Knitting with rope. Nautical knot: how to tie nautical knots, how to tie knitting patterns

Knitting and untangling knots is an activity worthy of a real man, both literally and figuratively, but it is also useful for women. Since childhood, we have heard about the mythical “sea knots”, which few people know how to knit, but no “bows” can compare with them in strength and complexity. Indeed, marine life is unthinkable without knowledge of a certain set of knots, each of which serves a specific purpose and can become an effective tool in the hands of a skilled knotter.

Once upon a time, the skill of a rigger was valued on a par with experienced navigators. Maritime companies were hunting for specialists in knots, and on a ship such a person was valued much more than an ordinary sailor. Today, the skill of tying knots is gradually becoming a thing of the past, but even the most basic skills of this ancient craft - tying sea knots - can prove invaluable in different situations.

Here are 10 knots, which are indispensable both during sea voyages and in everyday life.

Straight knot
This knot was used by the ancient Egyptians three thousand years BC, as well as by the ancient Greeks and ancient Romans. A straight knot is two half-knots sequentially tied one above the other in different directions. If the load on the connected cables is very large or the cables are wet, the knot becomes very tight, but even if it is wet and very tight, it unties very simply, in 1-2 seconds.

Flat knot
It has long been considered one of the most reliable knots for tying cables of different thicknesses. Having eight weaves, the flat knot never gets too tight, does not creep or spoil the cable, since it does not have sharp bends, and the load on the cables is distributed evenly over the knot. After removing the load on the cable, this knot is easy to untie.

Eight
This classic knot forms the basis of a dozen other, more complex knots for various purposes. It can be used as a stopper at the end of a cable (unlike a simple knot, it does not damage the cable even with strong traction and can always be easily untied) or, for example, for the rope handles of a wooden bucket or tub. You can even use a figure eight to fasten strings to the pegs of violins, guitars and other musical instruments.

Portuguese bowline
It is used when you need to tie two loops at one end at once. For example, to lift a wounded person, his legs are threaded into loops, and with the root end (when tying knots, the so-called running ends of the cables are used, and those ends around which the running ends are wrapped are called root ends) a half-bayonet is tied around the chest under the armpits. In this case, the person will not fall out, even if he is unconscious.

Improved Dagger Knot
It is considered one of the best knots for tying two large-diameter cables, since it is very simple in its design and quite compact when tightened. When tightened, the two running ends of both cables stick out in different directions. The dagger knot is easy to untie if you loosen one of the outer loops.

Flemish loop
It is a strong and easily untied loop at the end of the cable, being tied in a figure eight on a cable folded in half. The Flemish loop is suitable for tying on both thick and thin cables. It almost does not weaken the strength of the cable. In addition to marine affairs, it can also be used for fastening strings of musical instruments.

Flemish knot
In fact, this is the same figure eight, but tied at both ends. The Flemish knot is one of the oldest maritime knots, used on ships to connect two cables, both thin and thick. Even when tightly tightened, it does not damage the cable, and it is relatively easy to untie.

Stopper knot
This type of marine knot is designed to increase the diameter of the cable to prevent it from slipping out of the block, as it does not slip and holds securely. To make the locking knot even larger in size (for example, when the diameter of the hole through which the cable passes is much larger than the diameter of the cable), you can tie a knot with three loops. It can also be useful when you need to make a convenient handle at the end of the cable.

Noose
It has long been one of the most indispensable components in the sailing fleet. The noose was used to tie logs in the water for towing; it was used to load cylindrical objects; they loaded rails and telegraph poles. Moreover, this knot, proven by centuries of experience at sea, has long been used on the shore - it’s not for nothing that in many foreign languages ​​it is called a “forest knot” or “log knot.” A noose with half bayonets is a reliable and very strong knot that tightens exceptionally tightly around the object being lifted.

Tying maritime knots on a rope for its practical use is an important issue in maritime practice. First of all, I would like to make a small clarification. In the description of the marine knots presented below, the word “root end” means the stationary end of the cable, and the “running end” means the other, working (moving) end of the cable. In the description of the execution of the nodes, drawings are presented to facilitate study.

