The poem is entirely for the nanny, Pushkin. “Nanny” A. Pushkin Friend of my harsh days, dove, decrepit, full

"Nanny" Alexander Pushkin

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.
You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.
You look through the forgotten gates
On a black distant path;
Longing, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.
It seems to you. . . .

Analysis of Pushkin's poem "Nanny"

In the old days, raising children in noble Russian families was carried out not by tutors, but by nannies, who were usually selected from serfs. It was on their shoulders that the daily worries of the lordly children fell, whom their parents saw no more than a few minutes a day. This is exactly how the childhood of the poet Alexander Pushkin proceeded, who almost immediately after his birth was transferred to the care of the serf peasant Arina Rodionovna Yakovleva. This amazing woman subsequently played a very important role in the life and work of the poet. Thanks to her, the future classic of Russian literature was able to get acquainted with folk tales and legends, which were subsequently reflected in his works. Moreover, as he grew older, Pushkin trusted his nanny with all his secrets, considering her his spiritual confidante, who could console, encourage, and give wise advice.

Arina Yakovleva was assigned not to a specific estate, but to the Pushkin family. Therefore, when the poet’s parents sold one of their estates, in which a peasant woman lived, they took her with them to Mikhailovskoye. It was here that she lived almost her entire life, occasionally traveling with her children to St. Petersburg, where they spent time from autumn to spring. When Alexander Pushkin graduated from the Lyceum and entered the service, his meetings with Arina Rodionovna became rare, since the poet practically never visited Mikhailovskoye. But in 1824 he was exiled to the family estate, where he spent almost two years. And Arina Rodionovna during this difficult period of the poet’s life was his most faithful and devoted friend.

In 1826, Pushkin wrote the poem “Nanny,” in which he expressed his gratitude to this wise and patient woman for everything that they had experienced together. Therefore, it is not surprising that from the first lines of the work the poet addresses this woman quite familiarly, but at the same time, very respectfully, calling her “a friend of my harsh days” and “decrepit dove.” Behind these slightly ironic phrases lies the enormous tenderness that Pushkin feels for his nanny.. He knows that this woman is spiritually much closer to him than his own mother, and understands that Arina Rodionovna is worried about her pupil, in whom she dotes.

“Alone in the wilderness of the pine forests, you have been waiting for me for a long, long time,” the poet notes sadly, realizing that this woman is still worried about how his fate will turn out. Using simple and succinct phrases, the poet paints the image of an elderly woman, whose main concern in life is still the well-being of the “young master,” whom she still considers a child. Therefore, Pushkin notes: “Melancholy, premonitions, worries press on your chest all the time.” The poet understands that his “old lady” spends every day at the window, waiting for a mail carriage to appear on the road in which he will arrive at the family estate. “And the knitting needles hesitate every minute in your wrinkled hands,” the poet notes.

But at the same time, Pushkin understands that now he has a completely different life, and he is not able to visit Mikhailovsky as often as his old nanny would like. Therefore, trying to protect her from constant worries and worries, the poet notes: “It seems to you…”. His last meeting with Arina Rodionovna took place in the fall of 1827, when Pushkin was passing through Mikhailovskoye and did not even have time to really talk with his nurse. In the summer of the following year, she died in the house of the poet’s sister Olga Pavlishcheva, and her death greatly shocked the poet, who later admitted that he had lost his most faithful and devoted friend. Arina Yakovleva is buried in St. Petersburg at the Smolensk cemetery, but her grave is considered lost.

The warm name of Arina Rodionovna is familiar to everyone from a young age. Knowing what role she played in the life of the great Russian poet, it is impossible to read the poem “Nanny” by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin without emotion. Each of his lines is imbued with warmth, gratitude and gentle sadness.

The poem was written by the poet in 1826, in St. Petersburg. By this time, Pushkin had returned from Mikhailovsky, where he was sent in 1824 after another clash with his superiors. In September, the poet “reconciled” with Nicholas I, who promised him his patronage even though Pushkin did not hide from him his sympathy for the Decembrists.

The text of Pushkin’s poem “Nanny” is divided into 4 parts. First, the poet turns in a friendly manner to his nurse, who was with him not only throughout his childhood, but also during his two-year exile in Mikhailovskoye. My address “decrepit dove” could be called familiar, but Pushkin, firstly, loves very much, and secondly, respects his nanny immensely. She is not only a nurse for him, she is a friend of harsh days, much closer spiritually than his mother.

