Essay on the topic: Honor and dishonor in the story The Duel, Kuprin. Essay “Essay based on the story by A. S. Pushkin “Station Warden Moral qualities of a person”

Arguments for the final essay.

1. A. Pushkin“The Captain's Daughter” (As you know, A. S. Pushkin died in a duel, fighting for the honor of his wife. M. Lermontov in his poem called the poet a “slave of honor.” The quarrel, the cause of which was the insulted honor of A. Pushkin, led to the death the greatest writer. However, Alexander Sergeevich retained his honor and good name in the memory of people.

In his story "The Captain's Daughter" Pushkin portrays Petrusha Grinev with high moral qualities. Peter did not sully his honor even in those cases when he could have paid for it with his head. He was a highly moral person worthy of respect and pride. He could not leave Shvabrin’s slander against Masha unpunished, so he challenged him to a duel. Grinev retained his honor even under pain of death).

2. M. Sholokhov“The Fate of a Man” (In a short story, Sholokhov touched on the topic of honor. Andrei Sokolov was a simple Russian man, he had a family, a loving wife, children, his own home. Everything collapsed in an instant, and the war was to blame. But nothing could break a real Russian spirit. Sokolov managed to endure all the hardships of the war with his head held high. One of the main episodes that reveals the strength and persistent character of a person is the scene of the interrogation of Andrei by Muller. The weak, hungry soldier surpassed the fascist in strength of spirit. unexpected for the Germans: “Why should I, a Russian soldier, drink to the victory of German weapons?” The fascists appreciated the courage of the Russian soldier, saying: “You are a brave soldier. I am also a soldier and I respect worthy opponents. Sokolov’s strength of character aroused the respect of the Germans and they decided.” that this person deserves life. Andrei Sokolov personifies honor and dignity. He is ready to give even his life for them.))

3. M. Lermonotov. The novel “A Hero of Our Time” (Pechorin knew about Grushnitsky’s intentions, but nevertheless did not wish him harm. An act worthy of respect. Grushnitsky, on the contrary, committed a dishonest act by offering Pechorin an unloaded weapon in a duel).

4. M. Lermonotov“Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich...”. (Lermontov talks about the permissiveness of people in power. This is Kiribeevich, who encroached on his married wife. Laws are not written for him, he is not afraid of anything, even Tsar Ivan the Terrible supports him, so he agrees to fight with the merchant Kalashnikov. Merchant Stepan Paramonovich Kalashnikov is a man of truth, a faithful husband and a loving father. And even despite the risk of losing to Kiribeevich, he challenged him to a fist fight for the honor of his wife Alena. By killing the guardsman, Merchant Kalashnikov aroused the wrath of the tsar, who ordered him to be hanged. Of course, Stepan. Paramonovich could have yielded to the tsar and avoided his death, but for him the honor of his family turned out to be more valuable. Using the example of this hero, Lermontov showed the true Russian character of a simple man of honor - strong in spirit, unshakable, honest and noble.)

5. N. Gogol"Taras Bulba". (Ostap accepted his death with dignity).

6. V. Rasputin"French lessons". (The boy Vova passes all tests with honor in order to get an education and become a man)

6. A. Pushkin"Captain's daughter". (Shvabrin is a striking example of a person who has lost his dignity. He is the complete opposite of Grinev. This is a person for whom the concept of honor and nobility does not exist at all. He walked over the heads of others, overstepping himself in favor of his momentary desires. Popular rumor says: “Take care dress again, but honor from a young age." Once your honor has been tarnished, you are unlikely to ever be able to restore your good name.)

7. F.M. Dostoevsky“Crime and Punishment” (Raskolnikov is a murderer, but the dishonest act was based on pure thoughts. What is it: honor or dishonor?)

8. F.M. Dostoevsky"Crime and Punishment". (Sonya Marmeladova sold herself, but did it for the sake of her family. What is this: honor or dishonor?)

9. F.M. Dostoevsky"Crime and Punishment". (Dunya was slandered. But her honor was restored. Honor is easy to lose.)

10. L.N. Tolstoy“War and Peace” (Having become the owner of a large inheritance, Bezukhov, with his honesty and faith in the kindness of people, falls into the net set by Prince Kuragin. His attempts to take possession of the inheritance failed, then he decided to get the money in another way. He married the young man to his daughter Helen , who had no feelings for her husband. In the good-natured and peace-loving Pierre, who learned about Helen’s betrayal with Dolokhov, anger began to boil and he challenged Fedor to battle. The duel showed Pierre’s courage. Thus, using the example of Pierre Bezukhov, Tolstoy showed the qualities that cause. respect. And the pathetic intrigues of Prince Kuragin, Helen and Dolokhov brought them only suffering. Lies, hypocrisy and sycophancy never bring real success, but they can tarnish a person’s honor and lose his dignity).

