Oral folk art of the Russian people. Oral folk art of the Russian people Russian folk nursery rhymes

Oral folk art represents a vast layer of Russian culture, formed over many centuries. The works of Russian folklore reflect many of the feelings of the people and their experiences, history, serious thoughts about the meaning of life, humor, fun and much more. Most works of oral folk art exist in poetic form, which made it possible to remember them well and pass them on from generation to generation orally.

Small genres of folklore include works of small volume: ditties, nursery rhymes, jokes, proverbs, riddles, lullabies, fables, tongue twisters. Sometimes they are classified as children's folklore, because in ancient times a person's acquaintance with these works occurred at an age when he did not even speak. These works are interesting for their brightness, accessibility, and form that is understandable to everyone.

Small genres of Russian folklore:

Russian folk proverbs

Russian proverbs and sayings are short, rhythmically organized, figurative folk sayings, often with edifying, instructive content; these are original folk aphorisms. They often consist of two parts, supported by rhyme, have rhythm, characteristic alliteration and assonance.

Russian folk nursery rhymes

Folk nursery rhymes are rhymed short stories, songs and rhymes, combined with simple movements, designed to entertain the child, train his memory, develop fine motor skills and coordination of movements, and harmonious development of the child as a whole, through an unobtrusive form of play.

Russian folk jokes

Jokes or amusements are small, funny, often rhymed works that tell in a bright, entertaining form about interesting events that happened to its heroes. They are distinguished by dynamic content, energetic actions of the characters, designed to interest the child, develop his imagination, and bring positive emotions.

Russian folk tales

Russian folk tales are small-scale fairy tales, sometimes presented in rhymed form, the plot of which is built on meaningless events that defy logic. Their task is to amuse the listener, instill in the child a sense of humor, logic, imagination and develop the entire thinking process as a whole.

Russian folk tongue twisters

Russian tongue twister is a short comic phrase built on a combination of hard-to-pronounce sounds, invented by our ancestors for entertainment and now used to correct problems with speech and diction.

Is it a fairy tale for children? Initially, no. The first books of fairy tales were collections of folklore stories, and it was impossible to call them children's books, even if one wanted to. Only later did fairy tales, adapted by writers, become reading material for children. In Russia, the first fairy tale written specifically for children appeared only in 1829. It was the well-known “Black Hen, or Underground Inhabitants” by Anthony Pogorelsky.

It is unlikely that today anyone will seriously begin to argue that fairy tales are a useless atavism, but at the dawn of the Soviet era they were recognized as harmful. Many people got it back then, and especially Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky for “Crocodile”, “Cockroach” and “Tsokotukha Fly”. Books with folk tales were removed from libraries, and fairy-tale “mysticism” was considered nonsense that interfered with the education of the working class. But the fairy tale survived just like the New Year.

Today the fairy tale lives in a variety of genres and book formats. The choice is huge: folk and original, modern and ancient, translated and Russian, adapted and unadapted, “uncut.” Connoisseurs of authenticity can purchase reprinted editions of ancient books, and fans of everything modern can purchase fairy tales dressed in the most conceptual literary and design form.

Fairy tales for the little ones

When should you start learning about fairy tales? Yes, actually, when you don’t know how to read yet! Many fairy tales are intended to be told to children who have not yet fully mastered oral speech skills.

“Teremok”, “Kolobok”, “Turnip” have a simple plot and gradually introduce the child to the world around him. The main characters - animals and objects - acquire human thoughts and voices and act just like people: sometimes wisely and nobly, sometimes stupidly and cruelly. Usually such fairy tales are read not two or three, but many times, and the lessons that the heroes receive are remembered by the child for life.

Author's fairy tales that three-year-olds happily listen to include adapted fairy tales by Charles Perrault, the Brothers Grimm, and funny stories by Chukovsky, Marshak, Suteev, and Sladkov. There are also many children's books that have long been considered classics abroad, but have recently gained popularity in Russia: “The Very Hungry Caterpillar” and “The Dreamy Chameleon” by Eric Carle, “The Enormous Crocodile” and “The Amazing Mr. Fox” by Roald Dahl, “Crictor” and "Emil. The Good Octopus" by Tomi Ungerer, "Meowli" by Judith Kerr and "Charlotte the Sheep" by Anu Stoner... They are created just for the little ones, they contain talking animals, and unusual incidents, and, of course, educational - but unobtrusive - element.

The main thing in all fairy tales for little ones is that they teach them to separate black from white, tell them how important kindness and mutual assistance are, and also confirm that any evil always gets what it deserves. But design is no less important. It’s good if the first book that a child starts reading on his own has large print and bright, memorable illustrations. The artist’s work is no less significant: the more lively and emotional the drawing, the more the little reader will love the book.