In the third part of the poem, which is currently being taught in a literature lesson in the 5th grade, Alexander Sergeevich mentally returns to his father’s house. The image of a wise and kind nanny endlessly touches him. In his mind's eye, Pushkin sees Arina Rodionovna grieving in front of the window of her little room and waiting and waiting for the master, for whom she is very worried, intensely peering into the distance. With the last lines, the poet emphasizes that he cannot often visit Mikhailovsky and visit his nurse. He has grown up, he has a different life, different concerns and aspirations.

This lyric work is quite easy to learn. His text is soft, smooth, and quickly memorable.

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.

You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.

You look through the forgotten gates
On a black distant path;
Longing, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.

Yakovleva Arina Rodionovna was born on April 10 (21), 1758 in the village of Lampovo, St. Petersburg province. Her parents were serfs and had six more children. Her real name was Irina, but her family used to call her Arina. She received her surname from her father Yakovlev, later it became Matveev after her husband. Pushkin never called her by name; “nanny” was closer to him. From the memoirs of Maria Osipova, “an extremely respectable old lady - plump-faced, all gray-haired, passionately loving her pet...”

In 1759, Lampovo and the surrounding villages were bought by A.P. Hannibal, Pushkin's great-grandfather. In 1792, Pushkin’s grandmother Maria Alekseevna took Arina Rodionovna as a nanny for her nephew Alexei. For good service in 1795, Maria Alekseevna gave her nanny a house in the village. And in December 1797, a girl was born into the Hannibal family, who was named Olga (the poet’s older sister). And Arina Rodionovna is taken into the Pushkin family as a wet nurse.
Soon after this, Pushkin's father, Sergei Lvovich, moved to Moscow. Arina was taken with them as a wet nurse and nanny.
On May 26, 1799, a boy named Alexander appears in the family. Maria Alekseevna also decides to move to Moscow. She sells her estate, but Arina’s house was not sold, but remained for her and her children.
Pushkin’s sister Olga Sergeevna Pavlishcheva claimed that Maria Hannibal wanted to give Arina and her husband, along with their four children, freedom, but she refused her. All her life, Arina considered herself a “faithful slave,” as Pushkin himself called her in Dubrovsky. All her life she was a serf: first Apraksin, then Hannibal, then the Pushkins. At the same time, Arina was in a special position; she was trusted, as defined by V.V. Nabokov, she was a "housekeeper".
In addition to Olga, Arina Rodionovna was the nanny of Alexander and Lev, but only Olga was the nurse. Arina Rodionovna's four children remained to live in her husband's village - Kobrin, and she herself lived first in Moscow, and then in Zakharovo. A few years later she moved to the village of Mikhailovskoye.
Rich families hired not only wet nurses and nannies for the master's children. For boys there was also an "uncle". For Pushkin, for example, Nikita Kozlov was such an “uncle”, who was next to the poet until his death. But, nevertheless, the nanny was closer to Pushkin. Here is what Veresaev wrote about this: “How strange! The man, apparently, was ardently devoted to Pushkin, loved him, cared for him, perhaps no less than the nanny Arina Rodionovna, accompanied him throughout his entire independent life, but is not mentioned anywhere : neither in Pushkin’s letters, nor in the letters of his loved ones. Not a word about him - neither good nor bad." But it was Kozlov who brought the wounded poet into the house in his arms; he, together with Alexander Turgenev, lowered the coffin with Pushkin’s body into the grave.
In 1824-26, Arina Rodionovna lived with Pushkin in Mikhailovskoye. This was the time when young Alexander greedily absorbed his nanny’s fairy tales, songs, and folk epics. Pushkin writes to his brother: “Do you know my activities? Before lunch I write notes, I have lunch late; after lunch I ride horseback, in the evening I listen to fairy tales - and thereby compensate for the shortcomings of my damned upbringing. What a delight these fairy tales are! Each one is a poem!” It is interesting that Pushkin himself said that Arina Rodionovna served as the prototype for Tatyana’s nanny in Eugene Onegin, as well as Dubrovsky’s nanny. It is believed that Arina was the basis for the image of Ksenia’s mother in “Boris Godunov”.

Our dilapidated shack
Both sad and dark.
What are you doing, my old lady?
Silent at the window?
Or howling storms
You, my friend, are tired,
Or dozing under the buzzing
Your spindle?
Let's have a drink, good friend,
My poor youth
Let's drink from grief; where is the mug?
The heart will be more cheerful.
Sing me a song like a tit
She lived quietly across the sea;
Sing me a song like a maiden
I went to get water in the morning.
The storm covers the sky with darkness,
Whirling snow whirlwinds;
The way she howls like a beast,
She will cry like a child.
Let's have a drink, good friend
My poor youth
Let's drink from grief; where is the mug?
The heart will be more cheerful.

Pushkin A.S. 1825.

