What is Anna Scherer's salon. Salon A.P. Scherer in War and Peace. Brief description of personality

The epic novel by Leo Tolstoy "War and Peace" begins with a description of the salon where the most influential people gather and discuss pressing political and economic problems. It is in this part of the novel that the author sets priorities, expresses his attitude towards such people. A summary of the novel can be read on the Uchim.Guru website, because it is quite difficult to immediately recall all the events that took place in the epic. This site helps students to explain the complex in simple and understandable words.

Anna Pavlovna Scherer is a lady-in-waiting (maiden of noble birth) and close associate of Empress Maria Feodorovna. The meaning of her life is the maintenance of the salon. The novel begins with a salon scene, meaning the reader is introduced to all the important characters here. Anna Pavlovna always has a restrained smile on her face, but this is just a mask under which she hides her true emotions. She is very impulsive, she says what she thinks, sometimes it is even difficult to stop her. She even reproaches the prince for having raised his children poorly. In fact, she had no right to do so.

All the nobility of St. Petersburg come to the salon of Anna Pavlovna. She introduces her elderly aunt to everyone, and those present begin to bow, crumble in greetings. It looked very hypocritical, under other circumstances (if it had not been a reception at Anna Pavlovna, for example), no one would have paid attention to this old woman.

The woman sat almost alone for the rest of the evening. Scherer even distributed bows by rank, for example, she bowed to Pierre Bezukhov as people of the lower hierarchy. When Pierre expressed his thoughts, she cut him off. Anna Pavlovna adhered only to her own opinion and considered others to be absolutely unfaithful and stupid. She found fault with Pierre all evening.

Visitors to the salon are also noble nobles to match Anna Pavlovna. Only Pierre was different from all these people.

The conversation between Prince Vasily and Anna Pavlovna clearly makes clear the character of the characters. Anna Pavlovna is a shameless woman who imagines herself to be an expert on human souls and dares to criticize the prince because his sons are not what she would like them to be. She even says that it would be better for you, prince, not to have children at all.

The prince presented himself in this communication with the maid of honor as a ladies' man who agreed with everything she said. He has no opinion of his own.

It was not in vain that Leo Tolstoy put this episode at the very beginning of the novel, so that readers could imagine the true essence of the heroes of the novel without masks, since the conversation between them was quite frank.

One of the secondary characters of the work is Anna Pavlovna Sherer, presented by the writer in the image of the owner of a fashionable St. Petersburg salon in high society circles.

Anna Pavlovna is described in the novel as a lady-in-waiting close to the imperial court, a woman aged forty, who has a good education and is fluent in French. Despite this, Anna Scherer does not have a brilliant mind and is prone, like all ladies of the court, to intrigues and all sorts of gossip, but to some extent she is dexterous, sweet, distinguished by superficial logic and a secular sense of humor.

Salon Scherer is one of the most visited establishments in the capital, where political news in the country is discussed, as well as various interesting events of secular society. Thanks to the natural tact and hospitality of Anna Pavlovna, the guests of the salon respect the lovely hostess and tend to visit her establishment more often.

Scherer is characterized by the writer as a cynical, hypocritical woman who does not have her own views and follows only a tribute to the momentary fashion. Anna Pavlovna considers visitors to her salon as another interesting "dish", demonstrating superficial, simulated feelings and the absence of a lively sincere natural conversation. Having created in the eyes of others the idea of ​​himself as a true patriot of the motherland, Scherer deftly and with great enthusiasm manipulates the guests of his salon.

During the period of military battles on the Borodino field, pseudo-patriotic conversations are conducted in the Scherer salon, in which the main gossips of the capital take part. Anna Pavlovna, as the hostess of the salon, disguises dirty news under the guise of decent words, trying to look like an ideal of tact and good education, demonstrating ostentatious loyalty and devotion to the country and the emperor. Participating in salon conversations, Scherer is distinguished by secular chatter, hypocritical words about love for his native land, expressed using elegant French, which clearly indicates that in the event of the victory of the French army and the capture of Moscow, no changes are expected in the salon of Anna Pavlovna Scherer , except for the topics of conversations, which are already tuned in a completely different way.

Using the image of Anna Pavlovna Scherer in the epic novel, among other numerous heroes of the work, the writer, using the example of a high society lioness, depicts the moral face of the true representatives of the aristocratic nobility of the early nineteenth century.

Option 2

In the work "War and Peace" Leo Tolstoy created a wonderful original world of characters, each of which is the personification of something from our life, and Anna Pavlovna Sherer was no exception.

Anna Pavlovna is an aged woman who loves to hold aristocratic receptions and meet new people. She often spends time in a noble company in order to make good connections for herself, which in the future may help her in one way or another. In general, in her image, notes of an aristocratic personality of the old type are clearly visible, which is known for the fact that for people of this type there is nothing more important than what people think of them, in what light they appear.

