It's no secret that the ability to speak beautifully, it is necessary for every person to defend their point of view correctly and logically, and doubly so for those who speak publicly. Ability to persuade people - a gift from nature or an acquired skill and how to achieve success in persuading your interlocutor? This is perhaps one of the most pressing questions today, which sooner or later faces everyone who has entered the information business, who has entered a profession that involves the need to speak in front of an audience. A confident speaking interlocutor always makes you feel comfortable communicating with him; you want to be as open as possible in such a conversation.
Develop beautiful speech skills always necessary. You can do this either independently or by attending trainings and webinars on public speaking.

Today I want to talk about speech technique exercises available to everyone. The most important thing for successfully using them in your practice is desire and regular practical application. The result, believe me, will not keep you waiting.

Exercise 1. Articulation gymnastics.

It would seem that we know this technique from school. But do we use it? Why? Yes, because we find this technique boring and uninteresting. So I suggest doing this set of exercises “jokingly”. Make faces in front of the mirror, make fun of yourself or your loved one during this exercise. And the process won’t seem so boring to you! I will present the simplest complex in this article, I hope that it will be useful to you.

Each exercise must be repeated at least ten times. By the way, this gymnastics promotes relaxation, which is very important before an important public performance: 1. Raise your eyebrows up. 2. Move your eyebrows towards the center. 3.Pull in both cheeks. 4.Puff up your cheeks at the same time, and then one at a time. 5. Press on your cheeks with your tongue. 6.Run your tongue in circles behind closed lips. 7.Click your tongue. 8.Press the upper and lower lips with your tongue in turn. 9.Bite the tip of your tongue. 10.Put your lips into a tube and smile, but without teeth. 11.Pull your lips into a tube and smile broadly. 12.Open your mouth wide and then close it. 13.Open your mouth wide, close it first halfway, and only then completely.

But let me remind you once again that by replacing any exercise with “acting” in front of a mirror, you will give yourself a bunch of emotions and you will do articulatory gymnastics with pleasure.
Exercise 2. Tongue twisters.
Take any a selection of tongue twisters, and start pronouncing them daily, starting at a slow pace and gradually speeding it up, so that you pronounce tongue twisters without “eating” sounds and syllables, gradually the speed of reading them will be fast enough, and the pronunciation will be clear and correct. May this process also bring you pleasure. To do this, you can experiment with a cork from champagne - read tongue twisters with and without a cork clamped in the mouth.
Below is a selection of tongue twisters.

1) The interviewer interviewed the interventionist.

2) Once upon a time there lived three Chinese: Yak, Yak - tsedrak, Yak - tsedrak - tsedrak - tsedroni.
Once upon a time there lived three Chinese women: Tsypa, Tsypa - drypa, Tsypa - drypa ​​- drypa ​​- drypamponi.
They all got married: Yak on Tsypa, Yak - tsedrak on Tsypedrypa,
Yak - tsedrak - tsedrak - tsedroni on Tsypa - dryp - drypamponi.
And they had children: Yak and Tsypa: Shah, Yak - tsedraka with Tsypa - drypa: Shay - sharakh, Yak - tsedrak - tsedrak - tsedroni with Tsypa - drypa ​​- drypamponi: Shah - Sharakh - Sharakh - Shironi.

3) Tell us about your purchases! - What kind of purchases?
About shopping, about shopping, about your purchases.

4) The fast talker quickly spoke quickly,
That you can’t quickly pronounce all the tongue twisters,
But, having become nervous, he quickly said,
that all the tongue twisters will be repeated quickly, but not too quickly.
And the tongue twisters jump like crucian carp in a frying pan.

5) Bankers were rebranded, rebranded, rebranded, but not rebranded.

6) In Cannes, the lions did not wreath wreaths for the lazy.

7) In Kabardino-Balkaria, valocordin from Bulgaria.

De-ideologized, de-ideologized, and pre-ideologized.

9) Sasha walked along the highway and sucked on a dryer.

10) Sasha walked along the highway, Sasha found a sachet on the highway.

11) The river flows, the stove bakes.

12) Tongs and pliers - these are our things.

13) The pike tries in vain to pinch the bream.

14) The train rushes by grinding: w, h, w, shch, w, h, w, shch.

15) You can’t say all the tongue twisters too quickly, you can’t say too quickly

You can also find various collections of tongue twisters in the VKontakte Group and Odnoklassniki.

Exercise 3. Write a short story about the subject or simply describe the subject.
A very interesting exercise. When I made it for the first time, it didn’t seem very simple to me. Many people can describe a simple object with only two or three words, but it is necessary to stretch the description process for 4-5 minutes, without repeating it. Very interesting exercise-develops imagination and logic and associative thinking. At the same time, you learn to avoid junk words, unwanted repetitions, watch your speech. Turn this exercise into a kind of speech energizer and you will certainly get a boost of energy.
Exercise 4. Reading aloud.
Reading aloud is good to practice on works of poetic form. You can use poems from your favorite poets. Try to read the same poem in different ways: with different emotions, for example, or at a different tempo or, emphasizing some part of speech, and you will see how differently the text will play in your performance every time.
Exercise 5. Retelling.
For retelling, it is good to use fables or parables or any genre of prose that you love. Here, practice highlighting key words. You can write them out from the text, they will serve you wonderfully guideline-cheat sheet when retelling. Take any article from a magazine that you like and retell it, for example, adding a particle to each verb that you pronounce during the retelling process. I think you will definitely smile.