Top 10 fairy tales for kids

• Two magpies were chatting. Russian folk tales, songs, nursery rhymes.
• Pan Kotofey. Ukrainian and Belarusian folk tales
• Chukovsky K.I. "Miracle Tree"
• Andersen H.-K. "Ugly duck"
• Perrault S. "Little Red Riding Hood"
• Marshak S.Ya. "Cat house"
• Carl E. "The Very Hungry Caterpillar"
• Rosen M. "Let's go catch a bear"
• Donaldson D. "The Gruffalo"
• Shtoner A. "Little Santa Claus"

Fairy tales for those who read independently

As a child gets older, he becomes more interested in listening and reading about heroes similar to himself: about children, their adventures, travels, transformations and magical encounters.

First of all, these are original fairy tales: “The Snow Queen” by Andersen, “Pinocchio”, “Baby and Carlson”, “Nils’ Journey with Wild Geese”. In these fairy tales, not only are the heroes children, in whom it is easy to recognize oneself, they also have a place for difficult choices, an independent attempt to figure out the correctness of actions. "The Wizard of the Emerald City" talks about the importance of friendship and mutual assistance, and "Alice in Wonderland" will help you plunge into the unusual world of fantasy.

At this age, children are captivated by the opportunity to immerse themselves in a full-fledged fairy-tale world, be it the world of Nosov, Raspe, Milne, Rodari, talking toys or E. Raud’s little naxitralls - characters that are extremely interesting to follow. The plot is based on dynamic adventures and a real “situation comedy”. Laughter at the characters' funny mistakes and empathy for them in difficult moments determine the emotional background of a child's growing up.

In addition, this is the best period to get acquainted with the classics. Tales of A.S. Pushkin, "The Scarlet Flower" by S. Aksakov, "The Nutcracker" by E. Hoffmann... Books to which, most likely, children will return. Fairy tales of the classics of the 19th century, such as V. Gauff and O. Wilde, are interesting to read not only for children. Often the drama and even mysticism of these works attract adult readers - not to mention "Alice" and "The Little Prince", in which people of all ages willingly look for the most unexpected and deep meanings.

Top 10 fairy tales for children 6-8 years old

• Gauf V. "Little Muk"
• Raskatov M. "The Missing Letter"
• Druzhkov Y. "The Adventures of Pencil and Samodelkin: A True Tale"
• Tolstoy A. "The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio"
• Nosov N. "The Adventures of Dunno and His Friends"
• Carroll L. "Alice in Wonderland"
• Lindgren A. "Kid and Carlson"
• Nesbit E. "Five Children and It"
• Harris J.C. "The Tales of Uncle Remus"
• Bond M. "A Little Bear Called Paddington"

Fairy tales for "adult" children

The most difficult age for choosing a book is coming, since it is now that the child turns into a teenager. "Carlson" and "Pinocchio" are left behind, it's time to offer "Gulliver's Travels" or "The Jungle Book", where exciting adventures will coexist with the opportunity to absorb a huge amount of new information.

10-12 years old is the best time to read “The Moomins” and get inspired by Krapivin’s “Flying Tales”. "The Night Before Christmas" by Gogol, "Little Tsakhes" by Hoffmann - this is both interesting for a child and quite serious, adult reading. This does not mean at all that the young reader “grew up” from the folk tale. It’s just that now this is a completely different reading, which not only teaches you to distinguish between good and evil, but also introduces you to the culture and traditions of the peoples of the world.

Fairy tales that have developed in China, Japan, and India attract with their unusual flavor, but perhaps the child will also notice something in common between the plots he knows from Russian fairy tales and oriental “exoticism.” For example, the motif of magical power possessed by the simplest-looking objects. Running boots, an invisible hat - something similar exists in the Japanese fairy tale “What the Birds Told.” An old man finds a cap in the forest, and when he puts it on, he begins to understand the voices of birds. They tell him about a variety of human misfortunes, and, traveling from village to village, the old man saves peasants from troubles and misfortunes. Fate rewards the old man for his responsiveness and love for his neighbor. The villagers surround him with universal respect - and what could be more valuable than respect for old age and wisdom in Eastern culture?

Top 10 fairy tales for children 8-12 years old

• Magic tales of Japan. Strawberries under the snow
• Khoza, Zhukrovsky. "The Trusting Tiger. Burmese, Indonesian, Vietnamese fairy tales"
• Magical tales of Sweden
• Jansson T. "All about the Moomins"
• Kipling R.D. "Mowgli"
• Schmidt A. "Murli"
• Antoine de Saint-Exupery "The Little Prince"
• Jones D.W. "Walking castle"
• Maar P. "Seven Saturdays in a week"
• Jaster N. "Cute and the Magic Booth"
• Ende M. "The Neverending Story"

Modern fairy tale

A fairy tale is a time-tested way to instill in a child knowledge of how everything works. Fairy tales do not age; they are read and will continue to be read, no matter when they were created. However, this does not mean that fairy tales of the 21st century do not exist.

