The mysterious death of Maxim Gorky. Unknown facts from the life of Gorky

Love the book, it will make your life easier, it will help you sort out the colorful and stormy confusion of thoughts, feelings, events, it will teach you to respect people and yourself, it inspires your mind and heart with a feeling of love for the world, for people.

Maxim Gorky

In their early works the great Russian writer Gorky sang the idea of ​​a free man. The image of a petrel became the embodiment of the ideas of freedom.

In the novel "Mother" Gorky showed the idea of ​​revolution as the idea of ​​renewal of life and even illuminated this idea with the name of Christ. It was during the era of the 1905 revolution that Gorky staged The Demons.

In 1917, Gorky writes letters to the newspaper " New life"which will then be named" By untimely thoughts"Gorky here asks the question of what new the Russian revolution gives and how it changes Russian life. Answering all these questions, Gorky comes to the conclusion that the events taking place are not a socialist revolution, but a rampant of zoological instincts: “conscience died out,” a total separation of politics and morality. The government that carried out the revolution is carrying out a cruel experiment on the Russian people, and the people, in turn, display the most cruel instincts. In the midst of the storm of the revolution, Gorky preaches a sermon of non-violence.

Gorky leaves Russia and stays abroad for a long time, but the authorities new country A company is being organized to “lure” him out. Later he becomes a puppet in the hands of Stalin.

Gorky, with his world authority and talents, was necessary for Stalin to create his own image, a portrait of a great ruler, as well as to justify the violent actions that he was preparing. Now many cruel ideas will be introduced into the masses through the consciousness of the Russian writer. Then Gorky appears with the famous slogan: “If the enemy does not surrender, he is destroyed.” Gorky justifies collectivization and argues that dispossession has become necessary measure. He blesses the Gulag and praises the White Sea Canal.

After the revolution of 1917, “...Gorky fiercely stood up for persecuted poets and writers (in his House of Arts they also had a room Green, And Gumilyov). He won't let either Greene or Blok, he will get medicine and rations, give work in his publishing house “World Literature”. His abandoned wife, with the knowledge of her husband, will become an active worker in the Political Red Cross. He will save whoever he can (among the intellectuals) from the clutches of the Cheka. He would have saved Gumilyov, if he agreed to renounce, to lie. Let all this be credited to him Where all our sins and good deeds are weighed.

In 1934, Gorky was the wedding chairman of the First All-Union Congress of Sovpis. And that’s it - the Bolsheviks and Stalin squeezed him dry . In May 1934, the NKVD removed Maxim (he probably said something unnecessary or wanted to escape). And on June 18, 1936, Maxim Gorky died in Gorki. He was also poisoned; he should not have lived to see the Great Trials of 1937-1938.

He called for a storm, and this storm deprived him of his son, honor, good name and talent (he has not written anything since 1928). And then she finished him off. Well! Loons, penguins, seagulls, snakes and other sensible inhabitants of the earth, sea and nearby skies warned him of the consequences.”

Novodvorskaya V.I. , Poets and Tsars, M., “Ast”, 2010, p. 277-279.

Gorky Maxim

Last day

A.M.Gorky

Last day

Anton Matveevich Pamorkhov did not sleep all night, feeling somehow especially, in a new bad way - his heart sank, as a result of which his large, flabby body, growing cold, fell apart, spread across the wide bed, and although the long-standing aching pain in his legs disappeared in these minutes, but the loss of the usual sensation was also unpleasant.

The darkness in the bedroom moved terribly, like fog over a swamp, creating vague, plump figures, and Pamorkhov listened intently to the worm sharpening the wood of the mirror cabinet, still waiting for someone to call him quietly:

The darkness came to life especially alarmingly at dawn, when it hid in the corners, little by little opening the mirror in the closet door, and in the mirror the reflection of something huge gradually grew and became clear - it tossed and turned, swelling and falling, breathing with a whistle and groaning muffledly.

Pamorkhov did not soon realize that it was him, his body; and when he understood, he felt himself in an unprecedented split with himself, as if he were one being, and his body was another, hostilely separated from him, sucking from the darkness a multitude of painful and anxious feelings, it lives by them, and everything real about Pamorkhov - his cheerful thoughts, playful desires - everything is squeezed out of him.

Next to him, Capitolina was fast asleep, lying, as always, face down, tightly wrapping her head in a blanket and not breathing, as if she were dead.

At dawn, it seemed to Pamorkhov that a red snake-boa constrictor was sitting in a chair near the closet - sitting, bent with a question mark, motionlessly aiming a large, dull copper-colored eye at Pamorkhov's face.

In this painful split, Pamorkhov lay until almost noon, closing his eyes, trying not to move, so as not to completely tear himself in two.

Late in the morning he dozed off and did not hear the woman leave; he was awakened by the rain insistently knocking on the bedroom shutters.

He got up with the same feeling of discord, of splitting, washed, put on a gray robe with a velvet crimson collar and the same cuffs, looked at his unshaven, bluish, plush face in the mirror for a long time with a surprised look from his bulging eyes, looked without thinking about anything, and churned everything up with his hand a thick head of gray, curly hair.

Cheer up, Anton! - he said unexpectedly for himself and grinned pitifully.

Then, reluctantly drinking a cup of coffee in the dining room, he walked into the empty, cold hall, heavily moving his unruly feet in fur shoes, thrusting thumbs for the cord-belt. As he walked, he sang, hoarsely and out of tune:

At the hour when...