Preparation for the final essay on literature, grade 11

towards "Honor and Dishonor"

The concept of honor must be instilled in a child from birth, otherwise in adulthood it will be too late and the child may grow up to be a scoundrel.

Tolstoy "War and Peace"

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", "Dubrovsky"

Russian literature of the 19th century)

A real person cannot live without honor, so he must protect himself and his family even at the cost of his own life (Pushkin died in a duel defending his own family)

Pushkin "Dubrovsky"

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"

Conclusion:

Yes and no. It all depends on what the duel took place for.

Kuprin "Duel"

Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"

Tolstoy "War and Peace"

Of course, a person often hesitates before doing a bad deed. If it is completed, then life is divided into “before” and “after”. And changing something is extremely difficult, if not impossible.

Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"

Pushkin "E. Onegin"

Conclusion:

Sometimes a person values ​​too much the opinion of complete strangers and few people he respects. Because of this, he can make stupid things and even tragic mistakes. Sometimes a person himself creates conflict situations, and then, under the guise of defending his honor, kills someone in a duel. The true honor in this situation is not to kill the one you yourself have offended, but to ask for forgiveness and admit your guilt.

Pushkin “Eugene Onegin” (Onegin kills Lensky because he is afraid of gossip)

Lermontov “Hero of Our Time” (Pechorin kills Grushnitsky because he doesn’t want to be a laughing stock. But who is to blame for all this?)

honor (Victor Hugo)

In past centuries, offended people challenged the offender to a duel or committed suicide. Now, to protect their honor and dignity, civilized people go to court.

Bunin "Caucasus"

Pushkin “Eugene Onegin” (about Lensky)

Conclusion:

7.

They say that a man of honor is always ready to die and is not afraid of death. You should always be guided by the main moral principles: do not steal, do not kill, do not covet, etc.

V. Bykov “Sotnikov”

Tolstoy "War and Peace"

Conclusion:
B. Pascal

8.

The origins of dishonesty lie deep in childhood. If parents did not instill in their child standards of behavior, if they themselves could afford to act deceitfully, then the child, growing up, will not be an honest person.

Tolstoy "War and Peace"

N.V. Gogol “Dead Souls”

Conclusion:

9. What is the meaning of honor?

It happens that a person looks very respectable: good clothes, face, gait, haircut. But if you get to know him better, talk, look at his actions, it turns out that he is not at all who he claims to be. And sometimes it happens the other way around: at first you don’t like the person, but then you realize that he is decent and honest.

Pushkin "Station Warden"

Leskov "Old genius"

Conclusion:

All Russian literature of the 19th century touches on this topic in one way or another. But most of all I remember Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace”

Bibliography

1. Life of Alexander Nevsky

2. “Shemyakin court”

3. F.I. Fonvizin “Undergrowth” (Messrs. Prostakovs, Mitrofan, Sophia, Milon, Starodum)

4. A.S. Pushkin “The Captain’s Daughter” (Peter Grinev, Alexey Shvabrin, Masha Mironova, Pugachev), “Eugene Onegin” (Onegin, Vladimir Lensky, Tatyana and Olga Larin), “Station Master” (Samson Vyrin, his daughter Dunya and cornet Minsky)

5. N.S. Leskov “Old genius” (old woman, young nobleman, official of the 14th category)

6.I.A.Bunin “Caucasus”, “Mr. from San Francisco”

7. “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”

8. M.Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time” (Pechorin Grigory Alexandrovich, Grushnitsky, Princess Mary, Bela, Maxim Maksimych, Vera)

9. A.K. Tolstoy “Vasily Shibanov” (Prince Kurbsky and his stirrup Vasily Shibanov, Ivan the Terrible, Malyuta)

10. L.N. Tolstoy “War and Peace”

11. A.I. Kuprin “Duel” (Grigory Romashov, Shurochka, her husband Nikolaev), “Garnet Bracelet” (Grandmother Vera Sheina, her husband Vasily, brother Nikolai Nikolaevich, poor official Zheltkov, father’s friend General Anosov)

12. M. Gorky “At the Bottom”

13. N.V. Gogol “The Inspector General”, “Dead Souls”

14. V. Bykov “Sotnikov” (Sotnikov, Fisherman, headman, Demichikha)

Honor and dishonor

About honor (for introduction)

