More than sixty years ago, a terrible tragedy suddenly befell the Russian people. War is destruction, poverty, cruelty, death. War means thousands of people tortured, killed, tortured in camps, millions of crippled destinies.

We are accustomed to the fact that in war there is no place for sentimentality and tenderness, and the word “hero” in our understanding is necessarily a fighter, a soldier, in a word, a man. Everyone knows the names: Zhukov, Rokossovsky, Panfilov and many others, but few people know the names of those girls who went straight from the prom to the war, without whom, perhaps, there would have been no Victory.

Few people know that nurses, our peers, pulled wounded soldiers from the battlefield to the whistle of bullets. If for a man the defense of the Fatherland is a duty, a sacred duty, then the girls went to the front voluntarily. They were not taken because young age, but they still went. They went and mastered professions that had previously been considered only for men: pilot, tanker, anti-aircraft gunner... They went and killed enemies no worse than men. It was difficult for them, but they still went.

A lot of works have been written about the Great Patriotic War, which show without embellishment all the difficulties that people faced during the war, but most of all I was shocked by B. Vasiliev’s story “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet...”.

Boris Vasiliev is one of those writers who himself went through difficult roads wars, who defended their native land with weapons in their hands. In addition, he wrote many stories about what he had to endure during the difficult years at the front. And this is the experience of an eyewitness, and not the speculation of the creator.

The story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet...” tells us about the distant war years. The action takes place in May 1942. The main character, Fedot Evgrafovich Baskov, according to “ at will"receives a female anti-aircraft machine gun battalion: "Send in non-drinkers... Non-drinkers and this... So, you know, about the female sex...”. The girls have a low opinion of their foreman and constantly make fun of him, calling him “a mossy stump.” And indeed, at thirty-two years old, Sergeant Major Basque was “older than himself,” he was a man of few words, but he knew and could do a lot.

All girls are not alike. The assistant sergeant, Sergeant Rita Osyanina, is a strict girl who rarely laughs. Of the pre-war events, she most clearly remembers the school evening when she met her future husband, Senior Lieutenant Osyanin. He was shy, like herself, they danced together, talked... Rita got married, gave birth to a son, and “there simply couldn’t have been a happier girl.” But then the war began, and this happy fate was not destined to continue. Senior Lieutenant Osyanin died on the second day of the war, in a morning counterattack. Rita learned to hate, quietly and mercilessly, and, deciding to avenge her husband, she went to the front.

The complete opposite of Osyanina is Zhenya Komel-kova. The author himself never ceases to admire her: “tall, red-haired, white-skinned. And the children’s eyes: green, round, like saucers.” Zhenya’s family: mother, grandmother, brother - the Germans killed everyone, but she managed to hide. She ended up in the women's battery for having an affair with a married commander. Very artistic, emotional, she always attracted male attention. Her friends say about her: “Zhenya, you should go to the theater...”. Despite personal tragedies, Komelkova remained cheerful, mischievous, sociable and sacrificed her life for the sake of others, to save her wounded friend.

Vaskov immediately liked the fighter Lisa Brichkina. Fate did not spare her either: from childhood she had to manage the household herself, since her mother was very ill. She fed the cattle, cleaned the house, and cooked food. She became increasingly alienated from her peers. Lisa began to shy away, keep silent, and avoid noisy companies. One day her father brought a hunter from the city to the house, and she, seeing nothing but her sick mother and the house, fell in love with him, but he did not reciprocate her feelings. When leaving, he left Lisa a note with a promise to place her in a technical school with a dormitory in August... But the war did not allow these dreams to come true! Lisa also dies; she drowns in the swamp, rushing to the aid of her friends.

There are so many girls, so many destinies: everyone is different. But in one thing they are still similar: all destinies were broken and disfigured by the war. Having received an order not to let the Germans get to the railway, the girls carried it out at the cost of their own lives. All five girls who went on the mission died, but they died heroically, for their Motherland.

“And the dawns here are quiet...” is an artistic canvas of significant content, a work of deep civil and patriotic resonance. In 1975, for this story B. Vasiliev was awarded State Prize THE USSR.

1. Give short review creativity of B. Vasiliev, pay attention to the problems that the writer poses in the story.
2. Help students understand and evaluate the actions of heroes and express their attitude towards them. Develop text analysis skills.
3. To cultivate high patriotic qualities.

Equipment. Portrait of a Writer; an exhibition of his books; illustrations by students for the story, poster by I. Toidze “The Motherland is Calling,” stands “For the sake of life on earth,” “Woman and war.”

Preparatory work.

1. Read the story.
2. Prepare to retell the writer's biography.
3. Write a review about the book.
4. Draw illustrations for the story.
5. Publish a wall newspaper based on the writer’s work.