Of course, the exercises I have given in this article are not dogma, and I must tell you that in fact there are many different exercises and techniques. But sometimes lies under your feet, which we don’t notice, but the techniques described in this article are very easy to use and you can do it both at home and at work during your lunch break, for example, or while preparing lunch or while walking with your child on the playground. The main thing so that the process of working on your speech gives you pleasure.

Elena Kleimenova was with you. All the best.

Why don’t HR invite applicants for an interview after the first phone conversation? Sometimes people are rejected because they speak slowly, slurred, or uncertainly. Or, for example, public speaking. Even the most interesting lecture is not attractive if it is delivered by a gasping speaker. Listeners are distracted, paying attention to his imperfect “r”, constant woofing, breathing problems - the information fades into the background.

In order for you to sound at full capacity and be at your best in any situation where you need to speak and win over your voice, we turned for recommendations to Svetlana Vasilenko, expert consultant on speech technique and rhetoric, author and presenter of talk projects of radio “Kiev 98” FM".

Svetlana has been working in voice for 20 years and is sure that speaking beautifully and clearly is not a gift, but just a skill, as well as the skill of presenting correct information. This is how she developed her own method of teaching speech techniques, based on personal experience and the techniques that she tested in the process of drawing up her own program.

Why We Sound Wrong: Three Key Reasons

Incorrect position of the vocal apparatus. Almost 90% of people need to work with speech. Adults often do not pay attention to the pronunciation of some of their sounds. Imperfect sounding occurs due to physical nuances - the tongue is not positioned as it should, the lips are not relaxed at the right moment, etc.

Laziness. One of the common reasons for incorrect sounding is simple laziness. We are too lazy to open our mouths, so we don’t use our jaws – they are motionless when we speak, only our lips move. Figuratively speaking, sounds come out with the help of air, and their quality depends on how wide we open our mouth

How sound is born

Sound is produced when air passes between the vocal cords. When we produce voiced sounds and vowels, the glottis formed by the cords closes, and with dull sounds it diverges. Frequent speaking, i.e. Constant tension of the vocal cords leads to the fact that the initially thin cords thicken, become less flexible, and the voice “overgrows” with hoarseness, loses pitch and flight.

Have you noticed how teachers lose their voice after only 45 minutes of lecture and switch to a hoarse whisper? Typically, teachers speak at three times the normal rate, which means they are using connectives to their maximum capacity. A large load on these muscles leads to the appearance of knots or, as singers say, calluses, which can cause the voice to disappear. These nodes can only be removed surgically, but it is not a fact that you will sound as good as before the operation.

Therefore, professional lecturers, trainers, consultants, teachers, in order to preserve the voice and cords longer, learn to speak using a chest resonator, “excluding” the cords from the process as much as possible. Roughly speaking, they speak “with their chest”, not with their throat.

Ten exercises to improve your speaking technique

1. Love yourself

Often those who have problems with articulation are confident that they love themselves. But in fact, for a person who loves himself, the sound is born deep inside, and the person wants to be heard. So he speaks louder and clearer. To create a feeling of self-love, praise yourself in the morning in front of the mirror for 5 minutes, constantly thank yourself for being such a great person, take time for yourself during the day.

2. Open your mouth

When pronouncing words, physically open your mouth wider, work your jaw. If a person is worried, nervous, afraid of being uncomfortable, then he does not open his mouth while speaking, moving only his lips. Therefore, his speech is quiet, barely intelligible, as if under his breath. It is unlikely that an employer, colleague, listener, etc. will appreciate this.

3. Yawn and stretch

In the morning, instead of jumping up and shouting “I’m late! / I overslept!” stretch and have a good yawn. Most of the problems in speech technique are also due to the fact that all the muscles are tight: they become numb in the morning after sleep, and then in the office we sit, slouched and without warming up.

By stretching, you release all the muscles in your neck, which allow you to better hear sounds. By yawning, we “wake up” the jaw joints, relax the lips and the windpipe with its small movable tongue. It is he who influences the way we speak - by “releasing” sounds through the mouth or through the nose. Many speak nasally precisely because they direct air and sound through the nose, without training this part of the articulatory apparatus through yawning and relaxation.

4. Keep your back straight

The diaphragm, a muscular partition that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity, plays a huge role in the appearance of sound (conventionally, its border can be drawn along the lower edge of the ribs). By slouching and straining, we squeeze the diaphragm, preventing its natural movement.

A good speaker has a “pumped up” diaphragm, i.e. very mobile, so she can quickly change her position. With a straight back, our abdominal muscles are not tightened, which means we can take in as much air for speaking as necessary.

Check whether you are sitting correctly - bring your shoulder blades together, lower them to the level when your back becomes straight. At first there will be slight discomfort from being unaccustomed to it, the main thing is that you can calmly stand or sit in this position. By the way, standing up straight makes you look more confident.

5. Place your chin perpendicular to your neck

One girl defined her voice in everyday life as “the creaking of an ungreased door,” but at meetings with friends after a glass of wine, everyone admired her amazing chest voice. And to the question “What’s wrong with my voice?” there was a very simple answer - she raised her chin high, straining the muscles of her neck near her throat, and the sound could not come out normally. And in a relaxed state, her chin fell into place, air appeared - and her voice sounded as it should. If the chin is lowered lower than 90 degrees, then the back muscles of the neck are pulled and the sound does not receive enough air to appear.

