Original techniques and drawing techniques

Exist different techniques drawings - some of them are traditional, others are non-traditional and even innovative. In general, the painting technique is characterized not so much by the materials used, but by the method of applying paints. The length and direction of the strokes, their brightness, and methods of mixing colors matter. All this is individual for each artist, and forms his style. But there are still main types of drawing techniques that are distinguished by the paints used. So the most famous and popular drawing techniques include: drawing with pencil, gouache, watercolor, oil and pastel.

The simplest technique is considered to be drawing with a pencil. Everyone starts with pencil drawings. Little children pick up a pencil and begin to create their masterpieces. The pencil drawing technique does not require any special skill. Besides, pencil drawings are preparatory stage for other techniques. However, the pencil technique also has its secrets of how to achieve accuracy and high quality in a drawing. For example, one of these secrets is the technique of shading.

Gouache paints are good for beginners. They are good for learning to draw. They are diluted with water, are opaque and can overlap one color with another. When painting with gouache, you can take any colors and paint with them in any order. Paints can be mixed on a palette and get different shades.

Gouache paints

The watercolor technique is more complex; it often remains incomprehensible and mysterious. The apparent ease here is deceptive. Watercolor from the Latin aqua water. It is the artist’s ability to control this water element mixed with paint that determines his skill and mastery of this technique. Watercolor is fluid and transparent, susceptible to brush movement. This is a favorite technique of many artists.

They paint with oil paints mainly in two ways: with and without underpainting. The first method requires quite complex preparation. None strict rules there are no oil strokes or layers of paint. Try it various options. Sometimes the shade of a vertical stroke does not fit into the work, but if you put it horizontally, it will look good. In general, even a non-professional artist can paint an oil painting.

In order to work with soft pastel crayons, a rough, fleecy surface is required. You can both draw and write with pastels, that is, you can depict figures with lines and contours, and then paint over them, or you can create multi-color paintings with small strokes that are mixed, rubbed and shaded. Pastel looks very beautiful on a dark background, so tinted paper is often used in this technique.

IN Lately Another very popular and widespread drawing technique has appeared - drawing with a stylus on the tablet screen. This technique is suitable for both beginners and professionals. There are even programs that help both children and adults master the technique of drawing on the screen. For example, the “How to Draw” program offers you to master drawings of varying degrees of complexity and different styles.

Drawing on the tablet screen

But no matter what technique you decide to use, Creative skills, remember that training will help you realize your wildest ideas.

Laws of chiaroscuro

Every person who has started drawing asks the question of how to convey the volume and shape of objects on paper. And this issue often comes to a dead end. Meanwhile, visual perception shape and volume directly depend on the laws of such a thing as chiaroscuro. In principle, these patterns can be traced simply by observing objects around us illuminated with artificial or natural colors. This is especially clearly seen on objects of simple geometric shapes - balls, cylinders, pyramids, etc. In order to seriously master tonal drawing, you need to know these laws of chiaroscuro well.

Chiaroscuro— the distribution of illumination observed on the surface of an object, creating a brightness scale.

Light is one of the main visual arts: the transfer of the shape, volume, texture of an object and the depth of space depends on the lighting conditions.

An object is visually perceived only when it is illuminated, that is, when chiaroscuro is formed on its surface due to different illumination.

Depending on the position of the object in relation to the light source, the type (texture) and color of its surface and a number of other factors, chiaroscuro will have one or another brightness. Chiaroscuro can be divided into several “parts”. To make it clearer, consider a simple cylinder.

If you light it artificially, the gradation of light and shade will be visible very clearly. So. The gradation is as follows: highlight, light, penumbra, own shadow, reflex, falling shadow.

light - surfaces brightly illuminated by a light source;
glare - a spot of light on a brightly lit convex or flat glossy surface, when it also contains mirror reflection;
shadow - unlit or dimly lit areas of an object. Shadows on the unlit side of an object are called intrinsic, and shadows cast by the object on other surfaces are called cast;
penumbra is a weak shadow that occurs when an object is illuminated by several light sources. It also forms on a surface facing the light source at a slight angle;
reflex - a weak light spot in the shadow area, formed by rays reflected from nearby objects.

