Home first aid kit. Ingredients in your home first aid kit

Home first aid kit first aid- a set of funds intended for the provision of the first medical care at home.

• Medicines for oral administration.
• Medicines for external use.
• Dressings, means of stopping bleeding, etc.

• Analgin- in tablets of 0.5 gr. (10 tablets per package) - used for pain of various origins (headache, neuralgia, radiculitis, myositis), prescribed 1 tablet 2-3 times a day; children are prescribed 0.025 - 0.25 gr. analgin depending on age.
• Aspirin- in tablets of 0.25 and 0.5 g each (10 tablets per pack) - used as an analgesic, 0.25 and 0.5 g 3-4 times a day; children - depending on age, appoint from 0.1 to 0.3 g. appointment; aspirin is taken after meals.
• Aeron- in tablets (10 tablets per pack) - used for the prevention and treatment of sea and air sickness (sickness): for prevention, 30-60 minutes before departure, take 1-2 tablets, then after 6 hours - one more tablet; if aeron was not taken prophylactically, then at the first signs of the disease take 1-2 tablets, then 1 tablet 2 times a day; the highest single dose - 2 tablets, daily - 4 tablets.
• Validol- in tablets of 0.06 gr. (10 tablets per pack), in capsules of 0.05 and 0.1 gr. (20 capsules per pack) - used for mild angina attacks, neurosis, hysteria and as an antiemetic sea ​​and air sickness: a capsule or tablet of validol is placed under the tongue and kept until completely resorbed.
• Valocordin (Corvalol)- liquid combined preparation in vials (valocordin - 20 ml each, Corvalol 25 ml each) - is used as a sedative for pain in the heart area, palpitations, intestinal spasms, when excited; appoint 15-30 drops 2-3 times a day before meals, with palpitations and vasospasm, a single dose increases to 40-50 drops.
• Nitroglycerine- in tablets of 0.0005 g (40 tablets per pack) or in capsules of 0.0005 g. (20 capsules per pack) - used for angina attacks (pain in the heart); a tablet or capsule of nitroglycerin is placed under the tongue and kept there until completely absorbed - to speed up the effect, the capsule can be crushed with your teeth.
• Bicarbonate soda powder- it is used for rinsing and washing in 0.5-2% aqueous solutions for diseases of the eyes, oropharynx, as well as for washing the mucous membranes and skin when acids get on them; with heartburn, soda is taken orally at 0.5-1 g. soda several times a day (children are prescribed 0.1-0.75 grams per reception - depending on age).
• Suprastin- in tablets of 0.025 gr. (20 tablets per pack) - used for allergies, 1 tablet 2-3 times a day.
• activated carbon- in tablets of 0.025 gr. and 0.5 gr. (10 tablets per pack) - used for food poisoning in the amount of 4-6 pcs. (1-1.5 gr.); having previously crushed, the tablets are washed down with 0.5 cups of water, the intake of activated charcoal is repeated 2-4 times a day; with abundant gas formation in the intestine, take 1-2-3 tablets of activated charcoal 3-4 times a day orally.

• mustard plasters- used for angina pectoris: for this, 2-3 mustard plasters are placed on the chest in the region of the heart; in hypertensive crises, mustard plasters are placed on the back of the head and calf muscles; mustard plasters hold for 8-10 minutes.
• Iodine alcohol solution 5% (or 1-2% alcohol solution of brilliant green)- used for treatment to disinfect small wounds or skin edges of large wounds.
• Bactericidal adhesive plaster- It is used to protect small wounds from microbes and dirt getting into them.
• Adhesive plaster (tape)- used to fix large and flat bandages (on the chest, abdomen, back, etc.).
• Ammonia 10% in bottles of 10.0 - 40.0 - 100.0 ml. or in ampoules of 1.0 ml.- used to remove the patient from fainting: for this, a cotton swab moistened with ammonia is brought to the victim's nose for 0.5 - 1 second; for insect bites, lotions with ammonia are placed on the site of the bite.
• Hydrogen peroxide solution 3%- used to wash wounds and stop bleeding from small wounds, abrasions, scratches.
• Potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate)- crystalline powder at a weak water dilution of 0.1-0.5% is used for washing wounds, and at a dilution of 2-5% - for lubricating burn surfaces; for gastric lavage in case of poisoning from ingestion of morphine, aconitine, phosphorus, a 0.02-0.1% aqueous solution is used.
• Sulfacyl sodium in the form of a 30% solution in 1.5 ml dropper tubes- used for infections, eye injuries and foreign bodies getting into it; 1-2-3 drops of medicine are instilled into the eye.

