Who can take on a maroon beret. Maroon berets - thinking out loud

The maroon beret is the symbol of a special forces unit. It can be worn only by those military personnel who were able to prove this right with their professional, physical and moral qualities. Also, the right to wear is automatically awarded to servicemen of special forces units and units who participated in hostilities and were seriously injured and injured, which do not allow them to participate in tests for the right to wear a beret.

Purpose of the test

There are two main purposes of testing. The first is the definition of military personnel who have the highest individual training to actions for the neutralization of armed criminals, the release of hostages, as well as to the implementation of various other tasks that arise in critical situations and emergency situations. The second goal is to create an incentive among the servicemen of the special forces troops to cultivate high moral and strong-willed qualities.

Military personnel who serve under a contract or conscription (but who have served at least six months in a special forces unit) are allowed to pass the tests. At the same time, a fighter must show excellent knowledge and skills in all subjects of combat training (and have an assessment in subjects not lower than “good”), and also receive positive reference on service. When passing the test for the right to wear a beret, the main subjects are special fire, special physical and tactical training of internal troops.

preliminary test

Before a fighter is allowed to pass qualification tests, he must pass the final test for the period of training under the program of special forces units. Wherein overall score should not be lower than "good", and the mark for special fire, special physical and tactical training of internal troops - "excellent".

Admission to the main tests for the maroon beret is carried out by the chairman of the Council of Maroon berets on the basis of the report of the unit commander and subject to the successful completion of the preliminary tests by the test subjects.

Preliminary tests include a 3000m run, a pull-up, and a 4x10 test that includes push-ups, crouching, lying down, abs, jumping squats, and is performed in seven repetitions.

All test takers must pass this test 2-3 days before the main qualification tests.

Main test

The main qualification tests are a set of exercises that are carried out within one day. The test includes a forced march of at least 10 km, followed by overcoming a special obstacle course in extreme conditions, testing training for storming high-rise buildings, acrobatics and hand-to-hand combat.

Before first stage test- forced march, briefing is carried out. All subjects line up on the parade ground, after which the unit commander conducts a briefing and gives the command to march.

During the forced march, the commander may be given the following introductory steps to perform: sudden “shelling” by the enemy, air attack, overcoming a water barrier, overcoming a site of contamination with poisonous substances, overcoming blockages, swampy areas and other natural obstacles, evacuating the wounded from the field combat, execution exercise, flexion and extension of the arms in the supine position. In this case, the obligatory input is only to overcome the water barrier.

The control time is set directly by the unit commander, and is determined depending on the season, weather conditions and the general terrain. Total time, allotted for the forced march should not exceed two hours. All military personnel who did not meet the control time for the passage of the forced march are not allowed to further tests. Also, very often during the forced march, various psychological tests of a provocative nature, which are aimed at revealing psychologically unstable servicemen.

next step obligatory test is overcoming a special obstacle course. This happens immediately, without preparation, immediately after the completion of the forced march.

During the first two stages, all subjects are accompanied by special instructors who already have a maroon beret, at the rate of 1 instructor per 5 subjects. They monitor how military personnel comply with the established standards, and, if necessary, organize and manage the evacuation of injured and unconscious subjects to a mobile medical station.

At the same time, it is strictly forbidden for instructors to provide any assistance to the subjects during their passage of a march or an obstacle course, as well as directly intervene in the process of passing the test, give any commands and orders, change the test program.

Also, 5-7 checkpoints are established along the entire route. They control the time of passing the test, and also those military personnel who are more than 50 meters behind the main group of subjects are removed from the forced march.

The charges, which are installed for detonation on a special obstacle course, must be hung on poles to enhance the sound power, as well as to prevent the throwing of stones and other objects during the explosion. The area where the charges are located must be marked with red tape and signposts with the inscription "Explosive, no passage!".

Smoke on the obstacle course is carried out using products RDG-2B and RDG-2Ch of low intensity. They are installed in such a way that obstacles and control marks are visible, in order to avoid deviating the subjects from the route.

After the soldiers successfully pass a special obstacle course, in order to check the condition of the weapon after passing the first two stages, they must make one blank shot from it. This is done in the following way.