6. « Wake up"resonators

While doing your morning chores, hum - sing your favorite song, a random melody with your mouth closed, try to read a couple of paragraphs from a book with your mouth closed, or, easiest of all, pronounce the sound “mmmmm”.

7. Always drink in small sips

Gastroenterologists advise drinking warm water with lemon in order to wake up the body. The same water helps awaken the speech organs. In the morning, drinking a glass of water in small sips, you train your small tongue. As it rises, it “works” to its full potential, and your nasal tone disappears by itself.

8. Do a vibration massage

As we have already said, sounds are not created by the vocal cords alone. Our voice becomes special, receiving a beautiful vibration thanks to internal resonators. Basic vibration massage techniques are done on the frontal sinuses (these are the voids in the center of the forehead, at the point where the eyebrows meet), the maxillary sinuses, the upper and lower lip, and the upper chest. The exercises below will reveal to you the subtleties of this massage at the indicated points.

Frontal sinuses. When massaging a point on the frontal sinuses, pronounce the sound “m” and send it upward. Imagine that the sound goes somewhere upward, above the top of your head, becoming thinner. In the place where the palate ends and the tongue begins, vibration appears. Nothing physically vibrates, but the very sensation of vibration will be there. Massage helps the resonators wake up - and the body as a whole gets used to the correct sound of all sounds.

Maxillary sinuses. When massaging the maxillary sinuses, “lower” the sound “m” completely into the nose. Close one nostril and pronounce the sound “m”, while lowering the tone, releasing through the open nostril. If you perform the exercise correctly, the wing of the open nostril vibrates a little. Monitor the execution - it is important that the vibration remains in the nose area and does not go to the teeth or tongue. This will not happen right away, but this task can be easily completed by those who are used to speaking through their noses.

By releasing sounds alternately through different nostrils, you can massage the points at the wings of the nose. You are probably familiar with the effect of this massage. Often, when we need to speak with a stuffy nose, we intuitively rub three points near the maxillary sinuses, reducing swelling, clearing the airways, and accordingly we sound more clearly, especially when pronouncing sonorant sounds, including “m” and “n”.

Upper lip. Vibration massage is aimed at teaching the upper lip to resonate - it must relax for the correct pronunciation of all sounds. To do this, pronounce the sound “v”, trying to feel how the middle of the upper lip works. The correct sound “v” is born precisely at this point: the air, leaving the mouth, hits the middle of the lip at an angle of 45 degrees and vibrates a little. By doing this exercise, you will feel how the area itches. Add massage to the point above the upper lip.

Underlip. For the lower lip, use the same principle as for the upper lip, only using the “z” sound. The sound “z” is born in the same way as “v”, only the air is directed to the middle of the lower lip. The massage is done on the point below the middle of the lower lip. Due to the tightness of the middle of the lower lip, problems may arise with the pronunciation of “sh”, “sch”, “zh”. If it seems to you that your lips are not involved in the appearance of “v” and “z”, start massaging the indicated points and physically feel the vibration.

Chest resonator. To vibrate the chest resonator, pronounce the sound “zh” and, as you exhale, send it as far down the chest as possible. This way you lower your voice as much as possible. In this case, the vocal cords do not take part in the production of sound, since they are completely relaxed, although physically you can feel their slight vibrations.

Check to see if it's done correctly - place your hand on your chest, below your neck. And it is in this place that you feel the vibration, but not in the neck, where the ligaments are. The voice becomes lower.

9. Always train your chest resonator

Place your hand on your chest and as you exhale, say “chug-chug-chug” as if you were a little train. Ideally, you should hear a sound hitting your palm from inside your chest with each “chug.” It’s difficult to speak “with your chest” right away, but over time it will become the norm.

10. Open the windpipe (trachea)

Open your mouth and make the sound “a” as you exhale. At the same time, try to relax your throat as much as possible. In addition, this warms up your jaws and lips - an additional beneficial effect.

A person under stress shrinks all over and sounds have difficulty making their way out through his throat. Try to tense your throat, you will immediately understand what we are talking about. Therefore, every time you need to relax your throat before a public speaking, presentation, interview, take a couple of minutes for this exercise.

Articulation gymnastics

To speak clearly and quickly, to confidently argue, you need to quickly and clearly work the muscles of your lips, jaw and tongue. The exercises below will be useful to you to develop the muscles of the speech apparatus. In addition, this simple gymnastics will solve the problem of most sounds once and for all.

Each muscle group is worked separately, but always in combination. Even if you feel like you can't do an exercise, just do it - you need to train muscles that you haven't used before. Perform each exercise 3-5 times. Also, when working one specific muscle group, relax the remaining muscles as much as possible.

Lips

"Duck." Pull your lips together as if you were saying the letter “y,” and then stretch your lips, exposing your upper and lower teeth as much as possible. You can enhance the effect by making circular movements with your “ducky” lips in different directions.

"Mask". Open your mouth wide and pull your lips inside your mouth as much as possible. This is a good massage for the lips and jaw. Finish the exercise with a big smile. “Mask” is good if you don’t have time for full articulation gymnastics.

"Jar of jam." Remember how you lick the jam from your lips with your tongue. Extend your tongue and, straining your muscles, slowly move it across your lips. Here the muscles of the tongue and lips are simultaneously activated. You can enhance the effect by running your tongue behind your lips.