During the classes

1. Organizing time. The lesson begins with showing film footage about the war. Levitan's heartfelt words sound:

Our cause is just. The enemy will be defeated. Victory will be ours!

Teacher. With this faith, the Soviet people went through the most terrible war that humanity has ever experienced. Millions of Soviet people gave their lives for a just cause, for the Soviet people to be free and happy. No, this cannot be forgotten!

(Reads S. Shchipachev’s poem “To the Fallen”)

They all wanted to live, but they died so that people could say: “And the dawns here are quiet...” Quiet dawns cannot be in tune with war, with death. They died, but they won, they didn’t let a single fascist through. They won because they selflessly loved their Motherland.

Woman at war...The role of women at the front is great. Women doctors and nurses, under shelling and explosions, carried the wounded from the battlefield, provided first aid, sometimes at great cost. own life rescued the wounded. Separate women's battalions were organized. We dedicate our lesson to girls - fighters of harsh times. Today we will talk about girls who were inhumanly, cruelly “levelled” by the war, viciously trampling on their charm, tenderness, and love.

It is no coincidence that Boris Vasiliev made the girls the heroes of his story in order to show how cruel the war is. After all, women are the beginning of all life. Murder of women is more than a crime. The Nazis killed them by the thousands...

2. Formation of new concepts.

a) students present materials on the biography and work of the writer.

b) student reports about the story. 1st student. For the story “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet...” B. Vasiliev was awarded the State USSR Prize, and for the script “The Quiet Dawns...” - the Lenin Komsomol Prize.

3) 2nd student

The story is set in May 1942. The location is the unknown 171st crossing. Soldiers of an anti-aircraft machine-gun battalion are serving on a quiet patrol. These are fighters - girls. Chasing enemy saboteurs in the forest, the girls, led by Vaskov, enter into an unequal battle with the fascists: six against sixteen. There were only five girls: Margarita Osyanina, Evgenia Komelkova, Elizaveta Brichkina, Galina Chetvertak, Sonya Gurvich.

1st student. “And the Germans wounded her blindly, through the foliage, and she could have hidden, waited, and maybe left. But she shot while there were cartridges. She shot while lying down, no longer trying to run away, because her strength was gone along with her blood. She could hide, wait, and maybe leave. And she didn’t hide, and she didn’t leave...”

Zhenya Komelkova is one of the brightest, strongest and most courageous representatives of the female fighters shown in the story. Both the most comic and the most dramatic scenes are associated with Zhenya in the story. Her goodwill, optimism, cheerfulness, self-confidence, and irreconcilable hatred of her enemies involuntarily attract attention to her and arouse admiration. In order to deceive the German saboteurs and force them to take a long road around the river, a small detachment of girl fighters made a noise in the forest, pretending to be lumberjacks. Zhenya Komelkova acted out a stunning scene of carelessly swimming in icy water in full view of the Germans, ten meters from enemy machine guns.

Here Zhenya “...stepped into the water and, screaming, began splashing noisily and cheerfully. The spray sparkled in the sun, rolled down the elastic warm body, and the commandant, not breathing, waited in horror for his turn. Now, now, Zhenya will hit and break, throw up his hands..."

Together with Vaskov, we see that Zhenya “smiles, and her eyes, wide open, are filled with horror, as if with tears. And this horror is alive and heavy, like mercury.”

In this episode, heroism, courage, and desperate courage were fully demonstrated.

In the last minutes of her life, Zhenya called fire on herself, just to ward off the threat from the seriously wounded Rita and Fedot Vaskov. She believed in herself, and, leading the Germans away from Osyanina, did not doubt for a moment that everything would end well.

And even when the first bullet hit her in the side, she was simply surprised. After all, it was so stupidly absurd and implausible to die at nineteen...

“And the Germans wounded her blindly, through the foliage, and she could have hidden, waited, and maybe left. But she shot while there were cartridges. She shot while lying down, no longer trying to run away, because her strength was gone along with her blood. And the Germans finished her off point-blank, and then looked at her proud and beautiful face for a long time after death...”

2nd student:

“Rita knew that her wound was fatal and that dying would be long and difficult. So far there was almost no pain, only the burning sensation in my stomach was getting stronger and I was thirsty. But it was impossible to drink, and Rita simply soaked a rag in the puddle and applied it to her lips.

Vaskov hid her under a spruce tree, threw branches at her and left...

Rita shot in the temple, and there was almost no blood.”

Courage, composure, humanity, and a high sense of duty to the Motherland distinguish the squad commander, junior sergeant Rita Osyanina. The author, considering the images of Rita and Fedot Vaskov to be central, already in the first chapters talks about past life Osyanina. School evening, meeting Lieutenant Border Guard Osyanin, lively correspondence, registry office. Then - the border outpost. Rita learned to bandage the wounded and shoot, ride a horse, throw grenades and protect herself from gases, the birth of her son, and then... the war. And in the first days of the war she was not at a loss - she saved other people’s children, and soon found out that her husband had died at the outpost on the second day of the war in a counterattack.