All subjects , who have passed the march throw and overcame the obstacle course, line up in one line. The commander announces the list by name, after which the serviceman, whose last name was named, goes out of order, sends a blank cartridge from the magazine into the chamber of the machine gun and fires upward. If the weapon misfires, the serviceman is not allowed to further tests.

After checking the weapon, there isthird stagea mandatory test for a maroon beret is a test of high-speed shooting skills against the background of body fatigue. The test subjects move to the firing line to perform a special training exercise of firing from a machine gun. The commander must organize the shooting in such a way that it takes no more than 20 seconds for one test subject.

next step a mandatory test is to test the skills of a soldier in storming high-rise buildings using special descending equipment. The test is carried out on a special five-story building.

The course is the following. The subject starts one step from the window of the room on the 5th floor. At the command of the commander, he connects the carabiner of the belay device to his halyard and begins to descend. Having reached the window opening on the fourth floor, he must fire a burst of five blank cartridges from the machine gun. In the window opening of the third floor, the subject must prepare an imitation grenade for throwing, and having reached the window opening of the second floor, he kicks out a mock-up of the window frame and throws the grenade there. After that, the subject descends to the ground.

The time to complete this test shall be no more than 45 seconds. Everyone who didn't fit in given time, are not allowed to proceed to the next steps.

The next fifth step test is the performance of acrobatic exercises. The subject must perform the following exercises one after the other without installation: kip-up from a supine position, a kick on the silhouette, followed by a somersault and a somersault forward from an acrobatic springboard or a flip bridge.

Then comes the stage performing 1, 2, 3, 4 sets of special exercises. In order for the complex to be counted as completed, the subject must perform everything clearly, without failures and errors, in strict sequence, and with high quality of individual blocks and strikes.

The last and most important step testing for the right to wear a maroon beret is the conduct of training fights. The duel is held for 12 minutes without stopping with the change of 4 partners. One of the partners is necessarily an inspector who already has a maroon beret. Enduring final stage recognizes a soldier who went all 12 minutes without a knockout, and at the same time he was actively active during the whole time. Based on the results of the training duel, an assessment of “why” or “failure” is given. It is given by the inspector who participated in sparring with the subject, as well as by the members of the certification committee who controlled the fights of the subjects.

Under the terms of the test, within 12 minutes of the training battle, you can ask for medical care on the site, lasting no more than 1 minute.

One examiner must check three subjects in turn. If about conducting a training fight, when two test subjects participate in sparring, they behave passively with each other, they break a couple, and inspectors conduct fights with each of them. If the subjects still behave passively during the fight, they are again broken.

Very often, during a training duel, inspectors make a gross mistake. This is when the inspectors are replaced by a "fresh" person, who ultimately carries out practically beating the subject already tired with loads and training combat. Also, in the history of qualifying tests for the right to wear a maroon beret, there were cases when the inspectors themselves were deprived of maroon berets because they were not able to conduct 12 minutes of a training duel.

The most important thing when conducting tests is the decision of the doctor. By his decision, the subject may be removed from further testing.

Evaluation of test performance

At the time of the certification exam, a special commission is created in the unit, which is given by order for the unit. At each stage of passing the exam, members of the commission evaluate the behavior of the subject, entering the result of the exercise performed into the protocols. At all stages, the subject receives the mark "pass" or "fail". In case of receiving a negative assessment, the subject is not allowed to continue the exam. Also during the test, comments may be made, which are also recorded in the protocol. If there are three comments, the subject is also removed from the test. A maroon beret can only be received by a serviceman who has passed all the tests with a “pass” rating.

Presentation of a maroon beret

When successful completion tests, the serviceman is handed a maroon beret. This happens when general construction parts and in a solemn atmosphere.

The serviceman, who was able to prove the right to wear a maroon beret, turns to face the ranks, drops to his right knee, kisses the beret and puts it on his head. Then he puts his hand to the headdress and loudly pronounces the phrase “I serve the Fatherland! And SWAT!