"Rabbit". Without using your hands, lift your upper lip up, i.e. pull it towards your nose. Try not to wrinkle your forehead and relax your face.

Language

"Horse". Click your tongue like you did when you were a kid. This is especially good for those who have trouble with "r" and "l" sounds. When done correctly, you should experience a vibration between the roof of your mouth and the middle of your tongue. This exercise trains the middle part of the tongue to work.

"Artist". The exercise is especially suitable for correcting the sounds “r” and “l” in those with a short sublingual frenulum. Imagine that your tongue is a brush, with which you draw a straight line from the teeth across the entire upper palate to the movable tongue, pressing the tongue tightly against the “canvas”.

"Sword". For working out cheeks and lips from the inside. Tighten your tongue like a mini-skewer and lick the inside of your lips - slowly running your tongue along the upper and lower jaw. The tension “turns on” the tip and base of the tongue.

"Boat". Helps correct the pronunciation of the “ch” sound. The lateral muscles of the tongue rise and the tongue protrudes from the mouth. There is no need to pronounce the sound - this way you make the “lazy” muscles of the tongue, which have not previously participated in speaking, jump. It has been noticed that 90% of people who cannot say “ch” do not know how to make a boat.

Jaws

"Nutcracker". Open your mouth as wide as possible. Do it very slowly. Then slowly close your mouth.

"Shifts". Move your jaw forward without straining your lips. Then separately to the right and separately to the left. Aerobatics is to make a retractable circular movement of the jaw clockwise and counterclockwise. To begin with, try to make a movement along the square, gradually turning it into a small oval.

To minimize all injuries, because... your jaw is not used to stress, perform all exercises with your mouth open or slightly open.

When there is no time

If you need to work on articulation when you don’t have time, in the morning before an important meeting, then do the following exercises.

1. Write all the consonants of the alphabet in a row and choose any word starting with the letter “b” (or a word that is difficult for you to pronounce). For example, "barrel". Then say this word, changing the first letter: “barrel, barrel, barrel...”.

And if you want to additionally say goodbye to nasality, then close your nostrils with your fingers, inhale through your mouth, and opening your mouth as much as possible, say the same thing. This way all the air will come out exclusively through the mouth.

Go through the alphabet back and forth. You will immediately sound different and better - you will wake up your speech apparatus, and almost all sounds will sound correctly.

2. Substitute all the consonants in turn for the vowels “i”, “e”, “a”, “o”, “u”, “s”. Run through the alphabet and you'll sound much more convincing in your morning meeting.

Breathing technique

The ability to breathe correctly is the most important thing in speech technique and oratory. Breathing is practiced in parallel with the production of sounds and pumping of the muscles of the lips, tongue and jaw.

How to breathe correctly

You need to inhale only through your nose, exhale only through your mouth. Ideally, sounds are born along with the exhalation.

As you inhale, completely relax your abdominal muscles and diaphragm. Remember how children breathe while sticking out their bellies? Do the same without tension - and a relaxed stomach will become a container for the air that is so necessary in the speaking process. In such a stomach, the muscles of the diaphragm easily bend and let in air.

As you exhale, pull in your stomach, thus arching the diaphragm in the other direction and thereby releasing the air. Otherwise, you take in air, tense up, quickly say what you need to say, and only then exhale - which is completely wrong.

Always remember: inhale on a relaxed stomach, exhale while tightening your stomach.

Working on inhalation and exhalation

There are a huge number of breathing techniques, and they are all based on working the diaphragm. And their common key point is that after doing any inhalation exercise, you must also do an exhalation exercise.

When starting to practice breathing techniques, always take water with you to prevent hyperventilation. If you don’t feel completely comfortable, or feel dizzy, just drink water and breathe calmly.

Inhale. Imagine that there are three bags of coffee in front of you. You were allowed to smell them all and choose one. You need to understand what kind of coffee you like best and be completely satisfied with its aroma. Take one forced exhale, and then inhale sharply three times so that your chest tightens. The stomach is relaxed, remember! Then, tightening your stomach, exhale calmly.

Exhalation. First, prepare for the execution - to get rid of excess air on the previous inhalation, i.e. hyperventilation, you need to exhale forcefully. With sharp movements, like a pump, exhale the air along with the sound “f”, sharply drawing in your stomach with each movement.

Now you can do the exercise: take a deep breath through your nose and, as you exhale, divided into three, tightening your stomach, sharply blow out three candles on an imaginary cake. Each candle with a separate portion of air. The trick is to leave a little more air in your lungs so that you can take a gentle breath instead of gasping for air. Some people can divide one exhalation into 12 parts.

General relaxation. If you are nervous, take a deep breath, taking in small portions of air for 4 counts, and smoothly, in one movement, release the air. Then inhale deeply in one movement, then, breaking the exhalation into 4 counts, push the air out in small bursts.

1) Don’t rush to do everything quickly so as not to harm yourself.

2) Look at yourself in the mirror while doing the exercises. Monitor the correct execution until it becomes automatic. The brain always draws its own algorithms for performing a particular task, so you can do it incorrectly without knowing it.

4) Don't be afraid to articulate. Vowel sounds not only begin to sound louder, but also gain strength if you open your mouth wide.

5) Regularly pronounce patters for different sounds. Or, for example, collect your favorite tongue twisters into one multi-tongued language and learn it. Pronounce it slowly - this way you will improve your speech apparatus, learn to pronounce words clearly.

