The human face in stages. Draw a person's face: a master class for beginners with photo and video materials

Hello dear readers of my blog. I'm in touch with you, Timur Mustaev. More recently, I started to get involved in pencil drawing. My buddy is so good at it that I asked him for a couple of lessons. And I also asked him to write an article, specifically for beginners in drawing, such as me, which describes in detail all the stages of drawing. Today, in this article, he shares his tips and secrets.

Before I start, I want to reveal the secret of how my friend learned to draw. He took a video course Draw a portrait from a photo"and the result is on the face. Moreover, the author of the course promises a full refund if you do not learn how to draw. But as my friend says, this is simply not possible! The course is very clear and everything is shown with examples.

Draw a portrait from a photo

Drawing something is not easy, but the process of mastering the technique of creating a portrait will go much faster if you take a few tips from this article into service.

After all, as it happens, you seem to draw, erase, draw again, harass "tons" of paper, but there are no results. What is the reason for such failures?

The thing is that when trying to draw the eyes, nose or other parts of the model, beginners lose sight of the fact that the picture should be written from the whole to the particular.

How to draw a portrait with a pencil step by step for beginners? Moving from simple to complex. I'll give you an example. Remember how a man emerges from the fog? First, vague outlines appear. With the disappearance of haze, facial features become clearer. It should also be on paper.

There are three angles: profile, full face and half turn - the so-called three-quarters.

Beginners may be advised to try to paint a portrait of a person sitting in three-quarters or to the side. Then, when the technique of creating a face in a half-turn has been perfected, it will be possible to work on more complex techniques, writing a face full face.

However, if you believe in yourself, you can try to draw a straight sitting person from life.

Where to start?

The frame or basis of the portrait is the oval of the head and the points of location of the eyes, ears, chin, nose, eyebrows. To make it clearer, I will show you how to mark the contours of the face. Take, for example, the portrait of a girl.

What shape of head does she have? ovoid? Round? Oval with a square chin?

You can buy here.

Extend the pencil in your hand, pointing it towards the model. Mark the distance between the top of the head and the chin on paper. Also note the width. Now put all these values ​​on paper using dots, not forgetting about proportions and scale.

To draw from a photo, measure the parameters with a ruler, outline the estimated width and height of the head. Write the shape of the head.

Remember that the width of the head is ¾ of the height. In reality, there may be deviations of 1-2 cm. So, carefully measure the height and width, check their ratio.

The outlines should be light and delicate, barely noticeable. An HB pencil is suitable for this. Now you are ready for the next step.

Many try to master the art of drawing a portrait, but they fail. Either the nose is swollen, like a pig's, or the eyes are too small. It is important at this stage to compare the standard with the original (model or photo).

Each person has his own characteristics. It can be wide cheekbones, a large bulbous nose, deep-set eyes. Look and notice. How do you usually draw? Where do you start your work?

Reference

The golden rule of portrait painters is the so-called standard. A unique masterpiece, that is, a face, is subsequently molded from it.

It included the following components:

1. The segment exactly in the middle between the crown of the head and the chin indicates the line of the eyes.
2. The next line runs in the middle between the eyebrow line and the end of the chin. This is the nose line.
3. Divide the segment between the nose and chin into three parts. The lower border of the upper third is the location of the lips. It can be a little higher or lower, it all depends on the characteristics of the person.
4. To find the brow line, divide the height of your head by three and a half. Half of the three parts indicates the hairline. The second feature behind it is the eyebrow line. The third feature is the line of the nose.

After you have outlined the oval, mark the protruding elements:

• cheekbones;
• chin.

Divide your face in half vertically. In the case of a half turn, see an example.

The line passes and divides the "egg" in half. One half should be smaller than the other, as it is farther away.

chopping head

In professional art schools novice portrait painters study the so-called "stump". This is a human head, presented in a simplified version.

We will try to draw a kind of stump of our model in a simple design.

This is the second stage.

Note the characteristics of the person:

• the thickness of the cheekbones, the inflowing and protruding parts of the face, a kind of relief;
• the thickness of the bridge of the nose, the base of the nose;
• the width and height of the eyes, their location;
• thickness and width of the lips;
• eyebrows, their bend, direction, thickness;
• chin shape: triangular, square, etc.