Concepts such as “honor” and “conscience” have somehow lost their relevance in the modern world of indifference and a cynical attitude towards life.
If previously it was a shame to be considered an unscrupulous person, today such a “compliment” is taken lightly and even with bravado. Pangs of conscience - today this is something from the realm of melodrama and is perceived as a movie plot, that is, the audience is indignant, and at the end of the film they go and, for example, steal apples from someone else's orchard.
Nowadays, it has become a shame to show mercy, compassion, empathy. Nowadays it’s “cool”, to the approving hooting of the crowd, to hit a weak person, kick a dog, insult an elderly person, be rude to a passerby, and so on. Any nasty thing created by one scumbag is perceived as almost a feat by the fragile minds of teenagers.
We have stopped feeling, having isolated ourselves from the realities of life with our own indifference. We pretend that we don’t see or hear. Today we pass by a bully, swallow insults, and tomorrow we ourselves quietly turn into unscrupulous and dishonest people.
Let's remember past centuries. Duels with swords and pistols for insulting one's honorable name. Conscience and duty that guided the thoughts of the defenders of the Fatherland. Mass heroism of the people in the Great Patriotic War for the enemy’s trampling of the honor of their beloved Motherland. No one shifted the unbearable burden of responsibility and duty onto the shoulders of another to make himself more comfortable.
Honor and conscience are the most important and valuable qualities of the human soul.
A dishonest person can go through life without feeling pangs of conscience for his actions. There will always be sycophants and hypocrites scurrying around, extolling his imaginary merits. But none of them will lend him a helping hand in difficult times.
An unscrupulous person will not spare anyone on his ambitious path to achieve his goals. Neither devoted friendship, nor love for the Motherland, nor compassion, nor mercy, nor human kindness are inherent in such a person.
Each of us wants respect and attention from others. But only when we ourselves become more tolerant, more restrained, more tolerant and kinder, will we have the moral right to respond to the manifestation of the listed qualities.
If today you betrayed a friend, cheated on a loved one, cheated on a colleague, insulted a subordinate, or betrayed someone’s trust, then don’t be surprised if tomorrow the same thing happens to you. Finding yourself abandoned and unwanted, you will have a great chance to reconsider your attitude towards life, towards people, towards your actions.
A deal with conscience that covers up shady dealings up to a certain point can end very badly in the future. There will always be someone more cunning, arrogant, dishonest and unscrupulous, who, under the guise of false flattery, will push you into the abyss of ruin in order to take the place that you also took from another.
An honest person always feels free and confident. Acting according to his conscience, he does not burden his soul with vices. He is not characterized by greed, envy and irrepressible ambitions. He simply lives and enjoys every day given to him from above.

Conclusion: An honest man can be persecuted, but not dishonored. (F. Voltaire)

2. Honor, decency, conscience - qualities that should be valued (according to works

Russian literature of the 19th century)

Conclusion:I agree to endure any misfortune,

But I will not agree for honor to suffer. (Pierre Corneille)

Conclusion: Honor is like a precious stone: the slightest speck deprives it of its shine and takes away from it

its entire price. (Pierre Beauchaine, French writer)

4 Do you agree with the statement of F.M. Dostoevsky “In everything there is a line beyond which to cross

dangerous; for once you step over, it is impossible to go back”?

Conclusion:“The opposite of honor is dishonor, or disgrace, which consists in the bad opinion and contempt of others” (Bernard Mandeville)

5. What is true honor and what is imaginary?

When a guilty person admits his guilt, he saves the only thing worth saving - his

honor (Victor Hugo)

6. What lengths can you go to in order to protect human honor?

Conclusion:

"I prefer death to dishonor" (unknown author)

7. How to choose in a difficult moment between honor and dishonor?

Conclusion:He who is not ready to die for his own honor will find dishonor.
B. Pascal

8. Where do dishonest people come from?

Conclusion:“My father taught me that in life, duty and honor come first. A man who cannot keep his word is no better than a wild beast...” (Centurion)

9. What is the meaning of honor?

“You are greeted by your clothes, but you are escorted by your mind”

Conclusion:“The strong are not the best, but the honest ones. Honor and self-dignity are the strongest” (Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky)

10. A work about honor and dishonor that excited you...

List of literature in the direction of “Honor and dishonor”

1. Life of Alexander Nevsky

2. “Shemyakin court”

3. F.I.Fonvizin “Undergrowth” (Messrs. Prostakovs, Mitrofan, Sophia, Milon, Starodum)

4. A.S. Pushkin “The Captain’s Daughter” (Peter Grinev, Alexey Shvabrin, Masha Mironova, Pugachev), “Eugene Onegin” (Onegin, Vladimir Lensky, Tatyana and Olga Larin), “Station Master” (Samson Vyrin, his daughter Dunya and cornet Minsky)

5. N.S. Leskov “Old genius” (old woman, young nobleman, official of the 14th category)

6.I.A.Bunin “Caucasus”, “Mr. from San Francisco”

7. “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”

8. M.Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time” (Pechorin Grigory Alexandrovich, Grushnitsky, Princess Mary, Bela, Maxim Maksimych, Vera)

9. A.K. Tolstoy “Vasily Shibanov” (Prince Kurbsky and his stirrup Vasily Shibanov, Ivan the Terrible, Malyuta)

10. L.N. Tolstoy “War and Peace”

11. A.I. Kuprin “Duel” (Grigory Romashov, Shurochka, her husband Nikolaev), “Garnet Bracelet” (Grandmother Vera Sheina, her husband Vasily, brother Nikolai Nikolaevich, poor official Zheltkov, father’s friend General Anosov)