The fairytale tradition continues today. "The Gruffalo" by Julia Donaldson and Axel Scheffler, "How the Elephant Fell from the Sky" by Kate DiCamillo, "A Little Bear Called Paddington" by Michael Bond, "Petson and Findus" by Sven Nordqvist - these are just a few of the wonderful modern foreign fairy tales. Russia also has its own storytellers: Elena Rakitina and Marina Aromshtam, Evgenia Pasternak and Andrei Zhvalevsky, Dina Sabitova and Sergei Sedov. And more and more new excellent original fairy tales are coming out!

We consider some songs well known to every Russian (and not only Russian) people as folk songs. They are often declared “Russian folk song...”. Remember the incomparable Ekaterina Savinova-Frosya Burlakova in the legendary film “Come Tomorrow” said: “folk music, I don’t know whose words, probably also folk.”
But someone wrote them! Today I want to remind you of two such truly popular poets: Alexei Koltsov and Ivan Surikov.

Everyone, perhaps, is familiar with the lines from childhood

This is my village;
This is my home;
Here I am sledding
Steep up the mountain...

This is Surikov’s “Childhood”. And I'm no exception. One of my first books, I even remember the pictures from it.

But this post is about songs. One of the most famous, which is often sung even now in concerts and at feasts (despite its one and a half century history!) is “Rowan” (“Why are you standing swaying, thin rowan?”). This is how it sounds performed by a Russian folk song choir

But the poems of I.Z. Surikov
:
"Why are you making noise, rocking,
Thin rowan,
Bent low
Head to the rear?
- “I speak with the wind
About your misfortune
That I grow alone
In this garden.
Sad, little orphan,
I'm standing, rocking,
What a blade of grass is to the ground,
I bend over to the tine.
There, behind the thorns, in the field,
Over the deep river
In the open, in freedom,
The oak grows tall.
How I wish
Move to the oak tree;
I wouldn't do it then
Bend and swing.
The branches would be close
I snuggled up to him
And with its sheets
Whispered day and night.
No, rowan is not allowed
Move to the oak tree!
Know, me, an orphan,
A century of swinging alone."
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As you can see, the words in the song have been slightly altered. Well, the author of the music is completely unknown. So the song can easily be attributed to folk art. So to speak, the co-authorship of the Poet and the People.

And here is another poem by Ivan Zakharovich
Horses rush and carry,
The steppe continues to run into the distance;
Snowy blizzard
The steppe is buzzing.

Snow and snow all around;
Sadness takes over my heart;
About Mozdok
The steppe coachman sings...

Like the expanse of the steppe
Wide-large;
Like the steppe is deaf
The coachman was dying;

Like your last one
Hour before death
He's a friend
Gave an order...

Learned? Of course, the famous song “Steppe, and steppe all around.” Also quite changed compared to the original. There are many variations of the lyrics to this song. And Surikov’s poems sound like this.
"I see the death of me
Here, in the steppe, it will strike, -
Don't remember, friend,
My evil grievances.

My evil grievances
Yes and nonsense
Unreasonable words
The old rudeness.

Bury me
Here, in the deserted steppe;
Black horses
Take me home.

Take me home
Give them to the priest;
Take a bow
To the old mother.

To a young wife
Tell me, my friend,
So that she
I didn't wait to go home...

By the way, she still
Don't forget to say:
It's hard for a widow
I should throw it!

Pass the word
Farewell to her
And give me the ring
Engagement.

Let her talk about me
Doesn't grieve;
With someone after your heart
He'll get married!"

The coachman fell silent,
A tear is rolling...
And in the steppe the deaf
The blizzard is crying.

"Like the expanse of the steppe
Wide-large;
Like the steppe is deaf
The coachman was dying."

By the way, these poems were inspired by Surikov’s old coachman’s song “MOZDOK STEPPE...”

Is it my steppe, Mozdok steppe,
Mozdok steppe!
How wide, how far, steppe, do you stretch,
Stretched out
From Saratov you, steppe, to the village of Tsaritsyn,
To Tsaritsyn;
A large path ran across the steppe,
The path is wide...
Young cab drivers drove along it,
Young;
Like their horses are dun, all are dun,
Their clamps are silver,
Serebryany;
Like their bridles are all set,
All typesetting;
Like their carts are all spiked,
All studded...
Something bad happened to them,
Yes, quite a lot.
Their good fellow fell ill and fell ill,
Young izvoschik...
He asked something, he asked his comrades,
Comrades:
“Oh, you, my brothers, you are friends and comrades,
Comrades!
Do not leave, brothers, my black horses,
Black horses.
And you, brothers, take a deep bow to my father,
Low bow,
To my dear mother petitioner,
Yes to the petitioner,
To the little children, my blessing,
Blessing
I give my young wife a lot of love,
Everything is free."

