The theme of the work is that the dawns here are quiet. “And the dawns here are quiet” (Essay in the form of a review)

Are you here: Eye and face protection

Boris Vasiliev - famous writer, former participant of the Great Patriotic War. He saw with his own eyes the cruelty and horrors of war, he knows firsthand what he later, in Peaceful time, decided to tell my readers. His best works, in my opinion, are “Not on the lists” and “And the dawns here are quiet.”
Behind Lately Much has been written by talented and truthful people, but B. Vasiliev’s stories are not lost in all the diversity of military topics. This is primarily due to the bright and heroic images, created by the author.
“The Dawns Here Are Quiet” is a story about women at war. Many works are devoted to this topic, but this one is special. The story is written without excessive sentimentality, in a harsh, laconic manner. She talks about the events of 1942.
German saboteurs are thrown into the location of an anti-aircraft machine gun battery, commanded by a Basque sergeant major. At first, the foreman thinks that there are two Germans, so he decides to destroy the Nazis with the help of his unit, which contains only girls.
Five anti-aircraft gunners were selected for this task. The sergeant major completes the assigned task, but at what cost?!
Basque - participant Finnish war, knows well the area where the saboteurs are going. Therefore, he confidently leads his unusual fighters to complete the task. At first, the girls had a low opinion of their commander: “a mossy stump, twenty words in reserve, and even those are from the regulations.” Danger brought all six together, revealed extraordinary spiritual qualities foreman, ready to take on any difficulties, but only to save the girls.
Undoubtedly, Basque is the core of the story. He knows and can do a lot; he has front-line experience behind him, which he tries to pass on to his soldiers. He is a man of few words and values only actions. The foreman absorbed best qualities defender, soldier, thanks to the feat of such Vaskovs, the victory was won.
The assistant sergeant major in the group was Sergeant Osyanina. Basque immediately singled her out from the others: “Strict, never laughs.” The foreman was not mistaken - Rita fought skillfully, she took revenge for her deceased border guard husband, for her ruined life, for her desecrated Motherland. Before her inevitable death, Rita tells the elder about her son. From now on, she entrusts the boy to Vaskov, a reliable and kindred spirit.
Zhenka Komelkova has her own scores to settle with the Germans. She saves the foreman and the group three times: first at the channel, stopping the Germans from crossing. Then he stabbed the German who was pressing on Vaskov. And finally, at the cost of her life, she saved the wounded Rita, leading the Nazis further into the forest. The author admires the girl: “Tall, red-haired, white-skinned. And children’s eyes are green, round, like saucers.” Sociable, mischievous, a favorite of those around her, Komelkova sacrificed herself for the common cause - the destruction of saboteurs.
All of them - Lisa Brichkina, Sonya Gurvich, Chetvertak, Rita Osyanina and Zhenya Komelkova - died, but the Basque foreman, shocked by such losses, brought the matter to the end.
This Russian soldier was on the verge of madness. He realized that he would not live if he allowed the Nazis to carry out their plans. No, he must finish what he started. The author showed that there are no limits to human capabilities. The Basques do not so much take revenge on their enemies for the murdered girls as fulfill their military duty.
He was able to survive, go through the war and stay alive in order to raise Rita Osyanina’s son, so that with his life he could justify himself for the dead girls.
It's not easy to live with such a burden, but he strong man. B. Vasiliev’s merit as a writer lies in the fact that he was able to create the image of the heroic generation of our fathers and grandfathers.

The story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet,” written by Boris Lvovich Vasiliev (life: 1924-2013), first appeared in 1969. The work, according to the author himself, is based on a real military episode when, after being wounded, seven soldiers serving on the railway prevented a German sabotage group from blowing it up. After the battle, only one sergeant, the commander of the Soviet fighters, managed to survive. In this article we will analyze “And the dawns here are quiet”, we will describe summary this story.

War is tears and grief, destruction and horror, madness and the extermination of all living things. She brought misfortune to everyone, knocking on every house: wives lost their husbands, mothers lost their sons, children were forced to be left without fathers. Many people went through it, experienced all these horrors, but they managed to survive and win the hardest war ever endured by humanity. We begin the analysis of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” with a brief description of the events, commenting on them along the way.

Boris Vasiliev served as a young lieutenant at the beginning of the war. In 1941, he went to the front while still a schoolboy, and two years later was forced to leave the army due to severe shell shock. Thus, this writer knew the war firsthand. Therefore, his best works are precisely about it, about the fact that a person manages to remain human only by fulfilling his duty to the end.

In the work “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” the content of which is war, it is felt especially acutely, since it is turned on an unusual side for us. We are all used to associating men with her, but here the main characters are girls and women. They stood up against the enemy alone in the middle of Russian land: lakes, swamps. The enemy is hardy, strong, merciless, well armed, and many times outnumbers them.

The events take place in May 1942. A railway siding and its commander are depicted - Fyodor Evgrafych Vaskov, a 32-year-old man. The soldiers arrive here, but then start partying and drinking. Therefore, Vaskov writes reports, and in the end they send him anti-aircraft gunner girls under the command of Rita Osyanina, a widow (her husband died at the front). Then Zhenya Komelkova arrives, replacing the carrier killed by the Germans. All five girls had their own character.

Five different characters: analysis

“And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” is a work that describes interesting female characters. Sonya, Galya, Lisa, Zhenya, Rita - five different, but in some ways very similar girls. Rita Osyanina is gentle and strong-willed, distinguished by spiritual beauty. She is the most fearless, courageous, she is a mother. Zhenya Komelkova is white-skinned, red-haired, tall, with childish eyes, always laughing, cheerful, mischievous to the point of adventurism, tired of pain, war and painful and long love for a married and distant man. Sonya Gurvich is an excellent student, a refined poetic nature, as if she came out of a book of poems by Alexander Blok. She always knew how to wait, she knew that she was destined for life, and it was impossible to avoid it. The latter, Galya, always lived more actively in the imaginary world than in the real one, so she was very afraid of this merciless terrible phenomenon, which represents war. “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” portrays this heroine as a funny, never-grown-up, clumsy orphanage girl. Escape from orphanage, notes and dreams... oh long dresses, solo parts and general worship. She wanted to become new love Orlova.

The analysis of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” allows us to say that none of the girls were able to fulfill their desires, because they did not have time to live their lives.

Further developments

The heroes of “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” fought for their homeland like no one had ever fought before. They hated the enemy with all their souls. The girls always followed orders precisely, as young soldiers should. They experienced everything: losses, worries, tears. Right before the eyes of these fighters, their good friends died, but the girls held on. They fought to the death until the very end, did not let anyone through, and there were hundreds and thousands of such patriots. Thanks to them, it was possible to defend the freedom of the Motherland.

