Training on a cash register in a supermarket. Installation of cash register equipment and its connection. Training. Loading ribbon into the printer

With the introduction of online cash registers, entrepreneurs have a need to train employees to work with new cash register equipment. Are the old rules of operation applicable to online cash registers, how to learn how to operate an online cash register, and an example of working with an online cash register will be discussed later in the article.

Who is allowed to operate a cash register?

There are certain criteria that an employee working with an online cash register must meet. Employees who:

1. We got acquainted and studied in detail the standard rules for operating cash register equipment.

Despite the fact that the rules are not mandatory from the point of view of law, the cashier will be able to rely on these documents in the event of situations arising that are not provided for by the new legislation.

Also, studying the standard rules for working with cash registers will be useful for employees who do not have experience working with cash register equipment;

1. Signed the contract prepared by the employer in full financial liability

A full liability agreement must be signed before taking office. Otherwise, the employee will have every reason not to sign it.

Alternatively, the employer can indicate a clause requiring the signing of a full liability agreement in the employment contract.

In the absence of an agreement on full financial liability, the employer in some cases may hold the employee to full financial responsibility. For example, if an employee caused damage to the company while under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Detailed information this can be found in Art. 243 Labor Code of the Russian Federation;

1. We studied the instructions for all cash register equipment in detail.

Since online cash registers are completely new technical solution for business, every employee starting to work with a new cash register needs to understand how to use the online cash register. In addition to the risks associated with the breakdown of an expensive cash register due to the incompetence of an employee, the cashier may simply fill out transactions incorrectly, which will entail questions from the tax service.

In addition to providing employees with information on how to use the online cash register, the employer should consider developing internal rules for operating cash register equipment. Such rules may contain points:

1. Prohibition on violating the integrity of the cash register casing;
2. Prohibition on the admission of third (unidentified) parties to the repair of cash register equipment;
3. Prohibition on self-cleaning of CCPs, including with chemicals;
4. Prohibition on any interference with the operation of cash registers, etc.

For the convenience of the employer, the fact that you have read these rules must be confirmed by the employee’s signature.

Getting started with the online cash register: opening a shift

Before opening a cash register shift, the employee must prepare for the start of the working day. The cashier must:

1. Receive the keys to the cash drawer from the person in charge;
2. Get “change” to be able to give change to customers;
3. Check the presence of a receipt tape in the printing device;
4. Check the functionality of additional equipment (barcode scanner, scales, etc.)

Opening a shift at the online cash register

The shift opening report contains the cashier's data, the status of the counters at the beginning of the day, etc. Like all subsequent operations, this report will be sent to the fiscal data operator, and subsequently to the tax service.

If the cashier received “change,” then it is necessary to make a note in the cash book. The employee responsible for issuing change from the main cash register must formalize the operation by creating an expense cash order. Usually the number of banknotes is indicated at face value.

How to issue a check to a buyer

In order to understand how to use an online cash register, an employee needs to understand the algorithm for issuing a receipt to a buyer:

1. The cashier scans the item, thereby opening a receipt;
2. The buyer hands over the payment to the cashier;
3. After receiving Money The cashier completes the sales process by forming cash receipt.

If necessary, an electronic version of the cash receipt is sent to the buyer’s e-mail or phone number.

In order to simplify the process of entering personal data and for their safety, the developers have created a Federal Tax Service application with which the buyer can transfer his personal data to the cashier viaQR-code.

When paying for your purchase, you may need to deposit funds. different ways. For example, if the buyer does not have enough money on the card, he can pay the remaining amount in cash. In this case, the cashier generates one check. In which both payment methods are recorded, indicating the amount of each of them.

Operations for which a check must be generated include:

1. Sale

The check is issued after the cashier receives the funds or after the funds are written off from the client’s payment card;

1. Return

A refund receipt is issued if a refund was issued to the buyer based on the return of the goods to the store. The return receipt must be accompanied by a return application, which indicates the buyer’s passport details, date and reason for returning the goods;

1. Making adjustments

An adjustment is necessary if the sale was made at an incorrect price or without using an online cash register (for example, the organization experienced a power outage). IN in this case a correction check is issued;

1. Making an advance payment

A check is issued if the buyer makes an advance payment;

1. Making an advance payment

The difference from an advance payment is that an advance payment is made for a specific specific product, while an advance payment is a payment for an unspecified product (for example, the purchase of a gift certificate);

1. Issue of goods on credit/installments

The algorithm for generating and issuing a check in this case will be the same as for a regular sale, the differences lie in the absence of the fact of transfer of funds to the cashier and the indication of the payment method indicated in the check.

Try the online cash register Business.Ru, which allows you to easily and quickly register sales, print fiscal receipts and send electronic versions of them to customers. Get the opportunity to carry out all the necessary cash transactions, accept cash, bank cards and payment to the bank account.

Calculation sign

What is a calculation sign? At its core, this is a detail of a cash receipt, indicating to us the reason for the receipt (or issue) of funds to the cash desk (from the cash desk) of the organization.