I sang and thought:

“There’s no need to show her anything... Write to your sister...” He stopped, choking, his lungs seemed to be filled with water. He coughed, shaking his heavy head, his face turned blue, the color of his neck became the same color as the collar of his robe, his eyes rolled out of their sockets like glass balls, his thick lower lip hung down, revealing loose boar teeth. But, having cleared his throat and rested, he sang again:

Quiet la-ya...

He stopped and said, looking into the door of the gloomy living room:

Three notes left, do you hear?

Quietly and as if through sleep, Capitolina answered:

Quiet. Pamorkhov, standing in the middle of the hall, looks around, wrinkling his face. Chairs with curved legs and backs in the shape of lyres stand decorously along the walls; in the walls there are two mirrors in dull gold frames, as if they had smallpox; on one mirror stand there is a clumsy bronze clock under a glass cover, its blue pendulum motionless; on the other, a porcelain lady pitifully shows an ugly little leg. To the left, against the wall, a piano grinned, and in the corner, dark leaves and gray aerial roots of a huge philodendron, reaching to the ceiling, were disgracefully hung.

“Yes,” said Pamorkhov, turning his back to the mirror and looking into the black hole of the fireplace. - Things...

At the hour when...

On the fireplace, the Kishtym cast iron shines as if oiled: Bedouins riding on thin-legged horses are waving long guns. Black squares of photographs and engravings on the wall are like windows cut into the darkness. On both sides of the fireplace there are ficus trees, miserably poor in leaves.

R-ra,” Pamorkhov growls, moving again to the windows, “it’s time to put in the winter frames...

The sky is tightly covered with an angry, monochromatic gray cloud, the earth is faded, only the pine trees, cleanly washed by the autumn rains, are green and bright, and - alien to everything - red bunches of rowan sway on bare branches. The crowns of pine trees and the branches of rowan trees poked into the sky from behind the brown, coffin-lid roof of the zemstvo barracks for infectious children.

Pamorkhov’s house is on a hill, from the windows you can see almost the entire city of Dremov, the dark houses are sliding towards the Piyanaya River, pushing two churches downhill, once white, now peeling and as if beaten. The river is not visible behind the roofs, meadows and fields beyond the river are visible; Black and red stripes of arable land alternate boringly, trees stick out, as if drawn by the inept hand of a child. Jackdaws and crows hung like black balls on the black branches.

Cows scurry across damp arable fields, small toy horses walk, but there are no people, only someone looms alone along the dark ribbon of the road. He walks quickly and, as if measuring the ground, waves his stick, throwing it forward.

Well? - Pamorkhov mutters offendedly, blinking and frowning. - Everyone will die...

The whole earth seems to be saturated with resentment, yearning, ready to howl, moan, and shed tears like a woman every minute. This lonely man on the road also runs away from his offense by telling someone:

Well, God be with you, if I’m bad, I’ll leave...

Pamorkhov, blinking, watched him and realized: with this move, in an hour and a half he would arrive in Tychki, by eight o’clock - in Khrapovo, and by midnight - at the Lisiy Gon station. If you get into a freight-passenger train at four o'clock in the morning and go to the left, tomorrow you will be in Arzamas, and then, through Nizhny, to Moscow... But if you go to the right, you can also get to Moscow.

Fool! - Pamorkhov said loudly after the man and, coughing, asked:

Kapochka, what time is it?

Two, to... seven. It looks like you spat on the floor?

Into a flower. Tell them to light the fireplace. What are you reading?

Touchard-Lafosse, "Chronicle of the Round Window".

Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia

Maksim Gorky - literary pseudonym Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov, the incorrect use of the writer’s real name in combination with a pseudonym is also well-established - Alexey Maksimovich Gorky, (March 16 (28), 1868, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian empire- June 18, 1936, Gorki, Moscow region, USSR) - Russian writer, prose writer, playwright. One of the most significant and famous Russian writers and thinkers in the world. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, he became famous as the author of works with a revolutionary tendency, personally close to the Social Democrats and in opposition to the tsarist regime.

Initially, Gorky was skeptical about the October Revolution. However, after several years of cultural work in Soviet Russia(in Petrograd he headed the publishing house “World Literature”, interceded with the Bolsheviks on behalf of those arrested) and life abroad in the 1920s (Berlin, Marienbad, Sorrento), returned to the USSR, where in the last years of his life he received official recognition as the founder of socialist realism.

Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov was born in Nizhny Novgorod, in the family of a carpenter (according to another version, the manager of the Astrakhan office of the shipping company I.S. Kolchin) - Maxim Savvatyevich Peshkov (1840-1871), who was the son of a soldier demoted from the officers. M. S. Peshkov worked as a manager of a shipping office in the last years of his life, but died of cholera. Mother - Varvara Vasilievna, nee Kashirina (1842-1879) - from a bourgeois family; Having become a widow at an early age, she remarried and died of consumption. Gorky’s grandfather Savvaty Peshkov rose to the rank of officer, but was demoted and exiled to Siberia “for cruel treatment of lower ranks,” after which he enrolled as a bourgeois. His son Maxim ran away from his father five times and at the age of 17 he left home forever. Orphaned early, Gorky spent his childhood in the house of his grandfather Kashirin. From the age of 11 he was forced to go “into the people”: he worked as a “boy” in a store, as a buffet cook on a steamship, as a baker, studied in an icon-painting workshop, etc.

