Why the role of Lopakhin is central. Lopakhin's characterization from The Cherry Orchard

/ / / The image of Lopakhin in Chekhov's play "The Cherry Orchard"

Lopakhin in Chekhov's play is presented as a "man" from the people who, through his work, was able to earn a fortune. He is "gifted" by the author as the last chance to get out of this situation.

Yermolai is very smart and prudent. But the scheme he came up with to use the cherry orchard as an object that can be rented out as summer cottages is not taken seriously. He cannot understand why his "business plan" was not heard, why all his impulses to help are cut off. In the Ranevsky family, and in society as a whole, he is not recognized as one of his own. He still remains a "yard" peasant.

The arrogance and idle talk of the public irritates a man. He is decisive in his actions and demands the same from those around him. He equates delay with death, so Ranevskaya's waiting is killing him from the inside.

Yermolai really sincerely wants to help get out of the debt hole into which the Ranevskys fell. He does not share awe for cherry trees, memories and other nonsense, when practically the future of the family is at stake.

The man has warm feelings for Lyubov, tries to help her financially, but at some point he is internally disappointed in her, calling her a "woman". So he expresses his protest against the stupidity and hypocrisy that reign in the estate. He realizes that he wasted his precious time...

Lopakhin is not educated, he does not know how to express his feelings, and perhaps he simply hides them. Being a generous person by nature, he is used to paying in full for everything. However, it is not his intention to pay for what a person does not hold on to.

Lopakhin's relationship is very complex. They sympathize with each other, but the man's indecision to propose a hand and heart, force the girl to leave the estate. He feels that Varya is offended by him for "buying his whole life." This is also evidenced by the fact that she hands him the keys, defiantly throwing them on the floor. A man is not filled with pride. He picks up the bundle with a smirk, without judging the girl.

Being a simple man, Lopakhin still knows his worth. He wants others to appreciate his efforts and achievements. However, this does not happen and the man does not care what others think of him. He won, which means he is a winner. Against all odds, he was able to redeem this estate, in which his ancestors were in slavery. Yermolai is happy about this. He does not sympathize with the Ranevsky family at all. On the occasion of their departure, the merchant even buys champagne, which the lackey ends up drinking.

Lopakhin is one of the few in the play that appears before the reader as reasonable, a little stiff, but very kind person. He is used to earning money, solving his own problems on his own, and not holding anger or resentment against anyone. It has more of a business approach than an adventurous spirit.

Why is his Lopakhin not taken for his own, despite his condition? Just because he is different. He does not dedicate speeches to “closets”, he loves practicality, and most importantly, he has no time to waste his life on nonsense. He is happy because he is rich, and rich because he works, and this is the whole meaning of his life.

The purpose of the lesson. To give an idea of ​​the complexity and inconsistency of the "new master", of the morality that disfigures Lopakhin's soul.

Epigraph of the lesson. The role of Lopakhin is central. If it fails, then the whole play will fail. /A.P. Chekhov/.

Lesson form. Lesson - discussion.

During the classes.

opening speech teacher to the topic of the lesson.

2. Conversation (discussion) on issues with students

AT. What do we know about Yermolai Lopakhin? Why, when creating his portrait, Chekhov pays special attention to the details of clothing (white vest, yellow shoes), gait (walks, waving his arms, striding broadly, thinks while walking, walks in one line)? What do these details say?

AT. What features of Lopakhin are revealed in his attachment to Ranevskaya? Why the former owners do not accept Lopakhinsky's rescue project cherry orchard?

Lopakhin's attachment to Ranevskaya is not a relic of servile attachment to the former mistress, but a deep, sincere feeling which grew out of gratitude, out of respect for kindness and beauty. For the sake of Lyubov Andreevna, Lopakhin endures Gaev's lordly neglect. For her sake, he is ready to give up his interests: dreaming of taking possession of the estate, he nevertheless offers absolutely real project its preservation in the property of Ranevskaya and Gaev. The owners do not accept the project, and this is reflected in their impracticality. But in this case it has its own pretty side: it’s really unpleasant for them, it’s disgusting to think that in place of the cherry orchard there will be summer cottages. When Ranevskaya says:"Cut down? My dear, I'm sorry, you don't understand anything, - she's right in her own way.