Death of Heroines

These girls had different deaths, just as they were different life paths, which the heroes of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” followed. Rita was wounded by a grenade. She understood that she could not survive, that the wound was fatal, and she would have to die painfully and for a long time. Therefore, gathering the rest of her strength, she shot herself in the temple. Galya's death was as reckless and painful as she herself - the girl could have hidden and saved her life, but she did not. One can only guess what motivated her then. Perhaps just momentary confusion, perhaps cowardice. Sonya's death was cruel. She did not even manage to understand how the blade of the dagger pierced her cheerful young heart. Zhenya’s is a little reckless and desperate. She believed in herself until the very end, even when she was leading the Germans away from Osyanina, and did not doubt for a moment that everything would end well. Therefore, even after the first bullet hit her in the side, she was only surprised. After all, it was so implausible, absurd and stupid to die when you were only nineteen years old. Lisa's death happened unexpectedly. It was a very stupid surprise - the girl was pulled into the swamp. The author writes that until the last moment the heroine believed that “there will be tomorrow for her too.”

Sergeant Major Vaskov

Sergeant Major Vaskov, whom we have already mentioned in summary“And the dawns here are quiet,” in the end he remains alone in the midst of torment, misfortune, alone with death and three prisoners. But now he has five times more strength. What was human in this fighter, the best, but hidden deep in the soul, was suddenly revealed. He felt and worried both for himself and for his girls “sisters”. The foreman laments, he does not understand why this happened, because they need to give birth to children, not die.

So, according to the plot, all the girls died. What guided them when they went into battle, not sparing their own lives, defending their land? Perhaps just a duty to the Fatherland, to one’s people, perhaps patriotism? Everything was mixed up at that moment.

Sergeant Major Vaskov ultimately blames himself for everything, and not the fascists he hates. His words that he “put all five down” are perceived as a tragic requiem.

Conclusion

Reading the work “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” you involuntarily become an observer of the everyday life of anti-aircraft gunners at a bombed crossing in Karelia. This story is based on an episode that is insignificant in the enormous scale of the Great Patriotic War, but it is told in such a way that all its horrors appear before the eyes in all their ugly, terrible inconsistency with the essence of man. It is emphasized both by the fact that the work is titled “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” and by the fact that its heroes are girls forced to participate in the war.

In the viewer’s perception, “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” became the final, third film about the fate of a woman in the war, made on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. And if the previous works “Battalion” and “Battle for Sevastopol” professed the concept “based on real events”, which has been fashionable for many years, then here the creators decided to go a little further and aimed at a film adaptation of the cult story Boris Vasiliev which is still integral part patriotic school program. Dozens of critics immediately attacked the film, trying to compare it with the Soviet film adaptation, and studied every scene from head to toe, looking for inaccuracies and plot inconsistencies with the original. Anticipating attacks, the performer of one of the roles arrived in Krasnodar for the pre-premiere screening Christine Asmus(as well as the film crew in their video message), tried to convey to the viewer that they should compare the new film adaptation with the film Stanislava Rostotskovo incorrect. They say that they all love it very much and consider it an ageless classic of Soviet cinema, but in their work they tried more to rely on literary source. The worst thing is that if, in comparison with the film from 30 years ago, the picture Renata Davletyarova It could at least somehow justify its existence by the fashion for remakes, but if you look at it through the prism of a well-known story, it simply does not stand up to any criticism. And the point here is not at all that making films based on old books has long become a criminal bad manners.

The plot of the film initially tries to thoroughly follow the original source in everything. Here are five brave anti-aircraft gunner girls, just as green and frightened by the war approaching behind them. Here is their brave commander Fedot Vaskov, still in the same peasant way, singingly teaching them wisdom. The Germans also did not disappear, landing ten kilometers from their location to commit sabotage at an important transport junction in the White Sea Canal area. As in the story, in the end only the notorious commander will remain alive, who will then carry the burden of responsibility for the fate of his charges throughout his life, whom he could not save from the merciless fate of a woman in war. All ingredients are properly served, cut and mixed. Only, in the end, the audience is presented not with a piercing drama of human characters, but with beautifully shot shooting scenes with guys in German uniforms. But as always.

The main and, perhaps, fatal mistake of the director and screenwriter of the film was, strange as it may seem, precisely the attempt to thoroughly adapt the film adaptation to the original source. “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” was written during the reigning policy of socialist realism, when in their works the authors tried to criticize the government/war/compatriots on the sly, with the help of omissions and transparent hints. It was Vasiliev who was one of the first who tried to abandon heroic-sublime pathos in his story military prose, turning not to loud slogans, but to the characters of his characters, through whom the full horror of the lawlessness that was happening on Soviet soil was shown. Davletyarov, while filming his film, for some reason paid great attention to the first feature, but decided not to give a damn about the second.

For some reason, the film carefully preserved a lot of moments from the book, which to the modern viewer will seem completely incomprehensible, and simply strange. So, for example, for some reason the famous scene in which the girls decide to hold a Komsomol meeting right on the battlefield in order to condemn their cowardly friend was transferred without changes, and Vaskov nipped the initiative in the bud. It was clear to the Soviet reader that Vasiliev wanted to show a rebellion against nomenklatura cowardice, to concentrate attention on the universal, and not the party-dogmatic. The current viewer simply will not understand her, thinking that the brave commander simply decided to rein in the talkative women. And there are a great many such scenes here.

But Davletyarov was categorically unable to make each participant in the story a full-fledged personality. Yes, we are shown flashbacks in which the fate of each heroine is described, we seem to begin to sympathize with them, but for some reason there is no emotional return to the characters. In addition, the writers made some adjustments to the girls’ biographies. Yes, orphan Galya Chetvertak turned out to be the daughter of a mother repressed in '37, in Sonya Gurvich turned into the true image of a somewhat embittered Soviet power intellectuals. The message of the authors of the new film adaptation is clear: they say, love and protect your homeland, despite the fact that it has not given you anything good in life, and even worse - it has broken everything that was best for you. But due to such a change in perspective and attitude towards the original source, for some reason nothing remains but bravura patriotism. The unfortunate actresses are trying their best to portray some emotions on the screen, but the director does not need this at all. Instead of the personal tragedy of individual participants in the war, we were shown classic propaganda soaked in cheap patriotic dogmas. And after this there is no need to talk about any adherence to the letter of the original.

While watching the film, I couldn’t shake the feeling that the director was simply squeezing creativity out of himself in every scene and, worst of all, there seemed to be nothing new to tell him. In all his interviews, Renat Davletyarov never tired of emphasizing that he did not make his film for critics. The main audience, in his opinion, is “the youth with whom we speak in a language they understand.” But all that he was able to say “on his own” was only the external form, but not the content. Yes, the film was shot in a truly modern way, it is clear that domestic filmmakers managed to last decade cut his teeth on big-budget films. But if youth-friendly language is simply a good production, then I have bad news for the director: it’s not enough to make new audiences fall in love with this old story.

