Egyptian hall in the Pushkin Museum exhibits. Individual excursions to the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts. The cost of an excursion to the Pushkin Museum named after A.S. Pushkin for foreign citizens

State Museum fine arts them. A. S. Pushkin or, as it is more often called, the Pushkin Museum is one of the most significant museums in Moscow, which has collected within its walls a large collection of works of foreign art from ancient world to the present day.

The Pushkin Museum opened its doors for the first time on May 31, 1912. The inspirer and first director was Moscow University professor Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev. The initial collection was formed from copies of ancient sculptures and mosaics from the University Cabinet fine arts and genuine antiquities purchased from the famous Egyptologist V.S. Golenishcheva. Later, the halls were replenished with paintings transferred from other museums and works of art from private collections donated or confiscated after the revolution. Today, the Pushkin Museum’s collection includes more than 670,000 exhibits, of which only 1.5% are available for inspection.

Under the jurisdiction of the Pushkin Museum. Pushkin - a whole museum town located in historical center Moscow near Kropotkinskaya metro station. It includes several buildings, including:

• Main building
• Gallery of art from Europe and America of the 19th-20th centuries.
• Department of Personal Collections
• Museum-apartment of Svyatoslav Richter
• Center aesthetic education"Museion"
• Training Art Museum them. I.V. Tsvetaeva
• House of graphics

The main building is an architectural monument with a powerful colonnade and a glass roof, built 100 years ago specifically for the museum.

The exhibition here is located on two floors. The first one contains genuine rarities Ancient Egypt, ancient times, golden treasures of Ancient Troy from the excavations of archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann, paintings by European masters of the 8th-18th centuries, there are Greek and Italian courtyards - large spaces with cast sculptures. On the second floor many rooms are devoted to copies of art objects Ancient Greece, Rome, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. In addition, original paintings by European artists are exhibited here.

The Egyptian Hall is one of the world's best collections of authentic objects from the times of Ancient Egypt: mummies, sarcophagi, masks, figurines, jewelry and vessels.

Wooden sarcophagus of the nobleman Mahu, holder of a plot of land of the Temple of Amun:

Amenhotep and Rannai - priest and priestess of the god Amun:

Sarcophagus and mummy of Khor-Kha. On foreground– cat mummy:

The next room is dedicated to the art of the Ancient Near East.

Figurine of an adorant from Northern Mesopotamia. Adorant is a figurine made of stone or clay that was placed in a temple so that it would pray for the person who placed it.

Halls of ancient art with a collection of Greek vases and amphorae, mosaics, sculptures and reliefs of Ancient Italy, Cyprus and Rome.

Antefix – ceramic tile with the Gorgon Medusa mask:

Items from the excavations of Panticapaeum - the capital of the Chimerian Bosporus:

The theme of antiquity continues in the Greek courtyard - big hall, filled with casts of famous ancient Greek statues, reliefs and architectural fragments.

Sleeping Ariadne. The marble original is kept in the Vatican.

Another courtyard is Italian, with casts of Renaissance masterpieces.

Equestrian statue – copy bronze monument to the commander-in-chief Bartolomeo Colleoni of Venice.

Michelangelo's famous David. The height of the sculpture is 5.5 meters.

One of the main pearls of the Museum of Fine Arts. Pushkin - a collection of works by Rembrandt and artists of his school is located in room No. 10.

Rembrandt "Portrait of an Old Lady" and "Portrait of an Elderly Woman".

Exhibition of paintings Flemish painters 17th century - Rubens, Jordaens, Van Dyck, Bruegel.

Anthony Van Dyck "Portrait of Adrian Stevens". Flemish master of the early 17th century "Portrait of a Lady with a Fan".

"Ice Skating" by Hendrik Averkamp from the 17th century Dutch Art Hall.

Also on the ground floor, the permanent exhibition presents art from Byzantium, Italy from the 13th to 16th centuries, and Germany and the Netherlands from the 15th to 16th centuries.

Let's go up to the second floor.

The hall, called "Olympic", with casts from classical ancient Greek sculptures.

A copy of the sculpture “Lamentation of Christ” from the hall of Michelangelo Buonarotti. " Greater fame and fame,” according to his contemporary, the great master acquired himself with this work.

Italian sculpture from the 15th century. The decoration of the hall uses decorative elements in the style of the Early Renaissance.

