The meaning of secondary characters in the drama of Ostrovsky's "thunderstorm". The meaning of secondary characters in Ostrovsky's drama "Thunderstorm" - School essays on literature

A. N. Ostrovsky is rightfully considered the singer of the merchant environment, the father of the Russian everyday drama, Russian theater. About 60 plays belong to his pen, of which the most famous are such as "Dowry", " Late love"," Forest "," Enough simplicity for every sage "," Our people - let's settle "," Thunderstorm "and many others.

A.N. Dobrolyubov called Ostrovsky's play "Thunderstorm" the most decisive work, since "the mutual relationship of tyranny and voicelessness is brought in it to tragic consequences ... There is something refreshing and encouraging in The Thunderstorm. This is something, in our opinion, the background of the play." Who is this background? Secondary characters. So, Katerina's constant companion, main character plays, Varvara, sister of Katerina's husband, Tikhon Kabanov. She is Katherine's opponent. Its main rule is: "do whatever you want, as long as everything is sewn and covered." You can’t deny Varvara her intelligence, cunning and lightness, before marriage she wants to be in time everywhere, try everything, because she knows that “girls walk around as they want, father and mother don’t care. Only women are locked up.” Lying is the norm for her. In a conversation with Katerina, she directly speaks about this: Katerina: - I don’t know how to deceive; I can't hide anything. Varvara: - Well, you can’t do without it ... Our whole house rests on this. And I was not a liar, but I learned when it became necessary. Barbara adapted to the dark kingdom, learned its laws and rules. It feels power, strength, desire to deceive. She, in fact, is the future Boar, because an apple does not fall far from an apple tree. Varvara's friend, Kudryash Ivan, is a match for her. He is the only one in the city of Kalinov who can answer Wild. “I’m considered a rude man; why is he holding me? Therefore, he needs me. Well, that means I’m not afraid of him, but let him be afraid of me ...”, says Kudryash. In conversation, he behaves cheekily, smartly, boldly, boasts of his prowess, red tape, knowledge of the "merchant establishment". Curly is the second Wild, only he is still young.

In the end, Varvara and Kudryash leave the "dark kingdom", but does this escape mean that they have completely freed themselves from old traditions and laws and will become the source of new laws of life and honest rules? Unlikely. Now, having found themselves at large, they will most likely try to become masters of life themselves.

Let's now turn to the true victims of the "dark kingdom". So, the husband of Katerina Kabanova Tikhon is a weak-willed, spineless creature. He obeys his mother in everything and obeys her. He does not have a clear life position, courage, boldness. His image fully corresponds to the name given to him - Tikhon (quiet). Young Kabanov not only does not respect himself, but also allows his mother to treat his wife shamelessly. This is especially evident in the parting scene before leaving for the fair. Tikhon repeats word for word all the instructions and moralizing of his mother. Kabanov could not resist his mother in anything, he slowly became an inveterate drunkard and thereby became even more weak-willed and quiet. Of course, Katerina cannot love and respect such a husband, but her soul yearns for love. She falls in love with Diky's nephew, Boris. But Katerina fell in love with him, in the apt expression of Dobrolyubov, "on the desert", because in essence Boris is not much different from Tikhon. Just a little more educated. Boris's lack of will, his desire to receive his part of his grandmother's inheritance (and he will receive it only if he is respectful with his uncle) turned out to be stronger than love.

V dark kingdom the pilgrim Feklusha enjoys great reverence and respect. Feklusha's stories about the lands where people with dog heads live are perceived as irrefutable information about the world.

But not everything is so gloomy; there are also living, sympathetic souls in the "dark kingdom". This is a self-taught mechanic Kuligin, looking for a perpetual motion machine. He is kind and active, obsessed with a constant desire to do something useful for people. But all his good intentions run into a thick wall of misunderstanding, indifference, ignorance. So, on an attempt to put steel lightning rods on the houses, he receives a fierce rebuff from Diky: "The storm is sent to us as a punishment, so that we feel, but you want to defend yourself with poles and some kind of goads, God forgive me."

Kuligin is a reasoner in the play, a condemnation of the "dark kingdom" is put into his mouth: "Cruel, sir, the customs in our city are cruel ... Whoever has money, sir, he tries to enslave the poor, so that for his labors gratuitous more more money make money ... "But Kuligin, like Tikhon, Boris, Varvara, Kudryash, adapted to the "dark kingdom", resigned himself to such a life, he is just a body that has taken root in the "dark kingdom".

