Топик Global Problems of Today. Конспект урока по английскому языку на тему "глобальные проблемы человечества" Глобальные проблемы земли на английском

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As participants of a global society, we should keep ourselves educated about the current environmental issues that affect us all. Many of these issues are global and have the ability to escalade rapidly. World leaders are well aware of these problems. Problems like peak oil, global hunger, global warming, extinction of species, and many more are making headlines around the world.

In this article, I have selected 5 major global issues that are relevant today and are threatening our global society. Although each of the issues mentioned below are equally serious, some of these issues might be more relevant to you than for other readers. They are not in any particular order, but should be given equal attention.

1. Extinction of wild animals

4. Economic collapse

The American government spends about 3.8 trillion dollars and produces about 2.2 trillion dollars annually. To make up for this deficit, our government borrows the difference in the form of government bonds from investors and banks. Some of these are foreign banks. Currently, the government owes about 14 trillion dollars in bonds and interests. So instead of raising taxes or cutting down government spending, America chooses to add money into circulation, which is causing inflation and bringing down the value of the dollar. In fact, we are currently recovering from the biggest inflation event in history. This inflation is causing global inflation because the corporations who were counting on money from America are not receiving this money.

5. Global warming

Global warming is considered to be one of the most dangerous threats that our culture has ever faced. Global warming is responsible for catastrophic weather events, water shortages, crop failures, changes in cloud formation patterns, ocean current, sea-level rise, and many other climatic changes. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, CFC, and other green house gases are responsible for these negative effects. When these gases get trapped in our atmosphere, they tend to cause the global temperature to rise, melt the ice caps, and deplete the protective ozone layer of the atmosphere.

Humans are arguably playing a major role in the destruction of Mother Nature’s systems and inherent balance. To fight against pollution, we will need to change our way of thinking and extent to how we consume resources. If we do not take any action against pollution, we will continue to alter the chemical composition of this planet and compromise the stability and sustainability of life itself.

So what do you think? Please let us know your thoughts on global issues and sustainability issues. Thanks for being our valuable visitor.

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Test 16

Глобальные проблемы современности

Раздел 2. (задания по чтению)

Limited natural resources
Unequal financial resources
Our obligation before future
Against the east
Nuclear weapons
Climate change
Religious world of today
Women’s rights

A. The earth is ours to use as we please without regard for the future, for our children, for the earth itself. We must reassume our historical responsibility for our children’s future by protecting their heritage. The reckless anarchy of the exploitation of the earth must be replaced by responsible dialogue among the users, and among the governments of the earth. At present, we have a gathering of the Big 7 or 8 on how to manage the world to their own advantage. Such a dialogue, however, brings up questions of justice and fairness in the allocation of the resources of the earth. A new protocol must be worked out whereby the universal declaration of human rights is more than a God’s wish-list that is lost in the fight of big corporations to use the resources of the earth.

B. The oil, the water, the old growth forests are all limited resources. They must be conserved for the most important future uses. Oil is necessary for the operation of all sorts of machinery, yet it is not being conserved but endlessly pumped out of the earth and sold to the highest prices. Drinkable water, too, is increasing rare; indeed, it is sold in stores for the same price of colas. But underground water is needed for crops, and the underwater reserves are running out. Here, national and international management are required.

C. We are faced with the problem of Global Terrorism which has been called the shadow of the process of Globalization. As the world is becoming one place, so it is that the effects of terrorism have global effects. Also it may be understood that the causes of this global terrorism are likewise global in nature, with disaffected individuals and groups caught up in ideologies of global scope and participating in causes that go beyond international and even inter-continental barriers. We see this particularly in the Muslim world, where issues in Palestine, Bosnia, Afghanistan or Iraq can mobilize people on the other side of the world to want to make interventions.