The calculation attribute can be specified in four options:

1. “Receipt” - this payment attribute will contain a sales receipt. For example, if a buyer purchases household appliances in a store;
2. “Return of receipt” - such details will be indicated on the return receipt. For example, in case Appliances turned out to be of inadequate quality, and the buyer decided to return the goods;
3. “Expense” - a payment attribute with this name will be indicated in the receipt upon receipt of the goods on a paid basis. For example, a point for accepting scrap metal - issuing money when accepting metal;
4. “Refund of expenses” - this sign will be present on the receipt if the operation involves returning the goods to the client. For example, the same point for accepting scrap metal: the client returns the money to pick up the goods.

From January 1, 2019, the requirements to update the FDF to version 1.05 come into force. IN new version the following details will appear: “Attribute of the subject of payment, indicating a specific subject of payment, for example, “lottery winning”, “excise goods”, “service”, prepayment, advance payment, etc.

Payment method indicator

The payment method attribute indicates how the payment was made, for example, whether it was in full or whether the buyer purchased the goods on credit.

The sign of the payment method can be indicated both in the form of a code word and in the form of a digital designation:

1. Code ADVANCE PAYMENT 100% (or 1 in the digital version) - indicates that the seller has received an advance payment for the goods in the amount of 100%;
2. Code ADVANCE PAYMENT (or 2) - in this case, the buyer made a partial advance payment for the goods;
3. ADVANCE code (or 3) - indicates receipt of an advance for an item that has not been defined. For example, if a buyer purchases a gift certificate, the seller cannot find out in advance which product will be purchased, in this case the payment method is indicated as “advance”;
4. Code FULL SETTLEMENT (or 4) - this sign will be indicated on the receipt upon sale in the usual sense, i.e. in the case when the buyer pays in full and immediately receives all of his goods;
5. Code PARTIAL SETTLEMENT AND CREDIT (or 5) - this type of indicator of the payment method includes the situation when the buyer purchases goods on credit, while paying a down payment. That is, the goods will be partially paid for, and the remaining amount will be issued as a loan;
6. TRANSFER ON CREDIT (or 6) - here the payment method will be the purchase of goods on credit in full without down payment. In this case, the goods are transferred to the buyer immediately;
7. PAYMENT OF LOAN (or 7) - this sign will be indicated on the receipt when the buyer makes a payment to repay the loan. Moreover, it does not matter whether the next payment is made or the payment is made in full.

Applying a correction check

As mentioned above, a correction check is created by the cashier if the calculations were made without using an online cash register. In fact, there are three situations in which such calculations are possible:

1. Inability to use online cash register due to a breakdown;
2. Inability to use the cash register due to a power outage;
3. The occurrence of surpluses or shortages in the cash register due to the inattention of the cashier.

In any of these situations, the cashier will have to generate a correction check. The differences from a regular check with a correction check are quite significant:

1. Firstly, it is impossible to indicate the list of goods that were purchased on the correction receipt. This is due to the fact that in almost every situation in which the formation of this fiscal document is necessary, there is no possibility of establishing which specific goods were purchased. As an example, we can take the formation of such a check when a shortage is detected at the end of a work shift;

2. Secondly, it is worth paying attention to such details as a sign of calculation. When generating a fiscal document for correction, this detail can be of only two types:

- “arrival” when surplus is detected;

- “expense” when a shortage is detected.

An explanatory note with detailed description reasons for the adjustment. An explanatory note will be useful in case tax audit, because Federal Tax Service employees pay special attention to correction checks.

Most often, correction checks are confused with refund checks. A refund receipt is generated when the cashier needs to correct an operation that has already been completed. Thus, it is possible to correct the situation when a cashier mistakenly punches out an extra item. In this case, it is necessary to cancel the operation by generating a new fiscal document with a settlement attribute, which will indicate “return of income”. The check must also contain the amount of the erroneously issued check. Additionally, a new receipt is generated indicating the correct purchase amount.

Shift closing and collection

Every cashier must learn the rule: there should be no more than twenty-four hours between the opening and closing reports of a shift.

In other words, if the cash register shift is open at 15:00 on August 1, it must be closed no later than 15:00 on August 2. Opening and closing times cash register shift not established by law. At the end of the day, the cashier generates a report on the closure of the cash register shift (an earlier analogue was a z-report), then a PKO (receipt receipt) is generated cash order) and the totals are recorded in the cash book.

As for collection, revenue must be deposited into the main cash register after the cash register shift is closed. When accepting cash into the main cash desk, the employee issues a PKO. Upon arrival of the collectors, they are given a bag with money, an accompanying sheet for the bag, and a cash register with the collection operation is formed

An example of working with an online cash register

Let's look at how to work with an online cash register using the example of one working day:

The employee has already familiarized himself (by signature) with all internal documents regulating the operation of cash register equipment and studied the instructions in detail;

1. The first point at the opening of the working day will be the preparation of the workplace, for which he needs to receive the keys to the cash register, “change”, consumables, for example, a roll of receipt tape;
2. Generating a report on the start of a new shift. The document that is transferred to the OFD by default (like any document generated at the online cash register) will contain information about cash register and the employee who opened the shift.