In 1884 he tried to enter Kazan University. I became acquainted with Marxist literature and propaganda work.
In 1888, he was arrested for connections with N. E. Fedoseev’s circle. He was under constant police surveillance. In October 1888, he became a watchman at the Dobrinka station of the Gryaze-Tsaritsyn Railway. Impressions from his stay in Dobrinka will serve as the basis for the autobiographical story “The Watchman” and the story “Boredom for the Sake.”
In January 1889, at a personal request (a complaint in verse), he was transferred to the Borisoglebsk station, then as a weighmaster to the Krutaya station.
In the spring of 1891 he set out to wander and soon reached the Caucasus.

Literary and social activities

In 1892 he first appeared in print with the story “Makar Chudra”. Returning to Nizhny Novgorod, he publishes reviews and feuilletons in Volzhsky Vestnik, Samara Gazeta, Nizhny Novgorod Listok, etc.
1895 - “Chelkash”, “Old Woman Izergil”.
1896 - Gorky writes a response to the first cinematic session in Nizhny Novgorod:

And suddenly something clicks, everything disappears, and a railway train appears on the screen. He rushes like an arrow straight towards you - watch out! It seems that he is about to rush into the darkness in which you are sitting, and turn you into a torn bag of skin, full of crumpled meat and crushed bones, and destroy, turn into rubble and dust this hall and this building where there is so much wine , women, music and vice.

1897 - " Former people", "The Orlov Spouses", "Malva", "Konovalov".
From October 1897 to mid-January 1898, he lived in the village of Kamenka (now the city of Kuvshinovo, Tver Region) in the apartment of his friend Nikolai Zakharovich Vasiliev, who worked at the Kamensk paper factory and led an illegal workers' Marxist circle. Subsequently, the life impressions of this period served the writer as material for the novel “The Life of Klim Samgin.”
1898 - The publishing house of Dorovatsky and A.P. Charushnikov published the first volume of Gorky's works. In those years, the circulation of the young author's first book rarely exceeded 1000 copies. A. I. Bogdanovich advised to release the first two volumes of M. Gorky’s “Essays and Stories”, 1200 copies each. Publishers “took a chance” and released more. The first volume of the 1st edition of “Essays and Stories” was published in a circulation of 3,000 copies.
1899 - novel “Foma Gordeev”, prose poem “Song of the Falcon”.
1900-1901 - the novel “Three”, personal acquaintance with Chekhov and Tolstoy.

1900-1913 - participates in the work of the publishing house "Knowledge".
March 1901 - “Song of the Petrel” was created by M. Gorky in Nizhny Novgorod. Participation in Marxist workers' circles Nizhny Novgorod, Sormova, St. Petersburg; wrote a proclamation calling for the fight against autocracy. Arrested and expelled from Nizhny Novgorod.

In 1901, M. Gorky turned to drama. Creates the plays “The Bourgeois” (1901), “At the Lower Depths” (1902). In 1902, he became the godfather and adoptive father of the Jew Zinovy ​​Sverdlov, who took the surname Peshkov and converted to Orthodoxy. This was necessary in order for Zinovy ​​to receive the right to live in Moscow.
February 21 - election of M. Gorky to honorary academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in the category of fine literature.

In 1902, Gorky was elected an honorary member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences... But before Gorky could exercise his new rights, his election was annulled by the government, since the newly elected academician was “under police surveillance.” In this regard, Chekhov and Korolenko refused membership in the Academy

1904-1905 - writes the plays “Summer Residents”, “Children of the Sun”, “Barbarians”. Meets Lenin. For the revolutionary proclamation and in connection with the execution on January 9, he was arrested and imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress. Famous artists G. Hauptmann, A. France, O. Rodin, T. Hardy, J. Meredith, Italian writers G. Deledda, M. Rapisardi, E. de Amicis, composer G. Puccini, philosopher B. spoke in defense of Gorky. Croce and other representatives of creative and scientific world from Germany, France, England. Student demonstrations took place in Rome. Under public pressure, he was released on bail on February 14, 1905. Participant in the revolution of 1905-1907. In November 1905 he joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party.

1906, February - Gorky and Maria Andreeva travel through Europe to America. Abroad, the writer creates satirical pamphlets about the “bourgeois” culture of France and the USA (“My Interviews”, “In America”). He writes the play “Enemies” and creates the novel “Mother”. Due to tuberculosis, he settled in Italy on the island of Capri, where he lived for 7 years (from 1906 to 1913). Checked into the prestigious Quisisana Hotel. From March 1909 to February 1911 he lived at the Villa Spinola (now Bering), stayed at the villas (they have commemorative plaques about his stay) Blesius (from 1906 to 1909) and Serfina (now Pierina) ). On Capri, Gorky wrote “Confession” (1908), where his philosophical differences with Lenin and rapprochement with the god-builders Lunacharsky and Bogdanov were clearly outlined.

1907 - delegate with the right of advisory vote to the V Congress of the RSDLP.
1908 - play “The Last”, story “The Life of an Useless Person”.
1909 - the stories “The Town of Okurov”, “The Life of Matvey Kozhemyakin”.
1913 - Gorky edits the Bolshevik newspapers Zvezda and Pravda, art department Bolshevik magazine "Prosveshchenie", publishes the first collection of proletarian writers. Writes "Tales of Italy".
At the end of December 1913, after the announcement of a general amnesty on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of the Romanovs, Gorky returned to Russia and settled in St. Petersburg.