I will not, like many of my colleagues, say that after such a film adaptation Boris Vasiliev is probably spinning in his grave in an endless circle. The film, despite many concerns, did not turn out to be an outrage against both cinematic and literary classics - the director simply did not have the courage to do this. A new version“And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” turned out to be the most terrible of all possible results of two years of work - an empty picture that absolutely did not touch a single string of the soul. After all, what could be worse than a war film in which the viewer is not given even a small chance to show sympathy? Probably only “Stalingrad” Fedor Bondarchuk, which with each new film this year seems not so bad.

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Give a brief overview of B. Vasiliev’s work, draw attention to the problems that the writer poses in the story.
Help students understand and evaluate the actions of heroes and express their attitude towards them. Develop text analysis skills.
To cultivate high patriotic qualities.

Equipment. Portrait of a Writer; an exhibition of his books; illustrations by students for the story, poster by I. Toidze “The Motherland is Calling,” stands “For the sake of life on earth,” “Woman and war.”

Preparatory work.

Read the story.
Prepare to retell the writer's biography.
Write a review about the book.
Draw illustrations for the story.
Publish a wall newspaper based on the writer’s work.

During the classes

1. Organizing time. The lesson begins with showing film footage about the war. Levitan's heartfelt words sound:

Our cause is just. The enemy will be defeated. Victory will be ours!

Teacher. With this faith, the Soviet people went through the most terrible war that humanity has ever experienced. Millions of Soviet people gave their lives for a just cause, for the Soviet people to be free and happy. No, this cannot be forgotten!

(Reads S. Shchipachev’s poem “To the Fallen”)

They all wanted to live, but they died so that people could say: “And the dawns here are quiet...” Quiet dawns cannot be in tune with war, with death. They died, but they won, they didn’t let a single fascist through. They won because they selflessly loved their Motherland.

Woman at war...The role of women at the front is great. Women doctors and nurses, under shelling and explosions, carried the wounded from the battlefield, provided first aid, and sometimes saved the wounded at the cost of their own lives. Separate women's battalions were organized. We dedicate our lesson to girls - fighters of harsh times. Today we will talk about girls who were inhumanly, cruelly “levelled” by the war, viciously trampling on their charm, tenderness, and love.

It is no coincidence that Boris Vasiliev made the girls the heroes of his story in order to show how cruel the war is. After all, women are the beginning of all life. Murder of women is more than a crime. The Nazis killed them by the thousands...

2. Formation of new concepts.

a) students present materials on the biography and work of the writer.

b) student reports about the story. 1st student. For the story “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet...” B. Vasiliev was awarded the State USSR Prize, and for the script “The Quiet Dawns...” - the Lenin Komsomol Prize.

3) 2nd student

The story is set in May 1942. The location is the unknown 171st crossing. Soldiers of an anti-aircraft machine-gun battalion are serving on a quiet patrol. These are fighters - girls. Chasing enemy saboteurs in the forest, the girls, led by Vaskov, enter into an unequal battle with the fascists: six against sixteen. There were only five girls: Margarita Osyanina, Evgenia Komelkova, Elizaveta Brichkina, Galina Chetvertak, Sonya Gurvich.

1st student. “And the Germans wounded her blindly, through the foliage, and she could have hidden, waited, and maybe left. But she shot while there were cartridges. She shot while lying down, no longer trying to run away, because her strength was gone along with her blood. She could hide, wait, and maybe leave. And she didn’t hide, and she didn’t leave...”

Zhenya Komelkova is one of the brightest, strongest and most courageous representatives of the female fighters shown in the story. Both the most comic and the most dramatic scenes are associated with Zhenya in the story. Her goodwill, optimism, cheerfulness, self-confidence, and irreconcilable hatred of her enemies involuntarily attract attention to her and arouse admiration. In order to deceive the German saboteurs and force them to take a long road around the river, a small detachment of girl fighters made a noise in the forest, pretending to be lumberjacks. Zhenya Komelkova acted out a stunning scene of carelessly swimming in icy water in full view of the Germans, ten meters from enemy machine guns.

Here Zhenya “...stepped into the water and, screaming, began splashing noisily and cheerfully. The spray sparkled in the sun, rolled down the elastic warm body, and the commandant, not breathing, waited in horror for his turn. Now, now, Zhenya will hit and break, throw up his hands..."

Together with Vaskov, we see that Zhenya “smiles, and her eyes, wide open, are filled with horror, as if with tears. And this horror is alive and heavy, like mercury.”

In this episode, heroism, courage, and desperate courage were fully demonstrated.

In the last minutes of her life, Zhenya called fire on herself, just to ward off the threat from the seriously wounded Rita and Fedot Vaskov. She believed in herself, and, leading the Germans away from Osyanina, did not doubt for a moment that everything would end well.

And even when the first bullet hit her in the side, she was simply surprised. After all, it was so stupidly absurd and implausible to die at nineteen...

“And the Germans wounded her blindly, through the foliage, and she could have hidden, waited, and maybe left. But she shot while there were cartridges. She shot while lying down, no longer trying to run away, because her strength was gone along with her blood. And the Germans finished her off point-blank, and then looked at her proud and beautiful face for a long time after death...”

2nd student:

“Rita knew that her wound was fatal and that dying would be long and difficult. So far there was almost no pain, only the burning sensation in my stomach was getting stronger and I was thirsty. But it was impossible to drink, and Rita simply soaked a rag in the puddle and applied it to her lips.

Vaskov hid her under a spruce tree, threw branches at her and left...

Rita shot in the temple, and there was almost no blood.”

Courage, composure, humanity, and a high sense of duty to the Motherland distinguish the squad commander, junior sergeant Rita Osyanina. The author, considering the images of Rita and Fedot Vaskov to be central, already in the first chapters talks about past life Osyanina. School evening, meeting Lieutenant Border Guard Osyanin, lively correspondence, registry office. Then - the border outpost. Rita learned to bandage the wounded and shoot, ride a horse, throw grenades and protect herself from gases, the birth of her son, and then... the war. And in the first days of the war she was not at a loss - she saved other people’s children, and soon found out that her husband had died at the outpost on the second day of the war in a counterattack.

More than once they wanted to send her to the rear, but every time she appeared again at the headquarters of the fortified area, finally she was hired as a nurse, and six months later she was sent to study at a tank anti-aircraft school.

Zhenya learned to quietly and mercilessly hate her enemies. At the position, she shot down a German balloon and an ejected spotter.

When Vaskov and the girls counted the fascists emerging from the bushes - sixteen instead of the expected two, the foreman said to everyone in a homely manner: “It’s bad, girls, it’s going to happen.”