Now, let me show you how to draw eyes.

Spherical mirrors

The eyes are a round sphere. This roundness must be conveyed on the sheet. At the same time, the whites of the eyes are never left white, but set off, adding a nut. To make it clear that the eye has a spherical shape.

Finding the eye is pretty easy. Divide the width of the head into five parts. The 2nd and 4th parts represent the eyes. But these are the proportions for the full face. How to draw eyes in a half turn?

In this case, you simply mark the very eye socket, recess or temporal part of the head and dance from it. Measure the farthest eye, it is smaller in size than the second. Measure the distance between the eyes and mark on paper. Also repeat for the other eye.

Outline the eye with a quadrilateral, marking the width and height with notches.

Look carefully at the model or photo. What is the shape of the eyes of the original? How is the width related to the height of the eye?

Draw line segments showing the position of the eyelids.

At the same time, the lower eyelid is never made dark. Take a closer look at how to depict the thickness of the lower eyelid. It is a tone darker than the whites of the eyes.

Nose

Now let's start creating the plane of the nose. To do this, you need to know several relationships:

1. Draw lines parallel to each other from the corners of the inner eyelid down. Mark the location of the wings of the nose.
2. When creating a face in a half turn, the second line coming from the far eye will hide behind the bridge of the nose.

Construct a trapezoid at the base of the nose, having previously drawn the lines of the back of the nose. To do this, put a pencil parallel to the vertical axis and remember the angle between the back of the nose and the axis, transfer to paper.

Lips

The location of the lips can be found like this. If you divide the height of the head into 8 parts, then the fifth line down from the crown of the head will be the line of the lips.

Write the mouth as if it were drawn on a cylinder.

Upper lip should be 1/3 of the height of the lips. The width of the lips is equal to the distance between the center of the pupils. In a half turn, measure in the photo and adjust to your scale.

There is another measure of the width of the lips: it is equal to a segment of one and a half eyes.

Ears

How to draw ears, look at the pictures. The ear is located between the brow and nasal lines.

In the ¾ portrait, the man is depicted with one ear, the second ear is “hidden”. Remember, the ear should be tilted towards the head.

It can be determined by drawing a straight line connecting the jugular cavity and the ear. Or simply by attaching a pencil to the photo, measuring the angle of inclination by eye.

memo

And some more rules:

1. If you are painting a waist-deep portrait of a person, determine the axis that bisects the face so that you can locate the eyes, nose and ears, eyebrows, etc. It passes through the jugular cavity or between the collarbones in the center;
2. The width of the head along the line of the eyes is 2/3 of its height;
3. The widest part of the head is the basis for finding the width of the lower jaw (¾ of the larger value).

Detailing

The third stage of creating a portrait includes detailed drawing. Remove extra lines, start to achieve similarity with the photo. At the same time, measure the width of the eyes, nose and other parts and compare them with the width of the face. Draw smooth lines, roundness.

Last The final stage- shading.

Hatch from dark areas gradually moving to the lightest. Lastly, highlight, add highlights to the pupils, the tip of the nose and other parts.

The picture is ready.

Finally, I want to tell you that portraits can be without shading. For example, a line portrait uses visual medium line.

See how to draw a girl.

We can now take a close look at the details. And we'll start with the face. The face of a person is the first thing we pay attention to in any situation, and this also applies in a certain way to art: the observer will first of all consider the face with your characteristic features. Transferring a face to paper, especially drawing lively expressive expressions, is undoubtedly worth the effort.

In this tutorial, we'll get to know the main components face drawing - proportions, features and angle, and in the next lessons we will analyze in more detail the various facial expressions.

1. Proportions of the face

Full face:

In this position, the skull will be a flat circle, to which the outline of the jaw is added, which generally forms the shape of an egg, pointed at the bottom. Two lines perpendicular to the center divide the "egg" into four parts. To distribute facial features:

- Mark the midpoints of the left and right halves of the horizontal line. These points will be the eyes.

- Divide the vertical bottom line into five equal parts. The tip of the nose will be at the second point from the center. The lip fold will be at the third point from the center, one current below the tip of the nose.