Secondary characters, as already mentioned, are the background against which the tragedy of a desperate woman unfolds. Each face in the play, each image was a step in the ladder that led Katerina to the banks of the Volga, to death.

"Thunderstorm" is an idyll of the "dark kingdom". The characters themselves in the drama have no idea of ​​the meaning of their position. Persons who do not directly participate in intrigues seem unnecessary and superfluous, but we, the readers, see completely different facts, and it is these faces that create the background for the work and the atmosphere of the life of the main characters.

Secondary characters show us the environment in which the action takes place, the life of the main characters must be considered not only in the direct relationship of several people, but also their everyday environment.

Katerina is a whole, strong nature, she endures only for the time being. Katerina's speech, musical, melodious, reminiscent of folk songs: characterized by repetitions, an abundance of pet words and diminutives, comparisons.

Barbara is a smart, domineering, cunning girl. Before getting married, she wants to try everything. Her motto: "Do whatever you want, if only it was sewn and covered." From the outside, she looks like a Kabanikha, only she is still too young. To adapt to the "dark kingdom", she has to lie, and she herself does not hide this. There is a feeling that she likes to lie and cheat.

Her friend Ivan Kudryash is a lively, bold, strong rude man. He realized that strength is valued in the city of Kalinin, even Wild was afraid of him. But if you look closely, then in the future Curly is Wild.

Varvara and Ivan defended their love, they fled from the "dark kingdom", probably in order to build their own somewhere else, the same.

Katerina's husband, Tikhon, is one of the many miserable types who are called harmless, although they are in a general sense harmful, because they serve as their faithful helpers. Tikhon loved his wife and was ready to do everything for her, but the oppression under which he grew up disfigured him so much that there was nothing in him. strong feeling, no resolute striving can develop. It has a conscience, there is a desire for good. He constantly acts against himself and serves as a submissive instrument of his mother, even in his relations with his wife.

Katerina believes with deep sincerity in the precepts of folk morality, which are reflected in Christianity. She is pure in soul: lies and debauchery are alien and disgusting to her. The straightforwardness of Ostrovsky's heroine is one of the sources of her tragedy.

Katerina thought she loved this man, but over time she realized that this was not so. That in fact she had never loved before, but her soul and heart wanted to experience this new, unexplored feeling. She falls in love with Boris, Diky's nephew. All the characters in this play are very similar to each other. So, and Boris is very similar to the Pacific. Boris is the same, in essence, only "educated". Education robbed him of the strength to do mischief, but it did not give him the strength to resist the mischief that others do; it has not even developed in him the ability to behave in such a way as to remain alien to all the vile things that swarm around him. He submits to other people's nasty things, he willy-nilly participates in them and must accept all their consequences. But he understands his situation, talks about it, and often even deceives for the first time truly lively and strong natures, who, judging by themselves, think that if a person thinks so, understands so, then he must do so.

The wanderer Feklusha enjoys respect in the "dark kingdom". She feels good among the naive Kalinovites, she is revered, treated and supplied with everything necessary. It is from her that the inhabitants learn what is happening in the world. But Feklusha is smart in her own way, she will never say that it is better in other lands than in Kalinin. It is easier for her to intimidate people by talking about wrong judges and people with dog heads.

Self-taught mechanic Kuligin - kind person obsessed with the desire to do something useful for people. But they do not understand him, they treat him indifferently.

And what is left for such people to do? Only put up with the established traditions of the "dark kingdom".

The life of these people flows smoothly and peacefully, no interests of the world disturb them, because they do not reach them. Yes, and they themselves do not aspire to anything.

The Thunderstorm premiered on December 2, 1859 in Alexandrinsky theater In Petersburg. A.A. Grigoriev, who was present at the performance, recalled: “That's what the people will say! .. I thought, leaving the box into the corridor after the third act of “Thunderstorm”, which ended in an explosion ...

The action of the drama "Thunderstorm" takes place in the provincial town of Kalinov, located on the banks of the Volga. The inhabitants of Kalinovo live that life, closed and alien to public interests, which characterized the life of deaf provincial towns in the old, pre-reform ...