D. Global poverty and hunger are increasing each year instead of decreasing. The agricultural land of the earth is owned by fewer and fewer people. Much of what is left in the hands of small farmers is being bought up by international agribusinesses - by multinational corporations distant from land but close to big money. The big oil, the pharmaceutical companies, the media conglomerates, the insurance companies, including medical insurance have more influence on government policies than the poor or even the general population. Government policies seem more oriented to maintaining the economy than in the economic and physical well-being of their populations.

E. Another major problem that looms on the horizon and one that probably is already upon us and exerting its effects, is the phenomenon of Global Warming. It can be argued endlessly whether Global Warming is man-made or whether it’s a natural phenomenon, however the empirical evidence certainly shows that Global Warming is indeed occurring. This is made manifest in the melting glaciers and polar ice caps, the increase in hurricane activity (with category 4 and 5 hurricanes, the most intense, doubling in frequency over the past 50 years), changing rainfall patterns and of course the actual increases in measured surface temperatures.

F. It seems that the danger posed by an arsenal of 50,000 missiles in Russian and America is less today than 15 or 20 years ago when Jonathan Schell’s The Fate of the Earth saw catastrophe on the horizon and a real possibility of giving the earth back to the insects and grasses. The cold war between Russia and the U.S. has thawed, but the proliferation of weapons goes on, and the growing masses of nuclear waste. Why? Because the military ways of thinking go on, the national security imperative still drives small countries to spend most of their small budget on weapons instead of social programs. We need to outgrow the dangerous and costly structures of thinking that are our legacy from modernity. Instead of endless debates, we need dialogue and negotiations-not just in Ireland, Russia, East Timor, Pakistan, the Balkans, the Middle East-but in the United Nations about the natural resources, power concentrations, poverty, human rights of the populations of the world.

G. The UN system continues to give particular attention to the issue of violence against women. The 1993 General Assembly Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women contained “a clear and comprehensive definition of violence against women and a clear statement of the rights to be applied to ensure the elimination of violence against women in all its forms”. It represented “a commitment by States in respect of their responsibilities, and a commitment by the international community at large to the elimination of violence against women”.

Peter the Great

Born in Moscow, Russia on June 9, 1672, Peter the Great was a Russian czar in the late 17th

Simple Solutions to Global Problems

What if the answers to global crises - from devastating hurricanes to the malaria epidemic to global warming - were simple and relatively inexpensive?

Journalist Stephen Dubner and economist Steven Levitt, the authors of "SuperFreakonomics," say that throughout history, ’cheap and simple fixes’ often solved the world’s biggest problems.

Take the medical crisis that more than 50 years ago frightened every American child and nearly broke the American health care system. The problem was polio, and the solution was not more hospitals or more efficient iron lungs that would make breathing easier. The answer was a vaccine.

“Polio’s just one of thousands of examples like that, where a simple solution will prevent so much heartache going down the road,” Dubner said.

The "SuperFreakonomics" duo argue that it"s no different in modern times. “We love to think the world is terrible and difficult, and that it’s much worse now than it’s ever been. But the fact of the matter is that’s almost always wrong” Dubner said. “The world is actually better now than it ever was and all the unsolvable problems that appear keep getting solved.”

Intellectual Ventures, a company in Bellevue, Wash., has been in the business of solving global problems since 2000. The self-proclaimed invention company uses inventions from some of the smartest scientists, mathematicians, software engineers and patent experts in the world, including Nathan Myhrvold, the former chief technology officer at Microsoft.

“Our only job is to invent. And so we try to swing for the fences and try to solve really big problems. And sometimes we do!” Myhrvold said.

Although their ideas are sometimes strange and outrageous, Intellectual Ventures currently ranks in the top 50 among companies that file patents worldwide. Myhrvold said the key components are “simple, and cheap and effective. And when you’re lucky and when things are going all right, you can come up with an idea that’s all of them.”

A 7 The solutions of all global problems are not expensive .

A 8 The American medical system was ruined about fifty years ago.