1. STRAIGHT KNOT

Performance. The ends of the connected cables are wrapped around one another, bent in opposite directions (Fig. 1, a) and tied as shown in Fig. 1, b.
The tightened knot is shown in Fig. 1, c.

Application. A straight knot is used when tying cables of approximately the same thickness.
When there are large loads on the connected cables, as well as when the cables get wet, the straight knot is very tight. To prevent excessive tightening, a wooden insert is inserted into the loops of the knot.

2. REEF KNOT

Performance. A reef knot is tied in the same way as a straight one, but one of the running ends of the knot is inserted into the corresponding loop folded in half (Fig. 2, a, b). Thanks to this, the reef knot can be easily untied if necessary. A tightened reef knot is shown in Fig. 2, c.

Application. A reef knot is used to tie the ends of reef lines when taking reefs on sails. This unit is used when securing the pins of covers of ship's boats, compasses, and deck mechanisms; and in other cases when a reliable but quickly untied knot is required.

3. DOUBLE STRAIGHT KNOT

Performance. The end of one of the connected cables is wrapped twice around the other, then the ends of the cables are bent towards each other (Fig. 3, a) and the initial operation is repeated (Fig. 3, 6). After this, the knot is tightened and the ends are secured with a shimushgar or a thin line (Fig. 3, c).

4. FLAT KNOT

Performance. It is convenient to tie a flat knot with the cables laid out on the deck. One of the connected cables (thicker) is laid in the form of a loop (Fig. 4, a). The end of the other cable is brought under the loop (Fig. 4, b) and sequentially passed above the main, but below the running end of the thick cable (Fig. 4, c). Then the thin cable is passed on top of the loop of the thick cable, but under its root part (Fig. 4, d). Thus, a thin cable forms the same loop as a larger diameter cable. The running ends of both cables are tied with half bayonets and secured with a thin line, skimushgar or heel. A tied flat knot is shown in Fig. 4, d.

Application. A flat knot is used when tying cables of different diameters. It can also be used to tie together cables of uniform thickness, especially in cases where the cables are subject to heavy tension or wet conditions.

5. SIMPLE BAYONET

Performance. The running end of the cable, wound by a pole, biteng or eye (Fig. 5, a), is enclosed around the root part of the cable and passed into the loop formed (Fig. 5, b). In this form, the knot is called a half-bayonet. Next, the running end is once again tied around the cable with a half-bayonet (Fig. 5, c) and firmly secured with a thin line or skimushgar. The tied knot is shown in Fig. 5, g. From the given figures it is clear that with a correctly tied knot, the close-to-close hoses of the half-bayonets form a bleached knot.

Application. A simple bayonet is used for attaching mooring ropes to mooring devices, temporary guy lines to slings, as well as when attaching the guy ropes of cargo booms to the eyelets (butts).

6. BAYONET WITH SLAGE

Performance. The running end of the cable is wrapped twice around the mooring device (Fig. 6, a), after which it is tied to the root part of the cable with half-bayonets and secured with a thin line or skimushgar (Fig. 6, e).
As can be seen from the figures, a bayonet with a hose differs from a simple bayonet only in that it has an additional hose that covers the object.

Application. A bayonet with a hose is used when fastening mooring ropes, guy ropes of cargo booms and in many other cases.

7. BAYONET WITH BACK

Performance. The end of the cable is passed from bottom to top through the eye (Fig. 7, a), passed under the cable and again threaded into the eye, but in the opposite direction (Fig. 7, b). Then the running end is tied to the root part of the cable with a half-bayonet and secured with a thin line or skimushgar.
The completed node is shown in Fig. 7, c.

Application. A bayonet with a skid is used when fastening mooring ends to eyelets or bits, fastening cables to the brackets of ropes and when applying safety nets to cargo hatches. Often used in practice.