Light- this is the most illuminated surface; the rays of light fall on it at a more right angle. There will always be the brightest small spot in the light - a highlight (this is the place where rays of light, reflected from the surface of an object, fall directly into our eye). Of course, the highlight does not have to be perfectly white. It all depends on the overall tone of the picture. If you paint a black matte ball, there will never be a white highlight on it. A highlight is the brightest spot relative to your drawing, here and now, so to speak. Then the shape of the object is rotated, the rays of light fall at a different angle, and a penumbra is obtained. The transition from light to penumbra, and then to shadow on round objects is very smooth, without clear boundaries. So, next is the shadow itself. This is the place on the surface of an object where light rays do not reach at all. This is the darkest place on the surface of an object. It must be remembered that the shadow goes along the surface of the object and will take its shape. If we draw a ball (or other round, spherical objects), then we need to remember that the border of the shadow cannot be the same throughout its entire length. The convex surface of the shadow border closest to us will be darker than the edges.

Then a reflex. It is very important. Many people miss reflexes and don’t draw them, but without this it is impossible to fully convey the shape of an object. Rays of light, which fall not only on the object, but also illuminate everything around, are reflected from the surrounding object space (for example, from the surface of the table on which the object lies, or from surrounding objects) and cast a reflection on the object that we are actually drawing . This is a reflex. It is lighter than the shadow, but in no case can the reflex be the same tone as the light. It should be darker than light, partial shade, but lighter than shadow. Of course, there is no exact recipe here; how much darker or lighter it is - you need to look at each individual case.

In addition to its own shadow, an object has another one - a falling one. I think everything is clear - the object, with its mass, blocks the path of light rays, and they do not reach the surface on which the object stands. This is how a falling shadow is created. It also has its own gradations of tone. At the base of the object, the shadow is usually darker and more saturated. And the further away from the object, the paler and blurrier it becomes.

In general, regardless of the shape of the object, whether it is simple or complex, the law of distribution of light and shadow is always the same.

But there are more additions. We are not drawing flat spots, but three-dimensional objects are illuminated unevenly. The degree of illumination depends on the position of the object in space relative to the light source, on the nature of the light source, the distance from the surface of the object to the light source, and also on the incidence of the light beam on the surface.
Also, the degree of illumination of an object depends on how close the object is to the light source. As an object approaches the light, its illumination will increase, and vice versa, as it moves away, it will weaken.

The eye distinguishes a significant number of tones. The wider the scale of tones, the less they differ in brightness from each other, the less contrast the object is perceived; The narrower it is, the greater the differences in brightness between tones will be, the more contrast the object will appear.

And another one important detail- background. Drawing, unless of course quick sketch or the very first sketch for a future painting, will not live on paper without a background. A dark background looks very impressive for light objects, which thanks to it come to the fore.

A lot depends on the background in the drawing!

As a result, we can say: to give volume to an object, you can divide it into many planes (this can be done mentally, not necessarily on paper), find the brightest and darkest of them, and then finish the drawing, filling it with penumbra and highlighting reflexes . And of course, we must not forget about the shadow and the background, even if we are drawing a sketch. For an example of the distribution of tones of different saturations, here is a clear example from the book. Note that glare is White paper, which is visible in some places.

In this section we will try to give general information about the stroke and reveal the essence of the shading method.
At first glance, it seems easy to repeat the same thing as in the figure. But for beginners this is very difficult, especially when the hand does not obey and you just want to put your hand against the paper and “make” circumferential lines from short lines, as many people usually do.

Here are a few techniques inherent in shading:.
So, try quickly drawing several oblique parallel lines at the same distance. It is important to maintain equal (or proportional) distances between lines. It is better to hold a pencil (pen, felt-tip pen, etc.) lightly, and draw lines without pressing hard on the paper. Many educational publications recommend training shoulder movements. To do this, you need to hold your hand without touching the paper.

Lines can be drawn with great pressure at the beginning of the stroke, and almost without touching at the end

Read about this topic on the website:

Pencil drawing. Materials and tools. Storing drawings Demonstration charcoal drawing: head of a woman Charcoal drawing: forest island Stage 5-7

Painting technique- a set of techniques for using artistic materials and means.

Traditional painting techniques: encaustic, tempera, wall (lime), glue and other types. Since the 15th century, the technique of painting with oil paints has become popular; in the 20th century, synthetic paints with a polymer binder (acrylic, vinyl, etc.) appeared. Gouache, watercolor, Chinese ink and semi-drawing technique - pastel - are also classified as painting.