Magnificent Tombstone of the Cardinal of Portugal by Rosselino Antonio. The original is in Florence in the church of San Miniato al Monte.

European art of the Middle Ages.

Cultural heritage of Ancient Italy and Ancient Rome in casts. The masterpieces of this room are the Capitoline She-Wolf, the bust of Marcus Aurelius, and the sculpture “Victoria”.

Greek art late classic and Hellenism. The colossal group “Farnese Bull” - the original is kept in the Archaeological Museum of Naples.

Winged Nike of Samothrace and Aphrodite of Knidos famous sculptor Praxiteles.

Of course, it is difficult to show all the halls and works - there are a lot of them, you can spend more than one hour exploring the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts.

Photography is free, but there are a few rules: you cannot use a tripod or flash, and you are prohibited from taking photographs at temporary exhibitions.

On days of particularly significant exhibitions, when masterpieces from collections are brought best museums world, queues are forming at the cash register.

Art Talks on 29 topics are held on Tuesday and Friday afternoons and Thursday evenings in the Main Building, Gallery and Personal Collections Department.

Since 1980 in the museum. Pushkin passes annual festival music “December Evenings of Svyatoslav Richter”, concerts are held in the halls throughout the year.

There are sightseeing and thematic tours of the permanent exhibition; you can take an audio guide, its cost is 250 rubles.

More detailed information see on the official website of the Pushkin Museum: arts-museum.ru

How to get to the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts

By public transport: metro station Kropotkinskaya, then 2 minutes on foot.

Address: Volkhonka street, building 12.

Opening hours

• Tuesday, Wednesday, Saturday, Sunday - from 11-00 to 20-00
• Thursday, Friday - from 11-00 to 21-00

Monday - closed

Ticket prices for the Main Building

• Adults – 400 rubles
• Preferential categories- 200 rubles
• Children under 16 years old – free

I have long been planning to talk about what is perhaps my most favorite Moscow museum - the State Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin. I'll have to split the post into two parts, it's too big and... interesting museum.




PART 1

Do not expect to go around the entire State Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin in one visit. It's practically impossible. Is it just running, glancing briefly at the rich exhibits presented on two floors in 30 halls!
Therefore, I suggest you take a quick “run” through the halls of the museum with me right now, and let everyone thoroughly familiarize themselves with it on their own and preferably over several visits!
Just a little about the history of the museum. The groundbreaking ceremony for the Museum took place on August 17, 1898. First visitors to the Emperor's Museum of Fine Arts Alexandra III accepted at the Moscow Imperial University on May 31, 1912.

As was customary in those glorious years, the museum was built with donations from philanthropists. Most The money was contributed by the great Russian philanthropist Yuri Stepanovich Nechaev-Maltsov.
The creator of the museum, Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev (1847 - 1913) is a Russian scientist-historian, archaeologist, philologist and art historian, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, professor at Moscow University (father of Marina Tsvetaeva).

So, go ahead, on the 1st floor!

Hall 1. ART OF ANCIENT EGYPT. IV-I millennium BC

The richest collection of ancient Egyptian art presented in the exhibition of this hall introduces the stages of development of Egyptian culture, starting from the pre-dynastic period (IV millennium BC) until the time of the New Kingdom (XVII-XII centuries BC). The architecture of the hall reproduces character traits temple architecture of the 2nd millennium BC. The ceiling paintings, made by the artist I.I. Nivinsky in 1912, represent a free variation on the theme of decorative design of mortuary temples and tombs.

Statue of Amenemhet III. Middle Kingdom, XII Dynasty, mid to late 19th century BC.

Sarcophagus of the nobleman Mahu. New Kingdom, XVIII dynasty, XIV century. BC.

Statue of the god Anubis. New Kingdom, II millennium BC.

These “notes” are over 4000 years old!!!

Hall 2. ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS (Mesopotamia, Urartu, Iran, Cyprus, Parthia, India, America)

The exposition of this hall introduces the art of ancient peoples who inhabited Western Asia, the Mediterranean, the Indian Peninsula and Latin America. The decoration of the hall uses motifs from the paintings of the palaces of the Assyrian kings: gate demons “shedu” and reliefs from the royal palaces (casts). In the center of the hall, on a pedestal, there are authentic Urartu vessels, ancient state(current territory of Armenia).

