Within the walls of the Goritsky Monastery. Exposition of the Pereslavl Museum-Reserve. Pereslavl-Zalessky State Historical, Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve Historical and Cultural Center "Russian Park"

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The history of the reserve begins in 1919. By this time, the monastery had been abandoned for a century and a half and was gradually being destroyed. So the Bolsheviks saved his buildings to some extent. I was also lucky with the director. Mikhail Ivanovich Smirnov, a local historian, the son of a local priest, was put in charge. He looked for the first exhibits for the museum in the deserted noble estates.

Once Smirnov went to the village of Gagarinskaya Novosyolka. There, in a small outbuilding of the former estate house, three women lived - Princess Natalya Gagarina and her daughters. The labor commune "Hammer" settled in the house itself. When Smirnov came in, he saw how the Red Guards were cutting herring right on the table. And the table was not easy - it was made of 600 knots of Karelian birch, selected in size and glued together. The Red Guards did not resist and gave the table to Smirnov, which is still kept in the museum.

Another time he came to one of the villages. There was a wide stream, and tombstones served as a bridge across it. Together with the peasants, they were transported to the museum. The slabs show the dates of death, mostly dating back to the first half of the 19th century.

In the Nagorsk Executive Committee, Smirnov found a mammoth bone, which was kept in the archives of the zemstvo chief.

And once the museum staff were almost beaten. They transported weapons to showrooms. All were in working clothes, and the procession was mistaken for a peasant uprising.

This is how the richest collection began, which now has more than 90 thousand exhibits. This is one of the largest museum complexes in Russia, with several branches - the manor "Botik of Peter I", the manor of the Ganshins, the Transfiguration Cathedral of the 12th century.

Here, without exaggeration, treasures are stored. Collections of Russian icons, paintings, wood carved sculptures, rare books ...

However, there was a time when all these spiritual artifacts did not suit the Soviet regime. She demanded ideological artifacts, the director had to somehow get out. For example, the artist Dmitry Kardovsky helped him in this. In 1926, having received a horse and a cart from the Pereslavl regional executive committee, they went to Gorki to make sketches of the manor house. After being there all day, Kardovsky created several sketches. This is how the famous Soviet painting “V. I. Lenin in Gorki, Pereslavl district. " It is still in the museum.

Since 1929, the vector of museum development has been officially changed - from research to political and educational. Directors are also being changed. Instead of Mikhail Smirnov, a worker from the Krasnoe Echo factory, Konstantin Ivanov, was appointed. Two years later, he will report: "We have turned the museum into a real forge of proletarian culture, into a cultural complex." Here are the names of some of the departments of that time: "Nature and Productive Forces", "Socialist Construction", "Anti-Religious Department" (within the walls of an ancient monastery!)

Today everything proletarian has become history and is remembered only with a smile. Some time will pass, and, perhaps, they will also remember with a smile that the museum in our country was once located within the walls of the holy monastery. It is planned that soon the Pereslavl reserve will leave the walls of the Goritsky monastery and monastic life will revive here.

In the meantime, the exhibition halls work as before, all information about expositions and excursions can be found on the official website of the museum-reserve.

Roads of Russia

My attitude to provincial local history museums is complicated. Most often they are poor, enough scarce in exhibits and very similar to each other. Therefore, in the outback lately we walk in them it is extremely rare. Why waste time if one essentially duplicates the other?

Pereslavl Museum-Reserve became a pleasant exception in this regard. A very good museum, interesting. There is something to see and consider here. There are many worthy exhibits, there are also masterpieces, an excellently selected diverse collection of ancient Russian art of the 15th-18th centuries. (icons) and Russian painting.
When I walked through the halls of the museum, I already knew that I would definitely write about it.
First, I really want to show you everything that I saw. Show in detail, because there is such an opportunity. Here it is allowed to take pictures in all halls.
Secondly, I would like to invite you to visit here in person. The Pereslavl Museum-Reserve is located on the territory of the former Goritsky Monastery. There is a special atmosphere here, and everything is perceived differently.

Do you agree that museums located on the territory of monasteries, kremlins and other historical sites are special? I read that by 2018 the monastery will be transferred to the church. Recently I heard the same news about the Ryazan Kremlin. I have a complicated attitude towards this. On the one hand, the temple in which the museum is located causes inner pain. Especially when it is in a deplorable state. Unfortunately, this is the case in the Pereslavl Museum-Reserve. On the other hand, I like that I can just buy a ticket and watch the ancient architecture in peace. There are enough monasteries in Pereslavl-Zalessky as it is, some of them are expelled from those who came without a skirt, in a very rude manner. One gets the impression that history (and monasteries are our history) is only for the elite.