WATERCOLOR

Watercolor(from Italian “aquarello”) - means painting with water-based paints.

There are many artistic techniques in watercolor: working on wet paper (“A la Prima”), working on dry paper, pouring, washing, using watercolor pencils, ink, working with a dry brush, using a palette knife, salt, multi-layer painting, using mixed media.

Types of watercolor techniques:

dry - painting on dry paper, with each layer of paint drying before applying the next one

raw, wet watercolor, alla prima - painting on wet paper. The wet-on-wet technique uses the flow of watercolor and creates unusual color effects. Using this technique requires knowledge of the moisture level of the paper and experience in using the technique itself.

Alla prima (ala prime) (derived from the Italian alla prima - at the first moment) is a type of oil and watercolor painting technique that involves completing a painting (or a fragment thereof) in one session, without preliminary markings or underpainting.

Filling is a very interesting technique in watercolor. Smooth color transitions allow you to effectively depict the sky, water, and mountains.

The palette knife is used not only in oil painting, but also in watercolor painting. With a palette knife you can emphasize the outlines of mountains, stones, rocks, clouds, sea ​​waves, depict trees, flowers.

The absorbent properties of salt are used to produce interesting effects in watercolors. With the help of salt, you can decorate a meadow with flowers, get a moving air environment in the picture, moving tonal transitions.

Multilayer painting is rich in color. Multilayer painting uses all the artistic techniques of working with watercolors.

Watercolor is one of the most complex painting techniques. The main quality of watercolor is the transparency and airiness of the image. The apparent simplicity and ease of painting with watercolors is deceptive. Watercolor painting requires mastery of a brush, mastery of seeing tone and color, knowledge of the laws of mixing colors and applying a paint layer to paper. There are many techniques in watercolor: working on dry paper, working on wet paper (“A la Prima”), using watercolor pencils, inks, multi-layer painting, working with a dry brush, pouring, washing off, using a palette knife, salt, using mixed media.

Watercolor, despite its apparent simplicity and ease of drawing, is a very complex painting technique. Watercolor painting requires mastery of the brush, mastery of seeing tone and color, knowledge of the laws of mixing colors and applying a layer of paint to paper.

For watercolor work, paper is one of the most important materials. What is important is its quality, type, relief, density, grain size, sizing. Depending on the quality of the paper, watercolor paints are applied to the paper, absorbed, and dried differently.

PENCIL

Pencil is a material for drawing. There are black graphite and colored pencils. Pencil drawings are done on paper using shading, tonal spots, and light and shade.

Watercolor pencils are a type of colored pencils that are water soluble. The techniques for using watercolor pencils are varied: blurring a drawing with a watercolor pencil with water, working with a watercolor pencil soaked in water, working with a pencil on wet paper, etc. It is more difficult to do a drawing.

With a pencil you can get infinitely many shades and gradations of tone. Pencils of varying degrees of softness are used in the drawing.

Starting work on graphic design from the design drawing, i.e. drawing the external contours of an object using construction lines, usually with a medium soft pencil H, HB, B, F, then in a tone drawing, in which there are no longer contour lines of objects, and the boundaries of objects are indicated by shading; if necessary, use more soft pencils. The hardest is 9H, the softest is 9B.

When drawing with a pencil, it is advisable to make as few corrections as possible and use an eraser carefully so as not to leave stains, so the drawing will look fresh and neat. It is better not to use shading in a pencil drawing for the same reasons. To apply tone, the technique of shading is used. Strokes can be different in direction, length, spacing, and pencil pressure. The direction of the stroke (horizontal, vertical, oblique) is determined by the shape, size of the object, and the movement of the surface in the drawing.

A pencil portrait turns out very realistic and filled with light. After all, with the help of a pencil you can convey many shades, depth and volume of the image, and chiaroscuro transitions.

The pencil drawing is fixed with a fixative, so the drawing does not lose its clarity, does not smear even when touched by hand, and is preserved for a long time.