• Bandage sterile narrow and wide- used for dressings.
• Bandage non-sterile- used to fix bandages for fractures and dislocations of limbs, for compresses.
• Cotton wool hygroscopic non-sterile- used for compresses, for fixing dressings as a cushioning material, for lotions.
• Dressing packages individual different- used for dressing wounds.
• Sterile gauze wipes- used to treat wounds and dressings.
• Rubber hemostatic tourniquet- used to stop arterial bleeding.
• Waxed paper- used for compresses.
• Rubber heating pad- used for local heating of body parts.
• Rubber fingertips- are used to protect dressings and healing abrasions from dirt microbes.
• Scissors- used for dressings, for cutting clothes in case of injury.
• Tweezers (no teeth)- used to remove foreign bodies from the skin and other manipulations.
• eye pipette- for drip administration of liquid medicines.
• Rubber ice pack- to create local cooling of a body area in case of injuries, diseases.

Home first aid kit storage of medicines at home

Every family usually has a first aid kit. It contains a certain set of drugs left over from previous treatment or prescribed again. The set of medicines is thus very individual in each case.

We would like to give advice on keeping such a first aid kit in the house, which would always be ready and its composition would be sufficient to provide an elementary first aid in case of accidents and the most frequent health disorders. This first aid kit can be recommended for young, mature and elderly people. Medicines are presented in table 1.

Table 1 Composition and use of a home first aid kit

Name and form of release of medicines

Iodine, 10% alcohol solution

Zelenka (brilliant green), 1-2% aqueous or alcoholic solution

For disinfection of wound edges, skin and mucous membranes. Attention! Allergy is possible. For the treatment of burns and purulent infections. Used to lubricate the skin and mucous membranes

"Karganate" (potassium permanganate), powder

For gargling and douching - 0.01-0.1% solution. For washing wounds - 0.1-0.5% solution. For lubrication of ulcerative and burn surfaces - 2-5% solution. For gastric lavage in case of poisoning - 0.02-0.1% solution

Hydrogen peroxide, 3% Hydroperit solution, tab. 1.5 g each

For rinsing the mouth and throat, for douching - 1 tablespoon per glass of water or 1 tablet of hydroperit per? glass of water. To stop bleeding (nose)

Furacilin, tab. 0.02 g solutions, ointment 0.2%. For the treatment of purulent wounds, bedsores and burns, for gargling. To do this, a tablet of furacilin is dissolved in "/2 cups of boiled water (preferably hot). In eye practice, you can use ointment.

Boric acid, powder. For rinsing the mouth, pharynx, for washing the eyes - 2-4% aqueous solution (except for children's practice)

Zinc ointment 10%, 25% or Butadion or indomethacin ointment. For skin diseases as an antiseptic, astringent and drying agent. With inflammation and pain in the joints, with thrombophlebitis

Activated carbon (carbolene), tab. 0.5 and 0.25 g each. In case of poisoning for first aid - 20-30 g each in the form of an aqueous suspension. With flatulence and increased acidity of gastric juice - 1-2 g 3-4 times a day

Magnesium or sodium sulfate, powder. In case of poisoning as a fast-acting laxative - 15-20 g in 1/2 glass of cool water and drink 1 glass of water

Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), powder. For poisoning and heartburn

Validol, nitroglycerin, tab. , solution. Used for pain in the heart. For angina - 1 tablet or 2 drops under the tongue.