8. FISHING BAYONET

Performance. The end of the cable is threaded twice into the eye (Fig. 8, a), then carried around the root part of the cable and passed into both loops formed, tightening them with a half-bayonet (Fig. 8, b). After the formation of the second half-bayonet (Fig. 8, c), the end is attached to the root part of the cable with a thin line or skimushgar (Fig. 8, d).

Application. Using a fisherman's bayonet, the ropes are tied to the anchor brackets and the ends of the cable when placing safety nets on the cargo hatches. A fishing bayonet is used in all cases where it is necessary to secure the cable with a reliable and easily untieable knot.

9. TYING CABLES WITH BAYONETS

Performance. Tying cables with bayonets can be done in two ways. The end of one of the cables is folded into a loop and secured to the root part with two or three half-pins; the end of the second cable is inserted into the loop, which is also tied at the root part with half bayonets; the ends of the cables are secured with a thin line or shimushgar. This method of tying cables is shown in Fig. 9, a, b, c.

Alternatively, the end of one of the cables is attached with three half-pins to the second cable, and the end of the second cable covers the first cable with half-pins. This method of tying cables is shown in Fig. 9, g, d.

10. SELECTION UNIT

Performance. The running end of the cable is carried around the object, crossed over the applied hose (Fig. 10, a), again carried around the object in the original direction and brought under the crossing hose (Fig. 10, b). The tightened knot is shown in Fig. 10, c.
In some cases, a bleached knot is tied in a different way: holding the cable in your hands, make two pegs on it (Fig. 10, d, e), put them on the object (Fig. 10, f) and tighten the knot (Fig. 10, g) .

Application. The tapping knot is one of the most reliable, highly tightened knots. It is used when tying ropes to shrouds, for attaching temporary guy lines to a sling when working with beams of cargo hatches, when lifting hoses for drying and in many other cases, especially when tying cables to objects that have a smooth and even surface (catching anchors, mop rods, etc.). In addition, the bleaching unit is used when attaching the throwing end to the mooring rope. In the latter case, the knot is supplemented with a loop.

11. LOCKING BAYONET

Performance. A sliding bayonet, often called a tapping knot with a hose, is tied as follows: the running end of the cable is carried around the object twice, both hoses are crossed (Fig. 11, a), carried around the object one more time and passed under the crossing hose (Fig. 11, b ). The tightened knot is shown in Fig. 11, c. Thus, the sliding bayonet differs from the tapping unit only in that it has not two, but three hoses enclosing the object.

Application. A sliding bayonet is used when lifting spar parts, logs, boards, etc.

12. Seatless unit

Performance. A small peg is made on the cable (Fig. 12, a). The end of the cable is passed into the peg (Fig. 12, b), carried around the root part of the cable and passed into the peg again, but in the opposite direction (Fig. 12, c). The tightened knot is shown in Fig. 12, g.

Application. The gazebo knot is used when attaching a safety cable around a person’s belt when working on the mast and overboard; the knot is also used instead of a fire when attaching a cable to a hook, biting or bollard, since the loop of the arbor knot is not tightened regardless of the load on the cable. One of the most necessary nodes.

13. DOUBLE SEAT UNIT

Performance. At some distance from the end of the double-folded cable, a double-hung peg is made (Fig. 13, a). The loop-shaped running end of the cable is inserted into it (Fig. 13, b), which is then expanded and carried around the unit. The knot is tightened so that its loops have different sizes.
A double gazebo knot can be tied in another way: a single gazebo knot is tied on the cable (see paragraph 12), after which the running end of the cable is drawn parallel to itself, forming a second loop and a second hose peg.

Application. A double arbor knot is used instead of a arbor when working on masts and overboard, with the larger loop of the knot serving as a seat, and the smaller one covering the body under the arms.

14. KALMYK KNOT

Performance. The root part of the cable is carried around the running end (Fig. 14, a, b), after which the running end is folded in half and inserted into the resulting peg (Fig. 14, c, d). The tightened knot is shown in Fig. 14, d. To untie the knot, just pull the running end.