OIL

Oil painting on canvas is the most popular painting technique. Oil painting gives the master an unlimited number of ways to depict and convey the mood of the surrounding world. Pasty or airy transparent strokes through which the canvas is visible, creating relief with a palette knife, glazing, using transparent or covering paints, various variations mixing colors - all this variety of oil painting techniques allows the artist to find and convey the mood, the volume of depicted objects, the air environment, create the illusion of space, and convey the richness of shades of the surrounding world.

Oil painting has its own peculiarity - the picture is painted in several layers (2-3), each layer needs to dry for several days depending on the materials used, so usually an oil painting is painted from several days to several weeks.

Most suitable for oil painting is linen canvas. Linen fabric is durable and has a vibrant texture. Linen canvases come in different grain sizes. For portraits and detailed paintings, fine-grained, smoother canvas is used. Coarse-grained canvas is suitable for painting with a pronounced texture (stones, rocks, trees), impasto painting and palette knife painting. Previously, painting used the technique of glazing, applying paint in thin layers, so the roughness of the linen layer gave the painting elegance. Nowadays, the technique of impasto strokes is often used in painting. However, the quality of the canvas is important for the expressiveness of the painting.

Cotton canvas is a durable and inexpensive material, suitable for painting with paste strokes.

Oil painting also uses such bases as burlap, plywood, hardboard, metal, and even paper.

Canvases are stretched on cardboard and on a stretcher. Canvases on cardboard are thin and usually do not come in large sizes, and do not exceed 50*70. They are lightweight and easy to transport. Canvases on a stretcher are more expensive; finished canvases on a stretcher can reach a size of 1.2m by 1.5m. The finished painting is framed.

Before working with oil, the canvases are glued and primed. This is necessary so that the oil paint does not destroy the canvas, and so that the paint adheres well to the canvas.

Oil paintings are most often done by placing the canvas on an easel. Oil painting uses a palette knife technique. A palette knife is a tool made of flexible steel in the form of a knife or spatula with a curved handle. Different shapes of the palette knife help to achieve different textures, relief, and volume. You can also apply even, smooth strokes with a palette knife. The blade of a palette knife can also be used to create fine lines - vertical, horizontal, chaotic.

PASTEL

Pastel(from Latin pasta - dough) - a technique of painting and drawing on the rough surface of paper and cardboard with pastels. Pastel is one of the very unusual types of visual materials. Pastel painting is airy and gentle. The subtlety and elegance of the pastel technique gives the paintings a lively, sometimes fabulous and magical quality. In the “dry” pastel technique, the “shading” technique is widely used, which gives the effect of soft transitions and delicacy of color. Pastel is applied to rough paper. The color of the paper matters. The background color, appearing through the strokes of the pastel, evokes a certain mood, weakening or enhancing the color effects of the drawing. Pastel paintings are fixed with fixative and stored under glass.

The pastel technique gained wide popularity and reached its peak in the 18th century. Pastel has the property of imparting extraordinary softness and tenderness to any subject. Using this technique, you can create any subjects - from landscapes to drawings of people.

The advantages of pastel are great freedom for the artist: it allows you to remove and cover entire layers of painting, stop and resume work at any time. Pastel combines the possibilities of painting and drawing. You can draw and write with it, work with shading or a painterly spot, with a dry or wet brush.

Pastel types:

dry- produced from pigment by pressing without adding oil

oil- made from pigment with linseed oil by pressing.

waxy- produced from pigment by pressing with the addition of wax

The techniques for working with pastels are varied. Pastel touches are rubbed in with fingers, special brushes, leather rollers, silk square brushes, and soft swabs. The pastel technique is very subtle and complex in its overlays of pastel “glaze” color on color. Pastel is applied in spots, strokes, and glazes.

To work with pastel pencils, you need bases that hold the pastel and prevent it from falling off. Pastels are used on rough types of paper, such as torchon, whatman paper, sandpaper, on loose, fleecy cardboard, suede, parchment, and canvas. The best base is suede, on which some classic works are written. Pastel drawings are secured with special fixatives that prevent the pastel from falling off.