Anna Pavlovna is from such a category of people. At her evenings, she often discusses topics with guests from the most primitive to the sublime, although she understands absolutely nothing about them, which makes one think about the hypocritical side of her personality. You can also see how at first she says one thing to one person, and then to the next she says something completely opposite in meaning to what was said earlier. She used to deceive people for her own selfish goals, achieving them in every possible way.

I believe that Leo Tolstoy made her, as it were, the personification of the manifestation of the aristocracy of the nineteenth century. In it, he revealed all those sinful things that destroy a person and his personality as a whole. This is clearly visible, both in the image of the character, and in the whole work as a whole. Tolstoy clearly emphasized precisely this.

Also in her image, the author revealed other topics that relate to our simple human everyday life. Such themes as patriotism, the meaning of life, the theme of love and devotion, all these themes found their place in the image of Anna Pavlovna Sherer. The same theme of patriotism is revealed in it from a completely different angle. Although she makes fiery speeches glorifying the sovereign at her receptions, all this is covered hypocrisy, since in fact she fundamentally disagrees with him and his principles and actions. The theme of love is revealed in her as not exciting at all, since she is used to being alone. And the theme of the meaning of life is revealed throughout the work. For her, the meaning is to build her own life, which she wants to make the most simple and easy for herself.

Composition about Anna Pavlovna Sherer

In the novel by L.N. Tolstoy, the threads and destinies of people of various characters, morals, and social status are intertwined. But all the characters require a closer look and detailed analysis for the most complete picture of the entire work.

In this essay, we will talk about one of the secondary heroines of the novel - Anna Pavlovna Sherer. Her name catches our eye from the very first pages of the novel. Anna Pavlovna is the mistress of a secular salon. Not all people could visit her salon. In addition, the woman was close to the Empress Maria Feodorovna. Initially, it seems to the reader that Anna Pavlovna sincerely and genuinely experiences emotions, it seems that she is the most devoted maid of honor of the Empress. Her speeches are filled with patriotism, faith in justice and admiration.

But later it turns out that this is just a well-created image. Existence was very important for her, his activity really brought her great pleasure. Yes, and she herself fit very well into the role of his mistress. She possessed a sense of tact, a sense of humor characteristic of the higher strata, a lively mind and other necessary qualities.

The inconsistency of her character is evidenced by her behavior at the moment when Pierre Bezukhov came to the salon and became interested in the events taking place with genuine interest, which alarmed the woman very much. Only at the moment when Pierre left the salon, she breathed a sigh of relief.

Also in Tolstoy's novel, Anna Pavlovna appears on the day the Battle of Borodino begins. Scherer enthusiastically told the guests about the latest gossip.

Anna Pavlovna Sherer is a rather hypocritical and insincere woman, she does not have her own points of view, authorities, all this is determined only by those who are talking to her at the moment, what they want to hear directly, the interlocutor. She discusses each of her guests with other guests, all her fiery speeches about love for the motherland, about patriotism are false. This is evidenced at least by the fact that at a time when there was almost no threat to Russia and at the end of the Battle of Borodino, she speaks all the same invariable patriotic speeches.

L. N. Tolstoy draws the Russian aristocracy in the person of Anna Pavlovna. The main role in the victory over the French belongs to the common people. Thanks to his genuine interest in the fate of the people, Russia was able to withstand and defeat the French.

Sample 4

In his work, Tolstoy writes about many topics that, one way or another, are reflected in our lives. Without a doubt, such a great work, one way or another, can be interpreted in different ways, passing from person to person, but one thing is clear for sure - the work carries more meaning and depth than it might seem at first glance. It contains a huge number of characters who in one way or another reveal some problem, most often the problem of the time about which the work is written. One of these characters and their images is the character Anna Scherer.

From the work we learn that Anna Scherer is one of the close associates of the Empress, who, in turn, treats her well. This is understandable, because Anna Scherer is a rather cunning intriguer whose purpose in life is only to achieve her own selfish goals, the methods of achieving which are not important. Scherer's character is two-faced, and, as a rule, she changes her character from case to case, thereby rubbing herself into the trust of any person whom she deems necessary for her purposes. Since she more often appreciates the position of a person in society, and its material component, she most often prefers to use her kind deceitful character, which allows her to easily ingratiate herself with trust. For people who do not meet her, no doubt, overestimated requirements, he treats coldly, even slightly contemptuously, which rejects people she does not need, doing this, by the way, in a very rude form.

In the work, Anna Scherer rather plays a character who personifies all the venality, greed, and lack of conscience in the society of that time. It is, as it were, a collective image of the aristocracy of that time. Thus, the author conveys to his reader the idea that it is necessary to stop the harmful effects of this type of people in your life, by letting them get too close to your personal space, because they can betray you at any moment, and further use it for personal purposes. . Anna Scherer is the finest example of this, because, as we see from the work, this woman will not give up even the most sophisticated and disgusting ways in order to achieve her goal, no matter what needs to be done. Even to betray even the best and most pleasant person to her, because such people often do not have a feeling of attachment to anyone, which is seen in the work.

Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy begins the work "War and Peace" with the episode "Anna Pavlovna Sherer's Salon", in which he describes how the lady-in-waiting of Empress Maria Feodorovna, the secular unmarried lady Anna Sherer, receives guests in her salon, most of whom are well-known noble nobles from the capital . They came to Anna Scherer not for close and warm communication in an informal setting, but, as is customary, to go out into the world, for strict formalized communication with each other, establishing connections and obtaining personal benefits. Anna Pavlovna also treats all guests differently, there are more high-ranking guests who deserve a more respectful greeting, and there are less famous, "less secular" and influential people, such as, for example, Pierre Bezukhov, who are not entitled to such a greeting.

Anna Scherer makes sure that the conversations in the salon are conducted in the right way and on the right topics. She "serves" especially interesting guests, and any word spoken out of time makes her think that the evening is ruined. Pierre Bezukhov's expression of his frank and naive thoughts causes her fear for the evening and irritation. The salon is dominated by French speech, characteristic of aristocrats and high society. The whole essence of the salon is, as it were, in its own glorification and the receipt of benefits by each participant.

In the episode "Name Day at the Rostovs", the Rostov family hosts guests on the occasion of the name day of mother Natalya Rostova and her fifteen-year-old daughter Natasha. Natalya Rostova is about the same age as Anna Sherer, but unlike her, she is married and has several children. She loves her family. The atmosphere during the holiday is more informal, the guests speak more colloquially, in Russian, so one of the main guests, Marya Dmitrievna, always expresses herself only in Russian and quite frankly, without hiding her true thoughts. The guests who come to the Rostovs do not have the goal of personal enrichment and profit, the Rostovs do not have a hierarchy in greetings, as in the Sherer salon, all guests are treated equally and quite warmly.

Thus, Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy contrasts these two episodes with each other, in them he shows different types of nobles of his time, shows the reader the contrast between sincere and "real" Moscow with its warm receptions and cold, "artificial" Petersburg, with its inhabitants of the capital's salons. seeking to benefit from any acquaintance. One of the most striking manifestations of this "artificiality" is Tolstoy's numerous comparisons of Helen Kuragina, one of the most important ladies of the Scherer salon, with a marble statue, and the warmth and sincerity of the Rostov holiday is reinforced by the presence of children on it, which we do not see in Anna Pavlovna's salon. These two episodes show the reader the whole essence of the two most important and completely different families found in the novel - the Kuragins and the Rostovs, to whom Pierre Bezukhov will gravitate in different parts of the work.

Evening in the salon of Anna Pavlovna Scherer (July 1805) (vol. 1, part 1, ch. I-IV)

Why does the novel begin in July 1805? Having gone through 15 options for the beginning of his work, L. N. Tolstoy stopped precisely in July 1805 and at the salon of Anna Pavlovna Scherer (the famous maid of honor and approximate Empress Maria Feodorovna), where the upper strata of the capital's society gather in St. Petersburg: conversations in her salon convey the complex political atmosphere of the time.

Why does the first scene of the novel depict an evening in Scherer's salon? Tolstoy believed that for the beginning of the novel, such an environment should be found so that from it, “like from a fountain, the action is sprayed into different places where different people will play the role” . Such a “fountain” turned out to be an evening in the court salon, in which, according to the author’s later definition, like nowhere else, “the degree of the political thermometer, on which the mood of ... society stood, was so clearly and firmly expressed.”

Who's gathered in Scherer's living room? The novel "War and Peace" opens with an image of high society, gathered in the living room of the forty-year-old maid of honor of the imperial court, A.P. Scherer. This is the minister, Prince Vasily Kuragin, his children (the soulless beauty Helen, the “restless fool” Anatole and the “calm fool” Ippolit), Princess Lisa Bolkonskaya - “the highest nobility of St. everyone lived. . . "(Chapter II).

Who is Anna Pavlovna Sherer? Anna Pavlovna is a cunning and dexterous woman, tactful, influential at court, prone to intrigues. Her attitude to any person or event is always dictated by the latest political, court or secular considerations. She is constantly “full of animation and impulse”, “to be an enthusiast has become her social position” (ch. I), and in her salon, in addition to discussing the latest court and political news, she always “treats” guests with some novelty or celebrity.

What is the significance of the episode of the evening at Anna Pavlovna Sherer's? He opens the novel and introduces the reader to the main political and moral opponents in the system of images. The main historical content of the first five chapters is artistic information about the political events in Europe in the summer of 1805 and about the upcoming war of Russia in alliance with Austria against Napoleon.