6) Don’t strive to get results in one day. The muscles need to be trained, and this will take at least 21 days.

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Some people think that they have no problems with diction and this is true. However, when they come, for example, to get a job on television or as a radio presenter, they can immediately be told that for this they need to improve their diction. What methods can easily and quickly improve your diction level? There are several ways to help solve this problem in a short time.

You will need:

First Steps to Persuasive Speech

To speak confidently, beautifully and euphoniously, you need to perform a number of exercises. The first step is to learn how to pronounce plosive sounds well and clearly. Of course, if voiceless consonants are inaudible, then the level of diction will drop significantly. Due to the fact that the voiceless sounds themselves, in their structure, are quite quiet and incomprehensible, they must be pronounced much better than other vowels.

For example: p', t', k'.

Speak dull sounds without a voice, but with very great activity, as if exploding these sounds. After completing the exercise, pronounce the same sounds, but with your voice. This can be done by using consonants that follow the unvoiced ones.

For example, by, then, to, etc.

After completing the exercises, add voiced vowels and sibilants.

Books and reading aloud are a great help in improving diction

The second and very serious mistake of many is the incorrect pronunciation of the letter “G”.

Cuckoo cuckoo bought a hood

Lisping speech is an unforgivable mistake. Of course, if a person has an incorrectly developed bite or has a piercing in the tongue, then this is forgivable. However, it often happens that neither one nor the other is observed, so the culprit is a weak language.

To solve this problem, it is necessary to do exercises not only for hissing sounds. For example, you need to learn to pronounce the sound “C” accurately and clearly.

You also need to learn to relax the muscles of your mouth and tense your tongue. You can do it like this:

1. smile so that your teeth are visible;
2. pull out your tongue a little;
3. Use your mouth to blow a little air onto the tip of your tongue to hear a small whistle (this whistle is similar to the pronunciation of the letter “C”).

You need to see your mistakes directly

A good exercise is to read and talk in front of a mirror.

This is necessary so that you yourself can see your mistakes and see for yourself how your mouth muscles work. If you pronounce sounds and words, phrases in front of a mirror with diligent force, that is, make movements more flexible and strong, open your mouth more, etc., then over time you will hear that the level of your diction has increased significantly. And after such exercises it will be much easier for you to pronounce certain sounds.

Use third party items

Do exercises with foreign objects.

• For example, you can put small nuts in your mouth and speak tongue twisters with the nuts in your mouth, while pronouncing each sound well.
• You can also use, for example, a pen. Hold the pen between your lips or teeth, and then start reading the tongue twisters yourself.

It is worth considering that it is unlikely to succeed the first time, but there is no need to give up ahead of time. With long-term training everything will work out. Besides, you shouldn’t rush too much the first time.

It is better to pronounce each word at a slow pace, but clearly and clearly.

The article explains what diction is and how to improve it.

In the modern world, it is quite easy for people with good, expressive diction to get used to most areas of our dynamically developing life. Excellent speakers are needed not only on stage, but also in business, on television, and in politics.

Steve Jobs is a great speaker

What is diction?

Diction is the name given to the clear pronunciation of sounds in accordance with the phonetic norms of the language. Expressive diction is the most important characteristic of acting, singers, and performers.

Clear diction depends on the level of training of the active organs of speech - such organs include the tongue and lips. In this regard, practicing expressive diction should begin with muscle training - articulatory gymnastics.

Diction shows how correctly a person pronounces words and syllables, how clearly he pronounces sounds - all this can be trained and improved.

Unclear pronunciation of words interferes with their correct perception, and a poorly pronounced phrase sometimes even loses its meaning. Distortion of sounds can greatly distract the attention of the audience, causing them to focus on defects in sound rather than on the meaning of the phrase spoken.

IMPORTANT: It is much easier for a person with expressive diction to interest and captivate the audience. It is much easier for such a person to speak in public.

Working on diction and pronunciation

In order to get rid of the sharp “g”, whistling “s”, lisping “sh”, in order to improve the pronunciation of words and syllables, in order for the diction to become more expressive, you will have to work a little.

There are a huge number of exercises for clear speech that have been helping people become interesting, captivating speakers for a long time. Some of the exercises were already known in Ancient Greece.

How to improve diction for an adult or a teenager?

There are special exercises to develop and improve diction. This:

• Breathing and Posture

Not many people know how much a beautifully delivered speech depends on breathing and posture. In this regard, there are even special exercises:

1. You should stand straight, feet shoulder-width apart, hands should be placed on your belt. After this, you need to open your mouth slightly and, supposedly overcoming resistance, exhale slowly. After training, you should complicate the exercise by reading a few lines of your favorite poem while exhaling.
2. You should return to the starting position, and then slowly bend forward and inhale. You should keep your back straight, and as you exhale, begin to rise and continue to stretch “hmm-mm.”
3. For posture exercises, you should stock up on a book. The book must be placed on your head and walked slowly with it so that it does not fall. Then you should add gestures, squats, and more dynamic walking.

Posture is the first step towards beautiful speech

• Articulation. Read more in the section below
• Pronunciation of consonants and vowels. Examples of correct pronunciation of sounds can be seen in the following videos:

Video: Phonetics. Setting consonants and vowels. Associate Professor Bitekhtina N.B.

Video: Making whistling sounds in adults

Video: Correction of sound pronunciation in adults

• Intonation

The best exercise for developing intonation is to read by role.