Edgar Degas was an unsurpassed pastel master. Degas had a keen eye and an infallible drawing, which allowed him to achieve unprecedented effects in pastels. Never before have pastel drawings been so reverent, masterfully careless and so precious in color. In his later works, reminiscent of a festive kaleidoscope of lights, E. Degas was obsessed with the desire to convey the rhythm and movement of the scene. To give the paints a special shine and make them glow, the artist dissolved the pastel with hot water, turning it into a kind of oil paint, and applied it to the canvas with a brush. In February 2007, at a Sotheby’s auction in London, Degas’s pastel “Three Dancers in Purple Skirts” was sold for $7.87 million. In Russia, masters such as Repin, Serov, Levitan, Kustodiev, and Petrov-Vodkin worked in pastels.

SANGUINE

The color range of sanguine, a material for drawing, ranges from brown to close to red. With the help of sanguine, the tones of the human body are well conveyed, so portraits made with sanguine look very natural. The technique of drawing from life using sanguine has been known since the Renaissance (Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael). Sanguine is often combined with charcoal or Italian pencil. To ensure greater durability, sanguine drawings are fixed with a fixative or placed under glass.

Sanguina has been known since antiquity. It was then that sanguine allowed the introduction of flesh color into the drawing. The technique of drawing with sanguine became widespread during the Renaissance. Renaissance artists developed and widely used the “three pencils” technique: they painted a drawing in sanguine or sepia and charcoal on toned paper, and then highlighted the desired areas with white chalk.

Sangina(from the Latin "sanguineus" - "blood red") - these are pencils of red-brown tones. Sanguine is made from finely ground burnt sienna and clay. Like pastel, charcoal and sauce, sanguine is a soft material that is shaped into tetrahedral or round crayons during production.

With the help of sanguine, the tones of the human body are well conveyed, so portraits made with sanguine look very natural.

The technique of working with sanguine is characterized by a combination of broad strokes and shading with strokes of sharply sharpened sanguine blocks. Beautiful sanguine drawings are obtained on a toned background, especially when charcoal and chalk are added to the base material (the “three pencils” technique).

For the drawing, choose sanguine of a shade that better suits the characteristics of nature. For example, it is good to paint a naked body with reddish sanguine, and a landscape with grayish-brown or sepia-colored sanguine.

Sometimes sanguine is combined with charcoal, which produces cool shades. The contrast of warm and cold shades gives a special charm to such works.

To ensure greater durability, sanguine designs can be secured with a fixative or placed under glass.

TEMPERA

Tempera(from the Latin "temperare" - to connect) - a binder of paints, consisting of a natural or artificial emulsion. Before the improvement of oil paints by J. Van Eyck (15th century), medieval egg tempera was one of the most popular and widespread types of painting in Europe, but gradually it lost its importance.

In the second half of the 19th century, the disappointment that came with later oil painting served as the beginning of the search for new binders for paints, and the forgotten tempera, the well-preserved works of which speak eloquently for themselves, again attracted interest.

In contrast to oil painting and old tempera, new tempera does not require the artist to have a specific system for painting, giving him complete freedom in this regard, which he can use without any damage to the strength of the painting. Tempera, unlike oil, dries quickly. Tempera paintings coated with varnish are not inferior to oil paintings in terms of color, and in terms of immutability and durability, tempera paints are even superior to oil paints.

Graphic materials and techniques are varied, but, as a rule, the basis is a paper sheet. The color and texture of the paper play a big role. Colorful materials and techniques are determined by the type of graphics.

Each of us made our first sketches as children. During the drawing lessons, not everyone tried to do the work well and did not think about acquiring skills. In adulthood, many people feel the need to create something beautiful, but how to learn to draw with a pencil? After all, any drawing technique is based on the ability to hold the stylus correctly, make basic sketches, and create images. In this article you will find useful tips for learning to draw, as in art school, and independently.

Pencil Drawing Basics

Experts say that anyone, regardless of age, can learn how to draw correctly with a pencil. Learning to paint always begins with getting to know the materials that a beginning artist needs:

• a sheet of white paper, any format;
• eraser, also known as a rubber grater;
• simple pencils.

The first steps in drawing begin with a pencil sketch. With the help of meager lines, the general outlines of the object being copied, various poses, and moments of movement are conveyed. The sketch is the most quick way put on paper your first thoughts and impressions of what you are drawing. While sketching, you don’t need to pay attention to unnecessary details; it is recommended to draw it for no more than 10 minutes.