What kind of conflict among the nobility is tied up during the discussion of the war between Russia and Napoleon? The reactionary-minded majority of the nobles in the Cheret salon saw Napoleon as a usurper of legitimate royal power, a political adventurer, a criminal, and even an Antichrist, while Pierre Bezukhov and Andrei Bolklnsky evaluate Bonaparte as a brilliant commander and politician.

Question to control assimilation Give examples of quotations from chapters I-IV of the novel, showing the different attitudes of the nobles towards Napoleon.

What is the conclusion of the conversation about Napoleon? The guests of the lady-in-waiting Scherer are talking about political news, about Napoleon's military actions, due to which Russia, as an ally of Austria, will have to go to war with France. But no one is interested in talking about events of state importance and is empty chatter, now in Russian, now in French, behind which lies complete indifference to what awaits the Russian army during a campaign abroad.

Why do visitors to the A.P. Scherer salon speak mostly French? Article "The role of the French language in Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace"

“The role of the French language in L. N. Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace” The historical originality of the speech of the characters is provided by the names of the realities of the time and the abundant use of the French language, moreover, the use is diverse: French phrases are often given as directly depicted, sometimes (with the proviso that the conversation is in French, or without it, if the French speak) they are immediately replaced by the Russian equivalent, and sometimes the phrase more or less conditionally combines the Russian and French parts, conveying the struggle of falsehood and naturalness in the souls of the characters. French phrases not only help to recreate the spirit of the era, to express the French mindset, but immediately, as it were, become an instrument of hypocrisy, describing lies or evil.

“The role of the French language in Leo Tolstoy's novel “War and Peace” The French language is the norm of secular society; Tolstoy emphasizes the ignorance of the heroes of their native language, the separation from the people, i.e., the French language is a means of characterizing the nobility with its anti-national orientation. The heroes of the novel, who speak French, are far from the universal truth. Most of what is said with posture, ulterior motive, narcissism, is said in French. French words, like fake banknotes floated by Napoleon, try to claim the value of real banknotes. Russian and French words are mixed up, clash in the speech of people, crippling and mutilating a friend, like Russian and French soldiers at Borodino.

“The role of the French language in L. N. Tolstoy's novel War and Peace By simply using either Russian or French, Tolstoy shows his attitude to what is happening. The words of Pierre Bezukhov, although he undoubtedly speaks excellent French and is more accustomed to it abroad, the author quotes only in Russian. Andrei Bolkonsky's remarks (and, as Tolstoy notes, out of habit he often switches to French and speaks it like a Frenchman, he even pronounces the word "Kutuzov" with an accent on the last syllable) are also given, mainly in Russian, with the exception of two cases: Prince Andrei, entering the salon, answers in French the question of Anna Pavlovna, posed in French, and quotes Napoleon in French. Bezukhov and Bolkonsky are gradually getting rid of the French language as a bad inclination.

What events of personal life excite the visitors of the salon? At the same time, the beginning of the novel reveals mainly that, according to Tolstoy, “real life” (vol. 2, part 3, ch. I), which is associated with everyday, personal, family interests, worries, hopes, aspirations, plans of people : this is the recognition by Prince Andrei of an irreparable mistake related to marrying Lisa, the ambiguous position in Pierre's society as the illegitimate son of Count Bezukhov, the plans of Prince Vasily Kuragin, who wants to better arrange his sons: the “calm fool” Ippolit and the “restless fool” Anatole; the troubles of Anna Mikhailovna about the transfer of Borenka to the guards.

How does Tolstoy treat visitors to the salon? All these scenes are colored by a certain author's intonation, in which the moral assessment of each of the participants in the action is visible: subtle irony in relation to Prince Vasily with his secular ability to disguise true goals under the guise of indifference, fatigue or fleeting interest; an almost open mockery of Anna Pavlovna's public "enthusiasm" and her panicky fear of everything that goes beyond the prim "speaking workshop", a kind smile in relation to the "unable to live" Pierre Bezukhov; clear sympathy for Prince Andrei. At the heart of this moral distinction is sympathy for sincere, disinterested heroes who live by spiritual interests, and an explicit or implicit condemnation of narcissism, selfishness, prudence, hypocrisy, spiritual emptiness of people who have lost their natural human qualities in a secular environment.

Reception of "tearing off all and sundry masks" To expose the falsity and unnaturalness of people of high society, Tolstoy uses the method of "tearing off all and sundry masks" ("Avant tout dites moi, commtnt vous allez, chere amie? (First of all, tell me how is your health, dear friend?) Calm me down, - he (Prince Vasily Kuragin) said, without changing his voice and tone, in which, due to decency and participation, indifference and even mockery shone through ”- ch. I).