At some cash registers you can open a shift simply by scanning the barcode of the product. This method of opening has one significant drawback - an employee may mistakenly open a shift under the account of another user (if, when closing, exit account was not implemented);

1. Next, the cashier performs operations, which include sales, returns, withdrawal of reports;
2. If we're talking about about a 24-hour store, after an astronomical day has passed from the opening of a shift, it must be closed and a new one immediately opens. If the cashier ignores the need to close after 24 hours, the cash register will stop generating cash receipts;
3. After the end of the shift, the cashier forms a PKO and formalizes the transfer of funds to the main cash register of the enterprise (safe). Next, the keys to the cash register are handed over to the responsible person.

By the end of the shift, the cashier must double-check the availability of all necessary documents for the cashier shift, for example, refund applications, explanatory notes to correction checks if available, etc.

What a cashier should not do while working

Considering that working with an online cash register is associated with the safety of inventory items (inventory) and equipment, the list of persons who can have access to the cash register area is strictly limited.

The cashier is prohibited from:

1. Allow outsiders to access the cash register;
2. Leave the cash register area without the presence of employees;
3. Leave the workplace without counting cash in the cash register. The procedure must take place in the presence of a substitute person. Information about the amount of cash in the cash register is recorded in journals maintained to record cash flows.

After entering the information into the journal, the cashier, as well as the employee replacing him, put their signatures under the total amount. This rule must be strictly observed even when the cashier is replaced by another employee for only a few minutes;

1. Leave the cash register area without notifying the manager;
2. Allow unauthorized persons to repair cash register equipment.

Do you need a cashier-operator's log?

The cashier-operator's journal is essentially a registration journal in which information is entered about the status of cash register counters and the amount of revenue, indicating the method of payment. Previously, before the introduction of new generation cash register equipment, the cashier-operator’s logbook was mandatory to fill out.

With the introduction of a new generation of cash registers, entrepreneurs have the opportunity to relieve their employees from filling out a magazine. However consensus there is no need for today.

According to the letter of the Ministry of Finance dated 04.04.2017 No. 03-01-15/19821, the journal is not mandatory to fill out, since the data entered into it is present in the reports transmitted by the OFD.

However, according to clause 72 of the Administrative Regulations according to Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated June 29, 2012 No. 94n, representatives of the tax service are required to certify the cashier-operator’s journals when such a need arises.

In addition, the presence of this type of cash accounting is recommended in paragraph 6 Methodological recommendations dated August 18, 1993.

Based on the information indicated above, the use of a cashier-operator’s journal (subject to working with an online cash register) is not established by law. However, it also does not prohibit journal-keeping by entrepreneurs for the purpose of revenue control.

Should I use a cash book and orders?

According to the Directives of the Bank of Russia dated March 11, 2014 No. 3210-U, the cash book, as well as orders (PKO, RKO), are mandatory for enterprises in which cash transactions are carried out. The format of the cash register does not matter. Businessmen working with online cash register from use cash book and warrants are not exempt.

However, there is a category of entrepreneurs who are exempt from the need to maintain these reporting forms, these include individual entrepreneurs. At such enterprises, cash flow is kept track of by filling out the Income and Expense Accounting Book.

If an individual entrepreneur works using a cash register, the data is entered into the Book once at the end of the cash register shift. If there is no cash register equipment at the enterprise, information must be entered for each fact of receiving or issuing money.

Features of the use of cash settlement and cash settlements in the circulation of changeable funds

PKO, like RKO, are required to be filled out in case of issuing change from the organization’s cash desk.

In this case, at the beginning of the shift, a cash register is created reflecting the amount of money issued. The basis for issuance will be indicated as “For exchange”.

Actions of the cashier if problems arise in the operation of the online cash register

During a work shift, various situations may arise, including those that interfere with the operation of cash register equipment. If the online cash register malfunctions for some reason, how should the cashier work in this case?

1. There is no Internet network

In fact, the absence of the Internet will not bring any problems as such. Transactions, despite the Internet shutdown, will be recorded on the fiscal drive. The OFD will receive information after the network is restored.

The problem with access to the Internet must be resolved no later than 30 days, otherwise the online cash register will be automatically blocked;

2. There was a power outage

The situation assumes that it is impossible to carry out transactions using the online cash register; therefore, if the store loses power, sales should be stopped. Sales should only be made as a last resort.

How can you work with an online cash register in this case if, for example, a person’s well-being depends on the sale of a product? Suppose a passerby feels ill and urgently needs water. In this case, you should not, referring to 54-FZ, close the store doors in front of a pale buyer; it is better to still make a sale, and after restoring the power grid, issue a correction check.

3. Broken receipt tape

To eliminate this problem, the cashier needs to replace the tape himself, if this is within his area of ​​responsibility.

4. Lack of connection between the computer and the online cash register

If such a problem occurs, it is necessary to understand its cause. “Understanding” in this context means visually assessing the situation and trying to find the cause of the breakdown.