Video: Intonation (training)

• Tongue Twisters. A large list of tongue twisters can be found in the section below
• Acting methods. To train diction using acting methods, you should put walnuts or a pencil in your mouth, and then begin to slowly, legibly pronounce tongue twisters or read the text.

Exercises for diction and articulation

Expressive diction requires daily training of the muscles of the speech apparatus. To develop and strengthen the muscles of the mouth, jaw, lips and tongue, you should engage in special articulatory gymnastics.

You can choose some of the following articulatory gymnastics exercises, although to achieve better and faster results, it is better to perform all the exercises in turn:

• Standing with your hands on your chest, you should lean forward a little and exhale in as low a voice as possible and pronounce drawn out vowels, for example, “a”, “o”, “and”
• You should open your mouth wide and move your lower jaw in different directions, including back and forth
• You should close your mouth, tense the tip of your tongue, and then touch your cheeks one by one. This exercise can be done with your mouth open.
• You should smile very widely, and then touch the corners of your mouth with the tip of your tongue. It is important that the jaw remains motionless and the tongue does not touch the lips
• You should smile broadly, opening your mouth slightly, and then count the teeth in the upper and lower rows, touching them with the tip of your tongue. The jaw should be motionless in this exercise.
• You should clench your teeth and smile broadly. It is important that your teeth are visible in two rows when you smile.
• You should close your teeth, and then fold your lips into a tube, stretching them in front and at the same time pull out the sound “u”
• You should open your mouth wide and extend your sharp tongue as far as possible.

• You should open your mouth and place a wide, relaxed tongue on your lower lip.
• You should open your mouth, and then use the tip of your tongue to lick your upper and lower lips alternately, without moving your jaw.

IMPORTANT: All exercises from articulatory gymnastics should be done for about ten seconds. After a short break, each exercise should be repeated several more times.

Exercises for diction and voice

Expressive diction cannot be done without the correct frequency of the voice and its emotional coloring. In order for your voice to sound captivating, you should train your diction and the timbre of your voice.

There are some exercises for this:

• You should hold a pen, pencil, etc. between your teeth, and then, clearly pronouncing words and sounds, read texts and poems.
• Read texts and poems alternately quickly and slowly, loudly and quietly
• You should, without losing your breath, maintaining all pauses, read texts, poems expressively, while jumping rope or jogging.
• You should pay attention to your neck while talking, because... when trying to feel it, the neck relaxes and the larynx drops.

• You should beat yourself on the chest, making different sounds.
• While yawning, you should pronounce vowel sounds for a long time, or talk. This will also help relax and lower the larynx.
• You should start the morning with a moo, continuously saying “mm-mm-mm-mm-mm”
• You should talk while smiling. The voice will change noticeably.

IMPORTANT: If you repeat the described exercises for 10-15 minutes daily, you can quickly notice changes in your voice.

Video: The best voice exercise to develop diction

Is it necessary to read aloud to develop diction?

Reading aloud can be an important capstone exercise for working on improving your diction. By reading aloud, it is easier to understand where and what problems there are, and what still needs to be worked on.

If, during the next reading aloud, all previous mistakes are taken into account, you will notice that each time the speech will sound clearer and clearer.

IMPORTANT: For reading aloud, it is better to choose blank verses, multi-foot verses, and passages of texts that are difficult to understand.

Reading aloud - an exercise for diction

Tongue twisters for the development of diction

And I have no time for feeling unwell.
Arkhip is hoarse, Osip is hoarse.

White snow. White chalk.
White sugar is also white.
But the squirrel is not white.
It wasn't even white.

Brit Klim brother,
Brit Ignat brother,
Brother Ignat is bearded.

The bomber bombed Brandenburg.

A sorcerer performed magic in a stable with the wise men.

The crow missed the little crow.

The big guy Vavila merrily moved his pitchfork.

Like on a hill, on a hill
There are thirty-three Egorkas.

The messenger from the galleys burned to death.

Margarita collected daisies on the mountain,
Margarita lost her daisies in the yard.

Two woodcutters, two woodcutters,
Two woodcutters sharpened their axes,
The axes are sharp for the time being,
Axes are sharp for the time being.

Grandfather Dodon played the pipe,
Dimka's grandfather hurt him.

A woodpecker treats an ancient oak tree,
The good woodpecker loves the oak tree.

Tongue twisters - exercises for diction

Fedka eats radish with vodka,
Fedka eats radish with vodka.

Emelya spent a week spinning a box of tow,
And Emelina’s daughter has to spin for one night.

The ground beetle is buzzing, buzzing, but not spinning.

The hedgehog has a hedgehog, the snake has a squeeze.

Frosty winter morning
At dawn the birch trees ring.

All lakes are mirrors
Made of green glass.

Sonya brought elderberries to Zine in a basket.

Incident with the quartermaster.

The donkey carried firewood to the village,
The donkey dumped the wood in the grass.

Cuckoo bought a hood.
Put on the cuckoo's hood.
How funny he is in the hood.

Karl stole coral from Clara,
Clara stole Karl's clarinet.
Queen Clara punished strictly
Carla for stealing coral.

The farrier forged the horse,
Conb the farrier's hoof,
Farrier with a horse whip.

A cap is sewn, a cap is knitted, but not in the Kolpakov style,
The bell is poured, the bell is forged, but not in the bell style,
It is necessary to re-cap and re-cap.
The bell needs to be re-belled and re-belled.