After that, the results of passing the test for the right to wear a maroon beret are drawn up in a special act and are given by order in parts. Based on it, a soldier has the right to wear a maroon beret with everyday and dress uniforms clothes. Also, in the column of the military beret “Special Marks”, an entry is made about the right to wear a maroon beret, which is sealed with the official seal of the unit.

In addition to passing the mandatory test, the maroon beret may also be awarded according to the decision of the maroon beret council in the following cases:

• For courage and courage shown by servicemen in the performance of military duty in combat operations and special operations.

• When a soldier receives serious wounds, mutilations or contusions during special operations or in the course of hostilities, which do not allow, for health reasons, to pass tests for a maroon beret.

• Servicemen of formations, districts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - for special merits in the development of special forces and units.

Deprivation of the right to wear a maroon beret

Also, in the event that a soldier wearing a maroon beret commits misconduct that discredits high rank soldier of a special forces unit, he may be deprived of the further right to wear a maroon beret. The fact of discrediting is determined by the following actions:

• The manifestation of elements of cowardice and cowardice in the course of hostilities.

• Miscalculations and unreasonable actions that entailed the death of comrades, disruption of a combat mission and other grave consequences.

• Reducing the level of their physical and special training.

• The use of special hand-to-hand combat techniques outside the combat situation and for selfish purposes.

• Allowing for inappropriate relationships.

• Gross violations of general military regulations and criminal law.

• Systematic violation of military discipline.

It should be noted that the decision to deprive the right to wear a maroon beret can only be made by the council of maroon berets and at the request of the unit commander.

Tests for wearing a maroon beret can be carried out at least once every six months. When passing the test for the right to wear a maroon beret by servicemen of the support and maintenance units of a special-purpose military unit, they are not subjected to a high-altitude training test, but are checked to meet the standards in their specialty. When passing all the tests, a mobile medical center is deployed.

When passing tests, military personnel are equipped as follows. For the first four stages, starting with the forced march, and ending with the test of the ability to storm buildings, the person being tested must be wearing a bulletproof vest, a protective helmet and a service weapon. For acrobatic test - field uniform and sneakers. For training fights - a protective vest, a motorcycle open helmet and boxing gloves.

The maroon beret is not only a headdress, but also an indicator of the high level of training of a special forces officer. Every year, special forces soldiers take an exam in order to prove their ability to overcome difficult trials.

preliminary test

Any soldier serving under a contract or conscription can take the exam for wearing a maroon beret. To do this, you must serve in the special forces for at least six months, get a positive reference from the commander and have excellent grades in academic subjects.

The pre-test is held 2-3 days before the main exam. It consists of a 3k run, pull-ups, and a test that includes crouching and lying down, push-ups, abdominal exercises, jumping out of a crouching position. All these exercises are repeated seven times.

Main test

Within one day, applicants must overcome seven tests: forced march, a special obstacle course, training for the assault of high-rise buildings, acrobatics and hand-to-hand combat.

The first stage of the test is the forced march. A prerequisite is to overcome the water barrier. Depending on the order of the commander, it may include shelling, evacuation of the wounded, overcoming various obstacles and blockages, and performing physical exercises. The total time allotted for the forced march is set based on weather conditions and terrain, but should not exceed two hours.

The next step is to overcome the obstacle course in extreme conditions. It is performed immediately after the forced march without the right to rest. Charges and products of RDG-2B are installed on the strip. Obligatory condition is smoke obstruction strip.

The third stage of testing includes high-speed shooting against the background of body fatigue. The time allotted for shooting is no more than 20 seconds. To perform this special exercise, applicants go to the firing line.

The fourth stage consists of assaulting high-rise buildings using descending equipment. The fighter starts the test from the window on the fifth floor. At the command of the commander, it begins to descend. Having reached the window on the fourth floor, he is obliged to fire several shots from the machine gun. In the window opening of the second floor, he should knock out the model of the frame with his foot and throw a grenade there. After that, it descends to the ground.

The control time of this test shall not exceed 45 seconds.

At the fifth stage, applicants need to complete a set of acrobatic exercises. It includes: kicking with a somersault and a somersault forward from a springboard, lifting the body from a supine position.

This is followed by the stage of performing a set of special exercises. The test subject is required correct execution, without errors and stops, in strict sequence, and high quality strokes.