More than once they wanted to send her to the rear, but every time she appeared again at the headquarters of the fortified area, finally she was hired as a nurse, and six months later she was sent to study at a tank anti-aircraft school.

Zhenya learned to quietly and mercilessly hate her enemies. At the position, she shot down a German balloon and an ejected spotter.

When Vaskov and the girls counted the fascists emerging from the bushes - sixteen instead of the expected two, the foreman said to everyone in a homely manner: “It’s bad, girls, it’s going to happen.”

It was clear to him that they couldn’t hold out for long against heavily armed enemies, but then Rita’s firm response: “Well, should we watch them pass by?” - obviously, greatly strengthened Vaskov in the decision taken. Twice Osyanina rescued Vaskov, taking the fire upon herself, and now, having received a mortal wound and knowing the position of the wounded Vaskov, she does not want to be a burden to him, she understands how important it is to bring their common cause to the end, to detain the fascist saboteurs.

“Rita knew that the wound was fatal, that she would die long and difficult”

3rd student.

- “Were the Germans waiting for Sonya or did she accidentally run into them? She ran without fear along the twice-trodden path, in a hurry to bring him, Sergeant Major Vaskov, that thrice-cursed shag. She ran, rejoiced and did not have time to understand where the sweaty weight fell on her fragile shoulders, why her heart suddenly burst with a piercing bright pain...

No, I made it. And she managed to understand and scream, because she didn’t reach the knife to her heart with the first blow: her chest was in the way. Or maybe it wasn't like that? Maybe they were waiting for her?

Sonya Gurvich – “translator”, one of the girls in Vaskov’s group, a “city” girl; as thin as a spring rook.”

The author, talking about Sonya's past life, emphasizes her talent, love for poetry and theater. Boris Vasiliev remembers." The percentage of intelligent girls and students at the front was very large. Most often - freshmen. For them, the war was the most terrible thing... Somewhere among them, my Sonya Gurvich fought.”

And so, wanting to do something nice, like an older, experienced and caring comrade, the foreman, Sonya rushes for a pouch that he had forgotten on a stump in the forest, and dies from a blow from an enemy knife in the chest.

“I ran, rejoiced, and did not have time to understand where the sweaty weight fell on my fragile shoulders, why my heart suddenly exploded with a piercing bright pain. No, I made it. And she managed to understand and scream, because she didn’t reach the knife to her heart with the first blow: her chest got in the way.”

4th student.

- “The Germans walked silently, bending down and holding out their machine guns.

The bushes made a noise, and Galya suddenly ran out of them. Bent over, clasping her hands behind her head, she rushed across the clearing in front of the saboteurs, no longer seeing or thinking anything.

The machine gun struck briefly. From a dozen steps he hit her on her thin back, strained by running, and Galya plunged face first into the ground, never removing her hands from her head, clasped in horror. Her last cry was lost in a gurgling wheeze, and her legs were still running, still beating, piercing the toes of Sonya’s boots into the moss. Everything in the clearing froze..."

Galina Chetvertak – orphan, pupil orphanage, a dreamer, endowed by nature with a vivid imaginative fantasy. Skinny, little "snotty" Galka did not fit the army standards either in height or age.

When, after the death of her friend, Galka was ordered by the foreman to put on her boots, “she physically, to the point of nausea, felt a knife penetrating the tissue, heard the crunch of torn flesh, felt the heavy smell of blood. And this gave birth to a dull, cast-iron horror...” And enemies lurked nearby, mortal danger loomed.

“The reality that women faced in the war,” says the writer, “was much more difficult than anything they could come up with in the most desperate time of their fantasies. The tragedy of Gali Chetvertak is about this.”

The machine gun struck briefly. With a dozen steps, he hit her thin back, strained by running, and Galya plunged face first into the ground, never removing her hands from her head, clasped in horror.

Everything in the clearing froze.”

5th student.

“Just a step to the side, and my legs immediately lost support, hung somewhere in an unsteady void, and the swamp squeezed my hips like a soft vice. The long-simmering horror suddenly splashed out at once, sending a sharp pain through my heart. Trying to hold on and climb out onto the path, Lisa leaned all her weight onto the pole. The dry pole crunched loudly, and Lisa fell face down into the cold liquid mud. There was no land. Her legs were slowly, terribly slowly dragged down, her arms rowed the swamp uselessly, and Lisa, gasping for breath, wriggled in the liquid mass. And the path was somewhere nearby: a step, half a step, but these half steps were no longer possible to take..."