How to learn to draw from scratch

Scientific psychologists have proven that during the process of creating a drawing, both hemispheres of the brain are actively working in a person, and the imagination is activated. It’s not for nothing that there is a technique for calming nerves called art therapy - this is drawing for adults and children. Many people want to be able to, but do not know how to learn to draw with a pencil. Learning to draw from scratch is not at all difficult, because the technique of drawing with a pencil is accessible to children and adults.

Art school

How can a child learn to draw with a pencil? The best solution is to send him to an art school. It is designed for teaching children school age from 6 to 17 years old. Upon admission to this institution, the level of knowledge and skills in fine arts. Depending on the child’s skills, they are assigned to the appropriate group of students.

Education at the art school is free and government funded. I visit this place after main school lessons three times a week. The course of study ranges from two to seven years. After graduating from school, the graduate receives a diploma, which opens the door to an artistic future: admission to a college or higher institution in his specialty.

Courses

How can adults learn to draw with a pencil? You can learn the art of drawing through art courses. They are paid. The course of study ranges from several weeks to four years. During this time, the art studio will teach you the following skills:

• How to draw correctly in step-by-step technique.
• Learn to use a pencil and brush. Teachers in the art studio teach not only the ability to hold instruments correctly, but also how to choose and distinguish high-quality from low-grade ones.
• Learn how to draw children with a pencil.
• Learn many drawing techniques.
• Learn how to learn to draw various items.
• Learn to draw from life, landscapes, still lifes, people, animals, etc.
• Learn coloristics - choosing and combining colors correctly.
• Learn how to draw a cat with a pencil and other animals.
• They will tell you how to learn to draw portraits.

Online lessons

If you don’t have free time and you don’t know how to learn to draw with a pencil, then take advantage of online courses. They are suitable for those who are unable to attend a stationary studio. An approximate plan for completing classes in this format for beginning artists:

• The teacher provides basic knowledge of drawing in the form of examples of work and pictures.
• The selected topic of the drawing lesson is discussed in detail.
• At the end of the lesson the teacher gives homework, which you complete and mail to your teacher for review.
• At the next lesson, the student, together with the teacher, analyzes the homework in detail, and together they correct errors in the drawing, if any.

Online lessons, as an option, in order to learn how to draw professionally, are not the only way out. If you do not have the financial and territorial capabilities, but have a great and irresistible desire to learn how to draw well, then you can do it yourself with the help of:

• textbooks and drawing aids;
• tutorials;
• drawing instructions;
• training videos.

Step-by-step drawing technique

A beginner needs to practice drawing by creating sketches. In order for the drawing to be meaningful, the sketch must be created according to the rules that form the plan:

1. First, choose an object that you will draw, such as a teapot or vase.
2. Examine it from all sides, determine its shape, its texture, how the shadows fall on this object.
3. Determine the composition of the drawing, i.e. how it will be placed on paper, in what format.
4. After the contours are drawn, draw the details and apply shadows.

Human

In order to draw a person, you need to decide on the composition. This means that you need to analyze the boundaries of the location from head to toe. Once you have a figure in your mind, start composing the body parts. You need to draw a person from a sketch of the contours of the head, going lower. In the image of a person, it is very important to immediately find the image; you should determine the number of details necessary for the finished drawing.

Face

When drawing a person, much attention is paid to the face. To draw it correctly, you need to follow the steps:

1. Decide how the face will be positioned on the paper. To do this, mentally draw an axis of symmetry; it should pass through the center of the sheet.
2. Draw with a pencil on paper the outline of the face in the form of an oval (shape chicken egg).
3. Build the shape of the face, starting from the jawline, moving to the most convex part - the cheekbone area, then to the narrowest - the temporal area.
4. Align the drawn lines with an eraser; this will noticeably “lighten” the outline of the oval.
5. Divide the resulting oval into three equal parts using light, barely noticeable lines. The very first line, located closer to the chin, marks the tip of the nose.
6. Draw the nose, starting from the tip. It always protrudes forward, so it has a round, square, or pointed shape. Then we draw the wings of the nose and the bridge of the nose.
7. We draw the mouth, starting from the upper bend of the lip, which is located in the middle of the nostrils of the nose.