Corvalol, valocordin, tincture of valerian, motherwort, Zelenin drops. To help with pain in the heart. As a sedative in the treatment of neurasthenia and neurosis and to facilitate falling asleep. Take orally 10-20 drops in 1/4 cup of water 20-30 minutes before meals 2-3 times a day (or before bedtime)

Adonizide, cardiovalen, tincture of lily of the valley. Means that improve heart function and have a calming effect. Take 15-20 drops in 1/2 glass of water 20-30 minutes before meals 2-3 times a day

Ammonia (ammonia solution), in ampoules. Used for loss of consciousness (with fainting). A few drops on a swab of cotton wool or gauze, briefly bringing it to the nose several times

Cordiamin, valocormide. Used to increase blood pressure and stimulate breathing. 10-20 drops in "/4 glasses of water 20-30 minutes before meals 2-3 times a day

Dibazol, nikeverin, papazol, raunatin. Drugs to lower blood pressure.

Papaverine with theobromine, no-shpa, eufillin, oxaphenamide. Remedies for helping with renal and hepatic colic. Attention! The cause of the pain must be known exactly.

Analgin, baralgin, paracetamol (panadol), aspirin, Golden Star balm. The drugs are used for headaches, elevated body temperature and as anti-inflammatory drugs. Attention! Drugs should be taken only in severe cases until the arrival of a doctor.

Almagel, gelusillac, vikalin, vikair. Drugs to help with gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and small intestine.

magnesium oxide. For heartburn, carbonate (baking soda).

Besalol, tansal, imodium. With diarrhea of ​​a non-infectious nature

Pavestezin, bellastezin, bellalgin. For pain in the stomach and intestines. The cause of the pain must be precisely known.

Abomin, acidin-pepsin, panzinorm. In case of indigestion, write (indigestion)

Senade, Kafiol, Ramnil, Isafenine, Bisacodyl. With habitual (atonic) constipation

Naphthyzin, galazolin, sanorin, ointments with menthol (bormentol). With acute rhinitis and nosebleeds (drops in the nose)

Interferon, oxolinic ointment. For the prevention and treatment of viral infections (flu and herpes)

Cameton, ingalipt, pharyngosept, falimint, strepsils, calendula tincture. For the treatment of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and pharynx (pharyngitis, laryngitis)

Cough tablets, stoptussin, tusuprex, glaucine hydrochloride. When coughing.

Mukaltin, pectussin, ammonia-anise drops, breast preparations No. 1, 2, Expectorants

Mustard plasters, pepper plaster, ointments with bee and snake venom (apizartron, viprosal), menovazine, Efkamon ointment

For the treatment of inflammatory diseases internal organs, joints and muscles as skin irritants and distractions

The list of listed drugs, of course, is not mandatory for all people. From it it is worth choosing only those funds that are necessary for a particular patient. And from each group of drugs, it is enough to have only one.

In addition to medicines, we recommend "equipping" a first-aid kit with dressings: cotton wool, bandages, plasters (regular and bactericidal), as well as BF-6 glue. A thermometer, an eye dropper, a measuring cup, syringes, a heating pad with rubber tubes and tips for douching and enemas, a hemostatic tourniquet, bedding oilcloth and a portable inhaler will turn out to be necessary in a person’s life. Patients with hypertension are advised to have a tonometer and a phonendoscope in their first-aid kit for control measurement of blood pressure.

During storage, drugs can decompose (under the influence of sunlight, moisture, heat, and other factors) with the formation of inactive, and in some cases, toxic products. Therefore, it is very important to comply with the established rules and terms of storage of drugs.

All medicines, both factory-made and pharmacy-made, have a label. The label of factory-made drugs usually indicates the expiration date of the drug, for example: "Best before ... (month and day)". On the labels of medicines manufactured in a pharmacy according to a doctor's prescription, in addition to the name of the drug, the date of manufacture, method of administration, various warning labels, in particular storage conditions, for example: "Keep in a cool, dark place" are indicated. This means that this drug should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 12-15 ° C, preferably in the refrigerator. Medicines labeled with warnings such as "Poison", "Handle with care", "Keep away from fire", "Keep away from children", etc., must be stored under special conditions. Most pharmaceutical dosage forms are designed for short periods of storage and use. Therefore, medicines ordered from a pharmacy should be used within the next few days after manufacture.