Teacher. Girls almost your age died. “I wanted to talk about the experiences of today's nineteen-year-olds. Tell them in such a way that they themselves seem to have walked the roads of war, so that the dead girls seem close and understandable to them - their contemporaries. And at the same time - girls of the thirties,” - this is how the writer addresses his young readers. Guys, can the death of each of the girls be called heroic?

2nd student. The death of all the girls shocked us all, our hearts sank for each one. Each of them could live, raise children, and bring joy to people. They, women, destined by nature itself to give and continue life on Earth, gentle and fragile, enter into a merciless battle with cruel invaders. They, women, without demanding any discounts for themselves and without thinking about them, do everything to stop the enemy. And for this they do not spare their lives.

Teacher. Why do all the girls in the story die?

3rd student. At one of the readers’ conferences, B. Vasiliev said: we must keep in mind that we're talking about about the German paratroopers, who had not yet surrendered. To stop them, it was necessary to pay with the lives of Soviet people. And here against them there is only one foreman and five inexperienced girls. But these girls knew perfectly well what they were giving their lives for.

Vaskov knew one thing in this battle: not to retreat. Don’t give up a single piece of land on this coast to the Germans. No matter how hard it is, no matter how hopeless it is, to hold on.

“...And he had such a feeling, as if all of Russia had come together behind his back, it was he, Fedot Evgrafovich Vaskov, who was now her last son and protector. And there was no one else in the whole world: only he, the enemy and Russia” (Reads the excerpt “What, they took it?...They took it, right? Five girls, there were five girls in total, only five!...And - you didn’t pass, you didn’t pass anywhere and you’ll die here, you’ll all die!...I’ll kill everyone personally, personally..."

The heart of the seasoned fighter, hero-patriot F. Vaskov fills with pain, hatred and brightness, and this strengthens his strength and gives him the opportunity to survive. A single feat - the defense of the Motherland - equates Sergeant Major Vaskov and the five girls who “hold their front, their Russia” on the Sinyukhin Ridge.

This is how another motive of the story arises: everyone on his own sector of the front must do the possible and the impossible for victory, so that the dawns are quiet.

3. Teacher's generalization. It is impossible to overestimate the educational value of literature about war. The best works of Soviet writers force students to comprehend the greatness and beauty of patriotism, to think about the bloody price that was given for every inch of their native land, to comprehend “at what price the happiness of victory was won and peace was gained.

This short story cannot leave either adults or teenagers indifferent. For all tragic fate young girls who gave their lives for their Motherland, for victory in a brutal battle against fascism, personify the cost at which our people achieved victory.

The story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet,” written by Boris Lvovich Vasiliev (life: 1924-2013), first appeared in 1969. The work, according to the author himself, is based on a real military episode when, after being wounded, seven soldiers serving on the railway prevented a German sabotage group from blowing it up. After the battle, only one sergeant, the commander of the Soviet fighters, managed to survive. In this article we will analyze “And the dawns here are quiet”, we will describe summary this story.

War is tears and grief, destruction and horror, madness and the extermination of all living things. She brought misfortune to everyone, knocking on every house: wives lost their husbands, mothers lost their sons, children were forced to be left without fathers. Many people went through it, experienced all these horrors, but they managed to survive and win the hardest war ever endured by humanity. Let's start the analysis of "And the Dawns Here Are Quiet" with brief description events, commenting on them along the way.

Boris Vasiliev served as a young lieutenant at the beginning of the war. In 1941, he went to the front while still a schoolboy, and two years later was forced to leave the army due to severe shell shock. Thus, this writer knew the war firsthand. Therefore it best works- precisely about her, about the fact that a person manages to remain human only by fulfilling his duty to the end.

In the work “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” the content of which is war, it is felt especially acutely, since it is turned on an unusual side for us. We are all used to associating men with her, but here the main characters are girls and women. They stood up against the enemy alone in the middle of Russian land: lakes, swamps. The enemy is hardy, strong, merciless, well armed, and many times outnumbers them.

The events take place in May 1942. A railway siding and its commander are depicted - Fyodor Evgrafych Vaskov, a 32-year-old man. The soldiers arrive here, but then start partying and drinking. Therefore, Vaskov writes reports, and in the end they send him anti-aircraft gunner girls under the command of Rita Osyanina, a widow (her husband died at the front). Then Zhenya Komelkova arrives, replacing the carrier killed by the Germans. All five girls had their own character.