It was clear to him that they couldn’t hold out for long against heavily armed enemies, but then Rita’s firm response: “Well, should we watch them pass by?” - obviously, greatly strengthened Vaskov in her decision. Twice Osyanina rescued Vaskov, taking the fire upon herself, and now, having received a mortal wound and knowing the position of the wounded Vaskov, she does not want to be a burden to him, she understands how important it is to bring their common cause to the end, to detain the fascist saboteurs.

“Rita knew that the wound was fatal, that she would die long and difficult”

3rd student.

- “Were the Germans waiting for Sonya or did she accidentally run into them? She ran without fear along the path she had traveled twice, in a hurry to bring him, Sergeant Major Vaskov, that thrice-cursed shag. She ran, rejoiced and did not have time to understand where the sweaty weight fell on her fragile shoulders, why her heart suddenly burst with a piercing bright pain...

No, I made it. And she managed to understand and scream, because she didn’t reach the knife to her heart with the first blow: her chest was in the way. Or maybe it wasn't like that? Maybe they were waiting for her?

Sonya Gurvich – “translator”, one of the girls in Vaskov’s group, a “city” girl; as thin as a spring rook.”

The author, talking about Sonya's past life, emphasizes her talent, love for poetry and theater. Boris Vasiliev remembers." The percentage of intelligent girls and students at the front was very large. Most often - freshmen. For them, the war was the most terrible thing... Somewhere among them, my Sonya Gurvich fought.”

And so, wanting to do something nice, like an older, experienced and caring comrade, the foreman, Sonya rushes for a pouch that he had forgotten on a stump in the forest, and dies from a blow from an enemy knife in the chest.

“I ran, rejoiced, and did not have time to understand where the sweaty weight fell on my fragile shoulders, why my heart suddenly exploded with a piercing bright pain. No, I made it. And she managed to understand and scream, because she didn’t reach the knife to her heart with the first blow: her chest got in the way.”

4th student.

- “The Germans walked silently, bending down and holding out their machine guns.

The bushes made a noise, and Galya suddenly ran out of them. Bent over, clasping her hands behind her head, she rushed across the clearing in front of the saboteurs, no longer seeing or thinking anything.

The machine gun struck briefly. From a dozen steps he hit her on her thin back, strained by running, and Galya plunged face first into the ground, never removing her hands from her head, clasped in horror. Her last cry was lost in a gurgling wheeze, and her legs were still running, still beating, piercing the toes of Sonya’s boots into the moss. Everything in the clearing froze..."

Galina Chetvertak is an orphan, a pupil of an orphanage, a dreamer, endowed by nature with a vivid imaginative imagination. Skinny, little "snotty" Galka did not fit the army standards either in height or age.

When, after the death of her friend, Galka was ordered by the foreman to put on her boots, “she physically, to the point of nausea, felt a knife penetrating the tissue, heard the crunch of torn flesh, felt the heavy smell of blood. And this gave birth to a dull, cast-iron horror...” And enemies lurked nearby, mortal danger loomed.

“The reality that women faced in the war,” says the writer, “was much more difficult than anything they could come up with in the most desperate time of their fantasies. The tragedy of Gali Chetvertak is about this.”

The machine gun struck briefly. With a dozen steps, he hit her thin back, strained by running, and Galya plunged face first into the ground, never removing her hands from her head, clasped in horror.

Everything in the clearing froze.”

5th student.

“Just a step to the side, and my legs immediately lost support, hung somewhere in an unsteady void, and the swamp squeezed my hips like a soft vice. The long-simmering horror suddenly splashed out at once, sending a sharp pain through my heart. Trying to hold on and climb out onto the path, Lisa leaned all her weight onto the pole. The dry pole crunched loudly, and Lisa fell face down into the cold liquid mud. There was no land. Her legs were slowly, terribly slowly dragged down, her arms rowed the swamp uselessly, and Lisa, gasping for breath, wriggled in the liquid mass. And the path was somewhere nearby: a step, half a step, but these half steps were no longer possible to take..."

Teacher. Girls almost your age died. “I wanted to talk about the experiences of today's nineteen-year-olds. Tell them in such a way that they themselves seem to have walked the roads of war, so that the dead girls seem close and understandable to them - their contemporaries. And at the same time - girls of the thirties,” - this is how the writer addresses his young readers. Guys, can the death of each of the girls be called heroic?

2nd student. The death of all the girls shocked us all, our hearts sank for each one. Each of them could live, raise children, and bring joy to people. They, women, destined by nature itself to give and continue life on Earth, gentle and fragile, enter into a merciless battle with cruel invaders. They, women, without demanding any discounts for themselves and without thinking about them, do everything to stop the enemy. And for this they do not spare their lives.

Teacher. Why do all the girls in the story die?

3rd student. At one of the readers’ conferences, B. Vasiliev said: we must keep in mind that we're talking about about the German paratroopers, who had not yet surrendered. To stop them, it was necessary to pay with the lives of Soviet people. And here against them there is only one foreman and five inexperienced girls. But these girls knew perfectly well what they were giving their lives for.

Vaskov knew one thing in this battle: not to retreat. Don’t give up a single piece of land on this coast to the Germans. No matter how hard it is, no matter how hopeless it is, to hold on.

“...And he had such a feeling, as if all of Russia had come together behind his back, it was he, Fedot Evgrafovich Vaskov, who was now her last son and protector. And there was no one else in the whole world: only he, the enemy and Russia” (Reads the excerpt “What, they took it?...They took it, right? Five girls, there were five girls in total, only five!...And - you didn’t pass, you didn’t pass anywhere and you’ll die here, you’ll all die!...I’ll kill everyone personally, personally..."

The heart of the seasoned fighter, hero-patriot F. Vaskov fills with pain, hatred and brightness, and this strengthens his strength and gives him the opportunity to survive. A single feat - the defense of the Motherland - equates Sergeant Major Vaskov and the five girls who “hold their front, their Russia” on the Sinyukhin Ridge.

This is how another motive of the story arises: everyone on his own sector of the front must do the possible and the impossible for victory, so that the dawns are quiet.

3. Teacher's generalization. It is impossible to overestimate the educational value of literature about war Best works Soviet writers force students to comprehend the greatness and beauty of patriotism, to think about the bloody price that was given for every inch of their native land, to comprehend “at what price the happiness of victory was won and peace was gained.

This short story cannot leave either adults or teenagers indifferent. For all tragic fate young girls who gave their lives for their Motherland, for victory in a brutal battle against fascism, personify the cost at which our people achieved victory.

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Introduction

Conclusion

Introduction

The events of the Great Patriotic War are moving further and further into the past. But the years do not erase them in our memory. The historical situation itself inspired great feats of the human spirit. The authors of books about the war explored military everyday life, accurately depicted battles, they also spoke about the courage of their native land, the pricelessness human life, how ordinary people, having a conscience and a sense of duty to the Motherland, sacrificed themselves. One of these writers is Boris Lvovich Vasiliev.