Water infusions, decoctions and potions from medicinal plants (marshmallow, adonis, thermopsis, bearberry, etc.) spoil the fastest during storage. At room temperature, these dosage forms can not be stored for more than 2-3 days, and in the refrigerator - no more than 5-6 days. The first sign of the unsuitability of infusions and decoctions is their turbidity or the appearance of mold. Very unstable dosage forms with penicillin (solutions, ointments), as well as eye drops which can only be used for 7-10 days.

It must be remembered that the guarantee of their quality also depends on compliance with the rules for storing medicines.

At least every six months, it is necessary to inspect the medicines stored in the first-aid kit. Medications without labels, labels that are unclear (when they are difficult to read), have changed appearance(cloudy, blurred, stained), as well as drugs that have expired, must be thrown away to eliminate the possibility of fatal errors. Medicines should be stored out of the reach of children, preferably in closed cabinets. Medicines should be arranged so that on one shelf there are internal means, on the other - external. Poisonous products must be separated from all others. It is advisable to store medicines for children separately.

Improper storage and careless handling of drugs can lead to serious consequences and accidents!

Home medical kit

Everyone needs to know about the basic medicines that should be in every home medicine cabinet. It is unacceptable to treat this issue with frivolity and rely on the fact that if something happens, pah-pah-pah, everything will resolve itself. Everything for which the first aid kit is intended is a matter of life, and can happen to anyone at any time (cuts, injuries, abrasions, indigestion, colds, etc.)

So, let's start building a home first aid kit.

D first you need to find place to store it . It is desirable that this place be easily accessible for an adult. It is especially important to keep medicines out of reach if they are potent drugs. For example, patients with hypertension use very potent drugs to stop crises. Two or three tablets of any of them can quite poison even an adult and even lead to death.

Therefore, it is advisable to keep a first-aid kit, for example, in a room, but on the mezzanine, in the upper drawers of a kitchen set, on the upper shelves of cabinets.

How to store medicines . It is advisable to choose a box in which you can conveniently arrange all the medicines and they are not mixed up. You can buy a standard set at a pharmacy. Such kits are designed by specialists and are very convenient - they are compact and at the same time all medicines are visible and at hand.

You can allocate several boxes for a home first aid kit different sizes. For example, in a small one, store tablets in soft packaging, in a medium one - medicines in ampoules, in vials, plastic packages, vials, etc. And in the largest - syringes and dressings.

Vials and tubes must be tightly closed.

If you store herbs at home, they should be kept separate from other medicines.

H it should be in the first aid kit

In the home first aid kit, first of all, there should be those medicines that can be used in cases of first aid, that is, before you go to the doctor.

1. Dressings

Medication

Purpose

Bandage sterile narrow and wide in sterile packaging (for longer storage)

for dressings

Bandage non-sterile

1) for fixing dressings for fractures and dislocations of limbs,
2) for compresses

Cotton wool hygroscopic non-sterile

1) for compresses, for fixing dressings as a cushioning material;
2) for lotions

Individual dressing packages

for the treatment of wounds and dressings

Sterile gauze wipes

Rubber hemostatic tourniquet

to stop arterial bleeding

2. Materials for treating wounds, burns, stopping bleeding.

Medicines

Purpose

A solution of brilliant green (colloquially "brilliant green")

for disinfection of wounds, treatment of papules (vesicles)

Iodine

1) for the treatment of minor wounds and scratches;
2) with iodine, you can draw "mesh" on the site of seals after injections or with sciatica *For large and deep wounds, only the edges need to be treated with iodine so as not to irritate the already damaged tissue.