12. M. Gorky “At the Bottom”

13. N.V. Gogol “The Inspector General”, “Dead Souls”

14. V. Bykov “Sotnikov” (Sotnikov, Fisherman, headman, Demichikha)

Essay on the topic: The theme of honor and dishonor in the works of Pushkin

After reading the story by A.S. Pushkin’s “The Captain’s Daughter”, you understand that one of the themes of this work is the theme of honor and dishonor. The story contrasts two heroes: Grinev and Shvabrin - and their ideas about honor. These heroes are young, both of them are nobles. YES, they end up in this outback (Belogorsk Fortress) not of their own free will. Grinev - at the insistence of his father, who decided that his son needed to “pull the strap and smell the gunpowder...” And Shvabrin ended up in the Belogorsk fortress, perhaps because of the high-profile story associated with the duel. We know that for a nobleman a duel is a way to defend honor. And Shvabrin, at the beginning of the story, seems to be a man of honor. Although from the point of view of an ordinary person, Vasilisa Yegorovna, a duel is “murder.” This assessment allows the reader who sympathizes with this heroine to doubt Shvabrin’s nobility.
You can judge a person by his actions in difficult times. For the heroes, the challenge was the capture of the Belogorsk fortress by Pugachev. Shvabrin saves his life. We see him “with his hair cut in a circle, in a Cossack caftan, among the rebels.” And during the execution, he whispers something in Pugachev’s ear. Grinev is ready to share the fate of Captain Mironov. He refuses to kiss the impostor’s hand because he is ready to “prefer a cruel execution to such humiliation...”.
They also treat Masha differently. Grinev admires and respects Masha, even writes poetry in her honor. Shvabrin, on the contrary, confuses the name of his beloved girl with dirt, saying “if you want Masha Mironova to come to you at dusk, then instead of tender poems, give her a pair of earrings.” Shvabrin slanderes not only this girl, but also her relatives. For example, when he says “as if Ivan Ignatich was in an inappropriate relationship with Vasilisa Egorovna..” It becomes clear that Shvabrin actually does not love Masha. When Grinev rushed to free Marya Ivanovna, he saw her “pale, thin, with disheveled hair, in a peasant dress.” The girl’s appearance eloquently speaks of what she had to endure due to the fault of Shvabrin, who tortured her, kept her in captivity and constantly threatened to extradite her her rebels.
If we compare the main characters, Grinev will certainly command more respect, because despite his youth he managed to behave with dignity, remained true to himself, did not disgrace his father’s honorable name, and defended his beloved.
Perhaps all this allows us to call him a man of honor. Self-esteem helps our hero at the trial at the end of the story to calmly look into the eyes of Shvabrin, who, having lost everything, continues to fuss, trying to slander his enemy. Long ago, while still in the fortress, he crossed the boundaries determined by honor, wrote a letter - a denunciation - to Grinev's father, trying to destroy the newly born love. Having acted dishonestly once, he cannot stop and becomes a traitor. And therefore Pushkin is right when he says “take care of honor from a young age” and makes them an epigraph to the entire work.

>Essays on the work The Duel

Honor and dishonor

The story “The Duel” is considered one of the best works by A. I. Kuprin. The story centers on the lives of army officers. The author managed to create a whole gallery of portraits worthy of analysis. Among them are representatives of the older generation, and young, inexperienced officers, and timid recruits, and wives of soldiers. Kuprin endowed each character with personal qualities. It is no coincidence that he touched upon the soldier’s theme. The writer spent his childhood in an orphanage and he, inspired by the victory of the Russian army, being already in high school, decided to enter the military academy, which he easily succeeded.

Later, he retold his army experience in some novels and short stories. The story “The Duel” was published in 1905. In it we see how officers, in the fight for their honor, take different, sometimes rash, steps. The main character of the work is the young second lieutenant Georgy Romashov, who serves under the command of Vladimir Efimovich Nikolaev. Romashov himself is a kind, honest and romantic person by nature. He has been serving in the regiment for two years now, but he cannot come to terms with the rough and cruel morals of army life. It so happened that he was artificially drawn into a conflict with Lieutenant Nikolaev, who challenged him to a duel.

The situation was such that Romashova was pestered for some time by the married lady Raisa Aleksandrovna Peterson. When he told her that everything was over between them, she began to send countless anonymous letters to Nikolaev, revealing in them the true attitude of the second lieutenant to his wife Shurochka. In fact, Romashov was not indifferent to Shurochka, but he did not pretend to reciprocate feelings. Tired of letters addressed to him, Nikolaev nevertheless challenged the second lieutenant to a duel. Nazansky tried to persuade his friend to refuse this challenge, but Shurochka came to Romashov and begged him not to refuse the fight for the sake of her husband’s career. Unable to refuse her, the second lieutenant agreed.