- Divide the upper half of the head into four equal parts: the hairline (if the person does not have bald patches) will be located between the second and third points from the center. The ear will be located between the upper eyelid and the tip of the nose (if the face is at the same level). When a person looks up or down, the position of the ears changes.

It is useful to know that the width of the face is the width of five eyes or a little less. The distance between the eyes is equal to the width of one eye. It is uncharacteristic for people to have wide or too close eyes, but this is always noticeable (wide-set eyes give a person an innocent childish expression, and narrow-set eyes arouse suspicion in us for some reason). The distance between the lower lip and chin is also equal to the width of one eye.

Another measure is the length. index finger above thumb. In the diagram below, all lengths are marked according to this criterion: ear height, distance between the level of hair growth and the level of the eyebrows, the distance from the eyebrows to the nose, the distance from the nose to the chin, the distance between the pupils.

Profile:

From the side, the shape of the head also resembles an egg, but pointed to the side. The center lines now divide the head into front (face) and back (skull) parts.

From the side of the skull:

The ear is located directly behind the center line. In its size and location, it is also located between the upper eyelid and the tip of the nose.
- The depth of the skull varies between two dotted lines (as shown in Step 4).

From the side of the face:

- Facial features are arranged in the same way as in full face.

- The deepening of the bridge of the nose either coincides with the center line, or is located slightly higher.

- The most prominent point will be the level of the eyebrow (1 point from the center).

2. Facial features

Eyes and Eyebrows

The eye is built from two simple arcs, shaped like an almond. There is no strict rules, since the shape of the eyes can be completely different, but there are also general recommendations :

- The outer corner of the eyes is higher than the inner, and not vice versa.

- If you compare the eye with an almond, the rounded part of the pupil will be from the side of the inner corner, decreasing towards the outer corner.

Eye Details

- The iris of the eye is partially hidden behind the upper eyelid. It crosses the lower eyelid only if the person looks down or squints (lower eyelid lifts).

- Eyelashes curve outward and are shorter on the lower eyelid (actually, it is not necessary to draw them every time).

- If you want to depict the oval of the lacrimal canal in the inner corner of the eye, as well as show the thickness of the lower eyelid, this is entirely up to you; Too much detail doesn't always look good. The addition of such details is proportional to the complexity of the drawing.

- The same can be applied to drawing the crease of the eyelid - it adds expressiveness and makes the look less anxious. I think it's best not to add a crease if you're doing a stylized drawing or if your drawing is too small.

The eye in profile is shaped like an arrowhead (sides may be concave or convex), with a slight indication of the upper eyelid and, optionally, the lower. In life, we do not see the iris in profile, but we see the white of the eye. When I was working on the lesson, many said that “it looks strange”, so the iris still needs to be marked.

As for the eyebrows, it's easiest to draw them after the eyes to repeat the curve of the upper eyelid. Most of the length of the eyebrow looks inward, and its tip is always a little shorter.

In profile, the shape of the eyebrow changes - it becomes like a comma. This "comma" continues the level of the lashes (where they curve). Sometimes the eyebrow seems to be one with the eyelashes, so you can also draw one curve for the top of the eye and the border of the eyebrow.

The nose is usually wedge-shaped - it is easier to visualize and give it three-dimensionality before adding details.

The septum and sides of the nose are flat, which will be noticeable in the finished drawing, but already at the sketch stage it is necessary to mark them in order to properly distribute the details later. In our wedge, the lower flat part is a truncated triangle connecting the wings and the tip of the nose. The wings curve towards the septum to form the nostrils - note that, when viewed from below, the lines that form the sides of the septum are on foreground parallel to the face. The septum protrudes lower than the wings (when viewed directly), which means that at a ¾ view, the distal nostril will not be visible accordingly.

The most difficult part of drawing a nose can be deciding which parts of the nose are best left out for a natural looking result. You don't always have to draw the wings of the nose completely (where they join the face), and in most cases the drawing looks better if you just draw the bottom of the nose. The same goes for the four lines of the nasal septum, where they connect with the face - in most cases it will be better if you draw only the lower part of the nose (wings, nostrils, septum) - you can alternately cover the lines with your finger to make sure . If the head is turned ¾, it becomes necessary to draw the bridge of the nose. You will need a lot of observation, trial and error to recognize the unique features of the nose. Cartoonists have this feature - you need to carefully consider the outlines of the noses in order to understand why they are depicted that way. We will come back to this issue in the next lessons.