For example, the cause may be a loose cable, in which case the cashier can correct the situation on his own. If at first glance the problem is not visible, the cashier should not roll up his sleeves and get into the vines of wires; it is better to call a specialist responsible for the technical serviceability of the equipment.

Memo for the cashier

In order to understand how to work with an online cash register and make a minimum of mistakes in operating cash register equipment, the cashier can use the following reminder:

1. Read the rules for using the online cash register;
2. Before starting work, read the full liability agreement and indicate your agreement with the rules by signing them;
3. If the availability of customers is in question, a shift can be opened immediately before the sale; opening a cash register shift together with the opening of the store is not necessary;
4. Do not confuse a refund with a correction check. Refunds are made if the buyer has expressed a desire to return previously purchased goods. A correction check is needed if the sale was made with an incorrect amount or without the use of cash registers;
5. Do not leave the checkout area unattended;
6. It is prohibited to allow third parties to the cash register;
7. Do not allow a gap of more than twenty-four hours between reports on the opening and closing of a shift to avoid blocking the cash register;
8. If the power is turned off, stop sales;
9. If the sale was carried out without an online cash register, a correction check is needed;
10. Cash register operation is not allowed in the absence of a receipt tape;
11. Even at the end of the shift, you should not leave the switched on CCP unattended;
12. Closing the cash register shift and depositing cash is entirely the responsibility of the cashier;
13. In the event of a shift change within the same cash register shift, a recalculation of funds with reconciliation of the results is required. At the time of recount, the presence of both the depositing and receiving parties is mandatory. In case of discrepancies, it is necessary to draw up a report and take an explanatory note from the shift handover.

By law, all those who are engaged in retail trade and sell something must have a cash register. However, more recently a new concept has emerged - online cash registers. Changes since 2017 in the Federal Law oblige everyone trading enterprises replace a regular machine with an online cash register. In this regard, businessmen have many questions; the answers to them are of particular concern to representatives of small and medium-sized businesses. Is it possible to do without an online cash register? Does everyone need to switch to new standards? What happens if a company ignores the new requirements? And in general, Let's try to understand this difficult topic and answer all the questions.

Changes in legislation

As mentioned above, all entrepreneurs who run retail trade, must have a cash register. Until recently, this requirement was mandatory, but many ignored it and were in no hurry to work according to the law. It was impossible to check everyone, so many transactions and sales were carried out through “gray” accounting, that is, without proper control by the state and, in fact, outside the law. In this regard, legislators decided to tighten control and make some changes. So, now everyone who trades and sells anything (goods or services) is required to have an online cash register. This will help. public services monitor revenue accounting more closely and accurately, replenish the country’s budget, bring order to the field of online commerce and online stores and, of course, this will protect consumers (buyers) from fraud on the part of sellers.

Such good intentions brought real chaos and sowed panic among entrepreneurs. Of course, if you did and are doing everything according to the law, then you have nothing to fear. The main thing is to understand all the innovations and understand what the essence of online cash registers is. Below we will look at the types of businesses for which its use is mandatory or alternative.

What is an online cash register

An online cash register is practically no different from a regular one - as it may seem at first glance. In fact, there is one fundamental difference, for the sake of which everything was started. Such cash desks are connected with world wide web and can transmit information and information about completed transactions to regulatory authorities via the Internet. Internet access opens up other possibilities. For example, you can now automatically notify the buyer via email or SMS that he bought a product from you (in essence, issue electronic version check). Question “What is an online cash register?” has puzzled many businessmen, despite the fact that there is nothing particularly new in this concept.

Some thought that this was a special cash desk that was being created on the state portal or something like that. In reality this is far from the case. All you need to do is explore new online cash registers and connect in the same way as you did with a regular cash register. Here, of course, there are some nuances that are not at all difficult to understand.

How does the online cash register work?

We will not go into technical details and details, but will answer only the main questions that haunt entrepreneurs who are forced to modernize their devices. By the way, not 100% of businessmen need to do this, but only some of them, but we’ll talk about this a little later.

The online cash register operates using the Internet. In this regard, there is a need to connect to the global web, since without it the meaning of using a new cash register is completely lost. The Internet for an online cash register is a necessary thing, and, fortunately, setting up a network is not difficult. Each owner of a retail outlet has the right to choose his own provider. Suitable for online cash register: wireless Internet, and cellular networks 2G or 3G.

And now the good news: the operation of the new online cash register is almost no different from the operation of your good old machine, if, of course, you had one. All basic processes remain unchanged; returns through online cash registers are carried out quickly enough and without unnecessary paperwork. The only thing new here is the fiscal drive. This is a device that makes online data transfer possible. That's all. Connecting an online cash register is a separate issue that requires additional clarification, so we will move on to it immediately after we find out whether you need an online cash register or not.

Who needs it

Those who today have (or are required by law to have) an old-style cash register cannot do without an online cash register. If you are the owner of a hairdressing salon, studio, transport company, if you sell travel packages or tickets to concerts, excursions or other events, if you accept online payment for your goods or services, you must have a new type of cash register.