The song “Steppe and steppe all around” is also most often called Russian folk song. But it has authors of both words and music. Ivan Surikov and S. Sadovsky.
Performed by Lidia Ruslanova

We find the origins of another folk song in the works of Surikov (or are the poems inspired by a folk song? Now we don’t know)

I grew up an orphan
Like a blade of grass in a field;
My youth was passing
Others are in captivity.

I've been since I was thirteen
I walked among people:
Where I rocked the children
Where she milked the cows.

I am of bright joy,
I didn’t see any affection:
Mine is worn out
Beauty has faded.

They wore her out
Grief and bondage;
Know that this is mine
The share was born.

I was born
A beautiful girl
Only God didn’t give it
May I be happy.

Bird in a dark garden
Sings songs
And the she-wolf in the forest
He plays happily.

The bird has a nest
The she-wolf has children -
I have nothing
No one in the world.

Oh, I'm poor, poor,
I'm poorly dressed, -
No one will marry me
And he didn’t take it for it!

Oh you, my share,
Orphan share!
Like wormwood grass,
Bitter aspen!

The most famous lines “I’m good, good...”, which Tatyana Peltzer sang so colorfully here, as we see, are not present at all in the original.

Another national poet is Alexey Koltsov.

Russian song

I loved him
Hotter than day and fire,
How to love others
They will never be able to!

Only with him alone
I lived in the world;
My soul to him,
She gave her life to him!

What a night, what a moon,
When I'm waiting for a friend!
And pale, cold,
I'm freezing, trembling!

Here he comes, singing:
Where are you, my dawn?
Here he takes your hand,
Here he is kissing me!

Dear friend, turn it off
Your kisses!
And without them with you
Fire burns in the blood

And without them with you
The blush burns on the face,
And my chest is worried
And it's boiling hot!

And the eyes shine
A radiant star!
I lived for him -
I loved with my soul!

In a sense, Koltsov was luckier; the texts of his poems in songs have remained practically unchanged.

Don't make any noise, rye, with your ripe ears!
Music by Gurilev, sung by students of the vocal department of the Gnessin Russian Academy of Music,

The exception is perhaps the most famous song based on his poems - “Khutorok”. And even then, it has not been redone, but simply greatly shortened, because... the original poem is quite long.
Sung by Sergei Lemeshev.

There are many songs and romances based on Koltsov’s poems here

There’s one thing it’s absolutely impossible to imagine a Russian person without—it’s without a song. And not at all because everyone lives a cheerful life - this is well explained by the folk wisdom “not even a bird in a cage sings for joy”, “not everyone who sings is cheerful and cries while singing.”
It’s just that song has become an integral part of life since ancient times - both everyday and spiritual.
When a man is born, lullabies are sung to him.
Youth has arrived—it is accompanied by round dances, love songs, and play songs.
And as for the wedding ceremony, almost every gesture of the bride is accompanied by songs.
And how many family songs are heard throughout the Russian expanses from century to century!
And also separately - soldier, Cossack, coachman, street, barge hauler, bandit, prison-slave.
In other words, the songs reflect the whole life of both a person and the people as a whole. It is not for nothing that the people themselves say that “a fairy tale is a fold, and a song is a true story, a fairy tale is a lie, and a song is the truth,” thereby confirming, first of all, the realism of the art of song. Indeed, now, from the lyrics of songs, you can reliably find out how and what a cradle for a child was made of (“wooden, tin ring,” etc.), how roles were distributed in the family, who performed what work, how acquaintance most often took place future husband and wife, why exactly was this attitude towards father-in-law, mother-in-law, sisters-in-law...
And what a treasure trove of historical information - songs about Pugachev and Razin, about military campaigns, about Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great.

There is probably no event in the life of our people that would not be reflected in songs, be it the long-standing yoke (“And it was done in the horde...”), or the conquest of Siberia (“Ermak son Timofeevich was staggering and reeling”), or The Northern War (“Karla writes, writes Swedish”), or the Patriotic War with the French (“About Platov the Cossack”), not to mention such recent ones as the Civil War and the Great Patriotic War.. Re-reading these songs, you understand why N. Gogol called them folk history, full of truth.
Modern researcher S. Lazutin, in an encyclopedic article about song as one of the forms of verbal and musical art, writes that “the most important historical events over the millennium were reflected in the epics and historical songs of the Russian people. One of the central ideas of these song genres is the idea of ​​patriotism, defense of the fatherland.”