At seventeen he volunteered to go to the front. In 1943, after a shell shock, he entered the military-technical academy of armored and mechanized forces. After graduating in 1948, he worked as a combat vehicle test engineer. In 1954 he left the army and took up professional literary activity. B.L. Vasiliev began publishing his works in 1954. His 1969 story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” brought him fame. More than 15 films have been made based on books and scripts by Boris Vasiliev.

War, as depicted by front-line prose writers, is not so much heroic deeds, outstanding deeds, but tedious, hard and bloody work, vital, and victory depended on how everyone in their place performed it.

The essence of war contradicts human nature, and especially female nature. There has never been a single war in the world that was started by women; their participation in a war has never been considered normal and natural. Women in war are an inexhaustible topic. It is this motif that runs through Boris Vasiliev’s story “And the dawns here are quiet...”

The purpose of this work is to determine artistic originality works by B.L. Vasiliev “And the dawns here are quiet...”. To achieve it, it is necessary to solve the following problems:

Study literature related to this topic;

Identify the means by which images are created;

Reveal genre features works.

The topic under study is relevant due to the necessary attitude to this issue. Readers are showing interest in this type of literature. It is important to understand the significance of this topic as a literary unit in the general cultural process. The novelty of this work is due to insufficient research into the work of B.L. Vasiliev. The object of the work is the story “And the dawns here are quiet...”. The subject of the work will be the artistic originality of the story.

1. The plot and system of images of the story “And the dawns here are quiet...”

Vasiliev's story artistic genre

"War has no woman's face"- this has been the thesis for many centuries. Very capable of surviving the horror of war strong people, therefore it is customary to consider war a man's business. But the tragedy, the cruelty of war lies in the fact that along with the men, women also stand up and go to kill and die.

Five completely different girlish characters, five different destinies. The female anti-aircraft gunners go on reconnaissance under the command of Sergeant Major Vaskov, who is used to living according to the rules. Despite the horrors of war, he retained the best human qualities. He realizes his guilt before them for not being able to save the girls. The death of five girls leaves deep wound in the heart of the elder, he cannot find an excuse for her even in his soul. In the sorrow of this common man contains the highest humanism.

The behavior of the girls is also a feat, because they are completely unsuited to military conditions.

According to the author, the story is based on a real episode during the war, when seven soldiers, after being wounded, serving at one of the junction stations of the Adler-Sakhalin railway, did not allow a German sabotage group to blow up railway in this area. After the battle, only the sergeant, the commander of a group of Soviet soldiers, survived, and after the war he was awarded the medal “For Military Merit.” “And I thought: this is it! A situation when a person himself, without any order, decides: I won’t let you in! They have nothing to do here! I started working on this plot and have already written about seven pages. And suddenly I realized that nothing would work. This will simply be a special case in war. There was nothing fundamentally new in this plot. Work stopped. And then suddenly it came up - let my hero have young girls under his command, not men. And that’s it - the story was immediately built up. Women have the hardest time in war. There were 300 thousand of them at the front! And then no one wrote about them"

The narration is conducted on behalf of Vaskov. The whole story is based on his memories. And this plays an important role in the ideological and artistic perception of the story. It was written by a man who went through the whole war, so it is all believable. The author devotes it to the moral problem of the formation and transformation of the character and psyche of an individual in war conditions. The painful topic of war is illustrated by the example of the heroes of the story. Each of them has his own attitude to the war, his own motives for fighting the fascists. And it is these young girls who will have to prove themselves in war conditions. Each Vasiliev character has its own flavor and its own range of feelings. The events that take place make you empathize with each character. As they said during the war, there is one life and one death. And all the girls can equally be called true heroines of war.

For a more complete disclosure of images, Vasiliev uses the following artistic device like a retrospective. A retrospective review is a return to the past. The technique of retrospection in fiction (inclusion of past events in the narrative).

It is from the memories of the heroes of the story that we learn more about their life before the war, their social relevance and characters. The heroines of this story are very different. Each of them is unique, has an inimitable character and a unique destiny, broken by the war. What these girls have in common is that they live for the same goal. This goal is to protect the Motherland, protect their families, protect loved ones. And to do this it is necessary to destroy the enemy. For some, destroying the enemy means fulfilling their duty, avenging the death of their loved ones.

Let's look at each character separately. Let's start with commandant Fedot Efgrafovich Vaskov. In this character we see a lonely person for whom there is nothing left in life except the regulations, orders of his superiors and the department entrusted to him. The war took everything away. He lived strictly according to the rules and imposed this rule on everyone around him. In the life of the commandant, everything changed with the advent of the sent anti-aircraft gunners. In addition to their pleasant appearance, the new arrivals were also sharp-tongued. Despite the noticeable rudeness, Vaskov shows concern for all five anti-aircraft gunners. The image of Vaskov experiences a rebirth throughout the story. But not only the foreman himself is the reason for this. The girls also contributed a considerable share, each in their own way. Fedot Efgrafovich is having a hard time experiencing the death of the girls. He became mentally attached to each of them, each of the deaths left a scar on his heart. Vaskov’s arm was shot, but his heart hurt many times more. He felt guilty for the death of each of the girls. Without losing the pouch, he might have avoided the death of Sonya Gurvich; Without sending Lisa Brichkina on an empty stomach and more convincingly forcing her to rest on an island in the swamp, her death could also have been avoided. But was it possible to know all this in advance? You won't bring anyone back. And Rita Osyanina’s last request became a real order, which Vaskov simply did not dare to disobey. There is a moment in the story when Vaskov, together with Rita’s son, lays flowers on a memorial plaque with the names of all five female anti-aircraft gunners. The thirst for revenge ruled Vaskov’s consciousness after the death of Rita Osyanina, who asked to take her little son to her. Vaskov will subsequently replace his father.