Yes, Lopakhin does not understand that it is blasphemy to cut down such beauty, the most beautiful thing in the whole province. And, when Gaev, in response to Lopakhin's speech that the summer resident will take care of the household and make a gardenhappy, rich, luxurious says indignantly:"What nonsense!" - he is also right in his own way.

It is no coincidence that Chekhov puts the words into Lopakhin's mouth:“And it can be said that in twenty years the summer resident will multiply to extraordinary extent” .

AT. Can this be said about the people who decorate the earth? Why?

AT. Why does Petya Trofimov say that he loves Lopakhin, believes that he has thin, tender, soul and at the same time sees in him predatory beast ? How to understand it?

In Lopakhin two people live and fight among themselves -thin, tender soul and predatory beast . By nature, this, apparently, is a remarkable nature - a smart, strong-willed person and at the same time responsive to someone else's grief, capable of generosity, selflessness. Although his father raised him with a stick, he did not knock out good inclinations. It is possible that Ranevskaya, with her responsiveness and kindness, helped their development."You ... did so much for me once" , - Lopakhin tells her.

Who will win - man or beast? Most likely a beast!

AT. Reread the scene of Varya and Lopakhin's explanation. Why didn't he explain?

Many times - under the mild but persistent influence of Ranevskaya - he readily agreed to propose to Varya, and each time he evaded some awkward joke:"Okhmeliya, go to the monastery", or simply "Me-e-e."

What's the matter? Does not love? Shy, like every groom? Perhaps, but rather, the poor "bride" is right.“For the past two years everyone has been talking to me about him, but he is silent or joking. I understand. He is getting rich, busy with business, he is not up to me.

But is this the main reason? After all, there is not a penny for Varya.

AT. “We will set up dachas, and our grandchildren and great-grandchildren will see here new life», Lopakhin says. What could this life look like to him?

Lopakhin's ideals are vague. He is full of energy, he wants activity. “Sometimes when I can’t sleep, I think:“Lord, you gave us vast forests, vast fields, the deepest horizons, and living here, we ourselves should really be giants…”. But the activity of the acquirer increasingly influences his ideals. That's why the new happy life seems to him possiblecountry tithes , based on some entrepreneurial activity. But this, of course, is a chimera. Petya Trofimov says for sure that these dreams of Lopakhin come from habitwave your arms, that is, to imagine that money can do anything.“And also to build dachas, to expect that individual owners will come out of the dacha owners over time, to count in this way means to wave.”

Chekhov warned that Lopakhin was not a fist, and explained that Varya, a serious, religious girl, would not love a fist, but Lopakhin’s idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe future happiness is formulated by that atmosphere of acquisitiveness, business, which more and more tightens her.

AT. Lopakhin more than once throughout the play expresses dissatisfaction with life, calls it stupid, awkward, unhappy. What caused it?

Lopakhin cannot but feel sometimes the contradiction between the desire for goodness, happiness - and the life he leads: after all, to earnforty thousand pure , it is impossible to climb into millionaires without crushing anyone, without robbing, without pushing anyone out of the way. Lopakhin sometimes feels a painful split. This is especially clear in the scene of his courage after buying a cherry orchard. How democratic pride is mixed and mutually contradictory herebeaten illiterate Yermolai, who ran barefoot in winter, a descendant of serf slaves, and the triumph of a businessman after a successful deal in which he beat a competitor, and the roar of a predatory beast, and pity for Lyubov Andreevna, and the sharp discontent of thisawkward, unhappy life . And still last phrase Lopakhin in this scene:“I can pay for everything!” - this is as significant as the sound of an ax accompanying last action and finishing it.

AT. Does he feel confident? How much longer does Lopakhin "reign" on Russian soil?

AT. The last sound that ends the piece is the clatter of an axe. Why?

The persistent blows of the ax make one think that the old life is dying, that the former life is gone forever, and that the beauty bought by the predatory capitalist is dying.

Chekhov seeks to "ennoble" Lopakhin. He wrote to Stanislavsky:Lopakhin, it is true, is a merchant, but a decent person in every sense, he must behave quite decently, intelligently, not petty, without tricks. a putting the words into Trofimov's mouth:“Anyway, I still love you. You have thin, delicate fingers, like an artist's. You have a delicate tender soul" , I wanted to show a living face, and not a poster image of a merchant.

3.Reflection: Who, from your point of view, is Lopakhin?

4. Homework.

Compare the characters of the play (Anya and Petya) with the characters of the story "The Bride". How did Chekhov see the younger generation?