1914 - founded the journal “Letopis” and the publishing house “Parus”.
1912-1916 - M. Gorky creates a series of stories and essays that made up the collection “Across Rus'”, autobiographical stories “Childhood”, “In People”. In 1916, the Parus publishing house published the autobiographical story “In People” and a series of essays “Across Rus'.” The last part of the trilogy, “My Universities,” was written in 1923.
1917-1919 - M. Gorky does a lot of social and political work, criticizes the methods of the Bolsheviks, condemns their attitude towards the old intelligentsia, saves a number of its representatives from Bolshevik repression and famine.

Emigration

1921 - M. Gorky’s departure abroad. Official reason departure was the resumption of his illness and the need, at Lenin’s insistence, to be treated abroad. According to another version, Gorky was forced to leave due to worsening ideological differences with the established government. In 1921-1923 lived in Helsingfors (Helsinki), Berlin, Prague.
Since 1924 he lived in Italy, in Sorrento. Published memoirs about Lenin.
1925 - novel “The Artamonov Case”.

1928 - at the invitation of the Soviet government and Stalin personally, he tours the country, during which Gorky is shown the achievements of the USSR, which are reflected in the series of essays “Around the Soviet Union.”
1929 - Gorky visits the Solovetsky special purpose camp and writes a laudatory review of its regime. A fragment of A. I. Solzhenitsyn’s work “The Gulag Archipelago” is dedicated to this fact.

Return to the USSR

(From November 1935 to June 1936)

1932 - Gorky returns to Soviet Union. The government provided him former mansion Ryabushinsky on Spiridonovka, dachas in Gorki and Teselli (Crimea). Here he receives Stalin’s order - to prepare the ground for the 1st Congress of Soviet Writers, and for this to carry out preparatory work among them.
Gorky created many newspapers and magazines: the book series “History of factories and factories”, “History civil war", "Poet's Library", "History young man XIX century", the magazine "Literary Studies", he writes the plays "Yegor Bulychev and others" (1932), "Dostigaev and others" (1933).

1934 - Gorky conducts I All-Union Congress Soviet writers, gives a keynote speech.
1934 - co-editor of the book “Stalin Canal”.
In 1925-1936 he wrote the novel “The Life of Klim Samgin”, which remained unfinished.
On May 11, 1934, Gorky’s son, Maxim Peshkov, unexpectedly dies. M. Gorky died on June 18, 1936 in Gorki, having outlived his son by a little more than two years.
After his death, he was cremated and his ashes were placed in an urn in the Kremlin wall on Red Square in Moscow.

The circumstances of the death of Maxim Gorky and his son are considered “suspicious” by many; there were rumors of poisoning, which, however, were not confirmed. At the funeral, among others, Molotov and Stalin carried Gorky’s coffin. It is interesting that among other accusations against Genrikh Yagoda at the Third Moscow Trial in 1938 was the accusation of poisoning Gorky’s son. According to Yagoda's interrogations, Maxim Gorky was killed on Trotsky's orders, and the murder of Gorky's son, Maxim Peshkov, was his personal initiative. Some publications blame Stalin for Gorky's death. An important precedent for the medical side of the accusations in the “Doctors' Case” was the Third Moscow Trial (1938), where among the defendants were three doctors (Kazakov, Levin and Pletnev), accused of the murders of Gorky and others.

“Here medicine is innocent...” This is exactly what doctors Levin and Pletnev initially said, who treated the writer in the last months of his life and were later brought in as defendants in the trial of the “right-wing Trotskyist bloc.” Soon, however, they “admitted” deliberately incorrect treatment...
and even “showed” that their accomplices were nurses who gave the patient up to 40 injections of camphor per day. But how it really was consensus No.
Historian L. Fleischlan directly writes: “The fact of Gorky’s murder can be considered immutably established.” V. Khodasevich, on the contrary, believes in the natural cause of the death of the proletarian writer.

On the night when Maxim Gorky was dying, a terrible thunderstorm broke out at the state-owned dacha in Gorki-10.

The autopsy of the body was carried out right here, in the bedroom, on the table. The doctors were in a hurry. “When he died,” recalled Gorky’s secretary Pyotr Kryuchkov, “the doctors’ attitude towards him changed. For them he became just a corpse...

He was treated horribly. The orderly began to change his clothes and turned him from side to side, like a log. The autopsy began... Then they began to wash the insides. They sewed up the cut somehow with simple twine. The brain was put in a bucket..."

This bucket, intended for the Brain Institute, was personally carried by Kryuchkov to the car.

In Kryuchkov’s memoirs there is a strange entry: “Alexei Maksimovich died on the 8th.”

The writer’s widow Ekaterina Peshkova recalls: “June 8, 6 p.m. Alexey Maksimovich’s condition deteriorated so much that the doctors, having lost hope, warned us that a near end was inevitable... Alexey Maksimovich is in a chair with his eyes closed, with his head bowed, leaning on something on one hand, then on the other, pressed to the temple and resting his elbow on the arm of the chair.

