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich (1876-1942)

He is a prominent representative of “modern” in Russian graphics, created an ornamental and decorative graphically expressive

• “Bilibino style” of book illustration, based on the stylization of motifs from folk popular prints, embroidery, and wood carvings.

• Illustrations for fairy tales "Epics"

• "Volga"
• The work of Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel is one of the most significant and mysterious phenomena of Russian art of the late 19th century. Great skill, tragedy, heroic spirit and unique decorative gift make Vrubel an artist for all times. Forever living in his own world, inaccessible to the understanding of others, Vrubel was able to recreate his complex world in the images of his unusual art, and these images became one of the most important milestones of Russian culture at the turn of the century.

Vrubel Mikhail Alexandrovich

• (1856-1910)
• What you can't take your eyes off:
• During the day the light of God is eclipsed,
• Lights up the earth at night
• The moon shines under the scythe,
• And in the forehead the star is burning.
• A.S. Pushkin

"Demon Seated"

• "33 heroes"

• "Eastern Tale"

• "Princess Volkhova"

• "Fortune Teller"

• "Bogatyr"

Test

• 1. option
• Which of the Vasnetsov brothers created the painting “Bogatyrs”: Victor or Apollinaris?
• Which Russian artist designed the façade of the Tretyakov Gallery building?
• Sitting, flying, defeated... And all the same character from the same artist, only the paintings are different. Name the artist and character.

• Option 2
• Which of the Vasnetsov brothers painted the paintings “The Moscow Kremlin under Ivan Kalita” and “The Moscow Kremlin under Dmitry Donskoy”: Victor or Apollinaris?
• In 1896, Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov was awarded the high title of “Honorary Citizen of Moscow.” Which artist painted this letter?
• Name the Russian artist, the author of the painting “The Swan Princess”.

Answers

• Victor Vasnetsov.
• Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov.
• Vrubel Mikhail Alexandrovich.

• Apollinary Vasnetsov.
• Victor Vasnetsov.
• Vrubel Mikhail Alexandrovich.

Lesson summary.

• Questions:
• How do the paintings of I. Bilibin and V. Vasnetsov differ?
• Who are the main characters in the paintings (people or fairy-tale characters)?