1. New!

   Look for some more scolding like Savel Prokofich with us! .. Kabanikha is also good. A. Ostrovsky. Thunderstorm In his drama "Thunderstorm" A. N. Ostrovsky vividly and vividly portrayed the "dark kingdom" of the Russian province, overwhelming the best human ...

Katerina - main character Ostrovsky's drama "Thunderstorm". The main idea of ​​the work is the conflict of this girl with the "dark kingdom", the kingdom of tyrants, despots and ignoramuses. You can find out why this conflict arose and why the end of the drama is so tragic by looking...

A. N. Ostrovsky is rightfully considered the singer of the merchant environment, the father of Russian everyday drama, Russian theater. About 60 plays belong to his pen, of which the most famous are such as "Dowry", "Late Love", "Forest", "Enough Simplicity for Every Wise Man", "We'll Settle Our Own People", "Thunderstorm" and many others. And .N. Dobrolyubov called Ostrovsky's play The Thunderstorm the most decisive work, since "the mutual relations of tyranny and voicelessness are brought to tragic consequences in it ... There is something refreshing and encouraging in The Thunderstorm. This is something, in our opinion , play background". Who is this background? Secondary characters. So, the constant companion of Katerina, the main character of the play, Varvara, the sister of Katerina's husband, Tikhon Kabanov. She is Katherine's opponent. Its main rule is: "do whatever you want, as long as everything is sewn and covered." You can’t deny Varvara her intelligence, cunning and lightness, before marriage she wants to be in time everywhere, try everything, because she knows that “girls walk around as they want, father and mother don’t care. Only women are locked up.” Lying is the norm for her. In a conversation with Katerina, she directly speaks about this: Katerina: - I don’t know how to deceive; I can't hide anything. Varvara: - Well, you can’t do without it ... Our whole house rests on this. And I was not a liar, but I learned when it became necessary. Barbara adapted to the dark kingdom, learned its laws and rules. It feels power, strength, desire to deceive. She, in fact, is the future Boar, because an apple does not fall far from an apple tree. Varvara's friend, Kudryash Ivan, is a match for her. He is the only one in the city of Kalinov who can answer Wild. “I’m considered a rude man; why is he holding me? Therefore, he needs me. Well, that means I’m not afraid of him, but let him be afraid of me ...”, says Kudryash. In conversation, he behaves cheekily, smartly, boldly, boasts of his prowess, red tape, knowledge of the "merchant establishment". Curly is the second Wild, only he is still young. In the end, Varvara and Curly leave the "dark kingdom", but does this escape mean that they are completely freed from old traditions and laws and will become a source of new laws of life and honest rules? Unlikely. Now, having found themselves at large, they will most likely try to become the masters of life themselves. Let's now turn to the true victims of the "dark kingdom". So, the husband of Katerina Kabanova Tikhon is a weak-willed, spineless creature. He obeys his mother in everything and obeys her. He does not have a clear life position, courage, courage. His image fully corresponds to the name given to him - Tikhon (quiet). Young Kabanov not only does not respect himself, but also allows his mother to treat his wife shamelessly. This is especially evident in the parting scene before leaving for the fair. Tikhon repeats word for word all the instructions and moralizing of his mother. Kabanov could not resist his mother in anything, he slowly became an inveterate drunkard and thereby became even more weak-willed and quiet. Of course, Katerina cannot love and respect such a husband, but her soul yearns for love. She falls in love with Diky's nephew, Boris. But Katerina fell in love with him, in the apt expression of Dobrolyubov, "on the desert", because in essence Boris is not much different from Tikhon. Just a little more educated. Boris's lack of will, his desire to receive his part of his grandmother's inheritance (and he will receive it only if he is respectful with his uncle) turned out to be stronger than love. In the dark kingdom, the wanderer Feklusha enjoys great respect and respect. Feklusha's stories about the lands where people with dog heads live are perceived as irrefutable information about the world. But not everything is so gloomy, there are also living, sympathetic souls in the "dark kingdom". This is a self-taught mechanic Kuligin, looking for a perpetual motion machine. He is kind and active, obsessed with a constant desire to do something useful for people. But all his good intentions run into a thick wall of misunderstanding, indifference, ignorance. So, on an attempt to put steel lightning rods on the houses, he receives a fierce rebuff from Diky: “The storm is sent to us as a punishment, so that we feel, and you want to defend yourself with poles and some kind of horns, God forgive me.” Kuligin is a reasoner in the play , a condemnation of the "dark kingdom" was put into his mouth: "Cruel, sir, the morals in our city are cruel ... Whoever has money, sir, he tries to enslave the poor in order to make even more money for his free labors ..." But Kuligin, just like Tikhon, Boris, Varvara, Kudryash, adapted to the "dark kingdom", resigned himself to such a life, he is just an accustomed body in the "dark kingdom." Secondary characters, as already mentioned, are the background against which the tragedy of a desperate woman unfolds. Each face in the play, each image was a step in the ladder that led Katerina to the banks of the Volga, to death.