At the end of the work, we learn from a report with the testimony of a junior doctor that Romashov died from a wound in the stomach. Did he do the right thing by accepting Nikolaev’s challenge? Perhaps he should have listened to the philosophical Nazansky, who told him that life is infinitely good and it is not worth risking it so much. In any case, the second lieutenant chose to die with dignity. He had recently been at an ideological and moral crossroads, and this fight became a kind of solution to all problems.

In our cruel age, it seems that the concepts of honor and dishonor have died. There is no special need to preserve honor for girls - striptease and depravity pay dearly, and money is much more attractive than some ephemeral honor. I remember Knurov from “Dowry” by A.N. Ostrovsky:

There are boundaries beyond which condemnation does not cross: I can offer you such enormous content that the most evil critics of other people's morality will have to shut up and open their mouths in surprise.

Sometimes it seems that men have long ceased to dream of serving for the good of the Fatherland, protecting their honor and dignity, and defending the Motherland. Probably, literature remains the only evidence of the existence of these concepts.

A.S. Pushkin’s most cherished work begins with the epigraph: “Take care of your honor from a young age,” which is part of a Russian proverb. The entire novel “The Captain's Daughter” gives us the best idea of ​​honor and dishonor. The main character, Petrusha Grinev, is a young man, practically a youth (at the time of his departure for service he was “eighteen” years old, according to his mother), but he is filled with such determination that he is ready to die on the gallows, but not to tarnish his honor. And this is not only because his father bequeathed to him to serve this way. Life without honor for a nobleman is the same as death. But his opponent and envious Shvabrin acts completely differently. His decision to go over to Pugachev’s side is determined by fear for his life. He, unlike Grinev, does not want to die. The outcome of the life of each of the heroes is logical. Grinev lives a dignified, albeit poor, life as a landowner and dies surrounded by his children and grandchildren. And the fate of Alexei Shvabrin is clear, although Pushkin does not say anything about it, but most likely death or hard labor will end this unworthy life of a traitor, a man who did not preserve his honor.

War is a catalyst for the most important human qualities; it shows either courage and courage, or meanness and cowardice. We can find proof of this in V. Bykov’s story “Sotnikov”. Two heroes are the moral poles of the story. The fisherman is energetic, strong, physically strong, but is he courageous? Having been captured, he betrays his partisan detachment under pain of death, betraying its location, weapons, strength - in short, everything, in order to eliminate this center of resistance to the fascists. But the frail, sickly, puny Sotnikov turns out to be courageous, endures torture, and resolutely ascends to the scaffold, not for a second doubting the correctness of his action. He knows that death is not as terrible as remorse from betrayal. At the end of the story, Rybak, who escaped death, tries to hang himself in the toilet, but cannot, because he does not find a suitable weapon (his belt was taken away during his arrest). His death is a matter of time, he is not a completely fallen sinner, and living with such a burden is unbearable.

Years pass, in the historical memory of mankind there are still examples of actions based on honor and conscience. Will they become an example for my contemporaries? I think yes. The heroes who died in Syria, saving people in fires and disasters, prove that there is honor, dignity, and there are bearers of these noble qualities.

Total: 441 words

The concepts of honor and dignity express the spiritual connection of a person with society. “Honor is my life,” wrote Shakespeare, “they have grown into one, and to lose honor is for me the same as losing life.”

Own position: What does the concept of “honor” mean today? Everyone will interpret this concept in their own way. For some, it is a set of highest moral principles, respect, honor, and recognition of others’ victories. For others it is “land, cattle, sheep, bread, commerce, profit - this is life!” For me, honor and dignity are not an empty phrase. It's too early to say that I live by honor. But I hope that these concepts will always serve as a life guide for me.

Nowadays, it seems that the concepts of “honor and dignity” are outdated, having lost their original, true meanings. But earlier, in the times of valiant knights and beautiful ladies, they preferred to give up their lives rather than lose honor. And it was customary to defend one’s dignity, the dignity of one’s loved ones and simply dear people in fights. Let us at least remember how, defending the honor of his family, A.S. died in a duel. Pushkin. “I need my name and honor to be inviolable in all corners of Russia,” he said. The favorite heroes of Russian literature were people of honor. Let us remember what advice the hero of the story “The Captain's Daughter” receives from his father: “Take care of your honor from a young age.” The father did not want his son to become a secular reveler and therefore sent him to serve in a distant garrison. Meeting with people devoted to duty, Motherland, love, for whom the honor of the uniform was above all, played a decisive positive role in Grinev’s life. He passed with honor all the trials that befell him, and never once lost his dignity, did not compromise his conscience, although there were plenty of opportunities, there was peace in his soul.