But if you are engaged in shoe repair, making keys and locks, selling handmade goods, renting out housing for long-term or short-term rent, then the law still exempts you from the mandatory use of an online cash register. This same category of lucky people includes those who sell newspapers and magazines, ice cream, soft drinks, vegetables and fruits.

Temporarily (until July 1, 2018) they may not rush to switch to online cash registers. Owners of various payment systems and individual entrepreneurs who operate under a simplified taxation system (UTII or PSN) or are engaged in the sale of goods using vending machines may also not yet install an online cash register.

Where can I get it?

So, we’ve roughly figured out what an online cash register is, now we need to answer one more question important question: where can I get it? Again, nothing complicated here. The process of acquiring a new cash register is no different from how entrepreneurs did it a year or five years ago. As stated above, technical equipment modernized cash register systems are almost no different from old devices, with the exception of one device. That's why the only way getting a new online cash register is simply a matter of purchasing it.

We will not advertise individual services and companies involved in this, but just in case, we remind you that you need to remain vigilant in this matter and not fall for scammers. Buy goods from trusted sellers and study them carefully before paying. It is important that the documents for the cash register include the note “Complies with 54-FZ”.

The cost of online cash registers differs depending on the functionality, size and scope of application of the device. So, the minimum price starts from 13,000 rubles, maximum cost- about 75,000 rubles.

Connection

Another important issue that cannot be ignored is connecting an online cash register. Instructions for this process are also described in regulations and is regulated by law, so there can be no exceptions or double interpretation. It is enough to follow a simple algorithm to do everything right.

So, the first step will be to conclude a formal agreement with the fiscal data operator (abbreviated OFD). This new member your relationship with regulatory authorities, thanks to which they will receive information about completed transactions in real time. OFD stores, transmits and processes information in accordance with Federal Law 54 and guarantees complete confidentiality of data. Quite a lot of attention is paid to safety; operators work on special software, which encrypts information. This practically reduces the chances of kidnapping her to zero.

There are a number of difficulties that a company or individual entrepreneur may encounter when choosing a fiscal data operator. The fact is that this role is not assigned to any single special body, but to various companies that have all the necessary licenses (including from Roskomnadzor) and have the equipment required by law. Therefore, you need to pay special attention to the choice of OFD and follow simple recommendations: you need to ask your potential partner about its technical capabilities, functionality, ability to receive notifications, and control the information sent. Check the contractor’s competencies and don’t forget to clarify what exactly will be included in the cost of providing services. It wouldn’t be out of place to demand that you present everything Required documents and licenses permitting this type of activity.

Once the OFD is selected, you need to connect to it. This is very easy to do: just go to the company’s website and leave a request there special form. After some simple manipulations, a manager will contact you, who will answer all your questions and draw up an agreement for signing. In some cases, instead of a contract, an organization uses an offer, which also complies with the requirements of the law and to some extent facilitates the process of signing an agreement.

From this moment on, all processes occur automatically: collection, storage, processing and transmission of data is carried out by the operator you choose. You do not need to carry out or control the above processes - this is done by professionals under the supervision of the state.

Registration

After you have purchased a new cash register or upgraded an old one, entered into an agreement with the fiscal data operator, you need to move on to the last important step, which you cannot do without - registering an online cash register. What is it for? Since all sales data must be recorded by the government and be completely transparent, you are required to report it to the tax office. If earlier some operations could be hidden, now this is becoming almost impossible. Within a second after the sale of a product or service and the issuance of a receipt through online cash registers, the tax office will have this information in full.

So, to register your online cash register with the tax office, you can use two methods. The first is familiar, paper, bureaucratic. You need to go to the nearest Federal Tax Service office with the usual application. Service employees will review it within three working days and register the device. A sample application form can be found on the Internet or at the Federal Tax Service itself. However, in order to save time and nerves, it is better to use the second method - registering a cash register via the Internet. To do this, you need to register on the official website of the Federal Tax Service, log into your personal account and fill out an electronic application, in which you should indicate the serial number of your cash register and fiscal drive.

Once the tax office has checked these numbers and verified their existence, it will issue you a special registration number that cannot be shared with anyone. It will need to be entered into the online cash register. This is done differently everywhere, so carefully read the instructions from the cash register manufacturer before trying to randomly enter numbers into the fields. If you figured everything out and did it as expected, then your device itself will print out a registration report. It will contain special data that you will need to enter in your personal account on the tax service website in a separate field. After you click on the “Done” button, the process will be over - you can work peacefully.

Advantages

After State Duma deputies introduced amendments to the legislation that changed the approach to the operation and use of all cash registers, a lot of businessmen showed their dissatisfaction. At first, no one could really understand what these innovations meant and what an online cash register was. After time passed and it became clear that no radical changes were expected, the fervor died down a little, and many entrepreneurs even came to the conclusion that an online cash register is more good than bad.