The pulse was barely noticeable, uneven, breathing became weaker, the face and ears and limbs of the hands turned blue. After a while, when we entered, hiccups began, restless movements of his hands, with which he seemed to be moving something away or taking something off..."

And suddenly the mise-en-scene changes... New faces appear. They waited in the living room. Stalin, Molotov and Voroshilov enter the resurrected Gorky with a cheerful gait. They had already been informed that Gorky was dying. They came to say goodbye. Behind the scenes is the head of the NKVD, Genrikh Yagoda. He arrived before Stalin. The leader didn't like it.

“Why is this guy hanging out here? So that he wouldn’t be here.”

Stalin behaves like a master in the house. He scared Genrikh and intimidated Kryuchkov. "Why so many people? Who is responsible for this? Do you know what we can do to you?"

The “owner” has arrived... The leading party is his! All relatives and friends become only corps de ballet.

When Stalin, Molotov and Voroshilov entered the bedroom, Gorky came to his senses so much that they started talking about literature. Gorky began to praise women writers, mentioned Karavaeva - and how many of them, how many more will appear, and everyone needs to be supported... Stalin playfully besieged Gorky: “We’ll talk about the matter when you get better.
If you are planning to get sick, get better soon. Or maybe there’s wine in the house, we’d like to drink a glass to your health.”

They brought wine... Everyone drank... As they left, at the door, Stalin, Molotov and Voroshilov waved their hands. When they came out, Gorky allegedly said: “What good guys! How much strength they have...”

But how much can you trust these memories of Peshkova? In 1964, when asked by American journalist Isaac Levin about Gorky’s death, she answered: “Don’t ask me about that! I won’t be able to sleep for three days...”

The second time Stalin and his comrades came to the mortally ill Gorky on June 10 at two o’clock in the morning. But why? Gorky was sleeping. No matter how afraid the doctors were, Stalin was not allowed in. Stalin's third visit took place on June 12. Gorky did not sleep. The doctors gave us ten minutes to talk. What were they talking about? About Bolotnikov's peasant uprising... We moved on to the situation of the French peasantry.

It turns out that on June 8, the main concern of the Secretary General and Gorky, who returned from the other world, was writers, and on the 12th, French peasants became the main concern. All this is somehow very strange.

The leader’s visits seemed to magically revive Gorky. It was as if he did not dare to die without Stalin’s permission. This is incredible, but Budberg will say this directly:
“He essentially died on the 8th, and if not for Stalin’s visit, he would hardly have returned to life.”

Stalin was not a member of the Gorky family. This means that the attempted night invasion was out of necessity. And on the 8th, and the 10th, and the 12th, Stalin needed or straight Talk with Gorky, or a steely confidence that such a frank conversation would not take place with someone else. For example, with Louis Aragon traveling from France. What would Gorky say, what statement could he make?

After Gorky’s death, Kryuchkov was accused of having “killed” Gorky’s son Maxim Peshkov with doctors Levin and Pletnev, on Yagoda’s instructions, using “sabotage methods of treatment.” But why?

If we follow the testimony of other defendants, the political calculations were made by the “customers” - Bukharin, Rykov and Zinoviev. In this way, they allegedly wanted to speed up the death of Gorky himself, carrying out the task of their “leader” Trotsky. Nevertheless, even at this trial there was no talk of the direct murder of Gorky. This version would be too incredible, because the patient was surrounded by 17 (!) doctors.

One of the first to speak about the poisoning of Gorky was the emigrant revolutionary B.I. Nikolaevsky. Allegedly, Gorky was presented with a bonbonniere containing poisoned sweets. But the candy version doesn't stand up to scrutiny.

Gorky did not like sweets, but he loved to treat them to guests, orderlies and, finally, his beloved granddaughters. Thus, it was possible to poison anyone around Gorky with sweets, except himself. Only an idiot could plan such a murder. Neither Stalin nor Yagoda were idiots.

There is no evidence of the murder of Gorky and his son Maxim. Meanwhile, tyrants also have the right to the presumption of innocence. Stalin committed enough crimes to pin one more on him - unproven.

The reality is this: on June 18, 1936, the great Russian writer Maxim Gorky died. His body, contrary to the will to bury him next to his son in the cemetery of the Novodevichy Convent, was cremated by order of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, and the urn with the ashes was placed in the Kremlin wall.

Softmixer.com›2011/06/blog-post_18.html

The purpose of this article is to find out the real reason the passing away of the Russian writer ALEXEY MAKSIMOVITCH PESHKOV according to his FULL NAME code.

Watch "Logicology - about the fate of man" in advance.

Let's look at the FULL NAME code tables. \If there is a shift in numbers and letters on your screen, adjust the image scale\.

16 22 47 58 73 76 77 89 95 106 124 130 140 153 154 165 183 193 206 221 224 234 258
P E S H K O V A L E K S E Y M A K S I M O V I C H
258 242 236 211 200 185 182 181 169 163 152 134 128 118 105 104 93 75 65 52 37 34 24

1 13 19 30 48 54 64 77 78 89 107 117 130 145 148 158 182 198 204 229 240 255 258
A L E K S E Y M A K S I M O V I C H P E S H K O V
258 257 245 239 228 210 204 194 181 180 169 151 141 128 113 110 100 76 60 54 29 18 3

PESHKOV ALEXEY MAKSIMOVICH = 258 = NATURAL DEATH.