The story of Elizaveta Brichkina, who suffered an absurd, but terrible and painful death, is complex. Lisa is a silent, somewhat withdrawn girl. In the story, Lisa is a dreamy and calm, but at the same time serious girl. She lived with her parents on a cordon in the forest. Filled with a sense of hope for happiness and anticipation of a bright future, she walked through life. She always remembered her parents’ parting words and promises of a happy “tomorrow.” Once in the detachment of anti-aircraft gunners, Lisa was calm and restrained. She liked Vaskov. Lisa, without hesitation, asked to join the squad to search for German saboteurs. Vaskov agreed. Throughout the journey, Lisa attracted Vaskov’s attention more and more. He told her: “You take note of everything, Lizaveta, you are our forest man...” (178). Realizing the danger of the situation, when instead of two saboteurs sixteen appeared on the horizon, Vaskov immediately knew who he would send for help. Lisa was in a hurry. She wanted to bring help as soon as possible. All the way she thought about the words of Fedot Evgrafovich and warmed herself with the thought that they would definitely carry out the order and sing. Walking through the swamp, Lisa experienced incredible fear. And this is understandable, because then, when she walked along with everyone, they would definitely have helped her if anything happened, but now she is alone, in a dead, deaf swamp, where there is not a single living soul who could help her. But Vaskov’s words and the proximity of the “cherished stump” (201), which was a landmark for Lisa, and therefore solid ground under her feet, warmed Lisa’s soul and lifted her spirits. But the author decides to take a tragic turn of events. Attempts to get out and heart-rending cries for help are in vain. And at the moment when the last moment in Lisa’s life has come, the sun appears as a promise of happiness and a symbol of hope. Everyone knows the saying: hope dies last. This is what happened to Lisa. “Lisa saw this beautiful blue sky for a long time. Wheezing, she spat out dirt and reached out, reached out to him, reached out and believed... And until the last moment she believed that this would happen tomorrow for her too...” (202)

The death of Sonya Gurvich was unnecessary; she, trying to do a good deed, dies from an enemy blade. A student preparing for the summer session is forced to fight the German occupiers. She and her parents were of the Jewish nation. Sonya got into the group that Vaskov recruited because she knew German. Like Brichkina, Sonya was quiet. She also loved poetry and often read them out loud, either to herself or to her friends.

Vaskov dropped his memorable tobacco pouch. Sonya understood his feelings about the loss and decided to help him. Remembering where she had seen this pouch, Sonya ran in search of it. Vaskov ordered her to return in a whisper, but Sonya no longer heard him. The German soldier who grabbed her plunged a knife into her chest. Having decided to do a good deed for her boss, Sonya Gurvich passed away.

Sonya's death was the first loss of the detachment. That is why everyone, especially Vaskov, took it very seriously. Vaskov blamed himself for her death. But nothing could be done. She was buried, and Vaskov removed the buttonholes from her jacket. He will subsequently remove the same buttonholes from all the jackets of the dead girls.

The following three characters can be viewed simultaneously. These are the images of Rita Osyanina (maiden name Mushtakova), Zhenya Komelkova and Galya Chetvertak. These three girls always stayed together. Young Zhenya was incredibly pretty. “Laughter” had a difficult life story. Before her eyes, her whole family was killed, her loved one died, so she had her own personal scores to settle with the Germans. She and Sonya came to Vaskov’s disposal a little later than the others, but nevertheless they immediately joined the team. She also did not immediately develop a friendship with Rita, but after a sincere conversation, both girls saw in themselves good friends. Zhenya, with the last bullets, began to lead the Germans away from her wounded friend, giving Vaskov time to help Rita. Zhenya accepted a heroic death. She wasn't afraid to die. Her last words meant that by killing one soldier, even a girl, they would not kill the whole Soviet Union. Zhenya literally cursed before her death, laying out everything that hurt her.

They also did not immediately accept homely Galya into their “company”. Galya showed herself as good man who will not betray and will give the last piece of bread to his comrade. Having managed to keep Rita's secret, Galya became one of them.

Young Galya lived in an orphanage. She got to the front by deception, lying about her age. Galya was very timid. WITH early childhood deprived of maternal warmth and care. She made up stories about her mother, believing that she was not an orphan, that her mother would come back and take her. Everyone laughed at these stories, and unfortunate Galya tried to come up with other stories to amuse others.

Gali's death can be called stupid. Succumbing to fright, she breaks away and runs screaming. A German bullet instantly overtakes her, Galya dies.

During her nineteen years, Rita Osyanina managed to be married and give birth to a son. Her husband died in the first days of the war, but she did not know about this and was waiting for him all the time. Rita herself became an anti-aircraft gunner, wanting to avenge her husband. Rita began to run away to the city at night to visit her son and sick mother, returning in the morning. One day that same morning, Rita came across saboteurs.

The death of Rita Osyanina is psychologically the most difficult moment of the story. B. Vasiliev very accurately conveys the state of a young twenty-year-old girl, perfectly aware that her wound is fatal and that nothing awaits her except torment. But at the same time she was only concerned with one thought: she was thinking about little son, realizing that her timid, sickly mother is unlikely to be able to raise her grandson. The strength of Fedot Vaskov is that he knows how to find the most accurate words at the right moment, so you can trust him. And when he says: “Don’t worry, Rita, I understood everything” (243), it becomes clear that he will really never abandon little Alik Osyanin, but will most likely adopt him and raise him as an honest man. The description of Rita Osyanina's death in the story takes only a few lines. At first a shot sounded quietly. “Rita shot in the temple, and there was almost no blood. Blue specks of powder thickly surrounded the bullet hole, and for some reason Vaskov looked at them for a particularly long time. Then he took Rita aside and began to dig a hole in the place where she had been lying before.”(243)

The tragedy and absurdity of what is happening is emphasized by the fabulous beauty of the Legontov monastery, located next to the lake. And here, amid death and blood, “there was a grave silence, there was already a ringing in my ears.” War is an unnatural phenomenon. War becomes doubly terrible when women die, because it is then, according to B. Vasiliev, that “the threads break” (214). The future, fortunately, turns out to be not only “eternal”, but also grateful. It is no coincidence that in the epilogue, a student who came to relax on Lake Legontovo wrote in a letter to a friend: “It turns out that they fought here, old man. We fought when we were not yet in the world... We found the grave - it is behind the river, in the forest... And the dawns here are quiet, I only saw it today. And pure, pure, like tears...” (246) In B. Vasiliev’s story, the world triumphs. The girls’ feat has not been forgotten; their memory will be an eternal reminder that “war does not have a woman’s face.”

B.L. Vasiliev in his story “And the dawns here are quiet...” created figurative system characters. The image of the main character, Sergeant Major Vaskov, is revealed when interacting with the heroines of the story. These comparisons show inner world heroes.