But almost all folk songs are patriotic - in the deepest meaning of the word: calendar, lyrical, dance, game - because tradition continues to live in them, the very spirit of folk life is preserved in them. And if today birthing and baptismal songs, carols and carols, Kupala songs and mowing songs, stoneflies and stubble songs are rarely heard, this does not mean at all that they are forgotten as unnecessary. Maybe they were forgotten for a while, but for other reasons. And as soon as any of them starts to sound, the soul will immediately reach out to meet the melody, open up, because it recognizes and feels something familiar. Moreover, Russian songs, like perhaps no other, are multifaceted and multi-genre. For example, one of the best modern experts on Russian ritual songs, Yu. Kruglov, writes: “What was sung and called carols is actually a complex of genres. We can talk about ritual carols, spell carols, magnificence carols and root carols. Among the Maslenitsa songs, one can definitely also highlight ritual, incantatory, magnificence and reproach songs... In round dances they were both magnified and reproached, and playful and lyrical songs were performed in them... All genres of ritual songs are most fully represented in wedding songs.”
Many books and articles have been written about the essence of folk songs, about their patterns and characteristics, about influence and distribution. But this collection is intended primarily for the general reader, who is primarily interested in the texts themselves, because so many beautiful songs have been lost and forgotten over time. Memory is not the most durable thing on earth. Therefore, songbooks were and remain quite popular publications, starting with those that appeared in the eighteenth century, such as “Musical Amusements”, “Collection of Russian Simple Songs with Notes”, “Collection of Various Songs”, “Pocket Songbook, or Collection of the Best Secular and Common Songs” ", "Soldier's Songbook" and others, and ending with those being published now.

When singing folk songs, we, as a rule, do not think about the fact that entire generations of Russian folklorists collected, recorded, and published them precisely in order to preserve them for us and for our grandchildren. What bright personalities are in this glorious galaxy - N. Lvov, P. Rybnikov and P. Kireevsky, A. Sobolevsky and P. Yakushkin, P. Shein, N. Lopatin, V. Prokudin, F. Istomin, S. Lyapunov and many others . Thanks to their truly titanic ascetic work, tens of thousands of texts have found a second life.
The folk song inspired A. Pushkin and M. Lermontov, N. Nekrasov and A. Koltsov, I. Surikov, N. Yazykov and other poets, whose poems then also became folk songs, be it “Don’t make noise, rye” or “Steppe and the steppe all around.”

But doesn’t she still inspire millions of Russians to this day? Not only because “it helps to build and live,” although V. Dal also notes in his dictionary that “it sings merrily, it spins merrily,” but also because it preserves the idea of ​​beauty, kindness, love, honor, friendship; and also - it saves the soul, not letting it forget about flight, about soaring, about wings. And, of course, about the beautiful Russian language, which the song tries to preserve in all its purity and versatility.
The book you are holding in your hands contains songs that represent life in its different forms. As a rule, texts are taken from pre-revolutionary publications. The compiler, without setting the goal of publishing ethnographic materials, still tried to treat the text as carefully as possible. Punctuation has been adjusted to modern requirements where necessary. As for spelling, it is not always possible to completely follow the currently accepted principles, especially in cases where rhythm is involved (for example, “my horse’s word” is hardly worth editing, because “my horse” is already a different rhythm), yes and it is not always necessary, since excessive “modernization” of an old folk song deprives the publication of its meaning. It's like a bouquet of lilacs without any scent.

I hope the reader shares my belief that the song exists to be sung and not recited from sight. Consequently, the text should be practically the same for all potential singers, especially if choral performance is intended.
Arrange folk songs according to any one principle - genre, chronological, thematic, functional, etc. - It's hard enough. Therefore, for convenience, the collection is compiled in such a way that the songs in it “grow up” along with the person - from the cradle to independent life. The book ends with the author's works, a significant part of which over time began to be perceived as folk songs. For reasons of the volume of the book, calendar and historical songs, lamentations and ditties remained outside the scope of this collection, but everything has its time and its books.

From early childhood, hearing a Russian song - sometimes a drawn-out drinking song, sometimes a swashbuckling dance song, sometimes a melodious lyrical one - we ourselves do not notice how it influences our national character.
It’s not for nothing that it was invented - “by whose mind you live, you sing a song.” But is it really so often heard now, Russian folk song, on TV screens, in radio broadcasts, at stadium concerts of modern pop stars? Much less often than I could. Much less than we all need. And if this collection helps someone remember and—God willing—sing a few folk songs, then it was not in vain that it was published. As they say, although you can’t feed a horse with a song, it’s also true that you can’t erase the words from it.