Five different characters: analysis

“And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” is a work that describes interesting female images. Sonya, Galya, Lisa, Zhenya, Rita - five different, but in some ways very similar girls. Rita Osyanina - gentle and strong-willed, different spiritual beauty. She is the most fearless, courageous, she is a mother. Zhenya Komelkova is white-skinned, red-haired, tall, with childish eyes, always laughing, cheerful, mischievous to the point of adventurism, tired of pain, war and painful and long love for a married and distant man. Sonya Gurvich is an excellent student, a refined poetic nature, as if she came out of a book of poems by Alexander Blok. She always knew how to wait, she knew that she was destined for life, and it was impossible to avoid it. The latter, Galya, always lived more actively in the imaginary world than in the real one, so she was very afraid of this merciless terrible phenomenon, which represents war. “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” portrays this heroine as a funny, never-grown-up, clumsy orphanage girl. Escape from an orphanage, notes and dreams... oh long dresses, solo parts and general worship. She wanted to become new love Orlova.

The analysis of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” allows us to say that none of the girls were able to fulfill their desires, because they did not have time to live their lives.

Further developments

The heroes of “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” fought for their homeland like no one had ever fought before. They hated the enemy with all their souls. The girls always followed orders precisely, as young soldiers should. They experienced everything: losses, worries, tears. Right before the eyes of these fighters, their good friends died, but the girls held on. They fought to the death until the very end, did not let anyone through, and there were hundreds and thousands of such patriots. Thanks to them, it was possible to defend the freedom of the Motherland.

Death of Heroines

These girls had different deaths, just as they were different life paths, which the heroes of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” followed. Rita was wounded by a grenade. She understood that she could not survive, that the wound was fatal, and she would have to die painfully and for a long time. Therefore, gathering the rest of her strength, she shot herself in the temple. Galya's death was as reckless and painful as she herself - the girl could have hidden and saved her life, but she did not. One can only guess what motivated her then. Perhaps just momentary confusion, perhaps cowardice. Sonya's death was cruel. She did not even manage to understand how the blade of the dagger pierced her cheerful young heart. Zhenya’s is a little reckless and desperate. She believed in herself until the very end, even when she was leading the Germans away from Osyanina, and did not doubt for a moment that everything would end well. Therefore, even after the first bullet hit her in the side, she was only surprised. After all, it was so implausible, absurd and stupid to die when you were only nineteen years old. Lisa's death happened unexpectedly. It was a very stupid surprise - the girl was pulled into the swamp. The author writes that until the last moment the heroine believed that “there will be tomorrow for her too.”

Sergeant Major Vaskov

Sergeant Major Vaskov, whom we have already mentioned in summary“And the dawns here are quiet,” in the end he remains alone in the midst of torment, misfortune, alone with death and three prisoners. But now he has five times more strength. What was human in this fighter, the best, but hidden deep in the soul, was suddenly revealed. He felt and worried both for himself and for his girls “sisters”. The foreman is sad, he doesn’t understand why this happened, because they need to give birth to children, not die.

So, according to the plot, all the girls died. What guided them when they went into battle, not sparing their own lives, defending their land? Perhaps just a duty to the Fatherland, to one’s people, perhaps patriotism? Everything was mixed up at that moment.

Sergeant Major Vaskov ultimately blames himself for everything, and not the fascists he hates. His words that he “put all five down” are perceived as a tragic requiem.

Conclusion

Reading the work “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” you involuntarily become an observer of the everyday life of anti-aircraft gunners at a bombed crossing in Karelia. This story is based on an episode that is insignificant in the enormous scale of the Great Patriotic War, but it is told about him in such a way that all its horrors appear before your eyes in all their ugly, terrible inconsistency with the essence of man. It is emphasized both by the fact that the work is titled “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” and by the fact that its heroes are girls forced to participate in the war.

The plot and system of images of the story “And the dawns here are quiet...”

Vasiliev's story artistic genre

"War has no woman's face"- this has been the thesis for many centuries. Very capable of surviving the horror of war strong people, therefore it is customary to consider war a man's business. But the tragedy, the cruelty of war lies in the fact that along with the men, women also stand up and go to kill and die.

Five completely different girlish characters, five different destinies. The female anti-aircraft gunners go on reconnaissance under the command of Sergeant Major Vaskov, who is used to living according to the rules. Despite the horrors of war, he retained the best human qualities. He realizes his guilt before them for not being able to save the girls. The death of five girls leaves deep wound in the heart of the elder, he cannot find an excuse for her even in his soul. In the sorrow of this common man contains the highest humanism.

The behavior of the girls is also a feat, because they are completely unsuited to military conditions.