Lips

Mouth and Lips Tips:

- First you need to draw the labial fold, as this is the longest and darkest of the three almost parallel lines that form the mouth. In fact, it is not a continuous straight line - it consists of several implicit curves. In the picture below, you can see exaggerated examples of the movement of the mouth line - note that they follow the line of the upper lip. This line can be "softened" in several ways: the depression above the lip can be narrower (to distinguish corners) or so wide that it becomes invisible. It may be the other way around - the lower lip is so full that it creates a feeling of pouting. If you find it difficult to keep symmetry at this stage, try starting from the center and drawing one line on each side.

- The upper corners of the lips are more visible, but you can soften them up by drawing two wide curves, or soften them so that they are no longer noticeable.

- The lower lip certainly resembles the usual curve, but it can also be almost flat or quite rounded. My advice is to mark the lower lip with at least a regular dash under the lower border.

- The upper lip is almost always narrower than the lower lip, and it protrudes less forward. If its contour is circled, it should be more pronounced, since the lower lip already stands out with its shadow (it should not exceed the size of the lip in size).

- In profile, the lips resemble an arrowhead in shape, and the protrusion of the upper lip becomes obvious. The shape of the lips is also different - the upper one is flat and located diagonally, and the lower one is more rounded.

- The lip fold in profile deviates downward, starting from the intersection of the lips. Even if a person smiles, the line goes down and rises again in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe corners. Never raise the line level when drawing in profile.

Ears

The main part of the ear (if drawn correctly) is shaped like a letter WITH from the outside and the shape of an inverted letter U With inside(boundary of the upper cartilage of the ear). Often draw a smaller U above the earlobe (you can put your finger to your ear), which goes further into a smaller letter WITH. Ear details are depicted around the ear opening itself (but not always), and their shapes can be quite varied in different people. The drawing can be stylized - for example, in the drawing below, an ear in its general view resembles elongated "@" characters.

When the face is turned to the front, the ears are depicted in profile, respectively:

- The lobe, formerly indicated in the shape of an inverted U, is now visible separately - the same when you observe the plate from the side and then see its bottom, as if it were closer to you.

- In shape, the ear opening resembles a drop and stands out against the general background of the ear.

- The thickness of the ear from this angle depends on the proximity to the head, this is another individual factor. However, the ear always protrudes forward - this has happened in the course of evolution.

Seen from behind, the ear appears to be separate from the body, mostly a lobe connected to the head by a canal. Do not underestimate the size of the canal - its function is to make the ears protrude forward. In this perspective, the canal is more significant than the lobe.

3. Angles

Since the head is based on a circle where facial features are outlined, changing the angle of the head is easier than it seems at first glance. However, it is even more important to observe the position of people's heads in different angles in life, in order to remember all the protrusions and depressions that overlap each other in the most in an unexpected way. The nose undoubtedly recedes considerably from the head (the eyebrows, cheekbones, center of the lips and chin also protrude); at the same time, the eye sockets and sides of the mouth form some depressions on our "circle".

When we drew the face in full face and in profile, we simplified the task to a two-dimensional image, where all the lines were flat. For all other perspectives, we will need to rearrange our thinking in three-dimensional world and to realize that the shape of an egg is really an egg, and that the lines we used before to arrange the features of the face cross this egg like the equator and meridians on a globe: with the slightest change in the position of the head, we will see that they are rounded. The arrangement of facial features is just drawing intersecting lines at a certain angle - now there are three of them. We can again divide the head into upper and lower parts, "cutting" our "egg", but now we need to keep in mind: the components closest to us look thicker. The same applies to drawing a face in a raised or lowered state.

man looking down

- All features are curved upwards, and the ears are "raised".

- Since the nose protrudes forward, its tip falls below the original mark, so it seems that it is now closer to the lips, and if a person lowers his head even lower, then the nome will partially close his lips. From this angle, you do not need to draw additional details of the nose - the bridge of the nose and wings will be enough.