The final stage includes hand-to-hand combat. A training duel lasts no more than 12 minutes, without stops, with a change of partners. The one who actively acted and did not get a knockout is recognized as having passed the test.

Test evaluation

In part, a special commission is created to evaluate the behavior of applicants. In all tests, she test subject receives a pass or fail. After receiving a bad assessment, the applicant is removed from the competition. All applicants who have received a “pass” rating for all tests receive a long-awaited

Maroon beret is a symbol and pride of special forces units. However, in order to get a maroon beret, you must pass a series of difficult tests, proving your physical and psychological fitness.

The maroon beret is not only a headdress, but also an indicator of the high level of training of a special forces officer. Every year, special forces soldiers take an exam in order to prove their ability to overcome difficult trials.

preliminary test

Any soldier serving under a contract or conscription can take the exam for wearing a maroon beret. To do this, you must serve in the special forces for at least six months, get a positive reference from the commander and have excellent grades in academic subjects.

The pre-test is held 2-3 days before the main exam. It consists of a 3k run, pull-ups, and a test that includes crouching and lying down, push-ups, abdominal exercises, jumping out of a crouching position. All these exercises are repeated seven times.

Main test

Within one day, applicants must overcome seven tests: forced march, a special obstacle course, training for the assault of high-rise buildings, acrobatics and hand-to-hand combat.

The first stage of the test is the forced march. A prerequisite is to overcome the water barrier. Depending on the order of the commander, it may include shelling, evacuation of the wounded, overcoming various obstacles and blockages, and performing physical exercises. The total time allotted for the forced march is set based on weather conditions and terrain, but should not exceed two hours.

The next step is to overcome the obstacle course in extreme conditions. It is performed immediately after the forced march without the right to rest. Charges and products of RDG-2B are installed on the strip. Obligatory condition is smoke obstruction strip.

The third stage of testing includes high-speed shooting against the background of body fatigue. The time allotted for shooting is no more than 20 seconds. To perform this special exercise, applicants go to the firing line.

The fourth stage consists of assaulting high-rise buildings using descending equipment. The fighter starts the test from the window on the fifth floor. At the command of the commander, it begins to descend. Having reached the window on the fourth floor, he is obliged to fire several shots from the machine gun. In the window opening of the second floor, he should knock out the model of the frame with his foot and throw a grenade there. After that, it descends to the ground.

The control time of this test shall not exceed 45 seconds.

At the fifth stage, applicants need to complete a set of acrobatic exercises. It includes: kicking with a somersault and a somersault forward from a springboard, lifting the body from a supine position.

This is followed by the stage of performing a set of special exercises. The subject is required to perform correctly, without errors and stops, in strict sequence, and with high quality strikes.

The final stage includes hand-to-hand combat. A training duel lasts no more than 12 minutes, without stops, with a change of partners. The one who actively acted and did not get a knockout is recognized as having passed the test.

Test evaluation

In part, a special commission is created to evaluate the behavior of applicants. In all tests, she test subject receives a pass or fail. After receiving a bad assessment, the applicant is removed from the competition. All applicants who have received a “pass” rating in all tests receive the long-awaited maroon beret.

The right to wear a maroon beret is considered a matter of extraordinary pride for the special forces of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and surrendering to a maroon beret can, in all likelihood, be considered the most difficult test for all military personnel of the internal troops and for employees of special forces of the internal affairs bodies.

In the process of testing, the stability of military personnel is subjected to the most diverse and multifaceted checks. Their endurance skills of colossal physical exertion are tested, strong-willed qualities, aspiration to follow to complete success, and, of course, the level of moral and psychological preparation are tested.

Special Forces VV: a little history about the maroon beret

What special semantic load does wearing a maroon beret carry? And anyway, why do these berets actually have an unusual red color, maroon? It is known, for example, that Airborne troops, as well as the GRU special forces are worn as everyday form clothes berets of sky-blue colors. Not so long ago, the Air Force military personnel were given the right to wear similar headgear, and even then under certain special circumstances.