Clay BF

for small scratches

Medical plaster

for fixing bandages

Plaster bactericidal

for use in abrasions, cuts and other minor skin lesions

Potassium permanganate ("potassium permanganate")

multifunctional ** A weak solution can wash the stomach if food poisoning is suspected. Wash heavily contaminated wounds. Wash the genitals of boys with various balantidioses.

Furacillin

antimicrobial wound treatment

Hydrogen peroxide or hydroperite

local antimicrobial and hemostatic

Ethanol

40% - compresses, 75% - antimicrobial, 95% - tanning.

Sage

anti-inflammatory; for rinsing and inhalation.

Eucalyptus oil

inhalation agent for tracheitis and bronchitis

Spirit of camphor

for local rubbing

Troxevasin, rescue or arnica

from bruises

pharmaceutical camomile

mild astringent and anti-inflammatory externally and internally

Panthenol

burn remedies

vaseline oil

for lubricating the tips of syringes and enemas, softening keratinized skin

Ammonia solution 10%

resource emergency care to stimulate breathing and bring out of unconsciousness: a small piece of cotton wool moistened with ammonia solution is gently brought to the nose for 0.5-1 second

Camphor alcohol and salicylic alcohol

for rubbing and compresses

3. Medicines for oral administration

Medication

Purpose

Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

to reduce fever, relieve headaches; take with heat, fever, the onset of a cold and for the prevention of hypothermia

Paracetamol

to reduce elevated temperature; it is preferable to aspirin, especially for children and people with a sick stomach, since aspirin irritates the gastric mucosa; weak anti-inflammatory agent.

Heart remedies: validol, nitroglycerin, valocardin or corvalol

with pain in the heart; dilate the blood vessels of the heart

Analgin or ibuprofen

painkiller

No-shpa or papaverine tablets

to relieve spastic pain in the intestines (when the stomach "grabs" sharply) with gastritis, cholecystitis and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract; sometimes helps with toothache.

Mezim, festal

with gastric disorders; with heaviness in the stomach when overeating

imodium, phthalazole

from diarrhea (diarrhea); keep in mind that ftalazol is a fairly strong antibiotic, and besides, there may be an allergy to it.

Castor oil, Senadexin, Tisasen, Regulax

laxatives

Ftalazol, bird cherry fruits, blueberry fruits

reinforcing

Peppermint tincture

antiemetic

Almagel, phosphalugel, maalox or rennie

to reduce stomach acid

Diphenhydramine, suprastin

from allergies

Activated carbon

flatulence, food poisoning and food allergies. The advantage of activated charcoal is that it is completely harmless to the body. It is almost impossible to overdose the drug. An adult can take one to six tablets per day as needed.

Naphthyzinum, galazolin, sanorin or nazivin

nasal drops to reduce swelling with a runny nose and make breathing easier

Grippostad, coldrex, solpadein, teraflu, pharmacitron, fervex, IRS 19

combined preparations for the treatment of influenza and colds

Pectusin, bronchicum, pectosol, mukaltin, stoptussin, plantain syrup

expectorants

Geksoral-spray, strepsils, inhalipt

for sore throat

Pulmax baby, doctor MOM

warming ointments

4. Other

Medication

Purpose

Thermometer

for temperature measurement

Pipettes for ear, nose, eyes

for instillation of drops and liquid preparations

Waxed paper

for compresses

Rubber heating pad

–" –

Scissors, tweezers

multifunctional

Syringes from 2 to 10 ml

for injections

measuring cup

for dispensing liquid medicines

Cup with concave edges

eye wash

mustard plasters

local irritant

Compression paper

for cold and hot compresses

Syringe

for douching, as well as for enemas for small children

Make sure that all the boxes and packages in your first aid kit had labels. Medicines without labels and tablets without packaging cannot be used!

Labels are also important for knowing the expiration date of a medicine. Check the expiration date periodically and before use.

Signs of bad medicines.

1. Dragees and tablets should not have cracks, scratches, stains, crumble.

2. Ointments should be easily squeezed out of the tube in a single, non-stratifying, non-spreading “strip”.

3. Liquid medicines should not be used if they have partially evaporated or contain flakes.

Rules for its use.