However, I deviated from the topic. Now you can come to Goritsky monastery, within the walls of which the museum is located, with a calm heart. Buy your tickets and go as long as you want. If you have any questions, please contact the caretakers. Rarely have I seen in any museum more pleasant, open, hospitable caretakers than in the Pereslavl Museum-Reserve (well, if only in the Museum-Reserve in Yuryev-Polsky, which, like this one, is in distress on the territory). The caretakers are the face of the museum. They also play a role in the resulting experience of the museum.

So, the Pereslavl Museum-Reserve is located in the former Dormition Goritsky Monastery. I talked in detail about its history and architecture in the article. Therefore, today I will show you museum expositions and exhibitions. They are located in several buildings of the monastery: the Refectory Chamber and the building of the Theological School, All Saints Church and St. Nicholas Gate Church. We visited them all. I present to you my photos.

The first place we went to was a museum located in the Refectory and in the building of the Theological School. Here they are in the photo below.

The buildings are beautiful, but their condition is poor.

The museum is almost 100 years old. Feels like the sign on the museum is not much younger.

Icon painting of the 15th - 18th centuries

All the icons of the museum were collected in the first years of Soviet power from destroyed churches and monasteries. These are unique specimens of Pereslavl icon painting. Pereslavl-Zalessky was one of the centers of icon painting, which was part of the Rostov-Suzdal school.

The icons in the photo below are from the Fedorov Monastery in Pereslavl-Zalessky. The icons are very old - the 16th century, unique. "Odigitria", "Trinity", "Fyodor Stratilat", "Nikola".

On the left wall is the first icon of the Apostles Peter and Paul (15th century). On the wall to the right - "John Chrysostom", "Rejoices in You", "Odigitria" (16th century).

The Royal Gates of the not preserved Vvedensky Church, which stood at the mouth of the Trubezh River opposite the Temple of the Forty Martyrs. This is a real masterpiece of openwork wood carving.

Russian painting of the 18th - 20th centuries

The next exhibition - paintings from the 18th - 19th - also leaves a very pleasant impression. The museum was replenished with these canvases in the first years of Soviet power, when the old noble estates were "freed" from everything valuable. The collection of the museum is of great artistic and historical value. There are paintings by Shishkin, Polenov, Korovin, Makovsky, Benois, Semiradsky, Dubovsky and others. The collection of the merchant Sveshnikov laid the foundation for this exposition.

These paintings (1844) depict the children of the same family - the Temerins - Nikolai, Alexandra, Peter. Author - Pavel Kolendas.

There are also paintings by unknown artists.

Henryk Semiradsky "A Dangerous Lesson".

Konstantin Makovsky "Children".

Memorial exposition of F. I. Shalyapin

In the forests of Pereslavl, the great singer Fyodor Chaliapin built himself a dacha, so he was captivated by the beauty of the local nature. The museum has a small exposition dedicated to Chaliapin. All items are genuine, provided to the museum by the singer's daughter.

Several more expositions.

Wooden sculpture and carving of the 16th - 19th centuries.

Christ is in prison.

Folk art

Exhibition "Pereslavl. One Hundred Years Ago"

I really liked the exposition dedicated to the history of Pereslavl and its inhabitants.

Edge of War

Funeral notice.

Before leaving this museum building, I took this picture. It will come in handy.

Exhibition "A wreath for estates: the first acquisitions of the Pereslavl Museum"

Pictures from the Samsonov estate in Bektyshevo, Pereslavl district.

Winter is trying to catch hold of the autumn ground with a light snowball. And winter pictures are already in front of your eyes. Remembered for now. We laid it out together with oumnique , but some of the beautiful points remained unpublished.
For example, the local history museum in the Goritsky monastery. I remember the exhibition of items from the surrounding noble estates.

This is not a novelty recreation of the setting, as is sometimes practiced in museums, these are the most authentic things.

What a double gothic armchair! Just like the double throne of Tsars Ivan and Peter.

The site of the museum-reserve informs: The exposition contains art values and household items from the destroyed noble estates of the Pereslavl district, part of what was saved by M.I.Smirnov and V.E. Elkhovsky from plundering and destruction in the 1920s. It is a pity that there is no information - from which particular estates the items were collected.