The display cases contain authentic items from ancient civilizations.
Peru. Culture Rekuay. 1st millennium AD Figure of a warrior-priest. Reminds me of our Vanka-Vstanka

Scythians. 7th-5th century BC Clay tent (possibly a toy).

Four-armed Vishnu with attributes in his hands: club, wheel, conch and lotus.
Sandstone, 9th century. AD Gift from Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India.

Relief depicting a winged spirit in a pose of blessing.
Cast. Original 9th ​​century BC is in British Museum, London.
To work on casts of I.V. Tsvetaev in different years attracted famous Russian scientists and outstanding artists. Plaster casts and galvanocpies were ordered in 1890 - 1911 from famous European workshops.

Hall 3. TREASURES OF TROY

A collection of 259 items from treasures discovered by Heinrich Schliemann during the excavations of Troy in 1871-1890 is stored in the Pushkin Museum. A.S. Pushkin since 1945. The collection was transferred Soviet Union together with other artistic values ​​by decision of the Soviet Control Commission as partial compensation for damage caused by the Nazis.

Hall 4. ART OF THE ANCIENT WORLD (Cyprus, Ancient Greece, Etruria, Ancient Rome)

The collection of antique originals is one of the earliest in the Pushkin Museum's collection. The first ancient Greek vases and terracottas were purchased for the Cabinet of Fine Arts of Moscow University in the 50-60s of the 19th century. Today the collection contains more than ten thousand originals dating back to the period from the 3rd millennium BC. to the 4th century AD More than half of them were found by expeditions of the Pushkin Museum during archaeological excavations.

In four sections of the hall - Cyprus, Ancient Greece, Etruria, Ancient Rome - monuments of the main artistic regions and centers of the ancient Mediterranean are presented.
The central place in the art section of Ancient Rome is occupied by a sarcophagus with Dionysian scenes (c. 210) - one of the most famous monuments Museum collections.

Torso of a naked Dionysus with a sword and a grape vine. First half of the 2nd century, marble.

Hall 5. ART OF THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA REGION

The exhibition is based on materials found by expeditions of the Pushkin Museum. A.S. Pushkin in the south of Russia and Crimea.

Portrait statue of a ruler from Gorgippia. Marble, 80s II century
Found in 1939-1940. in Anapa (ancient Gorgippia).

Hall 6. COPTIC AND HELLENISTIC ART

In the first centuries AD, it began to spread in Egypt christian religion. Christian Egyptians were called Copts.
The hall represents the art and culture of Egypt after the campaigns of Alexander the Great, when Egyptian art absorbed the features of the art of the Greeks (“Hellenes”). Most of the exhibits are related to the funerary cult - sarcophagi, burial shrouds and masks. In the center of the hall there is a display case with Egyptian sarcophagi and mummies of the 6th-1st centuries BC.

Of particular interest is the collection of 16 Fayum portraits, made using the most sophisticated technique of wax paints.
Portrait of a woman, second half of the 2nd century.

Mummy masks, 2nd century.

Hall 7. BYZANTINE ART of the XIV-XVI centuries. ART OF ITALY VIII-XVI centuries

Byzantine painting is represented mainly by monuments of the 14th century. Among the world-class masterpieces is the icon of the “Cathedral of the Twelve Apostles,” which is exceptional in its subtlety of execution.

Collection Italian art- one of the best in the Pushkin Museum collection.

Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio. Portrait of a young man in the image of Saint Sebastian. Late 1490s.

Giulio Pippi. Lady at the toilet. Early 1520s.

Hall 8. ART OF GERMANY AND THE NETHERLANDS XV - XVI centuries

Art Northern Renaissance first presented in separate room. These are six boards by Lucas Cranach the Elder, “The Flagellation of Christ” by the largest Münster master Johann Körbecke, “The Annunciation” by the Master from Hoogstraten, etc.
The Pushkin Museum's collection of German art of the 15th century is the best in Russia in terms of the number and quality of works.
There is also a section on Dutch art.

Hall 9. Flemish Art XVII century.

The Flanders Painting Hall gives a holistic view of the Flemish school. Along with the brightest names such as Rubens, Van Dyck, Jordaens, Snyders, the number of exhibited paintings has increased, primarily due to large-format canvases, in the hall you can now see the works of their students and contemporaries (about two dozen new canvases).

Hall 10. Rembrandt and the masters of his school.

For the first time, six paintings by Rembrandt, as well as works by his students and followers, are shown as an independent section.