Among the advantages of new cash registers from a business point of view, there is, for example, the absence of the need for equipment maintenance, since that same “magic” fiscal drive will be changed directly by sellers.

Another undoubted advantage is the ease of registration of the cash register: you don’t need to stand in line and wait a week for connection, just fill out a simple form on the Federal Tax Service website and, following the instructions, connect the device yourself in just a few steps. Thirdly, employees tax office Now they will not go out for inspections, because they receive all the information themselves automatically via the Internet. This is a definite plus, because this approach almost completely eliminates the corruption component (tax officials will not be able to put pressure on you and demand money, attributing non-existent violations to your business).

For others, these benefits are not. This applies to those who are accustomed to working under illegal schemes, bribing government officials and hiding their real income. Everything must be fair, and the requirement to acquire online cash registers is another step towards bringing small and medium-sized businesses out of the shadow.

What happens if you don’t switch to an online checkout?

From February to July 2017, the number of online cash registers in Russia increased tenfold, but not all entrepreneurs managed to switch to new technology. Moreover, many of them did not want to do this, and some businessmen who still have time until 2018 are even thinking about not switching to online cash registers. For this they will face punishment and penalties. If the offense is committed for the first time, the business owner will face a fine. For individual entrepreneurs, its size will be up to 50% of the profit received, but not less than 10,000 rubles, for LLC - from 75 to 100% of revenue, but not less than 30,000 rubles. In case of repeated violation (if the revenue exceeded a million rubles), you will be deprived of the right to engage in entrepreneurial activity for a period of 90 days. If the revenue is less than 1,000,000 rubles. - again a fine.

As for the use of cash registers with violations (for example, your cash register is not registered in accordance with the law, you do not have a fiscal drive, there are artificial failures during online payment, the cash register does not print receipts of the established form), for this you will face a fine of 1,500 to 10,000 rubles.

In order not to get caught and not create problems for yourself, the best solution would be to do everything according to the law and get one as soon as possible online cash register if you haven't already done so.

conclusions

Thus, online cash registers are truly useful tool for any business. They make operations transparent and understandable, stop corruption schemes, and help the state maintain more precise control over trading activities. We looked at the very concept and instructions of an online cash register and realized that it is practically no different from a regular machine. You should not have any particular difficulties in purchasing the device, since the instructions for connecting and registering it are quite clear. Switch to a new cash register so as not to have problems with the law in the future and not to pay high fines for the absence of a cash register or its incorrect operation.

Before starting work using the online cash register, the cashier-operator receives:

• keys to the cash register, cash register drive and cash drawer;
• necessary consumables - receipt and control tapes, ribbon for the printing device, cleaning products, etc.;
• loose change and banknotes.

Then the cashier-operator must generate a report on the opening of the shift. The online cash register will automatically send this report to the operator. If the check is positive, the cash register will receive confirmation. After this, you can begin settlements with customers (clauses 2, 3, Article 4.3 of the Law of May 22, 2003 No. 54-FZ).

When making payments to each customer, the cashier-operator is obliged to:

• determine the total purchase amount based on the cash register indicator and tell it to the buyer;
• receive money, clearly state its amount and place this money separately in full view of the buyer;
• carry out an operation through an online cash register for the amount received;
• name the amount of change due and give it to the buyer along with a check or form strict reporting.

There are two options for issuing a check or strict reporting form.

Firstly, on paper.

Secondly, in electronic form. The check is not printed on paper, but is sent to the buyer’s phone number or e-mail. This is possible if the buyer provided such information before settlement.

At the end of the work shift, before the arrival of the cash collector, the cashier-operator generates a report on the closure of the shift on the cash register. Online cash register will automatically send this report to the fiscal data operator.

If the organization is small (with one or two transaction cash desks), the cashier-operator hands over the money directly to the collector.

After depositing the proceeds and completing the documents, the cashier performs between-repairs maintenance of the cash register, disconnects it from the network and closes it with a cover. Next, the cashier hands over the keys to the cash register and cash register to the head of the organization (his deputy, head of the section) for safekeeping against receipt.

note

Online cash registers do not require maintenance like old-style cash registers. Online cash registers and fiscal drives need to be repaired in specialized centers (for example, from the cash register manufacturer).

What details does a cash receipt and BSO contain?

Requirements for mandatory details and a strict reporting form are listed in Article 4.7 of Law No. 54-FZ.

So, the check issued by the online cash register must indicate:

1. place (address) of settlement;
2. the taxation system that is used in the calculation;
3. calculation sign:

• receiving money from the buyer (client) – receipt;
• return to the buyer (client) of funds received from him - return of receipt;
• issuing money to the buyer (client) is an expense;
• receipt of funds from the buyer (client) issued to him - return of expenses;

1. name of goods, works, services, payment, payment, their quantity, price per unit including discounts and markups, cost including discounts and markups, indicating the VAT rate. Individual entrepreneurs, and the simplified tax system, unified agricultural tax or UTII (except for those that sell excisable goods) may not indicate the name of the product (work, service) and their quantity until February 1, 2021 (clause 17, article 7 Federal Law dated July 3, 2016 No. 290-FZ);
2. the calculation amount with a separate indication of the rates and VAT amounts at these rates. An exception is made for non-payers of VAT or payers selling goods not subject to VAT;
3. form of payment (cash or electronic means payment);
4. position and surname of the cashier who issued the cash receipt or issued it to the buyer (client) (except for online payments);
5. Website address authorized body on the Internet, where you can check the authenticity of the check;
6. telephone number or email address of the buyer (client), if he asked to send him a check in electronic form, or an Internet address where you can receive such a check;
7. the email address of the sender of the cash receipt (strict reporting form) in electronic form, if the cash receipt (strict reporting form) was transferred to the buyer in electronic form.