So, if everything is pretty clear with paratroopers and GRU officers, then what explains the colors of the berets of the special forces of the internal troops? The right to wear a maroon beret is reserved for military personnel and special forces soldiers who have a sufficiently high degree of professionalism, physical and moral-psychological qualities, and who have successfully completed qualification tests.

Moreover, the provision of a maroon beret can be carried out for the manifestation of courage and courage during the performance official duties, as well as for outstanding services in the formation of special forces. The maroon color corresponds to the color of the maroon epaulettes worn by conscripts of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. The same color was present on the bands of headdresses in the system of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Initially, maroon berets were adopted as a uniform headgear for the special forces of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs in 1978 in one special unit. It was the 9th training company of special forces in the 3rd battalion, in the 2nd regiment of OMSDON (Separate Motorized Rifle Division for Special Purposes). Lieutenant General A. G. Sidorov, the head of the training of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, supported and approved this idea.

Moreover, he personally gave instructions to make an order to one clothing factory for sewing the first 25 berets from maroon fabric itself. In addition, in order to make it clear to everyone that a commando was standing in front of him, they decided to tilt the maroon beret not to the right ear, as is customary when wearing ordinary berets, but to the left. The very first fighter who became the owner of a maroon beret was a conscript soldier - Sergeant Georgy Stolbusenko.

There was talk that the 9th company was formed specifically for the Olympics-80. Moreover, it was then believed that it was after the demonstration performances of maroon berets before the start of the Olympiad itself that those who were plotting provocations abruptly lost their desire to do this, seeing who they would have to meet in case of something.

Special Forces VV: endurance or strength, what to give preference to?

And today in these, as in many other Russian special forces, special attention is always paid to the development of endurance, and not to increasing the level of strength training. For the elite special forces of the explosives, this is of no small importance, because in order to pass the exam for the maroon beret, you have to make a twelve-kilometer forced march with full equipment. In the process of passing the distance, the warriors will have to face the implementation of many tasks. And the forced march is not the only element of the tasks that will need to be completed during the checks for the right to wear a maroon beret.

Special forces: surrender to maroon beret, standards

Before testing, a certification commission is formed in the unit. Prior to this, the number of likely participants is determined, and their professional suitability is also checked. All this happens through the delivery of standards for physical training. In addition, fire, tactical, special physical training is assessed. If these tests are rated lower than "excellent", then military personnel are simply not allowed to take exams.

The tests that would-be contestants will have to face include a three-kilometer run, pull-ups, and a special four-exercise routine. Exercises include push-ups, crouching, ab presses, and jumping up from a semi-squat position. All this is performed in the order of 7X10. Passage of preliminary tests is carried out two to three days before the start of the main tests.

What is the purpose of testing for passing on a maroon beret

The main purpose of qualification tests is considered to be the selection of the most trained military personnel who have increased individual physical and fire skills. In the future, such fighters will be treated in a special way, because they will be very valuable specialists who will have to face real, especially dangerous criminals.

As already mentioned, the tests are based on a 12-kilometer forced march. Each fighter puts on all the equipment, including uniforms and personal weapons. Actually at this stage of the competition weed out most likely participants. However, if an insufficient number of fighters has been sifted out, the distance increases until the required number is sifted out.

Forced march includes running through the mountains, forcing swampy terrain and ponds, carrying comrades, crawling in a plastunsky manner, and others. Following the forced march, the soldiers pass through a fire-assault obstacle course. After passing it with a personal weapon, a single shot is fired upwards to check the condition of the weapon. In the event of a misfire, participants are disqualified.

Next, fire training is taken, despite the strong fatigue of the fighters, which significantly affects the accuracy and accuracy of fire. After the shooting range, the soldiers begin the assault on the five-story building. Using special equipment, they descend from the roof and open fire on targets. At the same time, it is forbidden to hit targets imitating hostages. When landing, the fighters must have time to use the radio station to report on the end of the assault.

Acrobatic trials and hand-to-hand combat

And finally, the decisive and most difficult test - continuous hand-to-hand combat. Examinees who have reached this stage will fight for 12 minutes, 3X4. During the battles, the warriors will fight each other, and the two remaining rivals will be the owners of maroon berets. This is very difficult, because the tested commandos are on the verge of exhaustion, and their rivals (“nettles”) are in excellent shape.