“Honor is like a precious stone: the slightest spot deprives it of its shine and takes away all its value,” Edmond Pierre Beauchaine once said. Yes, this is indeed true. And everyone, sooner or later, will have to decide how to live - with honor or without it.

Total: 302 words

Each newborn is given a name. Along with a name, a person receives the history of his family, the memory of generations and an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bhonor. Sometimes a name obliges you to be worthy of your origin. Sometimes, through your actions, you have to wash away and correct the negative memory of your family. How not to lose your dignity? How to protect yourself in the face of emerging danger? It is very difficult to be prepared for such a test. You can find many similar examples in Russian literature.

Viktor Petrovich Astafiev’s story “Lyudochka” tells the story of the fate of a young girl, yesterday’s schoolgirl, who came to the city in search of a better life. Having grown up in the family of a hereditary alcoholic, like frozen grass, she tries all her life to preserve her honor, some kind of feminine dignity, tries to work honestly, build relationships with the people around her, without insulting anyone, pleasing everyone, but keeping her at a distance. And people respect her. Her landlady Gavrilovna respects her for her reliability and hard work, poor Artyomka respects her for her rigor and morality, she respects her in her own way, but for some reason her stepfather is silent about it. Everyone sees her as a person. However, on her way she meets a disgusting type, a criminal and a scumbag - Strekach. The person is not important to him, his lust is above all. The betrayal of Artyomka’s “friend-boyfriend” turns into a terrible ending for Lyudochka. And the girl is left alone with her grief. For Gavrilovna there is no particular problem with this:

Well, they tore off the plonba, just think, what a disaster. Nowadays this is not a flaw, but now they marry just anyone, ugh now about these things...

The mother generally moves away and pretends that nothing happened: the adult, they say, let her get out of it herself. Artemka and “friends” invite you to spend time together. But Lyudochka does not want to live like this, with her honor soiled and trampled. Seeing no way out of this situation, she decides not to live at all. In her last note she asks for forgiveness:

Gavrilovna! Mother! Stepfather! I didn’t ask what your name is. Good people, forgive me!

In the epic novel “Quiet Don” by Sholokhov, each heroine has her own idea of ​​honor. Daria Melekhova lives only in the flesh, the author says little about her soul, and the characters in the novel generally do not perceive Daria without this base principle. Her adventures both during her husband’s life and after his death show that honor does not exist for her at all; she is ready to seduce her own father-in-law just to satisfy her desire. I feel sorry for her, because a person who lived his life so mediocrely and vulgarly, who did not leave any good memory of himself, is insignificant. Daria remained the embodiment of the base, lustful, dishonest female insides.

Honor is important for every person in our world. But especially the honor of women, maidenhood remains a calling card and always attracts special attention. And let them say that in our time morality is an empty phrase, that “they will marry just anyone” (in Gavrilovna’s words), what is important is who you are for yourself, and not for those around you. Therefore, the opinions of immature and narrow-minded people are not taken into account. For everyone, honor has and will come first.

Total: 463 words

In his article, D. Granin talks about the existence in the modern world of several points of view about what honor is, and whether this concept is outdated or not. But, despite this, the author believes that the sense of honor cannot become obsolete, since it is given to a person from birth.

To support his position, Granin cites an incident related to Maxim Gorky. When the tsarist government annulled the writer's election to honorary academicians, Chekhov and Korolenko refused the titles of academicians. By this act, the writers expressed their rejection of the government's decision. Chekhov defended Gorky's honor; at that moment he did not think about himself. It was the title of “man with a capital M” that allowed the writer to protect the good name of his comrade.

This means that the concept of honor will not become obsolete. We can defend our honor and, of course, our loved ones and relatives.

So A.S. Pushkin went to a duel with Dantes to defend the honor of his wife Natalya.

In Kuprin's work "The Duel", the main character, like Pushkin, defends the honor of his beloved in a duel with her husband. Death awaited this hero, but it was not meaningless.

I believe the topic of this article is very relevant, since in the modern world many people have lost the line between honor and dishonor.

But as long as a person lives, honor lives.

Total: 206 words

What is honor and why has it been so valued at all times? Folk wisdom speaks about it - “Take care of your honor from a young age”, poets sing about it and philosophers reflect on it. They died in duels for her, and, having lost her, they considered their life over. In any case, the concept of honor implies a desire for a moral ideal. This ideal can be created by a person for himself, or he can accept it from society.

In the first case, in my opinion, this is a kind of internal honor, which includes such individual qualities of a person as courage, nobility, justice, and honesty. These are the beliefs and principles that form the basis of a person's self-esteem. This is what he cultivates and values ​​in himself. A person's honor outlines the limits of what a person can allow himself and what kind of attitude he can tolerate from others. A person becomes his own judge. This is what constitutes human dignity, so it is important for a person not to betray any of his principles.