- The arches of the eyebrows are quite flat, but can be curved again if the head is tilted too far.

- The upper eyelid of the eyes becomes more expressive, and it is enough to slightly change the position of the head so that they completely hide the orbits of the eyes.

- The upper lip is almost invisible, and the lower lip is enlarged.

man looking up

- All lines of facial features tend downward; the ears also move down.

- The upper lip is visible in full (which does not happen in full face). Now the lips look pouty.

The eyebrows are more arched and the lower eyelid is lifted, making the eyes look squinted.

- The lower part of the nose is now fully visible, both nostrils are clearly displayed.

The man turns

1. When we see a person almost completely turned away, the superciliary arches and cheekbones remain of the visible features. The line of the neck overlaps the line of the chin and is located next to the ear. When a person turns, we also see eyelashes.
2. Also, when turning, we can see part of the eyebrow line and the protrusion of the lower eyelid; the tip of the nose also appears directly from behind the cheek.
3. When a person turns almost in profile, eyeballs and lips appear (although the crease between the lips is small), and the line of the neck merges with the line of the chin. We can still see the part of the cheek covering the wing of the nose.

Time to practice

use the method quick sketch, throwing on paper the facial expressions that you notice around you in a coffee shop or on the street.

Do not try to detail all the features and do not be afraid to make a mistake, the main thing is to convey the features from different angles.

If you find it difficult to draw in volume, take a real egg (you can boil it, just in case). Draw three lines in the center and add dividing lines. Observe and draw the egg with contour lines from different angles - this way you will get a feel for how the lines and the distances between them will behave from different angles. You can outline the facial features on the surface of the egg along the main lines and see how they change in size as the egg rotates.

One of the most complex types art is . The physique must be studied in detail in parts. We have already considered some elements. Before you start, be sure to read these few recommendations from professional artists:

1. First you need to think about the approximate location of all elements
2. For sketching, take a sharpened pencil of medium hardness (I used HB and 2B, write in the comments which pencils you used), which will allow you to sketch thin lines.
3. Do not erase the sketch lines until the desired result is clearly visible.
4. Keep Proportions
5. Note that the face has a pointed shape at the bottom and a more rounded one at the top.
6. Practice! The more you train, the better you will learn to convey the necessary emotions and nuances of human facial expressions.

And now let's move on to the lesson.

How to draw a person's face step by step:

Step one. The face of this oval shape. First, make an oval and divide it with lines. The vertical line exactly in the middle crosses it, and the horizontal lines are arranged as follows. The first divides the face just below half, and the second still half from the remaining lower part of the face. We can't give exact measurements because everyone's faces are different. But the task of these lines is to outline (this is vertical), as well as the location of the lips (horizontal bottom line). Keep in mind that these will need to be erased later, so don't press too hard on the paper with the stylus. If you press hard on the paper, it will deform, and the drawing will look like a girl who is preparing for plastic surgery. (Will ) Step two. Make indicative strokes at the place where. And also add lines for , and halfway between the nose and chin. Make the line that represents the lower lip wider. Step three. Let's move on to drawing. They are located just above the nose. The outer edges of the nose indicate where the inner corners of the eyes will go. Make a sketch as shown in the picture. There is another important factor to consider here. Human anatomy is arranged so that the distance between the eyes is equal to the size of another eye. This is indicated by the red arrow in the figure. Now let's add the eyebrows. Tip: even if one eyebrow is raised and the eyebrows are the same height, start drawing from the inside (points closer to the nose). To get an idea of ​​how high the eyebrows are, add another imaginary eye above the left eye - this should give you more or less the correct height for the eyebrows. Step 4 Let's add a mouth. In the previous lesson, we already covered some points. For example, we tried to depict . But there is one more important point, a lot of questions from novice artists about how big the mouth should be? Draw mentally two lines from the inner corners of the eyes down. This will be the approximate size of the company, with a smile it can be a little wider. Step 5. Now we erase the auxiliary lines that we made in the first two steps. Let's see what we got. In principle, the sketch is ready. Now it remains to decorate, add shadows. Step six. Give the shape of the face more specificity. Pay attention to the cheekbones and the shape of the chin. This woman has a strong chin, but try not to make it too strong or she will turn into a man. Draw black pupils, and add eyelids. requires focus. This is the mirror of the soul. Look closely at the animation. You will see in what sequence it is best to do this. Step last. With a simple pencil, add shadows to give the drawing volume and make it more realistic. That's all. More about other parts human body we will cover in the next lessons. Leave also your work, and write comments about how, Only we have such lessons, see for yourself.