Application. The Kalmyk knot is used when feeding various tools, buckets, brushes and other objects onto masts, pipes and overboard; the knot is also used when tying the throwing end to the mooring line.

15. WELDING UNIT

Performance. On the cable, in the place where the knot is supposed to be tied, a small peg is made (Fig. 15, a), into which a folded cable is inserted (Fig. 15, b). The tightened pile assembly is shown in Fig. 15, c.

Application. The welding unit is used when supplying various tools (piles, brushes, etc.) to those working on the mast or overboard and when tightening a line or skimushgar during the application of a cage, benzel, mark. In addition, the piling unit is used when securing cables to stops placed between the side and the berth while the vessel is moored. The last case of using a welding unit is illustrated in Fig. 15, g.

16. CLEAVE KNOT

Performance. The running end of the cable is passed from the bottom up into the thimble (fire, loop), carried around its neck clockwise (Fig. 16, a) and passed between the thimble and the root part of the cable (Fig. 16, b). The tightened knot is shown in Fig. 16, c.

Application. The clew knot is used when tying cables, one of which has a rope or thimble, and when tying various gear (for example, a sheet, a halyard) into a thimble or krengel. In addition, halyards are tied to signal and other flags using a clew knot. The clew knot tied into the thimble is reliable only when the cable is taut. It cannot be used if the cable is attached to a large thimble or to a hard fire.

17. FRONT KNOT

Performance. The end of the cable is inserted into the thimble (Fig. 17, a) and carried twice around the neck of the thimble under the root part of the cable (Fig. 17, b, c). The tightened knot is shown in Fig. 17, g.

Application. The clew knot is used in the same cases as the clew knot, but it is more reliable and is used when working with sails, rigging and anchor chains. The use of the node in the latter case is shown in Fig. 17, d, f, g.

18. garrote

Performance. The running end is wrapped around an object (log, spar, etc.) and the root part of the cable, and then wrapped several times around the hose placed on the object (Fig. 21, a, b). The tightened knot is shown in Fig. 18, c. To increase the strength of the unit, it is supplemented with a separate hose (Fig. 18, d). In this case, the knot is called a noose with a hose.

Application. The noose is used when towing logs, lifting logs and other objects on board a ship, and when installing a spar.

19. PROTRACTING NOZZLE

Performance. The cable is laid in the form of two loops of the same size (Fig. 19, a). Both loops are wrapped four to five times with the running end of the cable (Fig. 19, b), after which the running end is passed into the loop facing the root part of the cable and clamped in it. The finished unit is shown in Fig. 19, f. The knot is easily untied if you pull the root part of the cable.

Application. The "tightening noose" knot is used when temporarily securing a cable to floating objects (logs, boards, etc.) or when throwing a cable over the leg of a spar.

20. HUNT KNOT

Performance. The end of the cable enclosed around the back of the hook (Fig. 20, a) is placed in the hook (Fig. 20.6) and covered on top with the root part of the cable (Fig. 20, e). The running end is secured with a thin line or shimushgar. The hook knot can be tied in any part of the cable.

Application. The hook knot is used when securing thick cables to the hook. The unit can withstand only relatively small loads on the cable.

21. TOWING UNIT

Performance. On the free part of the towing rope laid in the hook, a small loop is made (Fig. 21, a). It is carried out under the tow rope and put on the hook (Fig. 21, b). Next, the cable is looped onto the hook on the right side, then again on the left, etc. (Fig. 21, c, d). The running end of the cable (tug) is secured with a line or skimushgar (Fig. 21, e).

Application. The towing unit is used when securing the towing rope to a hook or biting. It makes it possible to quickly release or pick up a tow rope. This unit is also used when securing mooring lines and other cables to the biting.

22. KNOT \"CAT'S FEET\"

Performance. The end of the double-folded cable is pulled down so that two loops are formed (Fig. 22, a), which are then simultaneously twisted several times in opposite directions (Fig. 22, b) and put on the hook (Fig. 22, c).

Application. The "cat's paw" knot is used to reduce the length of the sling (Fig. 22, d). It should be borne in mind that this knot allows you to reduce the length of the sling relatively slightly.