I would correlate another understanding of honor with the more modern concept of reputation - this is how a person shows himself to other people in communication and business. In this case, it is important not to “lose your dignity” in the eyes of other people, because few people will want to communicate with a rude person, do business with an unreliable person, or help a heartless miser in need. However, a person may also have bad character traits and simply try to hide them from others.

In any case, the loss of honor leads to negative consequences - either a person becomes disappointed in himself or becomes an outcast in society. Honor, which I defined as reputation, has always been considered the calling card of a person - both men and women. And sometimes it hurt people. For example, when they were considered unworthy, although it was not they who were to blame, but gossip and intrigue. Or rigid social boundaries. I have always found it surprising that the Victorian era condemned a young woman who was in mourning for her husband and wanted to start a new life.

The main thing I realized is that the word “honor” is related to the word “honesty.” You need to be honest with yourself and people, to be, and not seem to be, a worthy person, and then you will not face either condemnation or self-criticism.

Honor, duty, conscience - these concepts are now rarely seen among people.

What it is?

Honor is an association I have with the army, with the officers who defend our Motherland, and also with the people who withstand the “blows of fate” with honor.

Duty is again our valiant defenders of the fatherland, who have a duty to protect us and our Motherland, and any person can also have a duty, for example, to help older people or younger ones if they are in trouble.

Conscience is something that lives inside every person.

There are people without conscience, this is when you can pass by grief and not help, and nothing will torment you inside, but you can help and then sleep peacefully.

Often these concepts are related to each other. As a rule, these qualities are given to us during our upbringing.

Example from literature: War and Peace, L. Tolstoy. Unfortunately, these concepts are now outdated, the world has changed. It is rare to meet a person who has all these qualities.

470 words

After reading the story by A.S. Pushkin’s “The Captain’s Daughter”, you understand that one of the themes of this work is the theme of honor and dishonor. The story contrasts two heroes: Grinev and Shvabrin - and their ideas about honor. These heroes are young, both of them are nobles. YES, they end up in this outback (Belogorsk Fortress) not of their own free will. Grinev - at the insistence of his father, who decided that his son needed to “pull the strap and smell the gunpowder...” And Shvabrin ended up in the Belogorsk fortress, perhaps because of the high-profile story associated with the duel. We know that for a nobleman a duel is a way to defend honor. And Shvabrin, at the beginning of the story, seems to be a man of honor. Although from the point of view of an ordinary person, Vasilisa Yegorovna, a duel is “murder.” This assessment allows the reader who sympathizes with this heroine to doubt Shvabrin’s nobility.

You can judge a person by his actions in difficult times. For the heroes, the challenge was the capture of the Belogorsk fortress by Pugachev. Shvabrin saves his life. We see him “with his hair cut in a circle, in a Cossack caftan, among the rebels.” And during the execution, he whispers something in Pugachev’s ear. Grinev is ready to share the fate of Captain Mironov. He refuses to kiss the impostor’s hand because he is ready to “prefer a cruel execution to such humiliation...”.

They also treat Masha differently. Grinev admires and respects Masha, even writes poetry in her honor. Shvabrin, on the contrary, confuses the name of his beloved girl with dirt, saying “if you want Masha Mironova to come to you at dusk, then instead of tender poems, give her a pair of earrings.” Shvabrin slanderes not only this girl, but also her relatives. For example, when he says “as if Ivan Ignatich was in an inappropriate relationship with Vasilisa Egorovna..” It becomes clear that Shvabrin actually does not love Masha. When Grinev rushed to free Marya Ivanovna, he saw her “pale, thin, with disheveled hair, in a peasant dress.” The girl’s appearance eloquently speaks of what she had to endure due to the fault of Shvabrin, who tortured her, kept her in captivity and constantly threatened to extradite her her rebels.

If we compare the main characters, Grinev will certainly command more respect, because despite his youth he managed to behave with dignity, remained true to himself, did not disgrace his father’s honorable name, and defended his beloved.

Perhaps all this allows us to call him a man of honor. Self-esteem helps our hero at the trial at the end of the story to calmly look into the eyes of Shvabrin, who, having lost everything, continues to fuss, trying to slander his enemy. Long ago, while still in the fortress, he crossed the boundaries determined by honor, wrote a letter - a denunciation - to Grinev's father, trying to destroy the newly born love. Having acted dishonestly once, he cannot stop and becomes a traitor. And therefore Pushkin is right when he says “take care of honor from a young age” and makes them an epigraph to the entire work.

Nowadays, it has become a shame to show mercy, compassion, empathy. Nowadays it’s “cool”, to the approving hooting of the crowd, to hit a weak person, kick a dog, insult an elderly person, be rude to a passerby, and so on. Any nasty thing created by one scumbag is perceived as almost a feat by the fragile minds of teenagers.