According to the Federal Tax Service, a seller who uses an online cash register and has received an advance payment from the buyer must also issue him a cash receipt with the requisite “advance payment.” And after the final payment using the previously transferred advance, issue a cashier’s check with the requisite “advance offset” (letter of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated November 11, 2016 No. AS-4-20/21345@).

All details of a paper check must be clear and easy to read for at least six months from the date of issue of the check (Clause 8, Article 4.7 of Law No. 54-FZ).

note

Online cash registers do not cancel the use of strict reporting forms. However, from July 1, 2018, it is necessary to form a BSO not by printing, but only through cash registers (Clause 8, Article 7 of the Federal Law of July 3, 2016 No. 290-FZ).

Responsibility for non-use of CCP

Responsibility for non-use of cash registers is established by Article 14.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

The amount of the fine depends on the revenue that was not recorded through the cash register (Part 2 of Article 14.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). So, for non-use of CCP you will be fined:

• official - in the amount of 1/4 to 1/2 of the unaccounted amount, but not less than 10,000 rubles;
• organization - from 3/4 to one size of the amount of the “unbroken” purchase, but not less than 30,000 rubles.

Repeated non-use of cash registers will be punished more severely only if the amount of payments “by the cash register” amounted to 1,000,000 rubles or more (Part 3 of Article 14.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

An official may be disqualified for a period of one to two years, and the activities of individual entrepreneurs and organizations may be suspended for up to 90 days.

Responsibility for the use of a cash register that does not meet the established requirements, or the use of a cash register in violation of the procedure for its registration, re-registration and use, has been in effect since February 1, 2017 (Part 4 of Article 14.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

A cash register, according to Federal Law No. 54, must be present for every entrepreneur conducting cash transactions. Some businessmen believe that using the device is very difficult and they will not be able to master it on their own. But this is not so - once you figure it out, you will be able to work on almost any CCP model. We will tell you about how to use a cash register : There is nothing complicated about it.

General rules

Before using the cash register, be sure to read the instructions. It contains all the keyboard shortcuts and rules for punching checks. Remember that at the end of the day you need to “reset” the cash register by withdrawing all the cash earned during the day and filing a report in the cash book.

The rules for using a cash register are quite simple.

Who can work with CCP?

Only those people who have entered into an agreement with the business owner on full financial responsibility (or the entrepreneur himself) can operate a cash register. They must also learn how to properly operate a cash register at least at a minimum level (knock out receipts, reset the machine). You can undergo training at the KKT technical service center.

Note:Before the cash register starts operating, the individual entrepreneur or the store director, together with the cashier, must open the drive and the cash register counter, knock out the reporting receipt and check the coincidence of the amounts for the last day with the operator’s audit trail.

The director's responsibilities also include:

• entering accurate readings from the machine into the cash book, certifying the results with your signature;
• registration of the beginning of a new control tape (it indicates the number of the cash register, the start date of its use and the readings of the control register);
• issuing keys to the drive and the device itself to the responsible person;
• issuing small bills and coins to the cashier for change;
• providing employees working with the machine with cash register and ink ribbons.

Cashier responsibilities

Before starting work, a cashier must:

• check the functionality and integrity of the cash register units;
• adjust the date and time, check if the cash register is reset to zero;
• before starting work, you need to knock out a couple of zero checks, checking the functionality of the printing mechanism;
• at the end of the working day, reset the cash register and hand over the cash to the director.

Rules for working with cash registers may differ - read the instructions

How to work with CCP

Let's figure out how work with a cash register: step by step actions. First of all, turn on the device. Some devices are turned on by a button on the rear panel, some by turning the key to the REG position. The display should show zeros: this means that everything is working normally. The further algorithm of work looks like this:

1. Authorization. Some cash register systems begin to work only after the employee is authorized. To do this, you will need to enter your service number and password or use a special card.
2. The sale is carried out by entering the required amount. Enter the correct price for the item using the number keys. Then click the product classification button (usually they are divided into groups, for example: clothing, shoes, food). Some cash registers can read product barcodes, automatically knocking out the required amount. Then click the “Payment” or “Cash” button and the purchase will be completed.
3. If you have any discounts on the full price, you can get them directly on the device. Enter it full price, then select a product category, enter the discount amount and click the “%” button (for example, 15%).
4. If you need to enter multiple various items in one check, then enter their price and press the category key. Repeat this process until you have entered all the items, then click “Payment”.
5. A zero check is issued simply by clicking on the “Payment” or “Cash” button.