23. UNIT FOR REDUCING ROPE LENGTH

Performance. The shortened cable is folded in three, forming two loops (Fig. 23, a), after which each of the loops of the knot is pulled together with a half-bayonet and fastened to the cable with a line, skimushgar or heel (Fig. 23, b).

24. KNOT \"EIGHT\"
(first option)

Performance. At the end of the cable, a small loop is made (Fig. 24, a), into which the running end enclosed around the cable is passed (Fig. 24, b). The tightened knot is shown in Fig. 24, c.

Application. A figure eight is tied at the ends of tackles or laps so that they do not slip out of the blocks.

25. KNOT \"EIGHT\"
(second option)

Performance. This knot differs from the previous one in that the end of the cable that is passed into the loop is first wrapped around the root part of the cable not once, but twice. The execution of the node is shown in Fig. 25, a, b, c.

Application. See the use of the figure eight knot (first option).

26. STOP KNOT

The stopper is placed on the cable with two hoses (Fig. 26, a, b), after which the running end of the stopper is wrapped two to four times around the cable in the direction of traction, shown in the figures by the arrow, and secured to it with a line or skimushgar (Fig. 26, c ). The stopper can be placed on the cable not only against the descent of the cable, as shown in the previous figures, but also in the direction of descent (Fig. 26, d).

As a stopper for steel cables, a rigging rope is used, which is applied to the cable in the same way as a stopper made from a plant cable (Fig. 26, e). For chains, a special stopper is used, which consists of a short cable with a hook and a button at the ends. This stopper is attached to the chain using a line (Fig. 26, e).

27. ATTACHING THE ROPE TO THE BOLLDS

A mooring or towing rope attached to the bollards is passed between the bollard bollards and then alternately drawn around them in the form of a figure eight (Fig. 27, a, b, c). Practice shows that in order to securely fasten the cable, it is necessary to apply three to five hoses - figure eights - to the bollards.

For the same purpose, the upper hoists of the cable placed on the bollards are fastened with a strong line or skimushgar, and the ends of the line (skimushgar) must be connected with a reef knot (Fig. 27, d, e). In Fig. 27, f, g, h, i, and also 27, j, show two ways of securing the cable on the so-called cross bollards.

28. BOAT UNIT

Performance. The running end of the cable is threaded into the bow eye of the boat (or attached to the eye with the help of a shimushgar) and passed under the first can. Then the running end is carried around the second can (Fig. 28, a), passed over the cable, crossing it, and again passed under the can. After this, the end of the cable is folded into a loop and placed under the hose surrounding the can (Fig. 28, b). A tied boat knot is shown in Fig. 28, v.

Application. The boat knot is used to secure the cable when placing the boat on the backstrap or when towing it.

Instructions

See what exactly you need to knit and for what purpose. Think about whether you will untie this knot later, and whether it is important for you that it does not get tightened in the process. For ropes of the same thickness, any knots are suitable. If one piece of cord is much thicker than the other, use a counter knot or figure eight knot.

Fold the end of the thicker cord into a figure eight. Lay the cord flat, then bend the end you want to tie into a loop, pass it over the main part of the cord, then under it. You will have two loops. Lead the end of the cord parallel to the main part into the loop that was formed first. Do not tighten the knot yet.

Insert the end of the second cord into the first loop. Then pass it, exactly repeating the bends of the first rope. Pull it through the second loop. Tighten the knot. This is a very reliable knot that does not unravel and does not creep under heavy loads. It has one drawback - it takes some time to tie.

A bramble knot is also suitable for ropes of different thicknesses. It also knits up pretty quickly. It is enough to make loops at the ends to be tied and connect them, as shown in the figure. This unit is very reliable under constant loads, but sometimes creeps under variable loads. Before tying cords on which someone’s safety depends, do not forget to make a control knot and check it for loads.