According to the author, the story is based on a real episode during the war, when seven soldiers, after being wounded, serving at one of the junction stations of the Adler-Sakhalin railway, did not allow a German sabotage group to blow up railway in this area. After the battle, only the sergeant, the commander of a group of Soviet soldiers, survived, and after the war he was awarded the medal “For Military Merit.” “And I thought: this is it! A situation when a person himself, without any order, decides: I won’t let you in! They have nothing to do here! I started working on this plot and have already written about seven pages. And suddenly I realized that nothing would work. It'll just be special case at war. There was nothing fundamentally new in this plot. Work stopped. And then suddenly it came up - let my hero have young girls under his command, not men. And that’s it - the story was immediately built up. Women have the hardest time in war. There were 300 thousand of them at the front! And then no one wrote about them"

The narration is conducted on behalf of Vaskov. The whole story is based on his memories. And this plays an important role in the ideological and artistic perception of the story. It was written by a man who went through the whole war, so it is all believable. The author dedicates it moral problem formation and transformation of the character and psyche of the individual in war conditions. The painful topic of war is illustrated by the example of the heroes of the story. Each of them has his own attitude to the war, his own motives for fighting the fascists. And it is these young girls who will have to prove themselves in war conditions. Each Vasiliev character has its own flavor and its own range of feelings. The events that take place make you empathize with each character. As they said during the war, there is one life and one death. And all the girls can equally be called true heroines of war.

For a more complete disclosure of images, Vasiliev uses the following artistic device like a retrospective. A retrospective review is a return to the past. Reception of retrospection in fiction(inclusion of past events into the narrative).

It is from the memories of the heroes of the story that we learn more about their life before the war, their social relevance and characters. The heroines of this story are very different. Each of them is unique, has an inimitable character and a unique destiny, broken by the war. What these girls have in common is that they live for the same goal. This goal is to protect the Motherland, protect their families, protect loved ones. And to do this it is necessary to destroy the enemy. For some, destroying the enemy means fulfilling their duty, avenging the death of their loved ones.

Let's look at each character separately. Let's start with commandant Fedot Efgrafovich Vaskov. In this character we see a lonely person for whom there is nothing left in life except the regulations, orders of his superiors and the department entrusted to him. The war took everything away. He lived strictly according to the rules and imposed this rule on everyone around him. In the life of the commandant, everything changed with the advent of the sent anti-aircraft gunners. In addition to their pleasant appearance, the new arrivals were also sharp-tongued. Despite the noticeable rudeness, Vaskov shows concern for all five anti-aircraft gunners. The image of Vaskov experiences a rebirth throughout the story. But not only the foreman himself is the reason for this. The girls also contributed a considerable share, each in their own way. Fedot Efgrafovich is having a hard time experiencing the death of the girls. He became mentally attached to each of them, each of the deaths left a scar on his heart. Vaskov’s arm was shot, but his heart hurt many times more. He felt guilty for the death of each of the girls. Without losing the pouch, he might have avoided the death of Sonya Gurvich; Without sending Lisa Brichkina on an empty stomach and more convincingly forcing her to rest on an island in the swamp, her death could also have been avoided. But was it possible to know all this in advance? You won't bring anyone back. A last request Rita Osyanina became a real order, which Vaskov simply did not dare to disobey. There is a moment in the story when Vaskov, together with Rita’s son, lays flowers on a memorial plaque with the names of all five female anti-aircraft gunners. The thirst for revenge ruled Vaskov’s consciousness after the death of Rita Osyanina, who asked to take her little son to her. Vaskov will subsequently replace his father.

The story of Elizaveta Brichkina, who suffered an absurd, but terrible and painful death, is complex. Lisa is a silent, somewhat withdrawn girl. In the story, Lisa is a dreamy and calm, but at the same time serious girl. She lived with her parents on a cordon in the forest. Filled with a sense of hope for happiness and anticipation of a bright future, she walked through life. She always remembered her parents’ parting words and promises of a happy “tomorrow.” Once in the detachment of anti-aircraft gunners, Lisa was calm and restrained. She liked Vaskov. Lisa, without hesitation, asked to join the squad to search for German saboteurs. Vaskov agreed. Throughout the journey, Lisa attracted Vaskov’s attention more and more. He told her: “You take note of everything, Lizaveta, you are our forest man...” (178). Realizing the danger of the situation, when instead of two saboteurs sixteen appeared on the horizon, Vaskov immediately knew who he would send for help. Lisa was in a hurry. She wanted to bring help as soon as possible. All the way she thought about the words of Fedot Evgrafovich and warmed herself with the thought that they would definitely carry out the order and sing. Walking through the swamp, Lisa experienced incredible fear. And this is understandable, because then, when she walked along with everyone, they would definitely have helped her if anything happened, but now she is alone, in a dead, deaf swamp, where there is not a single living soul who could help her. But Vaskov’s words and the proximity of the “cherished stump” (201), which was a landmark for Lisa, and therefore solid ground under her feet, warmed Lisa’s soul and lifted her spirits. But the author decides to take a tragic turn of events. Attempts to get out and heart-rending cries for help are in vain. And at the moment when the last moment in Lisa’s life has come, the sun appears as a promise of happiness and a symbol of hope. Everyone knows the saying: hope dies last. This is what happened to Lisa. “Lisa saw this beautiful blue sky for a long time. Wheezing, she spat out dirt and reached out, reached out to him, reached out and believed... And until the last moment she believed that this would happen tomorrow for her too...” (202)

The death of Sonya Gurvich was unnecessary; she, trying to do a good deed, dies from an enemy blade. A student preparing for the summer session is forced to fight the German occupiers. She and her parents were of the Jewish nation. Sonya got into the group that Vaskov recruited because she knew German. Like Brichkina, Sonya was quiet. She also loved poetry and often read them out loud, either to herself or to her friends.