Eyes

In a portrait of a person, the eyes occupy the most important place; they attract attention, so they need to be given special attention. To draw them using a step-by-step technique, you must adhere to the following plan:

1. Before drawing the eyes, it is necessary to outline the eyebrows, which are located at the level of the bridge of the nose. Their shape depends on the character that the artist wants to convey in the portrait.
2. Having outlined the approximate location of the eyes, we draw out their shape in the form of an oval.
3. Draw the pupil in the shape of a circle.
4. We line the eyelids and shape the eyelashes.

Anime and Manga

Many young artists begin learning to draw with anime and manga, because... portray people in style bright characters Japanese cartoons are much simpler than classic ones. The greatest emphasis in such cartoon characters falls on the head, eyes and hair. Let's sort it out step-by-step scheme drawing, with the help of which a novice artist will learn how to learn to draw anime:

1. We start drawing the anime with an oval, which will be the head.
2. Divide the circle in half lengthwise using straight line.
3. Divide the head crosswise into three parts using light lines.
4. Next, you need to note the location of the eyes, nose and mouth.
5. Drawing big eyes, starting from the arch of the upper eyelid. The distance between them should be equal to one eye. When drawing pupils, much attention is paid to applying highlights. The eyebrows of these characters are drawn in a classic style: two even arches.
6. The nose in anime and manga is drawn small, expressed with a tick.
7. Lips are drawn with two small lines.
8. Anime and manga hair should be drawn in flowing triangles that slightly cover the eyes.
9. Anime girls are depicted in bright clothes, mostly dresses.

3D drawings

Volumetric drawings They fascinate with their realism, thanks to the correct construction of the form, the application of shadows and highlights in the right places. You should learn to draw such pictures from simple geometric shapes: cylinder, rhombus, square. To recreate the 3D illusion of an object, you need to draw it in isometry, when the angles between the coordinate axes are 45 degrees. Volume is added to the drawing by auxiliary lines, which are drawn inside the figure with light pressure, and the outline is drawn in bold, more dark color.

Portraits

Portraits can be drawn both from life and from photographs. Before drawing up an image, carefully consider what message the future drawing will convey. Learn to draw a portrait of a person correctly, not only in terms of proportionality and symmetry, but also to display real emotions. Another task of drawing an image of a person is to convey the maximum similarity of the person being copied. To achieve this, before you start drawing, consider all the details, highlight those features, “highlights” that you will focus on.

Graffiti on paper

Nowadays, graffiti painting is a fashionable movement that is gaining momentum. Many buildings are full of incomprehensible voluminous inscriptions, but quite often there are beautiful, professional drawings on the walls. To ensure that your paintings do not disfigure city buildings, but expensive paints not wasted, you need to practice on paper for a long time. First, try drawing the letters of the alphabet using a pencil. To give them volume, use auxiliary lines.

House

The ability to draw buildings is useful not only for children, but also for people of all ages. age groups, to easily compose pictures, for example, a house with a landscape. Buildings are very easy to draw using lines. You should start with a rectangle, adding a triangle, you will get the image of a house, this is how children draw it. With the help of simple techniques and additional lines, the house becomes voluminous.

Cars

To draw a car with a pencil, you must adhere to step by step plan:

1. Mark the outer outline of the car, dividing it in half with a line.
2. We draw the body with thicker lines.
3. Then we draw the wheels.
4. We draw out the details of the front part of the car: headlights, Windshield, bumper
5. We draw windows, doors, mirrors.

Animals

It is much more difficult to draw animals than objects, especially from life, because they constantly change their pose and are in motion. To draw an animal, for example, a horse, you need to decide on its characteristic features: thick mane, elongated muzzle, slender muscular legs. Look detailed instructions, . You may not be able to correctly portray your favorite cat or dog on the first try, but after several practices you will definitely succeed.

Video tutorials on drawing with a simple pencil for beginners

Video lessons - great way learning to draw on your own. Below is a selection of educational videos in which experienced artists clearly show how to create easy pencil drawings for beginners. After watching the video, you will learn how to draw Japanese cartoon characters - anime girls, and learn how to draw flowers. If you like landscapes, then watch the third video to the end, in which the artist paints nature, focusing special attention on the trees.

Drawing girls

How to draw flowers

Beautiful landscapes

How to Draw the Human Body

This article will focus on drawing with a pencil. If you want to learn how to draw, but can't get started, now is the time to start learning. Take a sheet of paper, a pencil and try it :) Let's start with drawing techniques.