During the period of hand-to-hand combat, the main condition for the subjects is to prevent a knockout. However, when fighting passively, warriors can receive a warning. In the process of fighting, warriors can be seriously injured, but this is the high price to pay for getting a maroon beret.

The current passing of the test for obtaining a maroon beret

To date, military personnel serving in the internal troops do not pass examinations to receive a maroon beret. Now the so-called veteran surrender to the maroon beret is being carried out. Only people who have completed military service in the army, as well as contract servicemen, can take part in it.

Maroon beret is a symbol of courage, honor and dignity of the military personnel of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus, who have high level combat and ideological training and successfully passed qualification tests for the right to wear it (From the position "On the maroon beret").

Beret, as an element of uniform, is popular in many armies of the world and mainly hallmark special forces and other elite units.

The time of birth of the maroon beret is associated with the formation in 1978, on the eve of the Moscow Olympiad, training company special purpose (URSN) in the division. F. Dzerzhinsky. Later, the famous special forces detachment "Vityaz" grew out of it. The idea to take an exam for the right to wear a maroon beret was born by the former commander of the Vityaz, Hero of Russia S. Lysyuk. “It all started with reading the book Alpha Team by Miklós Saba, a former US Special Forces soldier,” Lysyuk recalls. - As the author writes, in the American special forces, nothing was ever given just like that, everything had to be earned. The right to wear a green beret was earned through grueling trials, through blood and sweat. The book made me very strong impression and prompted the idea to establish in her unit an exam for the right to wear a maroon beret, so that it was not just a headdress, but became a sign of the highest qualification of a special forces officer. I told my friend Viktor Putilov about this at the beginning of 1988. He supported me, and together we developed the conditions for passing exams in special physical and tactical special training, which, with minor changes, are still held to this day in all special forces units of the internal troops ”(based on the materials of the Bratishka magazine).

In Belarus, the first tests for the right to wear a maroon beret took place in May 1993. The idea to carry out a “surrender to the beret” in the internal troops was put forward by the “krapovik” officers of the special purpose battalion (military unit 3214), those who underwent such tests in Russia. The standards and requirements of the Russian “surrender” formed the basis. Then the first owners of the maroon beret in Belarus were 20 people. To date, about 600 servicemen have been tested.

Since 1993, tests have traditionally been held twice a year - in spring and autumn. The rules have not changed much, only the material base is being improved.

Traditionally, “surrender” takes place in four stages:

The first is designed to demonstrate physical fitness. Pull-ups on the crossbar, acrobatic exercises (somersaults from a running start, somersault jump through a window), fighting techniques and throws, running for 100 and 3000 meters are evaluated.

The second, third and fourth stages are held on the same day.

At the second stage, the candidates make a combined forced march 10-12 kilometers long to the area of ​​the special operation, throughout the entire stage the candidate is exposed to fire, smoke, imitation means.

At the third stage, candidates perform fire missions to destroy the "enemy" from various kinds small arms: submachine gun, pistol, machine gun.

The fourth stage is perhaps the most difficult. It lasts only 12 minutes, but fighters often call it "12 minutes of hell." The time is divided into 4 periods - 3 minutes each. This is what the hand-to-hand combat is all about. Each round - with a new (fresh!) opponent - "nettle".

The one who passed this tough exam is awarded the Maroon Beret and thus he is accepted into the elite group of those chosen ones who were able to prove that they are the best of the best.

The award ceremony itself is held in a solemn atmosphere. The serviceman, accepting the award, gets down on one knee, kisses the maroon beret. Rising from his knees, he says: "I serve the Republic of Belarus." Even the most courageous at the time of receiving the beret often breaks through a tear.

The internal troops of Belarus have a voluntary public organization, consisting of military personnel - owners of the Maroon Beret - the Council of Maroon Berets.

The Council of Maroon Berets may deprive a soldier of the right to wear a maroon beret for certain offenses, including systematic violation of military discipline, exceeding the limits of necessary defense, hazing, reducing physical or special training, committing disciplinary offenses, crimes, including those not related to military service.