The Ostankino estate is a valuable architectural monument of the 18th century. Ostankino estate - the former estate of the Sheremetev counts Gates of the Ostankino estate museum from

Museum - estate of Count Sheremetyev

Fragment of the fence of Count Sheremetyev's estate in Ostankino


fence fragment
Ostankino is a unique architectural and artistic monument associated with the history of Russian and European theatrical arts. The architectural complex of the estate took shape over four centuries.
The boyar estate with a pond (XVI century), the Church of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity (XVII century), a manor house and an oak grove becomes late XVIII century palace-pack ensemble, the ceremonial summer residence of Count N.P. Sheremetev.

In 1743, the village of Ostashkovo was given as a dowry to the daughter of Prince Cherkassy, ​​Varvara, who married the son of Count Sheremetyev, a noble nobleman, an associate of Peter I. Thus, Ostankino came into the possession of the Counts Sheremetyev.

in the park of the museum - estate

rotunda
News from the end of the century says that at that time in Ostankino there was “an entertainment house and a regular garden with ponds.” However, in 1789 Count N.P. Sheremetyev, a great connoisseur and admirer of art, especially theatrical art, plans to rebuild the mansion in such a way as to accommodate not only palace premises, but also theater Hall. As a result of the restructuring, it turned out to be more of a museum than a residential estate. And the count himself was unusually proud of his creation and considered it “the greatest thing worthy of surprise.”


And the reason for this was love. The love of Count N.P. Sheremetyev for his serf actress Praskovya Kovaleva-Zhemchugova.
His feelings for Parasha were so strong that the count disregarded secular conventions and secretly married her. So, in order to rid his wife of memories of her humble origins and humiliating past, the count decided to build a palace-theater at the other end of Moscow, where her talent could reveal itself in all its splendor.

Count Sheremetyev

fragment of decoration

Ostankino Palace built from Siberian pine with external plaster and internal decorative finishing (1792-1798) in the style of Russian classicism... The two-story theater is located in the center of the palace and is surrounded by a system of state halls. A unique theatrical version of classicism was used in the design of the state rooms. The facades of the symmetrically located different-sized palace volumes are decorated with colonnades of the Ionic, Corinthian, and Tuscan orders.


The ceiling of the Sheremetv Theater. The theater still hosts performances to this day, and there are so-called Sheremetyevo holidays.

Hall of the Sheremetev Palace

The most famous sculpture from the Sheremetev collection in Ostankino: “Fighting Roosters” by Canova. When you walk around it, you wonder why you can’t hear the roosters crowing, because there are three of them here at once!

Until now interior decoration The Sheremetyev Palace has preserved original parquet flooring, some chandeliers, and the ceiling. There was wonderful prefabricated gilded furniture, tall mirrors, drawings of the estate, and a collection of paintings. The decoration itself also resembled a theater; the interior of the palace was dedicated to its composition...

In front of you is a piece of the Sheremetyev Theater, the building of which was located right in the palace. It was the theater that made Ostankino famous! It was equipped with last word techniques: the columns rose and moved apart, the ceiling changed, there were all sorts of devices for transmitting the sound of thunder, rain... The upper tier of the theater is in the picture. From there the serfs watched the action taking place on the theater stage...

The decor of the plastered walls consists of gypsum bas-reliefs on mythological themes, wall niches are “enlivened” with sculptural images of heroes ancient mythology associated with the cult of Dionysus and Apollo. The two-story theater is located in the center of the palace and is surrounded by a system of state halls...The interior decoration uses fabrics, gilding and wood carving, and painting on paper.

Despite all the classicism of its forms, the Ostankino Palace is distinguished by its extraordinary elegance and luxury. And no wonder, because it could not help but reflect the spirit of abundance and pretentiousness that dominated architecture and art throughout the 18th century. The count himself meticulously delved into the smallest details of the construction of his brainchild. He often consulted and argued with his architects. As a result, Ostankino does not look like the creation of one master, but it wonderfully reflects the era and that understanding of beauty,
which united all the masters of the late 18th century.

The estate is currently under reconstruction.

The Ostankino estate is a beautiful building, surrounded by perennial oaks and linden trees, with ponds built in the 17th century. It belonged to Count Pyotr Sheremetyev, it was he who built the park and the large ballroom. His heir, Nikolai Sheremetyev, was fond of theater, and he came up with the idea of ​​creating a professional home theater. It was decided to expand the estate, for this purpose the Italian architect Francesco Casporesi was invited, it was he who combined the theater, Italian and Egyptian pavilions and living quarters in it.

The reconstructed manor was built not of stone, but of wood. The Count wanted the theater hall to be used as a dance floor. It was the use of wood that made this possible.

In 1795 it was held Grand opening theater and production of the drama “Zelmira and Smelon, or the Capture of Ishmael.” The theater had a large troupe, about 170 people were involved in the production of drama, comedy, opera and ballet. Hundreds of operas, ballets and comedies have been staged at the N. Sheremetyev Theater. One of the artists was the count's beloved serf Polina Zhemchugova. In 1801 they secretly got married. The theater existed until 1804.