1) Always keep medicines with boxes and instructions.
2) Before using drugs, do not forget to check the expiration date.

3) Try to familiarize yourself in advance with the features of the use of each of the medicines in the medicine cabinet.

4) Do not self-medicate. If you or someone in your family is sick, call your doctor as soon as possible

A home first aid kit is a set of tools and medicines to eliminate and help a person in case of problems with health and well-being. What should you keep in your first aid kit so that everything you need for an ambulance is at hand? Let's determine the correct composition of the first-aid kit together.

External means in the medicine cabinet

The first aid kit should contain everything that can be useful in a critical situation, for adults and the elderly, as well as for children. The chronic pathology of one of the family members obliges to adapt the composition of the home first aid kit specifically for this person. Therefore, it would be more correct to approach the formation of a family first-aid kit from an individual standpoint, the nature of the most common diseases and the characteristics of each family individually. A “hot” list of medicines and devices should also be kept in the first aid kit, replenishing it with the necessary funds and medicines in a timely manner.

Preparations for external use as part of a home first aid kit are necessary for the treatment of skin diseases, as well as for injuries and injuries of the skin, mucous membranes and eyes. Universal antiseptics for treating wounds and cuts are alcohol solutions of brilliant green and iodine. They have an antiseptic and bactericidal effect on abrasions and scratches in children and adults. Today, convenient road markers of iodine and brilliant green are on sale, ideal for travel. Of the other antiseptic preparations, salicylic alcohol, Miramistin, alcohol tincture of calendula, as well as some antibiotic ointment, for example, Levomekol, should be put in the first-aid kit for the home and family.

Hydrogen peroxide is useful as a means for washing wounds and stopping blood. From household burns, skin rashes and itching, medicines based on dexpanthenol will help - Bepanten cream, Panthenol and so on. Hematomas are perfectly absorbed under the influence of heparin-derived ointments. Swelling and a feeling of "heaviness" in the legs will be eliminated by Troxevasin, Lioton gel and Heparin ointment.

Painkillers based on ibuprofen, ketoprofen, or diclofenac will relieve discomfort from sprains and bruises. Levomycetin eye drops will help with inflammation or damage to the eyes. It is timely necessary to replenish the first-aid kit with dressings, sterile and non-sterile bandages, cotton wool, gauze napkins, cotton swabs, as well as adhesive plasters.

Essential aids for home and family include:

• elastic bandage;
• thermometer;
• syringes of different sizes;
• warmer;
• pipettes;
• scissors and so on.

Medications for oral administration in the first aid kit

Among the most important components of the first-aid kit, antipyretics stand out, their supply should be enough for 2-3 days of admission. The most popular antipyretics are created on the basis of paracetamol and ibuprofen, they can also cope with headaches, muscle pain and spasms. The first include - Panadol, Efferalgan and others, the second - Ibufen, Nurofen and so on. To reduce the symptoms of colds and flu, special means“Fervex, Theraflu, Rinza and the like. For young children, it is necessary to keep rectal antipyretic suppositories or sweet syrups in the medicine cabinet to reduce the temperature.

You should also have No-shpu in your first-aid kit to relax the smooth muscles of the internal organs. Antihistamines should also be included in the list of mandatory and essential drugs, they will avoid serious allergic reactions. Corvalol, liquid or tablet, will help with heart palpitations, and Validol in tablets, capsules or dragees can cope with signs of nervousness and angina pectoris.

For digestive problems, the following medications will help:

1. Enzymes - Mezim Forte, Creon, Pancreatin and others, they will cope with excess nutrition and help with diet changes.
2. Sorbents - Polysorb, activated carbon and others, they will help cleanse the body.
3. Probiotics and prebiotics - Hilak, Florin, Eubicor and others, restore healthy intestinal microflora.
4. Remedies for diarrhea and rehydrates - will help with stool disorders.

With such a medicinal supply, you can provide first aid to a person in need right at home.