We have stopped feeling, having isolated ourselves from the realities of life with our own indifference. We pretend that we don’t see or hear. Today we pass by a bully, swallow insults, and tomorrow we ourselves quietly turn into unscrupulous and dishonest people.

Let's remember past centuries. Duels with swords and pistols for insulting one's honorable name. Conscience and duty that guided the thoughts of the defenders of the Fatherland. Mass heroism of the people in the Great Patriotic War for the enemy’s trampling of the honor of their beloved Motherland. No one shifted the unbearable burden of responsibility and duty onto the shoulders of another to make himself more comfortable.

If today you betrayed a friend, cheated on a loved one, cheated on a colleague, insulted a subordinate, or betrayed someone’s trust, then don’t be surprised if tomorrow the same thing happens to you. Finding yourself abandoned and unwanted, you will have a great chance to reconsider your attitude towards life, towards people, towards your actions.

A deal with conscience that covers up shady dealings up to a certain point can end very badly in the future. There will always be someone more cunning, arrogant, dishonest and unscrupulous, who, under the guise of false flattery, will push you into the abyss of ruin in order to take the place that you also took from another.

An honest person always feels free and confident. Acting according to his conscience, he does not burden his soul with vices. He is not characterized by greed, envy and irrepressible ambitions. He simply lives and enjoys every day given to him from above.

After reading the story by A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter", you understand that one of the themes of this work is the theme of honor and dishonor. The story contrasts two heroes: Grinev and Shvabrin - and their ideas about honor. Two officers of the Russian army behave completely differently: the first follows the laws of officer honor and remains faithful to the military oath, the second easily becomes a traitor. Grinev and Shvabrin are bearers of two fundamentally different worldviews.

Love to motherland.

We feel ardent love for the Motherland and pride in its beauty in the works of the classics.

The theme of heroic feat in the fight against the enemies of the Motherland is also heard in M. Yu. Lermontov’s poem “Borodino”, dedicated to one of the glorious pages of the historical past of our country.

The theme of the Motherland is raised in the works of S. Yesenin. Whatever Yesenin wrote about: about experiences, about historical turning points, about the fate of Russia in the “harsh, formidable years” - every Yesenin image and line is warmed by a feeling of boundless love for the homeland: But most of all. Love for the native land

Moral qualities of a person.

Russian literature has always been closely connected with the moral quest of our people. One of the writers who sincerely cares about the morality of our society is Valentin Rasputin. The story “Fire” occupies a special place in his work. These are reflections on civil courage and the moral positions of man. When a fire broke out in Sosnovka, there were few who risked their lives to defend the people's good. Many came to “warm their hands.” A fire is the result of general ill-being. People are corrupted by the discomfort of everyday life, the poverty of spiritual life, and a soulless attitude towards nature.

Many problems of our time, including moral ones, are raised by Anatoly Pristavkin in the story “The Golden Cloud Spent the Night.” He sharply raises the issue of national relations, talks about the connection between generations, raises the topic of good and evil, talks about many other issues, the solution of which depends not only on politics and economics, but also on the level of general culture.

Gratitude to parents.

One of the most important facets of the “fathers and sons” problem is gratitude. Are children grateful to their parents who love them, raised them and raised them? The topic of gratitude is raised in A. S. Pushkin’s story “The Station Warden.” The tragedy of a father who dearly loved his only daughter appears before us in this story. Of course, Dunya has not forgotten her father, she loves him and feels guilty before him, but still, the fact that she left, leaving her father alone, turned out to be a big blow for him, so strong that he could not withstand it.

Works that teach courage

The topic of the Great Patriotic War occupies an important place in literature. The writer often turns to this period of history. The story “Sotnikov”, written by Vasil Bykov, is one of the best works about the war. After going through difficult trials, the main characters fall into the clutches of the Germans. Sotnikov is a modest, inconspicuous person, a simple teacher. But, being sick and weak, he went on an important task. Exhausted by torture, he remains unbroken. The source of Sotnikov’s courage and heroism was the conviction in the justice of the struggle waged by the people.

This work teaches us courage and courage, helps our moral development.

53 . Compassion and mercy. Sensitivity.

1) M. Sholokhov has a wonderful story “The Fate of a Man.” It tells the story of the tragic fate of a soldier who lost all his relatives during the war. One day he met an orphan boy and decided to call himself his father. This act suggests that love and the desire to do good give a person strength to live, strength to resist fate.

MAN AND POWER.

Pushkin in the tragedy “Boris Godunov” very accurately defined and showed the people’s character. Eternally dissatisfied with the existing government, people are ready to rise up to destroy it and rebel, instilling terror in the rulers - and that’s all. And as a result, they themselves remain offended, since the fruits of their victory are enjoyed by the boyars and high-born nobles standing at the throne of the sovereign.

The people have only one thing left to do - “keep silent.”