Hall 11. Dutch painting XVII century.

Dutch paintings School XVII centuries constitute one of the most numerous and attractive sections of the Pushkin Museum’s exhibition. In conditions of severe dependence on market competition, Dutch artists focused on one or several genres where they felt most confident. Some preferred to paint pictures on religious and mythological subjects (works by Hendrik Goltzius, Gerrit van Honthorst, Nicholas Berchem), others - landscapes, and still others - genre scenes and still lifes.

Hall 14. GREEK YARD. Art of Ancient Greece. 2nd half of the 5th - beginning of the 4th century BC. Casts.

One of the most beautiful halls of the museum. The complex organization of movement along three floor levels made it possible to convey with amazing accuracy the free picturesque ensemble of the Athenian Acropolis.

Hall 15. ITALIAN YARD. Art of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Casts.

Italian courtyard built as a reduced repetition courtyard Palazzo Bargelo: corner staircase leading to the second floor, small columns with floral capitals supporting the balcony, light arcade, well in the center. The accuracy of the choice of architectural prototype made it possible to combine samples in the exhibition hall classical art German Middle Ages with works of famous Italian sculptors of the Renaissance.

What are some gods with the heads of animals worth?! It’s quite easy to touch this ancient and mysterious culture in a modern metropolis; we have rooms with the laconic names “The Art of Ancient Egypt” and “Hellenistic and Roman Egypt, Coptic Art”, numbers 1 and 6, respectively. In order to keep your perception fresh, we recommend taking a map of the museum or asking the local attendants for directions; believe me, it’s worth it.

Here, even the room itself is stylized as Ancient Egypt: “reed” columns, paintings on the ceiling, patterned floor. Among the exhibits are originals from 4 thousand BC, such antiquity will take your breath away! In the halls of the museum you can see statues, reliefs, mummies of people and animals, household items, amulets, vessels and jewelry. In addition to figurines and sarcophagi, an impressive model of a funeral boat and a cosmetic spoon in the form of a swimming girl, and of course papyri (for example, an excerpt from the “Book of the Dead”). On the more “modern” side are magnificent Coptic fabrics and masks, all of the finest workmanship and worthy of admiration. Meanwhile, imbued with exoticism, we continue our walk!

The Museum of Fine Arts was conceived as a guide to the study of history, so the transition from hall to hall was like a transition to a more late era. And the first hall on this path was the Egyptian Hall of the Museum. Hall number one. The rest were to follow him in a “strict system, in order of historical sequence” (from the note of I.V. Tsvetaev “University Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow”)

The Egyptian Hall of the Museum was and is now located on the first floor to the left of the vertibulum and communicates with one of the entrances to the museum. This wing is, as it were, turned off from the central axis of the Museum: the vestibule, staircase, Central Hall, and is therefore not related to them stylistically.

To attract donors, I.V. Tsvetaev came up with a “bait that would help raise funds for the construction of the Museum.” The Regulations on the Committee stated that persons who allocated money for the construction of a particular hall “received the right to apply for the assignment of any name to this hall.” The Egyptian Hall is located on special situation. At a meeting of the Committee for the Organization of the Museum on March 16, 1899, Yu.S. Nechaev-Maltsov was honored on the occasion of his 65th birthday. At this meeting, the Committee decided to name the Egyptian Hall of the Museum, built on general funds Committee. However, already in a letter dated November 5, 1898, Tsvetaev writes to Nechaev-Maltsov: “Before we thought about the Doric character of the decoration of the lobby, but now we are thinking about the Egyptian: let it open the history of art and lead to your hall.” Perhaps this was facilitated by the fact that it was Nechaev-Maltsov’s sending from Cairo that was the first contribution made to Egyptian collection museum.

Finishing Egyptian hall R. Klein and Nivinsky were engaged, but Ivan Vladimirovich could not leave a single corner of his museum unattended.

“How nice it would be to imitate an ancient Egyptian pylon at the entrance to... the hall, laying it out of brick or even decorative painting. Just as pylons served as facades of Egyptian temples, so this painted or plaster pylon would lead into the first hall of the Museum. What a joy it would be to decorate this hall has a couple of Egyptian columns different types"- he wrote to Nechaev-Maltsov.