(354 words) In the play The Cherry Orchard, the playwright allegorically depicted the process of the gradual ruin of the nobility and the emergence of a new bourgeois class in its place - merchants, who turned from Ostrovsky's slovenly and ignorant heroes into polite, beautifully dressed and modern Lopakhins. It would seem that this change is for the better: Ranevskaya and Gaev are not able to help the country in deed. But is it? How did Chekhov portray the present in The Cherry Orchard?

Lopakhin came from the common people, but managed to become the master of life. “He’s just rich, there’s a lot of money, and if you think and figure it out, then a man is a man,” he introduces himself. The hero feels a lack of education and etiquette, admits this, but at the same time understands that courtesy and intelligence can be lost in a furious and gambling capitalist game.

The hero has mastered all the skills of a businessman. In particular, he maintains impeccable business communication. Although he comforts Ranevskaya with a soft, kind voice, he still does not cease to be a capitalist. The benefit for Lopakhin is above all. He inspires the heroine to sell him a cherry orchard, although he feels how painful it is for her to say goodbye to small homeland. At the same time, the businessman does not feel pity, that is, he does not belong to sensitive people. But he cannot be called cruel either: he does not reproach anyone for the serf past of his ancestors, he does not impose feelings of guilt on anyone for their slavery. It seems that Lopakhin lives only by business, and the emotional side of life does not concern him.

Lopakhin's characterization should begin with such a quality as determination. The cherry orchard is his old dream and he buys it. He measures everything in money, so all his goals revolve around them. Of course, the hero can be accused of narrow-mindedness, but capitalism is unthinkable without such people. It is they who create the market economy with its predatory laws and wild manners. Such an environment is necessary condition progress, so one character cannot be blamed for her sins. He is a part of this system, not its essence. If purposefulness is a positive property of businessmen, then the goals themselves are a vice of the system. This is confirmed by Lopakhin himself. With tears, he says: “It would be better if our awkward, unhappy life somehow changed.”

Chekhov showed the present in the image of Lopakhin not in best light, because he hoped that the predatory laws of the financial jungle would be replaced by the time of the intelligentsia, which is democratically and creatively minded, which will finally transform the world and establish justice.

Interesting? Save it on your wall!

The plot of the play "The Cherry Orchard" is based on the sale of the estate for debts. This family nest belonged to an aristocratic family, but its owner spent a lot of money abroad, and proper care was not provided for the estate. Although the daughters of Ranevskaya tried to live economically, her habits led to losses, and the estate went under the hammer.

The merchant E. A. Lopakhin plays one of the important roles in the play, previously he was a serf under the grandfather and father of Ranevskaya, and was engaged in trade in the shop. By the time described in the play, Lopakhin managed to get rich. The character himself is ironic to himself, saying that the man remained a man. Lopakhin says that his father did not teach him, but only beat him after drinking, which is why he himself, according to his speeches, is “a blockhead and an idiot”, he has bad handwriting, and did not undergo training.

Characteristics of the hero

Although Lopakhin was not trained, he can be called smart, he is also enterprising and has an enviable business acumen.

Also among the main qualities can be identified:

• energy. He leads a stormy activity;
• industrious. The character plants a poppy and does other work, earning his living;
• generous. Easily lends Ranevskaya and other people as much as he can;
• employment. A man constantly checks his watch, collects or describes immediately after returning;
• industrious. Without work, he does not know what to do with his hands.

Other participants in the play have different opinions about Lopakhin, Ranevskaya considers him interesting and good, but Gaev says that he is a boor. Simeonov-Pivshchik considers him a man of great intelligence, Petya Trofimov calls him a rich man, and yet he is positive. He also notes his subtle and obscure soul, gentle fingers, like an artist's.

The image of the hero in the play

(A. A. Pelevin— Lopakhin A.A., S. V. Giatsintova— Ranevskaya L.A., V.V. Maruta— Simeonov-Pishchik, Moscow Theatre. Lenin Komsomol, 1954)

It is Lopakhin who is the only active character, and his energy is directed to making money. The author wrote Lopakhin as central figure, and refers to people who appreciate art, and not just rake in money. The soul of the artist lives in the hero, he speaks gentle words, he was the only one who offered a way out of the situation - the restructuring of the garden. Lopakhin is secretly in love with Ranevskaya, understands the impracticability further fate estates under the same management, in general, he soberly assesses the situation. As a result, Lopakhin buys the estate at auction, but still understands the absurdity of his life, cannot live in harmony with himself.