These are the simplest rules for using a cash register. You can learn more about complex operations from the instructions for your device.

Replacing the ribbon

let's consider how to insert a tape into a cash register - this has to be done quite often, so it is necessary to bring this process to automation.

Inserting the tape is not difficult: practice a couple of times and you will learn how to

The introduction of online cash register systems in 2016 seemed to most entrepreneurs to be evil machinations on the part of the state. But a couple of years have passed, the new order has taken root easily, and we see that working with an online cash register is not as incomprehensible as it seems. In this article we will learn what staff need to do, how to open and close a shift.

Before working with an online cash register, it must be registered with the Federal Tax Service and configured. We wrote about this earlier.

Online cash register and sending OFD data

The main goal of the transition to online cash registers was to speed up and have full control over the transfer of data to the tax office. But not directly, but through cooperation with the fiscal data operator (FDO). Before moving on to the instructions for working in 2019, the rules for working with online cash registers, let's review the theory. How does online cash register work?

1. When scanning or manually entering information, a receipt is generated after payment;
2. Data from it is transmitted over the Internet to a remote server;
3. The OFD checks the data and provides confirmation of the information that the payment has gone through;
4. The information is forwarded to the tax service.

Once the data is sent to the operator, it cannot be deleted or corrected. Information is stored on a secure server for a minimum of 5 years.

Where to begin?

From staff training. It’s not difficult; a cashier’s work with an online cash register is not much different from working with a regular cash register. True, the employee must sign an entry in the journal that he is aware of how the cash register works and understands the degree of financial responsibility. The agreement on carrying out such is also signed.

Opening shift

Trading business begins every day with the changer receiving the keys to the cash register, including access to the cash compartment, and the receipt tape intended for a specific model of the machine. The cashier also receives a bag of bills and coins for change (in this case, the check does not go through). Information on the opening of each cash register is entered into the accounting book according to form No. KO-5. When opened, a report similar to this is printed:

Advice to the cashier: when the flow of customers is small, and you do not predict that there will be at least one sale, it is better not to start the online cash register with 1C and not to send a report. It may happen that frequent receipt of opening reports without punching checks will “interest” the inspection authorities.

Issuing a check to the buyer

After the cashier has indicated the total amount and the client has paid for it, the cashier will print a receipt for the purchase. Just like when working with old-style machines, you need to take a printed receipt and hand it to the client along with the change. When paying for orders in the online store, the check is sent to the customer provided e-mail. Sometimes OFD does this, receiving customer contacts from the cash register owner.

Instructions for working with online cash registers state that the buyer can ask the seller for an electronic receipt in the following ways:

• By sending a digital copy by email;
• By sending a text confirmation to your mobile phone number;
• Through the App interface in the mobile Federal Tax Service, in which the seller, by scanning the QR code, generates a copy of the receipt.

Common situations when working with CCP

This subsection is devoted to the question “What to do if ....”

The goods were returned by the customer under the Consumer Protection Law

It is necessary to generate a check according to the attribute “Return of receipt”. Here's how it differs from a regular "Receipt" check:

An error was made when the cashier entered a check

Another check is generated using the “Correction” attribute. Each machine has its own function for this; to find out about it, read the procedure for working with online cash registers used in your business.

Partial payment

If the client has only made an advance payment, a check is generated using the “Advance” calculation attribute. When the product is sold and the rest of the money for it is received, another “Full payment” check is punched.

Internet connection lost

You can still continue to work with the cash register and punch receipts offline. As soon as the connection is restored, they will all be automatically transferred to the OFD server.

The electricity went out

In this case, the cash registers will also turn off. Therefore, trading must be suspended until power is restored. Trading without receipts is a serious offense that is punishable by a fine.

What not to do when working with online cash register systems

As in previous times, you cannot start trading without having a cash book and without generating a report on the start of the shift. Considering working with an online cash register step by step, we can highlight 5 typical mistakes cashier:

1. Lack of a special control tape containing data about the terminal;
2. Allowing other employees who are not involved in operations to access the cash register. Moreover, the admission of clients or strangers;
3. Absence from the cash register without warning and without closing the shift;
4. Leaving the terminal switched on unattended, with the cash drawer open;
5. Storing tips or personal money in a cash drawer.

How to close a shift

Having worked the required number of hours, the cashier must hand over the proceeds to the cash collector or the shift supervisor. The step-by-step scheme for working with an online cash register in 1C provides the following algorithm for closing a shift:

• Print a closing report within the first twenty-four hours of opening. After 24 hours, the machine itself will stop printing receipts, and you will need to close it and then print repeat procedure discoveries;
• Automatic submission of the OFD report, with information about the cashier, the number of checks, including those that did not reach the operator;
• Delivery of proceeds with recalculation to the senior cashier or collector;
• Printing a report on meter readings at all cash registers at the end of the day.

An example of such a report is given below.