Tasks and tests on the topic "The meaning of minor characters in the drama of Ostrovsky Thunderstorm"

• Main and secondary members of the sentence - Sentence. Phrase 4th grade

  Lessons: 1 Assignments: 9 Tests: 1

A. N. Ostrovsky is rightfully considered the singer of the merchant environment, the father of Russian everyday drama, Russian theater. About sixty plays belong to his pen, of which the most famous are “Dowry”, “Late Love”, “Forest”, “Enough Simplicity for Every Wise Man”, “Own People - Let's Settle”, “Thunderstorm” and many others.

A. N. Dobrolyubov called Ostrovsky’s play “Thunderstorm” the most decisive work, since “the mutual relations of tyranny and voicelessness are brought to tragic consequences in it ... There is something refreshing and encouraging in The Thunderstorm. This something is, in our opinion, the background of the play.” Who is this background? Secondary characters.

So, the constant companion of Katerina - the main character of the play - is Varvara, the sister of Katerina's husband Tikhon Kabanov. She is Katherine's opponent. Her main rule: "Do what you want, if only everything was sewn and covered." Barbara cannot be denied intelligence, cunning and lightness; before marriage, she wants to be in time everywhere, to try everything, because she knows that “girls walk around themselves as they want, father and mother don’t care. Only women are locked up.” Lying is the norm for her. In a conversation with Katerina, she directly says this:

“Katerina. I can't lie, I can't hide anything.

Barbara. Well, you can’t do without it ... Our whole house rests on that. And I was not a liar, but I learned when it became necessary.

Barbara adapted to the "dark kingdom", learned its laws and rules. It feels power, strength, desire to deceive. She, in fact, is the future Boar, because an apple does not fall far from an apple tree.

Varvara's friend, Ivan Kudryash, is a match for her. He is the only one in the city of Kalinov who can answer Wild. “I am considered a rude; why is he holding me? So, he needs me. Well, that means I’m not afraid of him, but let him be afraid of me ... ”, says Kudryash. In conversation, he behaves cheekily, smartly, boldly, boasts of his prowess, red tape, knowledge of the “merchant establishment”. Curly is the second Wild, only he is still young.

In the end, Varvara and Kudryash leave the "dark kingdom", but does this escape mean that they are completely freed from old traditions and laws and will become a source of new laws of life and honest rules? Unlikely. Once free, they will most likely try to become masters of life themselves.

Let's now turn to the true victims of the "dark kingdom". So, the husband of Katerina Kabanova Tikhon is a weak-willed, spineless creature. He obeys his mother in everything and obeys her. He does not have a clear life position, courage, courage. His image fully corresponds to the name given to him - Tikhon (quiet). Young Kabanov not only does not respect himself, but also allows his mother to treat his wife rudely. This is especially evident in the scene of farewell, before leaving for the fair. Tikhon repeats word for word all the instructions and moralizing of his mother. Kabanov could not resist his mother in anything, he slowly became an inveterate drunkard and thereby became even more weak-willed and quiet.

Of course, Katerina cannot love and respect such a husband, but her soul yearns for love. She falls in love with Diky's nephew, Boris. But Katerina fell in love with him, in the apt expression of Dobrolyubov, “on the desert”, because, in essence, Boris is not much different from Tikhon, perhaps a little more educated than him. Boris's lack of will, his desire to receive his part of his grandmother's inheritance (and he will receive it only if he is respectful with his uncle) turned out to be stronger than love.

In the "dark kingdom" the wanderer Feklusha enjoys great respect and respect. Feklusha's stories about the lands where people with dog heads live are perceived as irrefutable information about the world.