In 1856, Tsar Alexander II spent a week in Ostankino and created a theater on the site winter Garden, cleaned the machine room and laid the floors. After the 1917 revolution, the estate was declared national treasure and in 1919 it opened to the public.

Wooden structures are covered with reinforced mesh, on which in a special way a layer of marble chips is applied. The resulting surface is painted with patterns of amazing beauty, the interiors are furnished with unique furniture and magnificent lamps.

An ancient cedar grove grows on the territory of the estate. If you look closely at the green mesh on the facade of one of the buildings, you can see the coat of arms of the Sheremetyev family.

Operating mode:

• open from May 18 to September 30;
• Tuesday-Sunday - from 11.00 to 19.00;
• does not work in rain and humidity above 80%.

Every third Sunday of the month, admission to the estate is free.

Despite all its luxury and splendor, the building of the Ostankino Palace is built entirely of wood. At the same time, the palace in Ostankino is not at all similar to rural estates, and could well take its rightful place among the most beautiful streets Moscow.

Ostankino. Plans of the first and second floors of the palace. Measurement of I. Golosov

Only big sizes The building, designed to accommodate everything that is required for a broad lordly life, reminds us that this is a rural estate. The palace was built and decorated over the course of one decade, giving it extraordinary unity and integrity. Its project was developed by several remarkable architects, including such stars as M. Kazakov, D. Quarenghi, and D. Gilardi. In the central part of the palace one can see the creative genius of M.F. Kazakov, in the side wings it is easy to recognize the manner of Quarenghi, while Gilardi made minor additions after the palace was completed. The Sheremetev serf architects - A. Mironov, G. Dikushin and A. Argunov - were also involved in the work on the palace project.

Kazakov Matvey Fedorovich

Giacomo Antonio Domenico Quarenghi

Domenico Gilardi

In terms of its composition, the Ostankino Palace is built in the shape of the letter P (“rest”) with a front courtyard, which is very traditional for estates of that time. The side wings are connected to central building single-story galleries emphasizing the elegant splendor of the portico on the central part of the house. The dome rising above all this gives the entire building an extraordinary completeness and harmony. From the garden facade, the building looks no less majestic. This is facilitated by a ten-column loggia-portico, covering the entire second floor. The marble bas-relief that completes the sonorous chord of the columns is made in the Greek style. Under the hot sun of the south, marble would give sharp effects, dark shadows would stand out even more sharply against the background of the brilliance of the illuminated parts. In the cloudy Russian light, the shadows of the bas-relief acquire an unusually gentle harmony, their light pearl-gray tints are wonderfully combined with the damp Moscow sky and faded surrounding nature. Despite all the classicism of its forms, the Ostankino Palace is distinguished by its extraordinary elegance and luxury. And no wonder, because it could not help but reflect the spirit of abundance and pretentiousness that dominated architecture and art throughout the 18th century. The count himself meticulously delved into the smallest details of the construction of his brainchild. He often consulted and argued with his architects. As a result, Ostankino does not look like the creation of one master, but it wonderfully reflects the era and the understanding of beauty that united all the masters of the late 18th century.

, official site

Membership in organizations:
Union of Museums of Russia - R14
Russian National Committee of the International Council of Museums - ICOM Russia - R158
Association of Music Museums and Collections (AMMiK) - R1928

Sponsors, patrons and grant givers:
Charitable Foundation V. Potanina

Storage units:
21905, of which 17254 are fixed assets items

Major exhibition projects:
"Palace within a Palace". Moscow, State Museum "Tsaritsyno", 2014
"Unsurpassed Wedgwood." Moscow, All-Russian Museum of Decorative and Applied Arts folk art, 2014
"One hundred years of holidays in estate near Moscow. Kuskovo. Ostankino. Arkhangelskoe. Lyublino". Moscow, Moscow State United Art Historical-Architectural and Natural Landscape Museum-Reserve, 2014-15.
"Palladio in Russia. From Baroque to Modernism." Italy, Venice, Correr Museum, 2014, Moscow, State Museum "Tsaritsyno", 2015