2. Artistic originality of the story

By genre definition, “The Dawns Here Are Quiet...” is a story. Most often, this is the story of one human life, which inevitably comes into contact with the destinies of other people, told on behalf of the author or the hero himself. We learn the life of the main character from his own memories, which were brought to him by “thoughts” after the arrival of young anti-aircraft gunners at his disposal. The author describes Vaskov's life in few words, indicating only certain life events. Fedot Efgrafovich lost his father early. I was forced to go to work after finishing only the 4th grade of school. Despite all the hardships, he “persisted.” He got married and went to fight in Finland. Vaskov considered his life calm, here at the 171st crossing. But everything changed with the new arrival: “Foreman Vaskov lived a peaceful life. Almost to this day it is calm. And now... The foreman sighed.”(148). Having met young anti-aircraft gunners in his life, watching them and realizing that their place was not in the war, Fedot Efgrafovich became more sentimental. Only once did Vaskov remember something tender, kind and happy from childhood. More precisely, I dreamed. And this was connected with the image of the mother, “and it seemed that she was lying on the stove... and I saw my mother: nimble, small, who had been sleeping in fits and starts for many years, in some pieces, as if stealing them from her peasant life” (176)

In his story, Boris Lvovich often uses the adversative conjunctions “a” and “but”. Even the title of the story begins with “a”. This makes us understand that the work will talk about something that contradicts the quiet summer dawns. “And the dawns here are quiet, quiet...” are repeated several times in the text. This is how chapter 3 begins, which describes Rita’s nightly return. It was on this night that she saw the saboteurs, which was the reason for the group’s campaign at Vaskov’s disposal. The next time we can see this combination is when the heroes spend the night in the forest, “the evening is damp here, and the dawns are quiet, and therefore can be heard as far as five miles away” (178). By this phrase we can judge all the tension building up the atmosphere. We understand that the fatal outcome of events is not far off. The story ends with the words from the student’s letter “And the dawns here are quiet, quiet, I just saw it now...” (246). From them we understand how they could fight amid such calm. How unnatural it is to violate the harmony created by nature itself through cruel and barbaric acts.

There is something disgusting in the fates of each of the heroines. Before the war, they all dreamed, lived, loved... but the war came. And they, completely different, by the will of fate ended up here at the 171st junction. On the other hand, the use of the conjunction “a” gives us the opportunity to examine in detail the fate of the heroes. The author, masterfully using this technique, shows the inner experiences of the characters in the smallest possible passage of text. This is especially clearly seen in the scene after the girls are bathing in front of the saboteurs using the example of Zhenya Komelkova: “Zhenya pulled his hand, he sat down next to him and suddenly saw that she was smiling, and her eyes, wide open, were full of horror, as if with tears, and this horror was alive and heavy as mercury.”(193)

At the same time, B. Vasiliev uses “a” as a particle, with the help of which tragedy and awareness of inevitability are enhanced. The author, using this dependent part of speech, artificially intensifies any situation, focusing the reader’s attention on it. Thus, for example, the pre-war life of Rita Osyanina is described: “Rita was not one of the lively ones... She and Lieutenant Osyanin just happened to be nearby... And then the school entertainers organized a game... And then there was a general phantom... And then they stood at the window. And then... Yes, then he went to see her off.” (148) Here, as it were, the author shows us the systematic, everyday course of Rita’s pre-war life, and with her many other girls similar to her. And it becomes clear that these girls had to face the terrible reality of war. “And that shore was silent.” (192), “and time passed...” (218), “and help didn’t come and didn’t come” (221) - this is how the author conveys the painful and long wait for the outcome of this story, the heroes’ hopes for salvation .

Special role in the system artistic expression B.L. Vasiliev gives portraits of his heroes. Portrait is a description of a character’s appearance that plays a certain role in his characterization; one of the means of creating an image. Typically, a portrait illustrates those aspects of the hero’s nature that seem especially important to the author. He describes the girls through the eyes of Sergeant Major Vaskov, an inveterate warrior who lived his whole life “according to the rules.” We understand how tenderly and touchingly the author himself treats the anti-aircraft gunners. From Vaskov’s thoughts we can see that the girls are not ready to fight, they are not created for war, since “the boots are on thin stockings” (162) and “foot wraps are wrapped like scarves” (162), and this “guard” was sent (162): “the rifles almost drag on the ground” (162). The author gives a special place to such a portrait feature as eyes, and uses various epithets. The eyes reflect the hero’s inner world, his spirituality and determine his character. So Komelkova, on the one hand, has “childish eyes: green, round, like saucers” (151), and on the other, “dangerous eyes, like whirlpools” (177), “incredibly powerful eyes, like a one hundred and fifty-two-millimeter howitzer gun” (177) . If the first definition belongs to the girls when they met Zhenya even before arriving at the 171st crossing, then the other two are Vaskov’s notes at the moment of danger. The author shows how the eyes of the same person change in different periods life. You can see how a young girl becomes a woman, and then in a moment of danger she becomes a deadly weapon. And this is confirmed when she deals with the German who killed Sonya Gurvich, “and here a woman beat a living head with a rifle butt, a woman, a future mother, in whom the very nature of hatred for murder is inherent” (212). You can also judge Evgeniy by his eyes as a desperate person, with an open soul and unfading spirit. The whole family was shot before her eyes. Zhenya remained alive thanks to an Estonian woman who hid her. But, despite all the ups and downs of life, Evgenia Komelkova always remained sociable and mischievous.

The image of Gali Chetvertak is interesting “and her eyes are sad, like those of a chick: they will blame anyone” (179). She grew up in an orphanage, but did not want to admit it. Galya constantly lived in a world she had invented, was constantly in dreams, the other girls supported her without exposing her friend in a lie. Only once did Rita sharply say that they knew the whole truth about Galya. It was at the time of Sonya’s funeral, and Galya “burst into tears. Bitterly, resentfully - as if a child’s toy had been broken…” (215). B. Vasiliev shows how naive and sensitive Galya Chetvertak was as a child. How she wanted to be happy, to have her own home and people close to her. She saw life at the front as somehow romantic and interesting, which is why she was so eager to go there. But little Galya was not immediately taken to the front; she did not despair and resolutely walked towards her goal. But once on the 171st patrol, on this campaign, having seen the first deaths, she realizes this reality and does not want to accept it “she has always lived in an imaginary world more actively than in the real one, and now she would like to forget everything, erase it from her memory, she wanted - and I couldn’t. And this gave birth to a dull, cast-iron horror, and she walked under the yoke of this horror, no longer understanding anything” (222).

The author actively uses all kinds of means of expression in his prose. One of them is artistic detail(French detail - part, detail) - a particularly significant, highlighted element artistic image, expressive detail in the work, carrying a significant semantic and ideological-emotional load. A detail is capable of conveying the maximum amount of information with the help of a small amount of text; with the help of a detail in one or a few words you can get the most vivid idea of the character (his appearance or psychology), the interior, the setting. Thus, in the story, Vasiliev uses costume to reveal the characters’ characters. The suit is the thinnest, most accurate and unmistakable indicator distinctive features society, a small particle of a person, lifestyle, thoughts, activities, professions. “He lived tied with a belt. Tightened to the very last hole.” This is how the author writes about Rita Osyanina. And immediately a person appears who is strict with himself and those around him. That's how it turns out. Rita, having lost her husband, went to the front to take revenge “and she learned to hate quietly and mercilessly” (150). There is a sense of emotional restraint in her, she even gets angry when others are having fun, because she considers her friends to be “green” (150), who have not yet seen anything in life.

Evgenia Komelkova has a completely different character. Zhenya is always in a welcoming mood, she is open-hearted and very optimistic. “Beautiful lingerie was Zhenya’s weakness. Young, light, flirtatious..."