Ivan Pankeyev

LULLABIES
Gray cats
You, you little sleepy sleeper
Sleep and slumber
A dream walks through the hallway
Bye-bye and rye loaf
Bye-bye, go to sleep quickly
Sleep, my dear
Bye-bye
Bye bye, don't break the cradle
And bye-bye-bye
Hush, Little Baby, Do not Say a Word
Kitty cat, gray tail
Tales and tales
And bye-bye-bye, there lived a man on the edge
Ay lyushenki-lyuli

ROUND SONGS
I walked along the perch
Early in the morning, at dawn
Oh you, veyushko
Behind the forest-forest
Like across the river
Like ours at the nobles' gates
Like under a white birch tree
Just like people live in people
The girl has a white face
I'll water, I'll water the onions
There are girls in the garden, there are red girls in the garden
I was walking on the grass
I am young
Red girls came out
Like in Dalitsa, Dalitsa.
Like along a river, along Kazanka.
Katenka asked for leave from her dear father.
Dunya’s mother decided to call home.
On the street, mother, girls dance
It’s just like being in a meadow
This bush is not cute
I walk along the Danube as a child
Gorenka, new gorenka.
From the eastern side.
The falcon flew high, yes high
There's viburnum on the mountain
How the waves beat on the sea
When dollen, flax
Like ours at the gate
The girls were walking in the mountains
There are vines climbing on the mountain,
Beyond, beyond
Two marks this evening
Girls' night, girls' night
Young girl, young girl.
More boats on the sea
The goat jumped into the garden
I was young in the evening, I was at a feast
The girls sowed flax
I have already sowed, sowed flax
On a mountain, on a mountain, on a high
Do you still dare to sing a song?
Will I rise
I will sow quinoa on the shore.
I went from room to room
Mother-in-law has become more fertile than her son-in-law

LOVE SONGS
Oh, if only there were frosts on the flowers
Oh, mother, it's sickening
Mother's hollow water was spilling
The reeds rustled, the trees bent
My sadness, my sadness
Will I sow, baby?
You, my thought, my thought
Because of the forest, the dark forest
Don't blow, the winds are violent
Some are missing, some are sorry
If only I knew, knew
Mother Volga, my dear, flows
Be sad, my lady
You are a wormwood, wormwood
If I were a free bird
The flowers bloomed, bloomed and faded
I can't sleep, the red girl
It’s boring, mother, living alone in the spring
Ah, beautiful girl
Oh, you nights, my nights
Along the street pavement
I went on a spree this evening, good fellow.
Ustinyushka walked along the mountain
Pear, my pear
Tanya walked across the field
Just like Father's Tower
My clearing, clearing
You are my dubrova, dubrova
It's good for him to live in the world
Oh, who would I, oh, my grief
Oh, you winter-winter
The nightingale persuaded the cuckoo
Don't sit, girl, late at night
A dear friend told me and ordered
You can, you can take a walk through the grove
Oh, why are you, why, mountain ash.
Among the field, pole-field
Oh you winds, violent winds
It was spring, red spring
How a fine fellow walks down the street
A good fellow walks along the street
My head hurts
Canary, canary, canary
It was not dust, not a chicken that rose in the field
At sunrise the sun is red
Oh, my dear, you are a beautiful girl.
My heart spoke
The falcon perks up, sitting on the oak tree
In an open field near a valley
It's not a falcon that flies across the sky
Fog, fog in the valley
What are you talking about, bitter cuckoo
It was at dawn, at dawn
The red maiden walked along the bank
I'll go, young, along the valley
My nightingale, nightingale
Kalinushka with raspberries, azure color
The girls were sewing a carpet
Near the river, near the bridge
Are you my side, my side?
Oh you, my stone, reed
Hazy red sun
Oh, why are you, my dear, not sitting happily?
You are my little blue darling, my little white darling
Ahti, grief, melancholy
Your head will hurt, your heart will ache
Girlfriends, darlings
Valley-valley
Through the mountains, and I walked through the mountains
A young girl of seventeen years old
Whether in the garden or vegetable garden:
My dear, good
It's full, sunshine, it's dawning from behind the forest
Oh, the fog was spreading across the street
Like on a hill, on a mountain, on a beauty like this
It’s not rust that eats up all the grass in our swamp.
It’s already evening, I’m a good fellow
A strong berry was born in the forest
I told my dear friend
Are the winds blowing from the field?
Down the Volga River from Nizhny Gorod
A clear falcon flew to my native land
Have fun, girlfriends
Don't sing, don't sing, nightingale
Don't fly, don't fly, my little blue dove
What flowers were blooming, flowers were blooming in the field
Willow, willow, my green one
I didn’t break the Kalinushka
Like a rattlesnake's key
There's a cute little meadow
Like two darlings on an oak tree
The guy manuled the girl
Walked and walked well done
It was in the forests, in the pine forests
My nightingale, loud bird
What was in the bright room
Strands, my spinner, strands, don’t be lazy
My dear sir, my dear father
Far away in an open field
Farewell, Father Irtysh, with steep mountains
The falcon soared high
Oh, not alone, not alone
From under the mountains, young, I come
There's a young man down the street
A poor bird flew into the valley
Down the river, down the fast one
I'm in a quiet, humble conversation
My nightingale, my young nightingale
I'll walk out the gate
It was freezing in the well
Not nice to my dear one
Like a fine fellow walking along the path
You, my gardens, gardens
Oh, captivity, captivity - the boyar's court.
Oh, you little night, dark night
Like in the city of St. Petersburg.
Spend the night with a girl
Isn’t it the dawn, the evening dawn, the dawn has faded
You blow it up, blow it up, rowan ashberry
In the village, the village of Pokrovskoye
Don't fly, falcon, through the new canopy,
Time passes, time flies