And in 1909 he writes to R.I. Klein: “Egyptologist Golenishchev pointed out to me the just published English edition one grave with a ceiling in colors from Kites, personifying the sun. It will be effective and true. We will plant them on beams, and between them we will dot the areas only with stars, signs of the zodiac, but not with paintings of an everyday nature, which do not go to the ceiling (the “sky”).”

with papyrus columns, with kites on the ceiling...

and with a unique collection in the cabinets

Before the creation of the Museum, Tsvetaev had not been to Egypt. For the first time, this thought probably came to him while looking at the papyri that Yu.S. Nechaev-Maltsev sent from Cairo. But already in December 1908, Tsvetaev wrote: “Before I die, I want to visit the country of the pyramids.” Just at this time he was sent an invitation to the II International Archaeological Congress in Cairo. He rejoices like a child. He writes humorous letters to N.I. Romanov in Athens: “... all of Egypt, they say, fell into mourning when the news spread across it that I had not arrived at the congress. But the very next day they almost broke down the congress building when the population of Cairo learned about my appearance under the Egyptian sky.” and also “Mospero, in order to calm the Arab crowds and satisfy the curiosity of delegates around the world, scheduled my conference for a quarter of an hour after my arrival.” Tsvetaev is happy with such attention and modestly describes his rhetorical successes: “Demosthenes’s techniques of delivering a speech accompanied by splashing came in handy here.” sea ​​waves, which I indulged in at my leisure in the cabin of the ship, sitting on the bunk by the hatch. I thus adapted the speech to my clumsy, Vladimir seminarian lingua - and the whole thing was such a triumph that the windows almost burst and the ceiling of the hall collapsed from the applause.”

The hall was ready by December 1911, and Tsvetaev wrote a letter to Professor B.A. Turaev: “I respectfully ask you, if you find it possible, to take over the duties of the head Egyptian hall January 2 next year." B.A. Turaev agrees and soon Tsvetaev receives a letter from M.V. Nikolsky: “I am heartily glad that you managed to attract my deeply respected friend, Prof. B.A. Turaev, to the Museum to manage the collection of V.S. Golenishchev. This is truly happiness sent by fate.”

Of course, we will not cover everything at once, standing in the middle of the Egyptian Hall of the Museum. We need to return to museums; they don’t like fuss, but they respond to attention and patience. Therefore, we will learn about V.S. Golenishchev and his collection, about B.A. Turaev, and about much more when we return to the most mysterious hall of the Museum of Fine Arts.

I invite you to an educational walk for children and adults through the halls of Ancient Egypt. During the excursion, the children will get acquainted with Egyptian art and unravel the secrets of the mysterious ancient civilization: they will find out who invented the mummy, why the pyramids were built, what the fancy hieroglyphs mean and what function the priests performed. And at the end the participants are waiting creative task, which will allow game form consolidate the material and better remember new interesting facts!

What awaits you

Immersion in the culture of Ancient Egypt

In the halls of the museum, children will get acquainted with one of the world's best collections of objects of ancient Egyptian civilization. Will consider ancient mummy and sarcophagi, a real sphinx, a sculptural portrait of a pharaoh, Egyptian papyri and reliefs covered with hieroglyphs, as well as masterpieces of the collection - a paired sculpture of the priests Amenhotep and Rannai and a cosmetic spoon from Ivory, in which paints and incense were stored. Each item in the collection will tell children about the art of Ancient Egypt, religious cults and Everyday life Egyptians, their way of life and writing.

Mysteries of Egyptian civilization

The Egyptians left us many mysteries and symbols that you will have to unravel during the tour! You will learn how and why the Egyptians made mummies, why the pyramids were built, what is special Egyptian hieroglyphs, who are the sphinxes and why do the Egyptian gods have animal heads. And at the end of the excursion, to reinforce the material, children will receive a “papyrus” with empty windows, which will be filled with stickers with images of Egyptian masterpieces, and will answer the question why the Egyptians created these works of art.

Who is the excursion suitable for?

The excursion is designed for children 10-12 years old; the program can also be adapted for an adult audience.

Organizational details

• Depending on the composition of the group participants (children or adults), the cost of the program may vary.
• Tickets for schoolchildren in the museum are purchased separately. Tickets are free, but must be obtained from the box office
• Adults accompanying children purchase entry tickets at the museum ticket office. The cost of a full ticket is 300 rubles. To receive the benefit you must present a document.
• The day of the excursion must be agreed upon at least 7 days before the required date.