But not everything is so gloomy, there are also living, sensitive souls in the “dark kingdom”. This is a self-taught mechanic Kuligin, looking for a perpetual motion machine. He is kind and active, obsessed with a constant desire to do something useful for people. However, all his good intentions run into a thick wall of misunderstanding, indifference, ignorance. So, on an attempt to put steel lightning rods on the houses, he receives a fierce rebuff from Wild: “The storm is sent to us as a punishment, so that we feel, but you want to defend yourself with poles and horns of some kind, God forgive me.”

Kuligin is a reasoner in the play, a condemnation of the “dark kingdom” is put into his mouth: “Cruel, sir, the customs in our city are cruel ... Whoever has money, sir, he tries to enslave the poor in order to make even more money for his free labors ...”

But Kuligin, like Tikhon, Boris, Varvara, Kudryash, adapted to the “dark kingdom”, resigned himself to such a life, he is just one of the inhabitants of the “dark kingdom”.

Secondary characters, as already mentioned, are the background against which the tragedy of a desperate woman unfolds. Each face in the play, each image was a step on the ladder that led Katerina to the banks of the Volga, to a tragic death.

"Thunderstorm" is an idyll of the "dark kingdom". The characters themselves in the drama have no idea of ​​the meaning of their position. Persons who do not directly participate in intrigues seem unnecessary and superfluous, but we, the readers, see completely different facts, and it is these faces that create the background for the work and the atmosphere of the life of the main characters.

Secondary characters show us the environment in which the action takes place, the life of the main characters must be considered not only in the direct relationship of several people, but also their everyday environment.

Katerina is a whole, strong nature, she endures only for the time being. Katerina's speech, musical, melodious, resembles folk songs: repetitions, an abundance of affectionate and diminutive words, comparisons are characteristic.

Barbara is a smart, domineering, cunning girl. Before getting married, she wants to try everything. Her motto: "Do whatever you want, if only it was sewn and covered." From the outside, she looks like a Kabanikha, only she is still too young. To adapt to the "dark kingdom", she has to lie, and she herself does not hide this. There is a feeling that she likes to lie and cheat.

Her friend Ivan Kudryash is a lively, bold, strong rude man. He realized that strength is valued in the city of Kalinin, even Wild was afraid of him. But if you look closely, then in the future Curly is Wild.

Varvara and Ivan defended their love, they fled from the "dark kingdom", probably in order to build their own somewhere else, the same.

Katerina's husband, Tikhon, is one of the many miserable types who are called harmless, although they are in a general sense harmful, because they serve as their faithful helpers. Tikhon loved his wife and was ready to do everything for her, but the oppression under which he grew up so disfigured him that no strong feeling, no decisive desire could develop in him. It has a conscience, there is a desire for good. He constantly acts against himself and serves as a submissive instrument of his mother, even in his relations with his wife.

Katerina believes with deep sincerity in the precepts of folk morality, which are reflected in Christianity. She is pure in soul: lies and debauchery are alien and disgusting to her. The straightforwardness of Ostrovsky's heroine is one of the sources of her tragedy.

Katerina thought she loved this man, but over time she realized that this was not so. That in fact she had never loved before, but her soul and heart wanted to experience this new, unexplored feeling. She falls in love with Boris, Diky's nephew. All the characters in this play are very similar to each other. So, and Boris is very similar to the Pacific. Boris is the same, in essence, only "educated". Education robbed him of the strength to do mischief, but it did not give him the strength to resist the mischief that others do; it has not even developed in him the ability to behave in such a way as to remain alien to all the vile things that swarm around him. He submits to other people's nasty things, he willy-nilly participates in them and must accept all their consequences. But he understands his situation, talks about it, and often even deceives for the first time truly lively and strong natures, who, judging by themselves, think that if a person thinks so, understands so, then he must do so.

The wanderer Feklusha enjoys respect in the "dark kingdom". She feels good among the naive Kalinovites, she is revered, treated and supplied with everything necessary. It is from her that the inhabitants learn what is happening in the world. But Feklusha is smart in her own way, she will never say that it is better in other lands than in Kalinin. It is easier for her to intimidate people by talking about wrong judges and people with dog heads.

A self-taught mechanic, Kuligin is a kind person who is obsessed with the desire to do something useful for people. But they do not understand him, they treat him indifferently.

And what is left for such people to do? Only put up with the established traditions of the "dark kingdom".

The life of these people flows smoothly and peacefully, no interests of the world disturb them, because they do not reach them. Yes, and they themselves do not aspire to anything.