To what does Tolstoy compare an evening in Scherer's salon? Tolstoy very aptly compares this salon with a spinning workshop, where guests do not usually talk, but buzz monotonously, like spindles: “Anna Pavlovna's evening was started. The spindles from different sides evenly and incessantly rustled ”(Chapter III). For the writer, the world of light is mechanical, machine-like.

What role does the hostess play? A.P. Scherer, as the owner of a spinning workshop, follows the sounds of the spindles, "holds back or starts it in its proper course." And if one of the guests breaks this monotony of conversations (especially when the offender refers to “people of the lowest hierarchy in her salon”, like Pierre), then the hostess “approached the mug that was silent or talked too much and with one word or movement again started a uniform , a decent talking machine” (Ch. II).

What metaphors that convey the author's irony are included in this comparison? “Anna Pavlovna’s evening was started” (and not opened and not started); the hostess did not introduce her fashionable guests to her acquaintances, as others do, but, “just as a good head waiter serves something supernaturally beautiful that piece of beef that you don’t want to eat if you see it in a dirty kitchen, so this evening Anna Pavlovna served her guests first a viscount, then an abbot, as something supernaturally refined” (ch. III), that is, she tried to serve the guests like a good meal, on a chic plate and with exquisite sauce.

What evaluative epithets and comparisons does Tolstoy use in describing the characters? Vasily Kuragin’s “bright expression of a flat face”, “... said the prince, out of habit, like a wound clock, saying things that he didn’t want to be believed”, “Prince Vasily always spoke lazily, like an actor says the role of an old play” (Ch. I) - the comparison with a wound clock extremely successfully conveys the automatism of secular life. Here they take a role for themselves in advance and follow it against their own desire.

What author's attitude is imbued with the details of the portrait characteristics of the characters? Clumsiness and good nature, shyness, and most importantly, Pierre's truthfulness, unusual in the salon and frightening the hostess; Anna Pavlovna's enthusiastic, glued-on smile; Helen's "unchanging smile" (ch. III); “a grimace that spoiled the beautiful face” (ch. III) of Prince Andrei, which in a different situation took on a childish and sweet expression; antennae on the short upper lip of the little princess Lisa Bolkonskaya.

What author's assessments accompany the characterization of Ippolit Kuragin? Tolstoy writes that his “face was hazy with idiocy and invariably expressed self-confident obscenity, and his body was thin and weak. Eyes, nose, mouth - everything seemed to shrink into one indefinite grimace, and arms and legs always assumed an unnatural position ”(Chapter III). He "spoke in Russian with such a pronunciation as the French speak, having spent a year in Russia" (ch. IV).

What is Tolstoy's attitude towards Anna Mikhailovna Drubetskaya? About Anna Mikhailovna Drubetskaya, who energetically takes care of her son and everything seems to come to life at the same time, L. N. Tolstoy remarks with a sneer that she is “... one of those women, especially mothers, who, once taking something into their heads, they will not leave until their desires are fulfilled, otherwise they are ready for daily, every minute pestering and even on stages. It was “this last consideration that shook him” (Prince Vasily), and he promised “to do the impossible” (vol. 1, part 1, ch. IV).

Consider Andrey Nikolaev's illustration "The Salon of Anna Pavlovna Sherer". What a cold! Pearl-gray tones of dresses, walls, mirrors - the light is dead, frozen. The blue of the chairs, the green of the shadows - in all this there is a feeling of some kind of marsh coldness: before us is a ball of the dead, a meeting of ghosts. And in the depths of this balanced kingdom - in contrast - like a flash of vital energy, like a stroke of blood - the red collar of Prince Andrei, beaten off by the whiteness of his uniform, is a drop of fire in this swamp.

What is unnatural in the life of a secular society? Salon Petersburg life is an example of an unnatural formal existence. Everything here is unnatural and stiff. One of the abnormalities of secular life is the complete confusion in it of moral ideas and assessments. The world does not know what is true and what is false, what is good and what is bad, what is clever and what is stupid.

What are the interests and values ​​of people from a secular society? Intrigues, court gossip, career, wealth, privileges, worldly self-affirmation - these are the interests of the people of this society, in which there is nothing truthful, simple and natural. Everything is saturated through with lies, falsehood, heartlessness, hypocrisy and acting. The speeches, gestures and actions of these people are determined by the conventional rules of secular behavior.

What is Tolstoy's attitude towards high society? Tolstoy's negative attitude towards these heroes was manifested in the fact that the author shows how false everything is in them, comes not from a pure heart, but from the need to observe decency. Tolstoy denies the norms of life of high society and, behind his outward decency, grace, secular tact, reveals the emptiness, selfishness, greed and careerism of the "cream" of society.

Why has the life of salon visitors become dead for a long time? In the image of the salon, L. N. Tolstoy notes the unnatural mechanical course of life of people who have long forgotten that it is possible to be outside of falsehood and vulgar play. It would be strange to expect sincerity of feelings here. Naturalness is what is most undesirable for this circle.