Vaskov dropped his memorable tobacco pouch. Sonya understood his feelings about the loss and decided to help him. Remembering where she had seen this pouch, Sonya ran in search of it. Vaskov ordered her to return in a whisper, but Sonya no longer heard him. The German soldier who grabbed her plunged a knife into her chest. Having decided to do a good deed for her boss, Sonya Gurvich passed away.

Sonya's death was the first loss of the detachment. That is why everyone, especially Vaskov, took it very seriously. Vaskov blamed himself for her death. But nothing could be done. She was buried, and Vaskov removed the buttonholes from her jacket. He will subsequently remove the same buttonholes from all the jackets of the dead girls.

The following three characters can be viewed simultaneously. These are the images of Rita Osyanina ( maiden name Mushtakov), Zhenya Komelkova and Gali Chetvertak. These three girls always stayed together. Young Zhenya was incredibly pretty. “Laughter” had a difficult life story. Before her eyes, the whole family was killed, a loved one died, so she had her own personal accounts with the Germans. She and Sonya came to Vaskov’s disposal a little later than the others, but nevertheless they immediately joined the team. She also did not immediately develop a friendship with Rita, but after a sincere conversation, both girls saw in themselves good friends. Zhenya, with the last bullets, began to lead the Germans away from her wounded friend, giving Vaskov time to help Rita. Zhenya accepted a heroic death. She wasn't afraid to die. Her last words meant that by killing one soldier, even a girl, they would not kill the whole Soviet Union. Zhenya literally cursed before her death, laying out everything that hurt her.

They also did not immediately accept homely Galya into their “company”. Galya showed herself as good man who will not betray and will give the last piece of bread to his comrade. Having managed to keep Rita's secret, Galya became one of them.

Young Galya lived in orphanage. She got to the front by deception, lying about her age. Galya was very timid. WITH early childhood deprived of maternal warmth and care. She made up stories about her mother, believing that she was not an orphan, that her mother would come back and take her. Everyone laughed at these stories, and unfortunate Galya tried to come up with other stories to amuse others.

Gali's death can be called stupid. Succumbing to fright, she breaks away and runs screaming. A German bullet instantly overtakes her, Galya dies.

During her nineteen years, Rita Osyanina managed to be married and give birth to a son. Her husband died in the first days of the war, but she did not know about this and was waiting for him all the time. Rita herself became an anti-aircraft gunner, wanting to avenge her husband. Rita began to run away to the city at night to visit her son and sick mother, returning in the morning. One day that same morning, Rita came across saboteurs.

The death of Rita Osyanina is psychologically the most difficult moment of the story. B. Vasiliev very accurately conveys the state of a young twenty-year-old girl, perfectly aware that her wound is fatal and that nothing awaits her except torment. But at the same time she was only concerned with one thought: she was thinking about little son, realizing that her timid, sickly mother is unlikely to be able to raise her grandson. The strength of Fedot Vaskov is that he knows how to find the most accurate words at the right moment, so you can trust him. And when he says: “Don’t worry, Rita, I understood everything” (243), it becomes clear that he will really never abandon little Alik Osyanin, but will most likely adopt him and raise him as an honest man. The description of Rita Osyanina's death in the story takes only a few lines. At first a shot sounded quietly. “Rita shot in the temple, and there was almost no blood. Blue specks of powder thickly surrounded the bullet hole, and for some reason Vaskov looked at them for a particularly long time. Then he took Rita aside and began to dig a hole in the place where she had been lying before.”(243)

The tragedy and absurdity of what is happening is emphasized by the fabulous beauty of the Legontov monastery, located next to the lake. And here, amid death and blood, “there was a grave silence, there was already a ringing in my ears.” War is an unnatural phenomenon. War becomes doubly terrible when women die, because it is then, according to B. Vasiliev, that “the threads break” (214). The future, fortunately, turns out to be not only “eternal”, but also grateful. It is no coincidence that in the epilogue, a student who came to relax on Lake Legontovo wrote in a letter to a friend: “It turns out that they fought here, old man. We fought when we were not yet in the world... We found the grave - it is behind the river, in the forest... And the dawns here are quiet, I only saw it today. And pure, pure, like tears...” (246) In B. Vasiliev’s story, the world triumphs. The girls’ feat has not been forgotten; their memory will be an eternal reminder that “war does not have a woman’s face.”