What message is conveyed through Lopakhin?

(Alexander Savin— Lopakhin A.A., Galina Chumakova— Ranevskaya L.A., Youth Theater of Altai , 2016 )

Chekhov was very fond of viewing and showing Russia symbolically, putting more into each image. The play raises the question of who is the future of the country. In the history of the play, the words of the characters almost always diverge from their actions, as Ranevskaya, promising not to return to Paris, leaves, and Lopakhin admires the cherry orchard, but cuts it down.

Lopakhin clearly shows an example of human misunderstanding, in his heart he wanted to be with the landowner, and he was offered the idea of ​​​​marrying Vara. It broke his heart and tore at his subtle soul. In theory, he came out the winner, because the estate passed into his possession, but the result is tragic, and his feelings remained unshared.

Lopakhin, true, is a merchant, but a decent one

human in every sense.

A. Chekhov. From letters

The play "The Cherry Orchard" was written by Chekhov in 1903, when great social changes were brewing in Russia. The nobility collapsed, appeared new class- the bourgeoisie, whose representative in the play is Yermolai Lopakhin.

Chekhov persistently emphasized the significance and complexity of this image: “... Lopakhin's role is central. If it fails, then the whole play will fail.”

Lopakhin became the new owner of the cherry orchard, he is a symbol of the real Russia. What is it, is it real?

Lopakhin's father was a "man" - "he traded in a shop in the village." And about himself, Yermolai says this: “Just now he’s rich, there’s a lot of money, but if you think and figure it out, then a peasant is a peasant.”

This hero, apparently, inherited his love for work from his ancestors, and achieved everything in his life himself. His capital is not hereditary, but earned. Active and active, Lopakhin used to rely on his own strength in everything. He really has a “subtle, tender soul”, he knows how to feel beauty: he sincerely admires the garden, “more beautiful than which there is nothing in the world”, a flowering poppy field. And at the same time, his enthusiasm about the profitable sale of poppies is quite understandable.

Lopakhin cannot be considered a villain who made his way with malicious intent into a noble family. In fact, he is deeply decent and sincerely attached to Ranevskaya, who once did a lot of good for him: “... You, in fact, you once did so much for me that I ... love you like dear ... more than his own ... "That is why he wants to save Ranevskaya and Gaev from ruin, tries to teach them, calls for action and, seeing how weak-willed these people are, unable to solve even minor everyday problems, sometimes he comes in despair.

Like Ranevskaya, Lopakhin is attached to this house, this garden, but this attachment is of a completely different nature than memories of all the good things in life. Lopa-khin's father and grandfather were serf "slaves" in a house where "they were not even allowed into the kitchen." Having become the owner of the estate, Yermolai is proud and happy, he wants his ancestors to rejoice for him because "their Yermolai, beaten, illiterate Yermolai, who ran barefoot in winter," managed to advance in life. material from the site

Lopakhin dreams of "somehow changing our clumsy, unhappy life" and is ready to root out the terrible memory of the past. But in this case, his efficiency corrodes spirituality in him, and he himself understands this: he cannot read books - he falls asleep, he does not know how to deal with his love. Saving the cherry orchard, he cuts it down to rent out the land to summer residents, and beauty dies in his hands. He does not even have the tact to wait for the departure of the former owners.

From everything it is clear that Lopakhin feels himself the master of life, but the author is clearly not on the side of a man who mercilessly cuts the trunks of beautiful trees with an ax.

It seems to me that the image of Lopakhin is ambiguous, he cannot be called either exclusively a "predatory beast", or only the owner of a "subtle, tender soul." These qualities of character are combined in him, due to a difficult transition period in public life Russia. But the contradictions in the image of Lopakhin are precisely what make up the interest and drama of a new type of people - the masters of Russia in the present Chekhov.

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On this page, material on the topics:

• characterization of Lopakhin with quotes
• Loptin, a subtle tender soul or a predatory beast based on the play The Cherry Orchard
• Petya Trofimov says that he loves Lopakhin, believes that he has a delicate and tender soul, and at the same time sees him as a beast of prey. how to understand it?
• cherry orchard characteristic Lopakhin tender soul
• who is this Yermolai Lopakhin