A smile is a means of psychological characterization Favorite techniques in the portrait of Tolstoy's hero appear already in the autobiographical trilogy: this is a look, a smile, hands. “It seems to me that what is called the beauty of the face consists in one smile: if a smile adds charm to the face, then the face is beautiful; if she does not change it, then it is usual; if she spoils it, then it is bad ", - it is said in the second chapter of the story "Childhood".

Questions to control assimilation Compare the metaphors of smiles with the characters, their carriers. How do characters characterize their manner of smiling?

Correlate the metaphors of smiles with the heroes, their carriers. A smile is a screen, a pretense. Count Pierre Bezukhov A smile is a weapon of coquette. A. P. Sherer and Prince Vasily Kuragin Smile - anti-smile, the smile of an idiot. Helen Kuragin Smile - unchanging Little Princess Liza mask Prince Ippolit Kuragin Smile - grimace, grin. Princess Drubetskaya Smile - soul, smile Prince Andrei Bolkonsky child. Smile - a smile of a squirrel, a smile with a mustache.

Perception Questions Compare your first impressions of the characters with the interpretation of the director and actors. Pay attention to the first phrase of A. P. Scherer in French and to the speech of the narrator behind the scenes. It contains such authorial techniques as metaphor, comparisons: “the degree of the political thermometer, on which the mood of St. Petersburg society stood” (this metaphor bears associations with mechanisms, measuring instruments); “the color of the intellectual essence of society” (the author's irony); “mental tops of society” (irony again). How did the guests of the maid of honor smile? Why are there almost no smiles of guests in the production of S. Bondarchuk in the salon? Which image (cinematic or verbal) seemed more complete to you? Why?

Ideological and thematic foundations of the composition The main compositional unit in the novel is a relatively completed episode in terms of plot, which includes two life streams: historical and universal. Conflicts among the heroes of the novel arise even before the start of military events, and the distinction between the characters is based both on an assessment of their attitude to historical changes in that era, and on the moral ideals of Tolstoy.

Artistic features of the narration in the novel Tolstoy's favorite artistic means of moral assessment of the characters is the unusually diverse author's intonation, the richness of the nuances of the narration, humor, irony, wit, which make reading unusually fascinating.

The ideological meaning of the episode The formulation of the problem “man and history, transient and eternal in people's lives” gives Tolstoy's idea a scale of the world view, unknown before in world literature. The clear and direct ideological position of the writer evokes in the reader a special emotional mood of moral superiority over people entangled in a web of secular conventions, calculations, intrigues, over all the falsity of the environment, cut off from natural, normal life.

N. G. Dolinina said beautifully about the role of this episode. But here - imperceptibly for us - all the threads are tied. Here Pierre for the first time "with almost frightened, enthusiastic eyes" looks at the beautiful Helene; here they decide to marry Anatole to Princess Marya; Anna Mikhailovna Drubetskaya comes here to place her son in a warm place in the guards; here Pierre does one impoliteness after another and, as he leaves, he is going to put on, instead of his hat, the general's cocked hat. . . Here it becomes clear that Prince Andrei does not love his wife and did not yet know true love - she can come to him at her own time; much later, when he finds and appreciates Natasha, “with her surprise, joy, and timidity, and even mistakes in French”, - Natasha, on whom there was no secular imprint, - when we remember the evening at Sherer and Andrey’s wife, little princess, with her unnatural charm"

Topic: "Meeting in the salon of Anna Pavlovna Sherer" (based on the epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace")

Target: to acquaint students with the principles of the image of L.N. Tolstoy of high society.

- educational: 1) to acquaint students with the methods of depicting L.N. Tolstoy of high society; 2) determine the role of the episode "In the salon of A.P. Scherer" in the composition of the novel.

- developing: 1) to develop the ability to compare, compare similar episodes of various literary works; 2) develop the creative abilities of students; 3) contribute to the formation of the information culture of schoolchildren.

- educational: 1) to bring up a negative attitude of children to hypocrisy, dishonesty; 2) to continue the formation of group work skills, to cultivate respect for the opinions of other people.

Equipment: to the first chapters of the novel illustrations, a table covered with a tablecloth. Video recording of the beginning of the novel in French. Entry currently hidden from students: The method of "tearing off all and all kinds of masks." Presentation.

Lesson type: The lesson is a dialogue with research elements.

DURING THE CLASSES:

Anna Pavlovna's evening was started.
The spindles from different sides evenly and not
silent noise.

L. Tolstoy

Properly tightened masks ...

M. Lermontov

During the classes

Organizing time.

Motivation for learning activities

Audio recording. Music sounds (polonaise)

Guys, while listening to the audio recording, what did you imagine?

Answers: This music was often played at the balls of the 19th century. The ball began with a polonaise.