The last time Pushkin saw Arina Rodionovna was in Mikhailovskoye on September 14, 1827. The nanny died when she was seventy years old, on July 29, 1828 in St. Petersburg. For a long time, nothing was known about the day or place of the nanny’s burial. Neither Alexander nor Olga were present at her funeral. Olga’s husband Nikolai Pavlishchev buried her, leaving the grave unmarked. And she soon got lost. Back in 1830, they tried to find the grave of Pushkin’s nanny, but they did not find it. It was believed that she was buried in the Svyatogorsk Monastery, near the poet’s grave; there were those who were sure that Arina Rodionovna was buried in her homeland in Suida; as well as at the Bolsheokhtinsky cemetery in St. Petersburg, where at one time there was even a slab with the inscription “Pushkin’s Nanny”. Only in 1940 did they find in the archives that the nanny’s funeral was held in the Vladimir Church. There they found a record dated July 31, 1828, “5th class official Sergei Pushkin serf woman Irina Rodionova 76 old age priest Alexei Narbekov.” It also turned out that she was buried in the Smolensk cemetery. At the entrance to it you can still find a memorial plaque. It was installed in 1977: “Arina Rodionovna, the nanny of A.S. Pushkin 1758-1828, is buried in this cemetery
"Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove"

Confidant of magical antiquity,
Friend of playful and sad fictions,
I knew you in the days of my spring,
In the days of initial joys and dreams;
I've been waiting for you. In the evening silence
You were a cheerful old lady
And she sat above me in the shushun
With big glasses and a frisky rattle.
You, rocking the baby's cradle,
My young ears were captivated by the melodies
And between the shrouds she left a pipe,
Which she herself fascinated.

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.
You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.
You look through the forgotten gates
On the black distant path:
Longing, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.
It seems to you...

Let's listen to this poem.

Analysis of A.S. Pushkin’s poem “Nanny”

Poem by A.S. Pushkin’s “Nanny” is one of the simplest and most sincere declarations of the poet’s love for his nanny. It is filled with tenderness and care. Arina Rodionovna, to whom it is dedicated, replaced the poet’s mother. Since childhood, a simple peasant woman surrounded the future poet with warmth, care, kind fairy tales and words of love. According to the memoirs of Alexander Sergeevich, she was a good storyteller and loved to sing folk songs. Pushkin's famous fairy tales are filled with images from childhood memories and told legends.

Pushkin retained respect and love for Arina Rodionovna in his heart. Suffice it to say that in correspondence with acquaintances there was always a place for a story about the nanny; the poet’s colleagues and friends constantly conveyed their greetings to her. The quintessence of Alexander Sergeevich’s feelings was the poem “Nanny”.

The genre of the poem is defined as a message, because it is filled with appeals to one addressee. In its form and order of presentation of thoughts, the verse resembles writing, a very popular artistic genre at that time.

Composition and size

The size of the poem fully embodies the image of the melodious Arina Rodionovna, because it is rhythmic and musical. This impression can be achieved with the help of Pushkin’s favorite iambic tetrameter with cross rhyme. There is no division into stanzas, which makes it look like colloquial speech, a monologue.

The composition has four parts. First, the lyrical hero affectionately addresses the nanny. Then follows a description of a cozy hut in the middle of the forest where Arina Rodionovna lives.

The third part of the verse is devoted to the description of an old woman who is constantly waiting for her beloved pupil and worries about him. Accustomed to manual labor, she does not sit idle, however, her thoughts are occupied with emotional experiences and full of sadness.

The end of the poem depicts the melancholy expectation of Arina Rodionovna. It is no coincidence that at the end the story ends with an ellipsis, allowing the reader to continue the thought himself.

The syntax of the poem is also subject to the author's intentions and moods. The first sentence is exclamatory, filled with joyful emotions. The second draws a portrait of the nanny. And the last two - with a complex syntactic structure - convey the author’s feeling of guilt and torment. Pushkin wants, on the one hand, to take care of his loving nanny and not bother her again with his absence, on the other hand, his arrival in Mikhailovskoye is impossible.

Thanks to this composition and syntax, the lyrical hero is not clearly depicted. But his presence is felt in every line, in every heartfelt appeal and caring description.

Image of nanny Arina Rodionovna

The central image of the poem is Arina Rodionovna. The invisible presence of the lyrical hero remains in the shadows.

The modest, affectionate woman is called by the poet “dove.” In folk lyrics, this is an image that personifies quiet modesty, wisdom, affection and fidelity. With tenderness, the author uses unforgettable periphrases: “my decrepit dove,” “friend of my harsh days.” They show sincere love and slight irony, born of shared memories of past years.