Pencil drawing technique

There are two main drawing techniques - shading and pencil shading.

Hatching

Using strokes (short lines) you can very successfully convey the tone of an object. Depending on the number of strokes drawn, you can get different levels tone saturation (the fewer strokes, the lighter the tone, the more strokes, the darker). By the direction of the strokes you can convey the texture of the surface of the figure. For example, horizontal strokes will convey the surface of the water well, and vertical strokes will convey the grass.

Basically, shading is done with short, straight strokes with approximately the same distance between them. The strokes are applied to the paper with a pencil torn off. First, one thin line is made, then the pencil returns to the starting line, and in this way all other strokes are applied.

Cross hatching can be used to enhance the depth of tone. For example, horizontal shading is applied to the oblique shading, darkening the tone, then on what came out, you can apply oblique shading in the opposite direction to the first - this will darken it even more. The darkest in this case will be the tone where shading in all directions is combined.

Feathering

Shading is one of the main techniques that can be used when drawing for beginning artists. Using gradation of tone, you can add volume to your figure. In general, shading is special case shading. After applying the strokes, using the properties of pencil graphite and a special shading tool, they are shaded (smeared) until a uniform tone is obtained.

However, the implementation of shading itself has a number of features.

1. Shading of strokes must be done along the strokes, but not across. By shading along the strokes, you will achieve a more natural toning.
2. For shading, not only simple shading is used, but also zigzag strokes.

With the help of such techniques, you can depict anything on paper.

10 common mistakes that beginners make

Most people who like to draw take their first steps on their own. And even if it's just a hobby, they still make various sketches. We want to write about 10 possible errors, which all aspiring artists probably encounter.

1. Wrong pencil

If your shadows aren't coming out well, check the markings on your pencil. Most likely it is too hard. It is recommended to draw shadows with pencils marked B, 2B and 4B, but not HB.

2. Drawing from photographs

Every artist begins to draw from photographs. But very often photographs do not convey enough facial features to good drawing. When a person's face is positioned from the front, it will be difficult to correctly model their face on paper, since the perspective from behind the head disappears. Try taking a photo where the person's head is tilted slightly to the side. This way the portrait will be more realistic and with best transmission shadows

3. Wrong basic proportions

Very often people begin to immediately pay attention to details, drawing them completely without sketching the entire drawing. This is wrong because you are not planning the correct proportions in advance. First, it is advisable to sketch out the entire drawing, and only then draw in detail the details.

4. Crooked features

We are used to looking at a person directly and aligning them when drawing. As a result, the portrait comes out quite distorted. When drawing complex objects, first try to outline guidelines along which it will be easier to build the drawing later.

5. Drawing of animals

Usually we look down at our animal. This makes the head seem larger to us than the whole body, and normal proportionality is lost. Try to distract the animal so that it turns its muzzle to the side, then the drawing will come out more truthful.

6. Strokes

If you draw each hair or blade of grass separately, the drawing will come out disgusting. Try to make sharp sketches, going from dark to light.

7. Trees

Do not try to draw trees, flowers, and leaves with the correct shapes. Use outlines and penumbra for realism.

8. Wrong paper

Before you buy paper, test it on a sample piece of something light. The paper may be too smooth and the design will be faded. Also, the paper may be too stiff and the design will be quite flat.

9. Volume

When conveying volume, try not to use clear lines for the edges. They can be outlined by light lines of different tones.

10. Shadows

Very often it is not possible to apply shadows evenly. Try to use the full color range of the pencil, going from lightest to darkest. If you are afraid to overdo it with the dark, put a piece of paper under the edge, and all the black will be on it.

At first it may seem that pencil drawings are too ordinary and dull. But with the help of a pencil you can convey a huge amount of emotions.

A small selection of video channels based on pencil drawing:

From the author: If you are interested in painting, drawing, composition, and art in general, then this is the place for you! By profession I am a Painter-Monumentalist. Graduated from MGAHI named after. Surikov. On the Art Shima channel you will find videos in which I draw and paint in oils, and videos with tips. Since I know many techniques, you can feel free to ask questions, and I will be happy to answer them. By subscribing to my channel, you will be able to see all my new videos.

Interesting video lessons on any topic.

The work is more complicated, but with good description. If you really want it, it will happen.