WEDDING SONGS
Like a swallow and a killer whale
In the middle was the kingdom of Moscow
Where was the falcon, where was the falcon?
As if on a bridge, bridge
As if on a mountain, mountain
Early in the morning at dawn
There was a bachelorette party the day before
In the field there is a deer with golden antlers
The moon shines over the mountain
Gold pours into gold
On the edge of the blue sea
On the mountain, on the mountain, on high. :
Around Kazan, around the city
You are a stone yakhont
What did the falcon fly?
A falcon flew through the cherry tree
There was a storm in front of the cloud
From the field, field-polishka
How we did this year
Rolled out pearls
At the sea, at the sea spleen.
Oh you apple tree, you apple tree
My heart, you are my heart
Spring water spilled
Little by little, little by little the path is paved
Ay fees, fees Lukeryushkins
It was not the violent winds that inspired
Why didn’t the keys blurt out?
I beg you, beautiful maiden
Through the meadows in spring
I'm off, young lady
Thank you, steamy soap baenka
My frisky legs can't carry me
Thank you, dear dear mother
Now I will raise my clear eyes
Don't be alarmed, the house is a warm nest
Stupid young wild head
Get loose, people, good people.
Lord Jesus Christ Son of God
Full of sleep, time to get up
Glory to God, glory to the Lord
What is sister to dear brother?
Get up, my darlings
In the Kremlin China-town
It was in the garden, in the kindergarten
The weather was rising
Oh smoky, oh smokey

SONGS ABOUT FAMILY LIFE
I walk along the hill and look out the window
My winds, winds, you are violent winds
A peahen flew across the street
A young widow walked and walked
It's been a long time since I visited my father
I came, baby, all the meadows and swamps
They're handing me over to hell
Oh, not raw boron lights up
The sun is moving low
Is it my stripe or stripe?
It's not sleep that's weighing on my head.
It's raining or snowing outside
Eagle at sea
My mother gave me away in marriage
And the gossips drink, the darlings drink
Birch splinter, birch splinter
You are my destiny, my destiny
Go green, go green, my little green garden
Water understood viburnum and raspberries
Pine, young pine
I’m walking near the kindergarten when I’m young.
Past the garden, past the green
Like a gray young drake
Give up, make way, good people
I walk near the river, I’m young
I sleep, little baby, doze off.
Kalina, Kalina, my Kalinushka
Oh, yes, the nightingale has flapped her wings
Like along a small river.
I'll go, I'll go for a walk in the green garden
Oh my hops, hops, cheerful head
Oh, and the widow cried.
When oak is flax, flax
My mother gave me away
I was born a little boy to my mother
There was one path in the field
Oh you, youth, my youth
High, high maple leaf
Pine, pine
I was my mother's beloved daughter,
In an open field, a pole.
At Father's Gate
Through the forests, dark forests
Grape, sweet berry