Traveling and exchange exhibitions:
"Passion for Beads" (first quarter XVIII- beginning of the 20th century). The whole range of beadwork from the era of its heyday - from thimble cases to furniture. From 200 to 300 exhibits. Showcases required
French engraving from the 17th - 19th centuries. From the collection of the Moscow Ostankino Estate Museum. Genre and reproduction engravings by leading French masters. 60 sheets are provided for the exhibition, representing in all its splendor the exquisite art of French printmaking
English color engraving of the 17th - 19th centuries. from the collection of the Moscow Ostankino Estate Museum. Magnificent color sheets by leading English masters of exquisite technique, the highest quality of workmanship and an original form of art. 40 exhibits
"Giambattista, Francesco and Laura Piranesi. Masterpieces of world graphics from the collection of the Moscow Ostankino Estate Museum." 40 rare sheets from creative heritage famous artistic family- the great Italian etcher Giambattista Piranesi, his son Francesco and daughter Laura
Architectural landscape in Italian engraving late XVII - early XIX centuries from the collection of the Ostankino Estate Museum. Masterpieces of graphic art in the genre of architectural veduta, popular both among professional artists both architects and art lovers. 50 sheets
Russian watercolor portrait XIX centuries from the collection of the Ostankino estate museum. The exhibition includes: famous names, as P.F. Sokolov, V.I. Gau, A.P. Rokstuhl and others. 60 portraits, supplemented with art objects - fans, boxes, etc.
Russian graphic portrait I half of the 19th century centuries from the collection of the Ostankino estate museum. Chamber portraits drawn with graphic and colored pencils, charcoal, pastels, watercolors and gouache. 50 portraits, supplemented with art objects - fans, boxes, etc.
Russian miniature portrait XVIII- XIX centuries from the collection of the Ostankino estate museum. Works of the most famous masters Russian miniature. The number of exhibits can vary from 100 to 200 exhibits. Requires vertical display cases with lighting
Western European miniature portrait of the 18th - 19th centuries. from the collection of the Ostankino estate museum. Works by famous masters of portrait miniatures XVIII-XIX. The number of exhibits can vary from 100 to 200 exhibits. Requires vertical display cases with lighting

Formation of the residence Ostankino Estate refers to XVIII century. It is one of the former country residences of the Sheremetev counts. In 1740, Pyotr Borisovich Sheremetev began construction of the Kuskovo estate, which he decorated until his death. At the same time, he developed a new property - the Ostankino estate. Peter Sheremetev laid out a park here and made a hall for balls and receptions. But the real blossom Ostankino estate came during the ownership of the estate of his heir, Nikolai Petrovich. After returning from a trip to Europe, the young count became interested in establishing a home professional theater. Teachers were hired for the actors and dancers, and scores and set designs were brought from Paris. The Kuskovo estate was too small for large-scale productions, and the count decided to reconstruct the Ostankino estate.

The expansion project was entrusted to the Italian Francesco Camporesi. He combined it with a theater, side pavilions and living quarters. The pavilions were called Italian and Egyptian.

The reconstructed manor was built not of stone, but of wood. Even then, the count began to think that he needed a “mobile” theater, so that at any moment he could turn the theater room into a “voxal” or a dance hall - transform the space at his discretion. Only a tree helped solve such issues: it made it easy to change the project depending on the task at hand. For example, if a collapsible floor was placed above the stalls, both halls became one large space for dancing.

The Count turned out to be picky: he constantly changed the project, forcing people to disassemble and reassemble everything again. The theater opened in 1875 with a premiere and fireworks display. On stage was the musical drama “Zelmira and Smelon, or the Capture of Ishmael.” The choice of this particular drama is not accidental - Russia's victory over Turkey was celebrated.

After the premiere, it became clear: the theater needed to be completed, rehearsal rooms and spacious rooms for guests were needed. And again the architects got to work - they added state rooms, created two galleries - the Count's personal collection of paintings was placed in the Picture Room. In April 1797, the count hastily completed the theater: he was counting on an imperial reception, but the emperor only toured the palace and did not drink tea.

The theater troupe was huge, the stage names of the actors sounded like titles precious stones- Granatova, Zhemchugova. 170 people performed dramas, comedies, operas and ballets on the theater stage. In 1797, the count signed a manumission to his serf artist Polina Zhemchugova and already in 1801 he secretly married her.

This year singing career Zhemchugova collapsed. The count lost all interest in the theater, disbanded the troupe, demoting the actors to maids, laundresses, and doormen. Only 14 people and an orchestra remained from the theater. The Count openly marries Zhemchugova - now without hiding from anyone. Already in 1803, the former actress died at the birth of her son, the count lost interest in life and died in 1809.

In 1856, Alexander II spent a week in Ostankino, managing to completely change the theater: he ordered the creation of a winter garden in its place, the removal of the machine room and the laying of floors. By the way, it was after his visit that the main manor house began to be called a palace.

In 1861, after the serf reform, the lands of the estate began to be given over to dachas. After the revolution of 1917, the estate was nationalized and already in 1919 received its first visitors.

Now it's amazing place for inspection, which closes if the air humidity is more than 80%. This is because the manor is made of wood and is sensitive to weather changes. Wooden structures are covered with reinforced mesh, on which a layer of marble chips is applied in a special way. The resulting surface is painted with patterns of amazing beauty, the interiors are furnished with unique furniture and magnificent lamps. Currently, restoration work is being carried out in the estate; not all rooms are open to visitors, but even from those that are accessible, one can judge the beauty and luxury of the premises.

An ancient cedar grove grows on the territory of the estate. If you look closely at the green mesh on the facade of one of the buildings, you can see the Sheremetev coat of arms.