Teacher's word.

The purpose and objectives of the lesson are announced, the topic, epigraph and plan are written down.

State the aims and objectives of the lesson:

Who is Anna Scherer? Why did secular society gather at her place?

Who was going to the salon? For what purpose?

How did they behave?

Bottom line: Why does L.N. Tolstoy begin the novel from the evening in the salon of A. Sherer?

III. Work on the topic of the lesson.

"The salon has already begun!" (A candlestick is placed on a table covered with a tablecloth, candles are lit).

"It's snowy, it's snowy all over the earth

To all limits.

The candle burned on the table

The candle was burning.

Like a swarm of midges in summer

Flying into the flame

Flakes flew from the yard

To the window frame

(B.Pasternak)

teacher's word

Let's see who flocked to the candlelight in the salon of Anna Pavlovna Sherer.

Film fragment

1. Method "Snowball"

Questions: Who is Anna Scherer? How did Leo Tolstoy present it to us in the novel? (lines from the work)

Answer: maid of honor and close associate of the Empress Maria Feodorovna.

2. Work in pairs

Filling in the table

Status

Visit purpose

Behavior

Anya and Asan - Prince Vasily and Helen

Xenia and Guliza - Princess Drubetskaya

Mustafa and Guzel: Andrey Bolkonsky and Liza Bolkonskaya

Vlad and Vanya: Pierre Bezukhov

The important and bureaucratic prince Vasily has influence at court, as his “stars” speak of. He came to find out whether the issue of appointing Baron Funke as first secretary to Vienna had been resolved, as he was busy with this position for his son Hippolyte. In the salon of Anna Pavlovna, he has another goal - to marry another son of Anatole to a rich bride, Princess Marya Bolkonskaya.

Ellen is a beauty. Her beauty is dazzling (brilliant necklace). The daughter of Prince Vasily did not utter a word in the salon, she only smiled and repeated the expression on Anna Pavlovna's face. She was learning to respond appropriately to the viscount's story. Helen called for her father to go to the ball to the English envoy.

He speaks out of place, but is so self-confident that no one can understand whether he is smart or stupid.

Princess Bolkonskaya feels at home in the salon, so she brought a reticule with work. She came to see her friends. He speaks in a capriciously playful tone.

Prince Andrei has “two faces” (sometimes a grimace, then an unexpectedly kind and pleasant smile), “two voices” (he says sometimes unpleasantly, sometimes affectionately and gently), so his image is associated with a mask. He came for his wife. There is no goal: a bored look, like Onegin's. Prince Andrei is tired of everything here. He decided to go to war and would later say to Pierre: “I am going because this life that I lead here, this life is not for me!”

Princess Drubetskaya, noble, but impoverished. She came to secure a place for her son Boris. She has a teary face. When she addresses Prince Vasily, she tries to smile, “while there were tears in her eyes,” therefore, a scarf.

Pierre is a newcomer to Anna Pavlovna's salon, and indeed to the salon in general. He spent many years abroad, so everything is interesting to him. He looks at the world naively enthusiastically, therefore - glasses. The young man came here hoping to hear something clever. He speaks animatedly and naturally.

Conclusion:

Conversation.

We hear the characters, and they speak French.

Doesn't it bother you that there is a war with Napoleon, and in St. Petersburg the highest nobility speaks French?

This is where France and Napoleon are separated.

Why does L. Tolstoy introduce French speech?

So it was accepted. Knowledge of the French language was mandatory for a nobleman.

So, before us are educated people. It can be assumed that in French we will hear philosophical thoughts about life, witty remarks, interesting conversations ...

Well, education, knowledge of foreign languages ​​is not always a sign of intelligence, decency, internal culture. Perhaps L. Tolstoy introduces French speech in order to show that an inner emptiness is hidden behind the external gloss of some heroes.

Hero portraits.

Have you ever been to a salon? L.N. Tolstoy invites us. Let's try to get to know the characters.

Quiz-quiz “Whose face is this?”

“She got up with the same unchanging smile ... with which she entered the living room.”

"The face was hazy with idiocy and invariably expressed self-confident obscenity."

(Hippolytus)

“With a grimace that spoiled his handsome face, he turned away…”

(Prince Andrew)

“... a bright expression of a flat face.”

(Prince Vasily)

“The restrained smile that constantly played on his face…”

(Anna Pavlovna)

Do we have faces or masks? Prove it.

Before us are masks, since their expression does not change during the evening. L. Tolstoy conveys this with the help of the epithets “unchanging”, “invariably”, “constantly”.

V. Reflection

Pierre expects something outstanding from the salon, Prince Andrei has long disliked all this. And how does L. Tolstoy relate to the salon of Anna Pavlovna? Why was there a chair for the aunt?

Auntie just… the place. She is not interested in anyone. Each guest repeats the same words in front of her.