Memorial exposition of F.I.Shalyapin, who was in the vicinity of Pereslavl at the lacha with the artist Korovin and visiting Poluboyarinov, and then he himself bought a dacha in Rakhutino, from where some things were transported to the museum.

Chaliapin played loto with friends

Also in the museum are samples of folk crafts.

In the art museum there are paintings by Shalyapin's friend Konstantin Korovin.

S.Yu. Zhukovsky

And this is a local genre scene - a market in Pereslavl-Zalessky

As a child, I remember about the same apron kept by my grandmother.

The sled season begins!

The Museum of Local Lore and Art is located in the building of the theological school and the refectory chamber of the Goritsky Monastery.

The Dormition Goritsky Monastery was founded in the XIV century, presumably during the time of Ivan Kalita. In 1382 it was ravaged by Tokhtamysh, then restored at the expense of the Grand Duchess Evdokia, wife of Dmitry Donskoy. In 1744, in connection with the formation of the Pereslavl Diocese, the Goritsky Assumption Monastery was to become a cathedral and underwent a major restructuring. However, in 1788 the Pereslavl diocese was abolished, material and financial resources were taken to St. Petersburg, city institutions were located in the buildings (court, treasury, magistrate,), the Assumption Cathedral became a city parish church. In 1881, the territory of the monastery was revived, a theological school was opened here. In 1919 a local history museum was opened.

On the left is a white temple - the Church of All Saints, built in 1670-1700. On the right is the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, 1750-60.

To the right is the Epiphany Church with a bell tower from 1760-70.

Monument to Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, founder of Pereslavl-Zalessky sculptor S.M. Orlova

Chapel of St. George the Victorious from the village of Foninskoye, 19th century.

There is an observation deck on the old belfry, where wonderful views of Pereslavl-Zalessky open.

In a small Russian town, where only 40 thousand inhabitants live, more than a dozen museums have been opened. This fact surprises all of his guests. The oldest museum "The Boat of Peter I" was created in 1803, and the youngest museum collection was opened in 2014. To prevent the guests from getting lost, at the entrance to the city from the side of the capital, a traffic indicator was specially installed for all the museums of Pereslavl-Zalessky.

Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve

Museum entrance

So far, this is the youngest museum complex of Pereslavl-Zalessky, which received its first guests in the summer of 2014. Russian Park occupies a large area of 10 hectares, where there are street exhibitions, six unique museums, a horse yard, interactive playgrounds and the Ryapushka tavern.

The open-air exposition consists of several alleys and exhibitions. Here you can see samples of Russian fonts and Russian flags used since the 9th century. Interesting outdoor expositions were the exhibition of carved window frames, street posters and the Polyana, where the figures of the heroes of Russian folk tales "live". On the territory of the park it is also interesting to take part in master classes on making souvenirs, toys and dolls, decoupage, dough and clay modeling, conducted by professional artisans, etc.

Working hours

The territory of the park is open daily from 10.00 to 19.00. The museums are open on Wednesday, Thursday and Sunday from 10.00 to 18.00, on Friday and Saturday from 10.00 to 19.00. The days off are Monday and Tuesday.

Address

Pereslavl-Zalessky, st. Moscow, 158.

Museum "Ryapushka's Kingdom"

One of the new museums in Pereslavl is dedicated to the famous vendace, which is found in Lake Pleshcheyevo. Many legends are associated with this unique fish, and its image is adorned with the coat of arms of the ancient city. During the excursion, tourists are told why vendace is called "royal herring", how in the old days they caught fish, salted and harvested it. The guides introduce guests to interesting facts about the legendary Pleshcheyevo Lake and offer to taste vendace. If desired, tourists can take part in a master class on painting a gingerbread.

(Pereslavl-Zalessky).

Summer 1918 - collection of collections begins.

Museum in the 1950s

Museum staff organized traveling exhibitions in clubs and libraries of collective farms in Pereslavl region. Exhibitions told about the past of the Pereslavl region, showed samples of Soviet art. In the lobby of the museum there was an exhibition “Exhibits recently received by the museum”.

A museum-local lore council was constantly working at the museum, which included not only museum workers, but also ordinary local historians. Teacher A.V. Valedinsky, land surveyor N.A.Likharev, accountant D.P. Peremilovsky (collective farm named after Kalinin), bibliographer Vasiliev worked here.

The Pereslavl Museum has issued a series of photographic postcards showing architectural, historical, historical and revolutionary ancient monuments and picturesque corners of Pereslavl nature.