B.L. Vasiliev in his story “And the dawns here are quiet...” created figurative system characters. The image of the main character, Sergeant Major Vaskov, is revealed when interacting with the heroines of the story. These comparisons show inner world heroes.

Every year, people's attitudes towards the events of the war change; many of us began to forget about the exploits that our grandparents performed for the sake of the future of their children. Thanks to the authors of that time, we can still study works and delve into the chronicle of history. Boris Vasiliev's work "And the dawns here are quiet..." was dedicated to people who went through brutal war who unfortunately did not return home, as well as to their friends and comrades. This book can be called a memory, because the events described in it are close to everyone who keeps the memory of the Great Patriotic War.

The work described the fates of five female anti-aircraft gunners, as well as their commander, the actions took place during the Great Patriotic War. Reading this story, I was completely imbued with sympathy for the main characters, because they had not even had time to feel the taste of life. The main characters are Sonya Gurvich, Rita Osyanina, Zhenya Komelkova, Galya Chetvertak, Lisa Brichkina, young girls who have just begun to live, they are bright, cheerful and real. But each of them had the role of dying in the fight for the defense of their Motherland, for love for it and the future. They fought for freedom, but they themselves were cruelly punished by fate, because the war destroyed their plans for life, without giving even a drop of something bright. This terrible events divided their lives into two periods, and they simply had no other choice but to take weapons into their tender hands.

Fedot Vaskov was another main character; the author very soulfully described the bitterness and pain that Fedot experienced for each of the girls. He was the embodiment of a real soldier, brave and courageous, he understood that a girl should be at home, next to her children and home, and not fight. You can see how madly he wants to take revenge on the Nazis for what they did to young girls.

Boris Vasiliev used in his work what he saw and felt himself, so the story contains clear descriptions of the events of the war. Thanks to this, the reader is able to immerse himself in the atmosphere of those very terrible forties. I felt the horror of that time, and realized that the war did not choose who to kill, it was children and adults, both old and young, someone’s husband was killed, someone’s son or brother.

Despite all the pain of what is happening, in the end the author makes it clear that no matter what happens, good will still triumph over evil. These five girls who gave their lives for their Motherland will forever remain in our hearts and will be heroes of the Great War.

Topics covered by the work And the Dawns Here Are Quiet

1) Heroism and dedication

It would seem that just yesterday these women were schoolgirls rushing to class, but today they are young and brave fighters who fight in the same column with men. But they go into battle not because of coercion from the state or loved ones, the girls go there out of love for their homeland. As history shows us to this day, these girls made a huge contribution to the country's victory.

2) Woman at war

But the most main meaning of Vasiliev's entire work, it is terrifying World War, where women fight on equal terms with men. They do not support the soldiers from behind, do not treat or feed them, but hold a gun in their hands and go on the attack. Each of the women has her own family, her own dreams and goals for life, but for many of them, the future will end on the battlefield. As he says main character, the worst thing in war is not that men die, but that women die, and then the whole country dies.

3) Feat of a layman

None of these women who went on the warpath took regular year-long courses. They have not served long in the army and do not know how to wield weapons thoroughly. They are all non-professional fighters, but ordinary soviet women who could become wives and mothers, but despite this they became real fighters. It doesn't even matter how incompetent they are, they fight on par and make a huge contribution to the stories.

4) Courage and honor

Despite the fact that every woman brought a huge treasure to victory during the war, there are those who stood out the most. For example, you can remember the heroine from the book, under the name Zhenya Komelkova, who, having forgotten about her future, dreams and goals, the value of her life, saved her comrades by luring the fascists to join her. It would seem that not every man would dare to do such an act, but this young girl, despite everything, took a risk and was able to help her colleagues. Even after the woman was seriously injured, she did not regret this act and only wanted victory for her homeland.

5) Respect for the Motherland

One of the Voskov heroes, after all the hostilities, blamed and insulted himself for a very long time for not being able to protect and save the weaker sex, who gave their lives on the battlefield. The man was afraid that because of the death of the soldiers, their fathers, husbands, and most importantly, children would rebel and begin blaming Voski for not being able to protect their women. The soldier did not believe that some White Sea Canal was worth so many departed souls. But at one point, one of the women, Rita, said that the man should stop self-flagellation, humiliation and constantly repent of this, since war is not a place for sadness and regret. All these women did not fight for ordinary roads or empty buildings, they fought for their homeland and for the freedom of an entire nation. This is exactly how the author conveys the courage of people and their love for their homeland.

11th grade, Unified State Exam

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