Why was Pierre given a careless bow?

The salon has its own hierarchy. Pierre is illegitimate.

Why is Princess Drubetskaya sitting next to an unwanted aunt?

She is a beggar. She has been given mercy. People in a secular society are valued by wealth and nobility, and not by personal merits and demerits.

Why is the rare word “flu” used and rare guests present?

The salon claims originality, but all this is just an external gloss, like French speech, and behind it is emptiness.

Discussion and recording of the “method of tearing off all and sundry masks”.

We hardly see sincere, living people, so today we have things on a beautiful table with a beautiful candlestick. The writer speaks about the lack of spirituality in most of the guests and in the hostess herself.

And why is Pierre's pince-nez not next to these things?

He is a stranger in the cabin.

The significance of the action in the cabin for the further development of the plot.

Here Pierre saw Helene, who would later become his wife.

They decide to marry Anatoly Kuragin to Marya Bolkonskaya.

Prince Andrew is preparing to go to war.

Something will resolve the not very warm relationship between Prince Andrei and his wife.

Prince Vasily decides to attach Boris Drubetskoy.

VI. Lesson summary

Well done boys! You did a great job today in class. Let's once again, according to the plan, remember what we learned in the lesson.

(1. Excessive use of French speech is a negative characteristic of high society. As a rule, Tolstoy uses French where there is falseness, unnaturalness, lack of patriotism.

2. To expose the falseness of high society, Tolstoy uses the method of "tearing off all and sundry masks."

3. A negative attitude towards the Scherer salon and its guests is expressed through the use of such techniques as comparison, antithesis, evaluative epithets and metaphors.)

Have we reached the goal set at the beginning of the lesson?

Write down your homework.

VI . Homework: Read v.1, part 1, ch. 6 - 17. Analyze the episode "Natasha Rostova's Name Day".

“Masks pulled together by propriety” - the words of M. Lermontov are recalled when we read the pages of L. Tolstoy's novel, which tells about the Scherer salon.

Bright candles, beautiful ladies, brilliant gentlemen - this is how they seem to talk about a secular evening, but the writer creates completely different images: a spinning machine, a set table. Almost every one of those present hides behind the mask that others want to see on him, pronounces phrases that "and does not want to be believed." An old play is being played before our eyes, and the leading actors are the hostess and the important Prince Vasily. But it is here that the reader gets acquainted with many of the heroes of the work.

“Spindles from different sides evenly and incessantly rustled,” writes L. Tolstoy about people. No, puppets! Helen is the most beautiful and obedient of them (the expression on her face reflects, like a mirror, the emotions of Anna Pavlovna). The girl does not utter a single phrase for the whole evening, but only straightens the necklace. The epithet “unchanging” (about a smile) and the artistic detail (cold diamonds) show that behind the stunning beauty - empty! Helen's radiance does not warm, but blinds.

Of all the women presented by the author in the salon of the maid of honor, the most attractive is the wife of Prince Andrei, who is expecting a child. She commands respect when she moves away from Hippolyte ... But a mask has grown to Lisa: she speaks with her husband at home in the same capriciously playful tone as with Scherer's guests.

Bolkonsky is a stranger among those invited. One gets the impression that when he squinted around the whole society, he saw not faces, but penetrated into hearts and thoughts - “closed his eyes and turned away.”

Prince Andrei smiled at only one person. And Anna Pavlovna greeted the same guest with a bow, "referring to people of the lowest hierarchy." The illegitimate son of Catherine's grandee appears to be a kind of Russian bear who needs to be "educated", that is, deprived of a sincere interest in life. The writer sympathizes with Pierre, comparing him with a child whose eyes were running wide, like in a toy store. The naturalness of Bezukhov scares Sherer, she makes us smile, and insecurity makes us want to intervene. This is what Prince Andrei does, saying: “How do you want him to answer everyone all of a sudden?” Bolkonsky knows that no one in the salon is interested in Pierre's opinion, people here are smug and unchanged ...

L. Tolstoy, like his favorite heroes, treats them negatively. Tearing off the masks, the author uses the method of comparison and contrast. Prince Vasily is compared with an actor, his manner of speaking is with a wound clock. The metaphor “she served her guests first the viscount, then the abbot” evokes an unpleasant feeling, which is intensified by the mention of a piece of beef. “Reducing images,” the writer speaks of the predominance of physiological needs over spiritual ones, when it should be the other way around.

“His smile was not the same as that of other people, merging with an unsmile” - and we understand that the characters in the salon are divided according to the principle of antithesis and that the author is on the side of those who behave naturally.

This episode plays an important role in the novel: the main storylines are tied here. Prince Vasily decided to marry Anatole to Marya Bolkonskaya and attach Boris Drubetskoy; Pierre saw his future wife Helene; Prince Andrew is about to go to war.