Epithets show the loneliness of the old woman: “forgotten gate”, “black distant path”.

The metaphor about the knitting needles shows how intense the attention of Arina Rodionovna is, who is always waiting for her pupil and constantly listening to see if the bell will notify the arrival of the long-awaited guest.

The contrast between the bright room and the black path provides a contrast between the quiet wilderness and the stormy social life, conveying anxiety for the pupil.

The language of the poem deserves special attention. It is simple, clear and understandable even to the most ordinary person. This is due to the fact that Arina Rodionovna is a serf peasant woman without education, but her simple language is so beautiful and figurative that it became the main object of depiction in the works of A.S. Pushkin.

Yakovleva Arina Rodionovna

Years of life

(1758-1828)

Nanny A.S. Pushkina, Arina (Irina or Irinya) Rodionovna Rodionova (Yakovleva-Matveeva) was born in the village of Suide (now the village of Voskresenskoye) in the St. Petersburg province. Her mother Lukeria Kirillovna and father Rodion Yakovlev had 7 children. Having lost her father, at the age of ten, the girl early learned need and work. Their family was bought by the poet's great-grandfather Abram Petrovich Hannibal.
In 1781, at twenty-two years old, Arina married Fyodor Matveev, a serf peasant from the village of Kobrin, located 60 versts from St. Petersburg. The village belonged to Pushkin's grandfather Hannibal. In 1797, she was taken into the Pushkin house as a nanny-nurse for Pushkin’s sister Olga Sergeevna, and when Alexander Sergeevich was born, she became his nanny.
Arina Rodionovna had 4 children: Maria, Nadezhda, Egor and Stefan. At 43, she was widowed and never remarried. The first summer in the poet’s life he was under the supervision of a nanny. She looked after young Sasha until he was 7 years old, and then he went into the care of tutors and teachers.
Arina Rodionovna played a big role in the poet’s life. He saw her while visiting the village of Mikhailovskoye in 1817 and 1819.

Arina Rodionovna is an example for others, she is “a wonderful example of spiritual beauty, wisdom and spiritual qualities of our people.” Finally, now she herself has become a genius: Arina Rodionovna: “the good genius of the poet.” Under the influence of his nanny, Pushkin fell in love with the Russian language and the Russian people already in childhood.
The nanny's literary talent was very great. She is “a talented storyteller who has absorbed all the wisdom of folk poetry.” It is known that the poet wrote down seven nanny's fairy tales in drafts, which he then conveyed almost word for word in his poems. Arina Rodionovna, as they say in the poet’s biographies, replaced his family, and at times friends and society. In winter, Pushkin scholars report, the nanny even replaced the stove for him: “In the Mikhailovsky House on a frosty winter evening, only the nanny’s love warms him.”
Pushkin loved her with a kindred, unchanging love, and in the years of maturity and glory he talked with her for hours. In letters to friends from Mikhailovsk exile, he wrote that “nanny is my only friend - and only with her I am not bored.” The poet felt easy and comfortable with her; she brightened up his loneliness.
Arina Rodionovna died on July 31, 1828 in St. Petersburg in the house of Pushkin’s sister Olga Sergeevna Pavlishcheva after a short illness at the age of 70. Pushkin perceived the death of his nanny with great sadness. The poet kept the living image of Arina Rodionovna in his soul all his life, with a feeling of deep sadness the poet recalled his nanny when he arrived in Mikhailovskoye in 1835. He wrote to his wife: “In Mikhailovsky I found everything as before, except that my nanny is no longer there...”

Arina Rodionovna's grave is lost. Perhaps she was buried in one of the cemeteries (in particular in Bolsheokhtinsky, because there is a memorial plaque there with the inscription: “In this cemetery, according to legend, the nanny of the poet A.S. Pushkin, Arina Rodionovna, who died in 1828, was buried). St. Petersburg, or maybe in the village of Mikhailovskoye, where there is a monument with the inscription “Nanny”. It stands on the right side of the poet’s grave.” In the village of Mikhailovskoye, the nanny’s house has also been preserved. This is a house made of thick pine logs, with small windows.
In the village of Kobrino, located near the village of Suydy, the birthplace of Arina Rodionovna (the Hannibal estate in Suyda has not survived), a State Museum has been opened, which is called “Nanny A.S. Pushkin Arina Rodionovna.” This is a dilapidated 18th century house, miraculously preserved to this day, but the museum exhibits are unique.

A.S. Pushkin. Nanny
Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.
You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.
You look through the forgotten gates
On a black distant path;
Longing, premonitions, worries
Your chest is constantly being squeezed...
It seems to you...
(The poem remained unfinished).......