At the very beginning of the decade, the museum staff laid an apple orchard. Many varieties of apple trees grew here - anise, aport, antonovka, pear. There were also pears and plums, gooseberries and currants. In 1954 the museum collected 5 tons of apples and 520 kg of plums. In the museum nursery, seedlings of frost-resistant apple and pear trees were grown.

In 1950, a new hall of the museum was opened, dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. Here were placed portraits of the commander-in-chief Stalin, generals Budyonny, Vasilevsky, Konev, Tolbukhin, Meretskov and others. In 36 films, episodes of military and rear life were shown. In the windows were the personal belongings of Heroes of the Soviet Union V.A.Kotyunin, N.I. On a special stand were the portraits of Pereslavl Heroes of the Soviet Union Nikolaev, Kotyunin, Churochkin and Pyryaev, generals P.N. Naidyshev and M.I.

In the same 1951, the Pereslavl Museum received a generous gift from Olga Ludvigovna Della-Vos-Kardovskaya: 50 paintings by her and her husband Dmitry Nikolaevich Kardovsky. Together with the works of his Kardov students, the paintings made up a special section of Soviet fine art in the picture gallery of the Pereslavl Museum.

In 1952, the museum staff arranged a historical exhibition in the Dzerzhinsky club. There were shown photographs, painted views of historical monuments and books telling about the past of the city of Pereslavl.

In March 1954, the exhibition "Livestock of the Pereslavl Region" was opened. There were shown practical methods of work of the best milkmaids of the collective farm "Borba" - Tatyana Efimovna Morozova and Vera Alekseevna Okuneva. The successes of the Novoselye state farm are shown by the example of milkmaids PS Pobalkova, KF Evstigneeva and AF Bednyukova. Photos of the most productive cows are on display. At the Fodder Base stand, a machine for the production of peat pots was shown, such as pots, a mechanical corn planter. A special topic was the work of the Yaroslavl horse breeding nursery with the center of Pereslavl, which raised horses of the "Soviet heavy draft" breed. The experience of sheep breeders was illustrated with a modern shearing apparatus.

In 1956, the Pereslavl House of Creativity of the Art Fund of the USSR was opened, in the early years it was designed for painters. A thematic stream of paintings that conveyed Pereslavl views appeared. Therefore, since 1957, the Pereslavl-Zalessky Museum has established close cooperation with this House of Creativity, and the thematic section "Pereslavl-Zalessky in the Works of Soviet Artists" has appeared in the museum halls. More than 150 works by 70 artists and sculptors were shown in two halls.

In 1957 Valeria Dmitrievna Prishvina presented the museum with the personal belongings of the writer Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin. The museum funds received a jacket, a homespun robe, wooden boot blocks and three long-playing gramophone records with recordings of M. M. Prishvin's stories performed by the author.

In 1957, the nature department of the Pereslavl Territory was transferred from the first floor of the annex (that is, from the building of the theological school) to another room, and the halls of the first floor were given to an art gallery. The re-exposure of the art gallery began. The staff of the Russian Museum, art critic I. Ya. Boguslavskaya and restorer NN Pomerantsev, took part in the construction of the new art exposition.

In the same year, the nature department was reopened. It showed the geological history of Lake Pleshcheyevo, its inhabitants - herons, ducks, seagulls, 16 fish species. Two halls told about the forest and its inhabitants with the help of dioramas and biological groups, where animals and birds performed scenes in a natural setting. Part of the huge collection of beetles from Pereslavl S. Gemmelman, herbarium of medicinal plants from local forests and fields, collected by the doctor G.A.Kartashevsky, is on display. However, in the new halls, the area of the department of nature has been halved. The exposition of N.V. Kuznetsov was dismantled. Now the exposition of the department promoted the active change of nature, showed Michurin varieties offered for Pereslavl gardeners, and talked about the agronomic technologies of Academician Lysenko.

In 1959 the museum celebrated its 40th anniversary. By this year, the museum occupied 45 exhibition halls with a total area of 2 thousand square meters. There were four departments: an art gallery, a nature department, a regional history department and a history department of the Soviet period.

In February 1959 the Pereslavl Museum of Local Lore was reorganized into a History and Art Museum. Now he could present not only the history of Pereslavl, but also a wider range of art works from his collection. The museum began to receive pictures from the republican art funds. The Central Artistic and Restoration Workshop undertook the restoration of art treasures from the museum storage.

The staff of the reorganized museum expanded the art exposition. On January 27, 1959, the new halls of the art gallery were opened for viewing.

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