SOLDIERS AND COSSACK SONGS
.Black Raven
Father and mother had three beloved sons
Along the St. Petersburg, Moscow along the road
Our brave little heads are unforgettable
You bake, bake, red sun
It was not a cuckoo cuckoo cuckooing in the damp forest
It's sickening to live as a widow with orphans
Like a swallow, like a killer whale
You are my curls, my curls
The falcon flew by is not clear
Toril Vanyushka path
How my father gave me in marriage
My dawn, my little dawn
Like the dust in the field has become dusty
There was one, one at my father's, at my mother's
The snow in the open field is not white
My wild little head drank
My curlers curled and curled.
How Vanyushka has a headache
You've lost your breath, you rogue, you're a breeze
My mother gave birth to me
The child was walking along the road
My path, the path is glorious in St. Petersburg
At dawn the heart heard
You are my nights, dark nights
There was a tree in the open field
There is bitter grass in the field, wormwood
A new path blazed
What are the soldiers' victorious little heads.
Are you my side, my side?
As if from the mountains, not from the valleys, the weather is strong
Are you my valley, valley, wide expanse
You're a winter girl, winter
Is it my darling, darling
From the evening, from midnight
Midday weather
Far away you, expanse, in an open field
Oh, poor little soldier heads!
Why are my russian curls curling?
Oh my fogs, my fogs
Not a grass, not a feather grass staggers in the field
Not from clouds, not from thunder, not from the sun
They will sing, the father raised us.
Not a little white birch tree bends to the ground
Like the key was at the fluid
How can no one know about this, no one knows?
Ah, the fog has fallen on the blue sea
Beyond the Urals, beyond the river
Oh, Mother Moscow River
You lance soldiers
Behind the mountains there were high
Not black blueberry turned black
At dawn it was early morning
The sea was slowly turning blue
Our glorious quiet Don was indignant
Like on the glorious Round Lake
Cossacks were coming from the Black Sea

SONGS OF BURLAKS
Yes, you guys, take it together
It’s not the evening dawn, brothers, that has died down
Ah, across the platform, the bridge
Isn't it time for us, brother children?
It was very early in the morning
There is a gate in front of us.
Free bird bird quail glasses

SONGS OF ROBBERS AND PRISONERS
Don't make noise, mother green oak tree.
You are tramps, you are tramps.
You are a rowan and you are curly,
You are an orphan child
Volga, you are Mother Volga
Orphan, you, orphan, bitter orphan
It’s not the feather grass in the field, the grass is staggering
The edge of the path, the edge is wide
Not an epic staggered in an open field
What else are you guys thinking about?
The young clear falcon relaxed
The thief Kopeikin is getting ready
It wasn't far, it was far
What from Nizhny Nova Gorod
Come up, red sun
Are you my orphan, orphan?
On the steppe, the steppe on Saratov
Have I lived with a friend, am I with my friend in conscience
It's your will, my will
Not for the sake of me, good fellow, the prison was built
You, my forests, little forests, dark forests
The falcon used to have a little time.
Good fellows, everyone lives freely
Sing, sing, little lark.
As it happened to me, I understand the falcon, but for a while.
No nightingales whistle loudly in the green forest
All people live like flowers bloom.
You are a villain and a grain addict, a fierce snake
Oh, what are you doing, my blue darling?

AUTHOR'S SONGS THAT BECAME FOLK
Ammosov A. Khas-Bulat, daring
Veltman A. What is foggy, clear dawn
Vyazemsky P. Troika
Glinka F. Troika
Comb E. Black eyes
Greinz R. Cold waves splashing
Davydov D. Glorious sea - sacred Baikal
Zhukovsky V. Ring of the maiden soul
Kozlov I. Evening ringing
Kozlov I. The day wakes up - its beauty
Koltsov A. Oh, why did they hand me over by force?
Koltsov A. Beyond the river on the mountain
Koltsov A. The garden is blooming over the Don
Koltsov A. Don’t make noise, rye
Kugushev V. Don’t wake me up, I’m young
Lermontov M. In the deep gorge of Daryal
Lermontov M. I go out alone onto the road
Lermontov M. Open the prison for me
Lermontov M Sleep, my beautiful baby
Makarov N. The bell rings monotonously
Merzlyakov A. Among the flat valleys
Nekrasov N. I did not walk with a flail in the dense forest.
Nekrasov N. The baby was doing well
Nekrasov N. Troika
Nikitin I. No stake, no yard
Olkhin A. Dubinushka
Pleshcheev A. I grew up in my mother’s hallway
Polonsky Ya. In one familiar street
Polonsky Ya. My fire shines in the fog
Pushkin A. I look like crazy at the black shawl
Pushkin A. Once at midnight
Razorenov A. Don’t scold me, dear
Repninsky Ya. Upstairs, comrades, everyone is in place.
Ryleev K. The storm roared, the rain made noise
Sokolov N. Noisy, Moscow fire was burning
Stromilov S. It’s not the wind that bends the branch
Surikov I. Like the sea in the hour of surf
Surikov I. You are sleeping, you are sleeping, my dear
Surikov I. Steppe and steppe all around
Surikov I. Quietly skinny horse
Trefolev L. When I served as a coachman at the post office
Tsyganov N. Don’t sew to me, mother
Tsyganov N. What are you, nightingale
Yazykov N. From a country, a distant country:
Yazykov N. Our sea is unsociable
Literature
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