From the description of Sonya Gurvich, it is immediately clear that she is modest, shy, grew up in a family of intellectuals, “wore dresses altered from her sisters’ dresses. Long and heavy, like chain mail... She didn’t wear it for long, though: only a year. And then I put on my uniform. And the boots are two sizes too big” (206). By this, the author shows that Sonya is not at all ready to fight. This is emphasized by the way Vaskov perceives her. His attitude towards Sonya can be read in the lines: “Oh, you little sparrow, can you bear the grief on your hump?”

In his story, B. Vasiliev, describing the heroines, shows his reverent attitude towards them, respect and pities each of them. The author’s attitude to the image of the enemy is completely different. He's not verbose here. Vasiliev’s enemy is impersonal, and therefore soulless, just “gray-green figures” (183), “...saving himself, his skin is fascist. He doesn’t care about the dying man, about the order, about his friends... Yes, the Fritz turned out to be no hero when death looked into his eyes. Not a hero at all...” (233). The state during the battle of the girls who were not afraid to die is described in a completely different way: “if they beat you, it means they are alive. This means they are holding their front, their Russia. They hold it!..” (237). All these words are imbued with the author’s sense of pride and love, both for his heroes and for his homeland. Reading these lines, you can imagine how much you need to have internal forces so that, overcoming the fear of death, to protect yourself and your loved ones.

“Behind the pine forest lay the mossy, gently sloping shore of Lake Legontov, covered in boulders. The forest began, retreating from it, on a hillock, and a gnarled birch forest and rare round dances of fir trees led to it” (203). This is how Vaskov saw the place where the saboteurs were, where the female anti-aircraft gunners were destined to die. The fog “helped” (227) the heroes hide from saboteurs in the evenings, while “it’s damp here in the evening, and the dawns are quiet, and therefore can be heard as far as five miles away” (178). The annoying mosquitoes that constantly annoyed Vaskov in ambush “ate mosquitoes, drank blood, and he was afraid to even blink” (232). The description of nature enhances the emotional intensity of both the characters and the reader. The picture of a cold spring forest is vividly imagined. A particularly vivid description of the swamp is when Liza Brichkina dies: “An eerie lonely cry rang for a long time over the indifferent rusty swamp.”

The author uses elements of sentimentalism. The hero in sentimentalism is more individualized, his inner world is enriched by the ability to empathize and sensitively respond to what is happening around him. The landscape in the works receives an emotional characteristic - it is not just a dispassionate background against which events unfold, but a piece of living nature, as if rediscovered by the author, felt by him, perceived not by the mind, not by the eyes, but by the heart.

Conclusion

Working in the traditions of Russian military prose, Vasiliev enriched the theme with new plot collisions, for the first time introducing his front-line heroes into the framework of historical time, showed the dialectical unity of Time and Space, thus expanding the scope of the problematic. The author was perhaps the first, using elements of sentimentalism and romanticism in the literature of the late 20th century, to achieve the effect of catharsis, when, cleansing himself with tears, indignant in many respects at the unexpected death of the hero, earnestly grieving for him, the reader ultimately comes to the idea that good is indestructible , A good people still the majority.

The temporal space of Vasiliev’s prose often organizes cause-and-effect and psychological connection events, forming a complex interweaving of them. The writer purposefully expresses the continuity of the chain of time layers in a person’s fate, the relationship between the macro- and microworlds, shows and explains both the personality in time and the time in it. Through the artistic “autobiographical space” the author captures the swiftness and depth of the events taking place, the dialectic of feelings, the internal experiences of the characters, their spiritual and moral insight. The author's time is an effective form of expression of the internal concept and artistic and aesthetic position.

B.L. Vasiliev, with the help of a variety of artistic means, through the system of images he created in his story “And the dawns here are quiet...” showed the influence of the tragedy of war on human destiny. Inhumanity and unnaturalness are emphasized by the image quiet dawns, symbolizing eternity and beauty in the land where thin threads are torn women's lives“I laid you down, I laid all five of you...” (242). Vasiliev “kills” the girls to show the impossibility of women’s existence in war conditions. Women in war perform feats, lead the attack, save the wounded from death, sacrificing own life. They don't think about themselves when saving others. To protect their homeland and avenge their loved ones, they are ready to give last strength. “And the Germans wounded her blindly, through the foliage, and she could have hidden, waited and, perhaps, left. But she shot while there were cartridges. She shot while lying down, no longer trying to run away, because her strength was gone along with her blood” (241).

Each of these girls “could give birth to children, and they would have grandchildren and great-grandchildren, but now this thread will not exist. A small thread in the endless yarn of humanity, cut with a knife” (214). This is the tragedy of a woman’s fate in war.

B.L. Vasilyev, recalling his first years at the front, said in an interview with the newspaper “World of News”: “In the morning we were woken up by a deafening roar, the city was burning... we rushed to the forest, four of the nine guys ran up... they started bombing and shooting people. I saw a picture that continues to torment me in nightmares even today: women and children pressed to the ground, digging it with their hands, trying to hide...” Don’t these words reflect the attitude of a front-line writer, and even just a person, to the entire monstrous essence of war? We need to know at what price our happiness was won. To know and remember those girls from Boris Vasiliev’s story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet...” who looked death in the eye, defending their Motherland.

Many generations, reading this story by Vasiliev, will remember the heroic struggle of Russian women in this war, and will feel pain. B. Vasiliev’s story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet...” has been translated into 26 languages of the world, which indicates high reader interest. The feat of those who fought and defeated fascism is immortal. The memory of their feat will live forever in hearts and literature.

List of used literature

1. Vasiliev B. And the dawns here are quiet... - M.: Eksmo, 2011.

3. B. Vasiliev. To be remembered // World of News, 2003.- 14 (1005)

4. Bakhtin M. M. Questions of literature and aesthetics. M., 1975

5. Bakhtin M. M. Tetralogy. M., 1998

6. Belaya G. A. Artistic world modern prose. M., 1983

7. Guralnik 3. Poetics of military prose by B. Vasiliev in the historical and literary context of the 60s-70s. --Thesis. --L., 1990. -- P. 19.

8. Polyakov M. Rhetoric and literature. Theoretical aspects. - In the book: Questions of poetics and artistic semantics. - M.: Sov. writer, 1978.

9. Timofeev L.I. and Turaev S.V. Brief dictionary literary terms. A manual for secondary school students.-M.: Education, 1978.

10. Small academic dictionary. -- M.: Institute of Russian Language of the USSR Academy of Sciences Evgenieva A. P. 1957--1984

11. Literary criticism: Reference materials. - M., 1988.

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The theme of the work is that the dawns here are quiet. “And the dawns here are quiet” (Essay in the form of a review)

Five different characters: analysis

Further developments

Death of Heroines

Sergeant Major Vaskov

Conclusion

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