Have you washed the raspberries?
They washed, but did not soap.

Mila washed the bear with soap,
Mila dropped the soap.
Mila dropped her soap
I didn’t wash the bear with soap.

Marina called Galina,
Galina called Marina over the viburnum.

Didn't we catch burbot on the Nile?

Our Naum is on his own mind.

Pavel swaddled Pavlushka,
He unswaddled and swaddled.

Peter was the first to go for a walk,
I caught a quail and went to sell it.

Praskovya exchanged crucian carp
For three pairs of purebred piglets.
The piglets ran through the dew,
The piglets caught a cold, but not all of them.

The pig snouted, the pig snouted, the white-snouted,
Half a yard snout from snout,
I dug and dug, but didn’t get to the hole.
That's why the sow hare snouts, so that she digs.

Greek rode across the river,
The cancer sees the Greek in the river.
The Greek put his hand in the river,
Cancer by the hand of the Greek DAC.

The badger was carrying the branch.

Old Semyon said to his sons:
"Mow the haystack."
The sons mowed a haystack.
Old Semyon said to his sons: “Thank you.”

Senka is carrying Sanka and Sonya on a sled;
Sledge clap, Sanka - sideways,
Sonya - jump, Senka off his feet.

Tongue twisters are a great way to practice speech

Only Tanya will get up in the morning.
Tanyusha is drawn to dance.
Why is it taking so long to explain?
Tanya loves to dance.

I met a black grouse under a black grouse tree:
“Grouse, grouse! How are your grouse?”
Black grouse in response:
“My little grouse are healthy guys,
Greetings from them to your little grouse!”

Three magpies, three rattles
Lost three brushes each:
Three today, three yesterday,
Three more the day before yesterday.

The duck on the pond began to teach her ducklings,
Ducklings do not want to swim in front of their mother.
The duck is suffering terribly:
“Well, what will come of them?”

Bring some coal to the corner,
Put out the coal in the corner!

Ducklings taught by mother duck
Look for snails in the meadow.
Snails in the meadow no joke
We learned to hide from ducks.

Fanya has a sweatshirt,
Fedya has shoes.

Foka fantasized
Fedor was playing tricks
Feofan fenced with Feoktist.

Owl Fili has two little owls -
Filka and Filimonka.

Laughter letter X
Laughed: Ha ha ha!

Crested Gulls
They burst out laughing: ha, ha, ha.

The braggart boasted and boasted,
He boasted and boasted, and even boasted,
Yes, and he boasted.

Flowers are blooming in the flower garden.

Skinny fox in a chintz dress
He sows flour from wheat through calico.

Appreciates the chain of mowers along the braid.

Four little black little devils
A drawing was drawn in black ink.
Extremely clean!

Chock, chock, heel,
Ran into a twig
It came off, it broke,
Chock, chock, heel.

Chick-chick-chickalochki.
A goose rides on a stick.
The duck is on the pipe,
Chicken on a chick
Bunny on a wheelbarrow
And the boy is on the dog.

Six mixtures from six baskets
And three laughs from a fluffy bag.

Proshka's mutt bit Pashka;
Pashka hits Proshkin Shavka with his hat.

The bristles of a pig, the scales of a pike.

The goldfinch chirps over the thicket.

The goldfinch was a dandy.

Yulka-Yulenka-yula,
Yulka was nimble
Sit still Yulka
I couldn't for a minute.

Lizard on a skiff
Apples for the fair
It was in a box.

My yacht is light and obedient,
I will plow the seas on it.

Yaroslav and Yaroslavna
We settled in Yaroslavl.
They live nicely in Yaroslavl
Yaroslav and Yaroslavna.

Video: How to work with tongue twisters Diction and Articulation // 24 VOCAL LESSON

Practice, train your diction, and then you will have no equal in oratory skills.

Clear diction is not only important for singers, television presenters and public speakers - it also plays a special role in everyday life. If you have problems with diction, then some difficulties in communicating with people cannot be ruled out later, but you can correct the situation by starting classes with a teacher or starting self-study.

What is diction and why does it need to be developed?

Diction refers to the clear pronunciation of words and all letters. It is definitely worth working on it, as it has a beneficial effect on how people around us perceive us. It is worth noting that this is an extremely rare quality - diction, clear by nature. However, this does not mean that we cannot improve our own pronunciation - this is possible both in childhood and in adulthood. Of course, the second option involves a more painstaking approach. Over the course of many years, an adult has become accustomed to speaking in a certain way, so changing this is not very easy. But subsequently the results will certainly justify themselves.

Exercises to develop diction

As a rule, in order to develop diction, certain exercises are used: tongue twisters, breathing training, and so on. Exercises with cork, nuts or candy in your mouth This exercise is very useful before pronouncing tongue twisters. So, let's warm up our tongue and lips! To do this, hold a piece of candy, a nut, a cork or a pencil between your front teeth. Please note that your tongue should not come into contact with the selected item. Bare your teeth, opening your mouth slightly. Now, holding, for example, a nut between your teeth, begin to pronounce consonant sounds, then add vowels to them, thus forming syllables. After this, you can begin to pronounce words and full phrases. Repeating tongue twisters Without tongue twisters, it is quite difficult to develop beautiful speech. Try to use several tongue twisters at once, and then pay attention to which ones are more difficult for you. Focus on problem sounds by spending more time on them. Do not forget about regular practice, so that the speech apparatus has the opportunity to get used to the correct pronunciation. We present to your attention several very useful tongue twisters: “The thunderstorm is formidable, the thunderstorm is formidable”, “Grandfather has become old”, “Mow, scythe, while the dew, away with the dew - and we’re going home,” “Whether the fox was sitting near the village, or at the edge of the forest,” “Klim was pounding a wedge into one pancake.”