As you know, in order for a person to look like himself in a portrait, you need to correctly convey the proportions of the face. The recognition of the picture and the transfer of character depend on this. But before setting such serious tasks, novice artists must first learn how to draw a human head correctly. To help beginners, various methods and schemes are created. V academic drawing students hone their skills in drawing a plaster head, study plastic anatomy. Without these skills, mastery will not work. And there are no such "miracle techniques" in which a person masterfully draws a portrait the first time. However, to help beginners, I want to offer a simple circuit which will help to initial stage learning. In this scheme of the drawing of the head there are several simple principles to help you understand the essence. If a novice artist learns to apply them in a drawing, then the question will never arise: “Where to start drawing a portrait or plaster head? Drawing a human head will be much easier and beginners will feel much more confident. So what do you need to learn?

1. The shape of the head is more like an egg than a ball. From the side of the chin, the head is narrower, from the side of the back of the head - wider.

2. Eye level is located approximately in the middle of the head.

3. The level of the tip of the nose is approximately in the middle between the eyebrows and the chin.

4. Lips will be located approximately slightly above the middle between the tip of the nose and the chin.

5. To make it easier to draw, always draw a midline or axis of symmetry. This line divides the drawing of the head in half. It will be easier for you to draw the left and right side heads. The axis of symmetry will help to avoid curvature in the drawing, when either the right eye is not in its place relative to the left, or something similar is obtained.

Well, in conclusion, I will add that the above patterns are approximate. Each person has his own unique face: someone has a shorter and higher nose, someone has lower and wider eyes ... The transfer of character depends on these features. But no matter how different our faces and characters may be, the laws of the “rule of the middle” are the foundation on which the portrait of a particular person is “built”.

Alexey Epishin

Learning the basics of drawing will help you become a good painter later on. People who are just learning the basics of drawing often have difficulty with how to draw. with a simple pencil. In this article, we will talk about the methods by which this difficult process interesting and not so intimidating. The lesson will be based on simple ones on which we will “dress” the face. We will sort it out step by step, The face of a girl in full face will not be very challenging task. So let's get started.

Of course, without anatomical knowledge, it is difficult to tell how to draw a human face, so we will use the so-called base, which will help us determine the exact location of the eyes, nose, ears and mouth. In the future, if you decide to continue drawing, you will definitely need to master the anatomical drawing of the human body.

Face oval

So, today we are learning to draw a person's face, and we will start our drawing with an oval head. If we miss all the anatomical details and look at the human head schematically, we will see an oval resembling egg. We divide it into symmetrical halves with a vertical line, and then a horizontal one (line of pupils). From these lines we will build on.

Auxiliary lines

Ears

In the diagram, the place where the ears should be is marked yellow. Extend the line of the nose to the intersection with the width of the head, at these points we will have the earlobes. We will adjust the height a little later.

At this stage, we outline the contours of the eyes, eyebrows, tip of the nose, lips and ears. Here you will already see where your ears will end, approximately it will be the eyebrow line. We draw a little oval of the head in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe ears.

The final stage

Slowly erase unnecessary and interfering lines and add details. We draw stronger, add shadows, make the drawing three-dimensional. The hairstyle is already to your taste.

When you draw a drawing and remember how to draw a person's face, check the proportions in parallel. The location of the eyes and mouth fits into an equilateral triangle. The vertices will be located at the corners of the eyes and on the lower edge of the lips. The height of the mouth will be equal to half the width of the female eye, as well as the distance from the tip of the nose to the lips. And the chin female face will be equal to the width of the eye.

Now you know how to draw a human face without knowledge of anatomy. This method is one of many that help you learn the basics of drawing. Try and you will succeed.