258 = 77-SHORT\Oxygen\+ 181-SHORTAGE OF OXYGEN.

258 = OXYGEN STARVATION of myocardium\.

258 = 165-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION\ a\ + 93-INFARCTION.

258 = 58-FROM IN\ myocardial infarction...\ + 200-FROM MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION\ a\.

258 = HYPOXIA OF THE HEART MYOCARDIUM\a\.

258 = 228-HEALTH LEADING TO DEATH + 30-...CT (the end of the word INFARCTION leading towards death).

Let's check this statement:

10 24 45 46 63 74 93
I N F A R K T
93 83 69 48 47 30 19

We see the numbers 19, 30, 48, 93

Let's decrypt individual columns:

89 = DEATH
_____
181 = 77-SHORTAGE + 104-OXYGEN

198 = SUDDEN DEATH
_____________________________
76 = LACK OF Oxygen

145 = PASSED AWAY
___________________________________________________
128 = FROM HYPOXIA = MYOCARDIUM WITHOUT CIS\ oxygen \ = FROM INFARCTION

140 = MYOCARDIUM WITHOUT ACID\orod\
__________________________________
128 = MYOCARDIUM WITHOUT CIS\lord\

193 = MYOCARDIUM WITHOUT OXYGEN
__________________________________
75 = HEART

73 = MYOCARDIA
___________________________________
200 = FROM MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION\ a\

154 = MYOCARDIAL STARVATION\ a\
________________________________
105 = FASTING MI\ okarda\

165 = NOT ENOUGH
_______________________
104 = OXYGEN

Reference:

Myocardial hypoxia is a condition in which the heart muscle, and the myocardium is the muscle of the heart, does not receive the required amount of oxygen.
ddhealth.ru›bolezni-i-lechenie/1190…miocarda

DATE OF DEATH code: 06/18/1936. This = 18 + 06 + 19 + 36 = 79 = FROM HYPO\ xia\ = FROM INF\ arcta\.

258 = 79 + 179-THE END IS COME.

Code of full DATE OF DEATH = 226-EIGHTEENTH OF JUNE + 55-\ 19 + 36 \-\ code of YEAR OF DEATH \-DIES = 281.

281 = 75-HEART + 206-OXYGEN HUNGRY = HEARTBEAT ENDED.

281 - 258-\ FULL NAME code\ = 23 = MI\ ocard\.

Number code full YEARS LIFE = 177-SIXTY + 84-EIGHT = 261 = SUDDEN MYOCARAL INFARCTION\ yes\.

Let's look at the column:

89 = DEATH
______________________________
180 = SIXTY V\ axis\

180 - 89 = 91 = DYING.