Delivering a beautiful speech yourself

Of course, if you want your speech to be beautiful and literate, it is important to read as much as possible, thereby expanding your vocabulary. It is better to give preference to classics and scientific literature. Reading. Read aloud, but be careful not to sound monotonous. Imagine that you are reading to someone and you want the person to listen with interest. Of course, in this case it is important to change the intonation, reading speed, and volume. Please note that pauses may sometimes be necessary - for example, before starting a dialogue or when highlighting particularly important points. It is also important that the pauses are appropriate, and it is recommended not to delay them. Voice. You’ve probably noticed yourself that confident and calm speech is perceived better. Learn to control your emotions so that your voice sounds clear, confident and convincing. Retelling. It is important to “capture” what you read or watch. For example, after reading a work or feature film, retell it. Of course, it is advisable to do this using a voice recorder. Subsequently, you can listen to the recording and identify all your shortcomings. Also periodically retell the learned material to friends or relatives, monitoring how the story is perceived - is the person clearly bored, trying to change the topic, or listening with genuine interest? Enrich your vocabulary. Try to regularly add new words to your speech. If you come across some unknown word, be sure to remember it and look up the meaning. Many people prefer to insert “clever” words into conversations without fully understanding what they mean – do not make such a mistake. Be interested in new information. Sometimes facts from history and modern culture sound quite appropriate and organic in a conversation, and it would be great if you had an idea of ​​at least some of them. To do this, you should periodically look through the news and become interested in well-known and simply entertaining historical facts. Accents. Some people have an annoying problem - they write correctly, but cannot boast of perfect speech, and all this is due to incorrect stress placement. If you're not sure how to pronounce a word, don't use it until you can look it up in a dictionary and find out the information you need. Expressiveness. Make sure that what you say sounds expressive - it is unacceptable to mutter under your breath or say everything in one breath. To ensure that your speech sounds with the right intonation, periodically read with expression. Flexibility. Learn to “feel” your interlocutor. For example, you see that a person is upset and listens to your stories without interest - probably he himself wants to speak out, he is worried about something. Find the right words that will help him open up. Conciseness. Conciseness is exactly what many people lack when voicing any information. Most often, this irritates interlocutors, especially during a telephone conversation or at a time when a person is busy with something. If you want to convey something really important to someone, you should learn to speak to the point without making long introductions or deviating from the topic.

What is articulation

Clear articulation of the speaker allows listeners to understand him correctly. If articulation is impaired, and this may be caused by physiological characteristics, then in some cases this may interfere with full communication. However, training the muscles of the lips and tongue can improve the situation.

Organs of articulation

The organs of articulation can be divided into mobile and immobile. The first includes the uvula, lips and tongue, and the second includes the teeth, as well as the hard and soft palate. The tongue is considered the most active of these organs - it can occupy various positions in the mouth, moving closer to organs that are less mobile. As a result, certain speech sounds are formed.

Exercises to develop articulation

1) First you need to develop the tip of the tongue. Imagine your tongue as a hammer, which you use to hit your teeth. At the same time, you need to repeat: “yes-yes-yes-yes.” Then move on to the letters “D” and “T” in the same way. 2) Let’s free the larynx and tongue. You need to quickly inhale through your nose and then quickly exhale through your mouth. Exhalation sound: “Ugh.” Wanting to strengthen the muscles of the larynx, instead of “Fu”, say “G” or “K”. 3) Before each phrase, it is important to be able to draw air in time. Let's develop this skill. Start reading a story out loud, taking a deep breath before each sentence. If you regularly perform this exercise, the desired skill will become a habit. Please note that inhalation, like exhalation, should be silent, almost unnoticeable to others. 4) Activate the labial muscles. Puff out your cheeks, then release the air through your clenched mouth. At the same time, say “P” and “B” (quickly, one after the other). 5) Do not forget to properly separate the air if you want your articulation to be developed. When a person speaks loudly, he usually needs more breathing. In turn, quiet pronunciation forces you to control your exhalation more. Alternately pronounce phrases in a quiet and then in a loud voice. 6) Try to learn how to pronounce vowels on one stream, alternating them with a clear pronunciation of consonants. Take a book and read a sentence. Now repeat it, ignoring the consonants. At the same time, the vowels seem to be pulled out a little. After this, insert clear consonants into the smooth flow of vowels.7) This technique also works to improve diction. Pronounce any words, highlighting their endings - they should sound clear and sharp. With the help of this exercise, your speech will gain more expressiveness. 8) Adopt several tongue twisters that will be different from each other. This will help you develop articulation. Start pronouncing tongue twisters slowly, but gradually the pace should increase. It is important that your phrases sound not only clearly, but also expressively.9) You have the power to improve the way the sounds you pronounce sound. Involve sounds that are “problematic” in your case. Now say out loud the words that include these sounds. You can use a dictionary for this purpose. The more often you practice this sound, the faster you will learn to pronounce it without any difficulty.