The clew knot is similar to the front clew knot, but it is suitable for connecting ropes of the same thickness. It consists of three elements - a central unit and two side ones. For the central knot, make 2 loops and connect them as shown in the picture. Side knots are formed by loops that are made on one of the cords and wrap around the other.

If it is important for you that the knot is not only strong, but also beautiful, learn how to knit “grapevine”. Don't be discouraged if it doesn't work out right away, some skill is required to complete this knot. Around one end of the cord, make 2 turns of the spiral from the second. Pass the end of the spiral into the resulting loops so that it runs parallel to the first cord. Then, through the loops, pull the other end of the same cord upwards away from you. This ancient sea knot looks as if one cord is simply wound around another. However, it is quite difficult to untie it.

To tightly connect, for example, synthetic fishing line, a “snake” knot is suitable. It is virtually untied, but does require some practice. Place the cords crosswise. Bend the end of one into a wide loop, wrap this cord in a spiral several times around the second. Make the same loop from the free end of the second cord, then wrap the free end around the first in the same way. Tighten the knot.

In tourism, sometimes a person cannot do without a rope. Yes, this thing seems simple. But sometimes it adds so much comfort that it is impossible to imagine your life without it. It can be useful in a huge number of cases. If you need to dry your sleeping bags, a rope will help you.

She will also be a friend in building a rain shelter. And these are just standard tasks. And how many other, more unique cases are there in which rope can become an indispensable tool! Moreover, it is also convenient. But you need to know how to use it. And one of the aspects that is associated with ropes is tying the right tourist knots.

This article contains the simplest, but at the same time useful links. They will be able to solve most of the problems on tourist trips.

There are many ways to tie two ropes of the same thickness.

How to knit joints for ropes of different lengths?

Tourists have situations when they need to make one big rope out of several small ropes. In this case, you need to use these methods.

How to secure a rope to a rigid base?

A hard base can be whatever your heart desires. These are usually vertical oblong objects such as trees or stakes. This is an excellent basis for tying a knot, which is used by a large number of tourists.

A fairly good way to tie a rope on a rigid base is a bayonet due to its simplicity. This connection is a rigid loop that is not only easy to tie, but also untied. Given connection requires control nodes, but they can be replaced using an additional “half bayonet”. If, for example, you don’t want the connection to slide along the base, then a “noose” knot is good.

In everyday life, we often encounter the need to pack, secure or tie something. Usually in such a situation we pick up a string and begin to enthusiastically come up with unimaginable designs from knots, twists and weaves, which are then absolutely impossible to untangle. So let's learn how to tie a few more popular knots.

Gazebo knot

This is one of the main knots with which the bow string has been attached since ancient times. It is sometimes called the king of knots for its simplicity and versatility. Used to obtain a non-tightening (!) loop at the end of a straight rope, for attaching a rope to rings or eyes, for tying ropes.

Simple bayonet

The “Simple Bayonet” knot also allows you to tie a non-tightening loop, and it is used mainly in those places that require particularly reliable fastening. For example, such units have long been used in the navy to secure mooring lines to mooring fixtures, to secure towing ropes and heavy loads, and so on.

Tautline

If you need to tie something, but subsequently be able to adjust the length of the rope, then a special knot will come to the rescue, allowing you to easily change the size of the loop. It is especially often used by tourists for setting up tents and stretching awnings.

Eight

This is a traditional knot used whenever you need to attach something to a rope. It is easy to knit, it can withstand heavy loads, and later such a knot can be quite easily untied to free the rope.

The Figure Eight knot has two options. The first is used in cases where you have one free end. It looks quite complicated, but once you figure out the sequence of actions just once, everything will work out by itself.

The second option can be used when both ends of the rope are free. This knot is so simple that you can tie it with your eyes closed, and at the same time it is completely secure.

Driver node

A truly legendary knot that has many different names and even more practical applications. This knot is used in construction work, during transportation, in tourism and other cases when you need to secure something tightly and firmly.

For those readers who find it difficult to navigate the animated drawings, there are additional instructions containing static photos of each step. You can find it at this link.

What other nodes do you consider practically useful and necessary to master?