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Are you sure that he is a great Russian??? Very doubtful...
Maxim Gorky (real name and surname - Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov; 1868–1936), thanks to his pre-revolutionary writings, enjoyed a reputation as a friend of the poor and a fighter for social justice. Meanwhile, sympathy for people of the social “bottom” merged in these works with arguments that all Russian life is a complete “lead abomination” (“The Town of Okurov”, “The Life of Matvey Kozhemyakin”, etc.). Gorky argued that the Russian soul, by its very nature, is “cowardly” and “morbidly evil” (he considered the most successful portrait of it to be the disgusting old voluptuous Fyodor Karamazov from Dostoevsky’s novel). He wrote about “the sadistic cruelty inherent in the Russian people” (afterword to the book by S. Gusev-Orenburgsky about Jewish pogroms in Ukraine, 1923). Perhaps no publicist has written with such hostility about any nation - except perhaps Hitler's ideologists about the Jews. Such accusations as those expressed by Gorky in his work “On the Russian Peasantry” are brought only against those whom it is decided to destroy.
And Gorky took part in this destruction direct participation. In 1905 he joined the RSDLP. In 1917, having disagreed with the Bolsheviks over the issue of the timeliness of their coup, he formally remained outside the party. He was rich and could afford to live in a villa on the island from 1906 to 1914. Capri and sacrifice large sums to the party treasury. He financed Lenin's newspapers Iskra and Vpered. During the December rebellion of 1905, his Moscow apartment, guarded by a Caucasian squad, became a workshop where bombs were made; where they brought weapons for the militants. In 1906, Gorky went on a tour of America and collected about 10 thousand dollars for the Bolsheviks. After the newspapers published his proclamation, “Don’t give money to the Russian government,” the United States refused to give Russia a half-billion-dollar loan. Gorky thanked America by describing it as a gloomy “country of the yellow devil.”
After 1917, Gorky continued to collaborate with the Bolsheviks. Often criticizing their policies in words (with their full permission), he actually took part in their actions. For example, in 1919, on behalf of the Bolsheviks, he formed an expert Commission, the conclusions of which served as the basis for the export of many works of art abroad. This devastated the largest art repositories in Russia.
Although Gorky understood that “the commissars treat Russia as material for experiment” and that “Bolshevism is a national misfortune,” he continued to be on friendly terms with new government and with its leader whom in the essay “Vladimir Ilyich Lenin” (1920; not to be confused with the later “V.I. Lenin”) he equated to saints (I.A. Bunin called this article a “shameless akathist”).
From 1921 to 1931 Gorky lived abroad, mainly in Italy. Even from abroad, the proletarian writer sanctified with his authority death sentences imposed on absurd charges. Returning to the USSR, he energetically became involved in an all-out hunt for imaginary “enemies” and “spies.” In 1929–1931 Gorky regularly published articles in Pravda, which later formed the collection “Let's Be on Guard!” They urge readers to look around them for saboteurs who have secretly betrayed the cause of communism. The most famous of these articles is “If the enemy does not surrender, he is destroyed” (1930); its title became a kind of motto for the whole Soviet politics. At the same time, Gorky, like those who admired him punitive authorities, to attach the label “enemy” did not need any evidence. The most worst enemies, in his opinion, are those against whom there is no evidence. “Gorky doesn’t just sing in the choir of accusers - he writes music for this choir,” states Swiss researcher J. Niva.
The language of these articles by the “humanist writer” is striking: people here are constantly called flies, tapeworms, parasites, semi-human creatures, degenerates. “There are traitors, traitors, spies among the mass of workers of the Union of Soviets... It is quite natural that the workers’ and peasants’ government beats its enemies like a louse.” At the same time, Gorky praised the “historically and scientifically grounded, truly universal, proletarian humanism of Marx - Lenin - Stalin” (article “Proletarian Humanism”); admired “how simple and accessible the wise Comrade Stalin is” (“Letter to the delegates of the All-Union Congress of Collective Farmers-Shock Workers”). Preserving his long-standing hatred of the peasantry, Gorky reminded that “the power of the peasant is a socially unhealthy force and that the cultural-political, consistent work of Lenin-Stalin is aimed precisely at eradicating this “power” from the consciousness of the peasant, for this power exists... instinct of the small owner, expressed, as we know, in the forms of zoological bestiality" (" Open letter A. S. Serafimovich", 1934). Let us remember that this was published in the years when the most hardworking and economic peasants (“kulaks”) were shot or evicted to the permafrost zone.
In support of the “case of the Industrial Party” fabricated by the OGPU, Gorky wrote the play “Somov and Others” (1930). In accordance with this absurd process, it has bred pest engineers who are slowing down production to spite the people. In the finale, “fair retribution” comes in the form of OGPU agents, who arrest not only the engineers, but also former teacher singing (his crime was that he “poisoned” Soviet youth with conversations about the soul and ancient music). In the articles “To Workers and Peasants” and “Humanists,” Gorky supports an equally ridiculous accusation against Professor Ryazanov and his “accomplices,” who were shot for “organizing a food famine.”
Gorky did not necessarily approve of all repressions. The arrests of the old Bolsheviks, fighters against the “damned tsarism,” worried him. In 1932, he even expressed his bewilderment about the arrest of L. Kamenev to the head of the security officers, G. Yagoda. But the fate of millions condemned to death ordinary people he was not so perplexed. In 1929, Gorky visited the Solovetsky camp. One of the young prisoners, seeing him as a defender of the oppressed, risked telling him about the monstrous living conditions in this camp. Gorky shed tears, but after his conversation with the boy (who was almost immediately shot) in the “Book of Reviews” of the Solovetsky camp, he left enthusiastic praise for the jailers.
In 1934, the collection “The White Sea-Baltic Canal named after Stalin” was published under the editorship of Gorky. The book supports all the crazy accusations of those years: that engineers, for example, poison female workers with arsenic in factory canteens and secretly break machines. The concentration camp is depicted as a beacon of progress; it is claimed that no one dies in it (in reality, at least 100,000 prisoners died during the construction of the White Sea Canal). Speaking to the canal builders on August 25, 1933, Gorky admired “how the OGPU re-educates people” and spoke with tears of tenderness about the excessive modesty of the security officers. According to A.I. Solzhenitsyn’s assessment, given by him in “The Gulag Archipelago,” in the book “The White Sea-Baltic Canal named after Stalin,” Gorky glorified slave labor for the first time in Russian literature.
Regardless of whether Gorky’s talent is considered first-class or exaggerated by the press; regardless of whether to believe in his sincerity or in the fact that in his soul he did not approve of Stalin’s policies; Regardless of whether one trusts the version that the 68-year-old writer, who had been treated for a long time for consumption, died not from illness, but from poison ordered by the Kremlin, the fact remains: Gorky contributed to the organized murder of millions of innocent people.

Alexey Peshkov, better known as the writer Maxim Gorky, for Russian and Soviet literature iconic figure. He was nominated five times Nobel Prize, was the most published Soviet author throughout the existence of the USSR and was considered on a par with Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin and the main creator of Russian literary art.

Alexey Peshkov - future Maxim Gorky | Pandia

He was born in the town of Kanavino, which at that time was located in the Nizhny Novgorod province, and is now one of the districts of Nizhny Novgorod. His father Maxim Peshkov was a carpenter, and in the last years of his life he managed a shipping company. Vasilievna’s mother died of consumption, so Alyosha Peshkova’s parents were replaced by her grandmother Akulina Ivanovna. From the age of 11, the boy was forced to start working: Maxim Gorky was a messenger at a store, a barman on a ship, an assistant to a baker and an icon painter. The biography of Maxim Gorky is reflected by him personally in the stories “Childhood”, “In People” and “My Universities”.

Photo of Gorky in his youth | Poetic portal

After an unsuccessful attempt to become a student at Kazan University and arrest due to connections with a Marxist circle future writer became a watchman at railway. And at the age of 23, the young man set off to wander around the country and managed to reach the Caucasus on foot. It was during this journey that Maxim Gorky briefly wrote down his thoughts, which would later become the basis for his future works. By the way, the first stories of Maxim Gorky also began to be published around that time.

Alexey Peshkov, who took the pseudonym Gorky | Nostalgia

Having already become famous writer, Alexey Peshkov leaves for the United States, then moves to Italy. This did not happen at all because of problems with the authorities, as some sources sometimes present, but because of changes in family life. Although abroad, Gorky continues to write revolutionary books. He returned to Russia in 1913, settled in St. Petersburg and began working for various publishing houses.

It is curious that with all the Marxist views October Revolution Peshkov was quite skeptical. After the Civil War, Maxim Gorky, who had some disagreements with the new government, again went abroad, but in 1932 he finally returned home.

Writer

The first published story by Maxim Gorky was the famous “Makar Chudra,” which was published in 1892. And the two-volume “Essays and Stories” brought fame to the writer. Interestingly, the circulation of these volumes was almost three times higher than what was usually accepted in those years. Of the most popular works From that period it is worth noting the stories “Old Woman Izergil”, “Former People”, “Chelkash”, “Twenty Six and One”, as well as the poem “Song of the Falcon”. Another poem, “Song of the Petrel,” has become a textbook. Maxim Gorky devoted a lot of time to children's literature. He wrote a number of fairy tales, for example, “Sparrow”, “Samovar”, “Tales of Italy”, published the first special children's magazine in the Soviet Union and organized holidays for children from poor families.

Legendary Soviet writer | Kyiv Jewish Community

Very important for understanding the writer’s work are Maxim Gorky’s plays “At the Lower Depths,” “The Bourgeois” and “Yegor Bulychov and Others,” in which he reveals the playwright’s talent and shows how he sees the life around him. Big cultural significance for Russian literature they have the stories “Childhood” and “In People”, social novels“Mother” and “The Artamonov Case”. Last job Gorky’s epic novel “The Life of Klim Samgin” is considered, which has a second title “Forty Years”. The writer worked on this manuscript for 11 years, but never managed to finish it.

Personal life

The personal life of Maxim Gorky was quite stormy. He married for the first and officially only time at the age of 28. The young man met his wife Ekaterina Volzhina at the Samara Newspaper publishing house, where the girl worked as a proofreader. A year after the wedding, a son, Maxim, appeared in the family, and soon a daughter, Ekaterina, named after her mother. The writer was also raised by his godson Zinovy ​​Sverdlov, who later took the surname Peshkov.

With his first wife Ekaterina Volzhina | Livejournal

But Gorky's love quickly disappeared. He began to feel burdened family life and their marriage to Ekaterina Volzhina turned into a parental union: they lived together solely because of the children. When little daughter Katya died unexpectedly, this tragic event became the impetus for the severance of family ties. However, Maxim Gorky and his wife remained friends until the end of their lives and maintained correspondence.

With his second wife, actress Maria Andreeva | Livejournal

After separating from his wife, Maxim Gorky, with the help of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, met the Moscow Art Theater actress Maria Andreeva, who became his de facto wife for the next 16 years. It was because of her work that the writer left for America and Italy. From her previous relationship, the actress had a daughter, Ekaterina, and a son, Andrei, who were raised by Maxim Peshkov-Gorky. But after the revolution, Andreeva became interested in party work and began to pay less attention to her family, so in 1919 this relationship came to an end.

With third wife Maria Budberg and writer H.G. Wells | Livejournal

Gorky himself put an end to it, declaring that he was leaving for Maria Budberg, a former baroness and part-time his secretary. The writer lived with this woman for 13 years. The marriage, like the previous one, was unregistered. Last wife Maxima Gorky was 24 years younger than him, and all his acquaintances were aware that she was “having affairs” on the side. One of Gorky's wife's lovers was the English science fiction writer Herbert Wells, to whom she left immediately after the death of her actual husband. There is a huge possibility that Maria Budberg, who had a reputation as an adventurer and clearly collaborated with the NKVD, could be a double agent and also work for British intelligence.

Death

After his final return to his homeland in 1932, Maxim Gorky worked in the publishing houses of newspapers and magazines, created a series of books “History of Factories”, “Library of the Poet”, “History of the Civil War”, organized and conducted the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Writers. After the unexpected death of his son from pneumonia, the writer wilted. During his next visit to Maxim’s grave, he caught a bad cold. Gorky had a fever for three weeks, which led to his death on June 18, 1936. Body Soviet writer was cremated, and the ashes were placed in the Kremlin wall on Red Square. But first, Maxim Gorky’s brain was extracted and transferred to the Research Institute for further study.

In the last years of life | Digital library

Later, the question was raised several times that the legendary writer and his son could have been poisoned. In this case there was people's commissar Genrikh Yagoda, who was the lover of Maxim Peshkov's wife. They also suspected involvement and even. During the repressions and the consideration of the famous “Doctors’ Case,” three doctors were blamed, including the death of Maxim Gorky.

Books by Maxim Gorky

• 1899 - Foma Gordeev
• 1902 - At the bottom
• 1906 - Mother
• 1908 - The life of an unnecessary person
• 1914 - Childhood
• 1916 - In People
• 1923 - My universities
• 1925 - Artamonov case
• 1931 - Egor Bulychov and others
• 1936 - Life of Klim Samgin