The lesson of fathers and children in Russian criticism. Presentation on literature on the theme "The novel by IS Turgenev" Fathers and Sons "in Russian criticism" free download. Evgeny Vasilievich Bazarov - a new type of literary hero
DI Pisarev wrote that “the whole interest, the whole meaning of the novel lies in the death of Bazarov ... The description of Bazarov’s death is the best place in Turgenev’s novel; I doubt even that in all the works of our artist there is something wonderful "
After the publication of Fathers and Sons, IS Turgenev wanted to leave his literary activity forever and even said goodbye to the readers in the novel Enough. Fathers and Sons made a splash in a way the author did not expect. With bewilderment and bitterness, he stopped before the "chaos of conflicting judgments" (Yu. V. Lebedev) In a letter to A. A. Fet, Turgenev remarked perplexedly: "Did I want to curse Bazarov or extol him?" I do not know this myself, for I do not already know whether I love him or hate him! "
1. What are the fundamental properties of the Bazarov type and how are they conditioned? Pisarev, with his characteristic aphoristic engraving, reveals the essence of the Bazarov type, which is generated by the harsh school of labor. It was labor that developed energy ... Pisarev explained Bazarov's rudeness and harshness by the fact that "from hard work, hands become coarse, manners coarse, feelings coarse"
What does the critic say about Turgenev's attitude to the Bazarov type in general? What does he think about the death of the hero in particular? For Turgenev, his hero stands "on the threshold of the future." Bazarov dies, and his lonely grave makes one think that the democrat Bazarov has no followers and followers. Pisarev seems to be in solidarity with Turgenev, as he believes that Bazarov "has no activity." But what if “there is no reason for him to live; so it is necessary to see how he will die. " The critic analyzes in detail the chapter on the illness and death of Bazarov, admires the hero, shows what gigantic forces and opportunities there are in this new type. "To die the way Bazarov died is the same as to accomplish a great feat."
What, according to DI Pisarev, governs Bazarov's actions? The reasons for vigorous activity, according to Pisarev, "personal whim or personal calculations." The critic, overlooking the revolutionary spirit of Bazarov, could not clearly explain what "personal calculations" meant. Pisarev also impoverished the concept of "personal whim" without filling it with revolutionary content.
How does Bazarov compare with the heroes of the previous era? DI Pisarev wrote about the attitude towards Bazarov and his predecessors in Russian literature: “... the Pechorins have will without knowledge, the Rudins have knowledge without will, the Bazarovs have - both knowledge and will, thought and deed merge into one solid whole ".
Express your agreement / disagreement with the opinion of M. A. Antonovich. Argument your answer. - "The new work of Mr. Turgenev is extremely unsatisfactory in artistic terms." - Turgenev "despises and hates his main character with all his heart", and "gives full priority to his fathers and tries to elevate them ..." - Bazarov "is completely lost, expresses nonsense and preaches absurdities." Pavel Petrovich "amazes Bazarov at every step." - Bazarov "hates everyone" ... "not a single feeling creeps into his cold heart."
NN Strakhov believed that Bazarov is an image of a person trying to subjugate the "forces of life" that gave birth to him and dominate over him. Therefore, the hero denies love, art, the beauty of nature - these are the forces of life that reconcile a person with the world around him. Bazarov hates reconciliation, he longs for a fight. Strakhov emphasizes the greatness of Bazarov. According to Strakhov, Turgenev's attitude towards fathers and children is the same. "This is the same measure, this common point of view for Turgenev is human life, in its broadest and fullest meaning."
# 1. Dmitry Pisarev "Bazarov" Indigenous properties of the Bazarov type
In Turgenev's novel ideas and aspirations
the younger generation were reflected as
the young generation itself understands them ...
It is curious to see how they act on
a person like Turgenev, ideas and
aspirations stirring in our young
generation and manifested, like all living things, in
a wide variety of forms, rarely
attractive, often original, sometimes
ugly.
This kind of research can be very
deep meaning.
The task of life, large and complex.
# 2. Dmitry Pisarev "Bazarov"
... to acknowledge their sincerity -decisively necessary. These people can
be honest and dishonest,
civilians and notorious
scammers, depending on
circumstances and personal tastes.
Bazarov goes everywhere and in everything
only the way he wants or how he
seems profitable and convenient. Them
driven only by personal whim or
personal calculations.
Bazarov and Onegin, Pechorin, Rudin,
Beltov is “smart people, not
getting along with those phenomena to
which without the slightest difficulty
the mass gets used to it. "
1st type: people who have not received
serious ... recoiling from the masses,
remain in empty space, not
knowing where to go, why live in the world,
than to disperse the melancholy.
No. 3. Dmitry Pisarev "Bazarov"
2nd type: people, smart and educated, they havecompiled its ideal. These people, for
lack of firmness, business stops
in words.
3rd type: they are aware of their dissimilarity with the masses and
boldly separate from her ... in every way
life. Will society follow them, before that they
no matter. Here the personality reaches full
self-liberation, full of singularity and
independence.
Conclusion: the Pechorins have a will without knowledge,
Rudinykh - knowledge without will; the Bazarovs also have
knowledge and will.
No. 4. Dmitry Pisarev "Bazarov"
Bazarov is a man of life, a man of action,but he will get down to business only then,
when he sees an opportunity to act
not mechanically.
When a man like Bazarov died, and
when by his heroic death ...
the sentence pronounced over the whole
direction of ideas, then is it worth
follow the fate of people like
Arcadia ..?
No. 5. Dmitry Pisarev "Bazarov"
Having studied the character of Bazarov, Turgenev understands that ... the hero“Will die like a hero who has nowhere to turn,
nothing to breathe, nowhere to put the gigantic strength, there is no one
to fall in love with strong love.
And there is no need for him to live, so he must see how he will be
die.
The whole interest, the whole point of the novel was in death
Bazarov.
... the meaning of the novel came out like this:
today's young people are carried away and fall into
extremes, but in my hobbies fresh
strength and incorruptible mind; this power and this mind without any
outside benefits and influences will lead young people
on a straight road and support them in life.
# 1. Maxim Antonovich "Asmodeus of our time"
Main character, representativeyoung generation, there is Evgeny Vasilievich
Bazarov, a medic, a young man, intelligent, diligent,
knowing his job, self-confident before
insolence,
but stupid, loving revelry and spirits,
imbued with the wildest concepts and
unreasonable to the point that its all
even simple peasants fool around.
“He has no heart at all; he is insensitive -
like a stone, cold - like ice and fierce - like
Tiger"
# 2. Maxim Antonovich "Asmodeus of our time"
These are the fathers! They, in contrastchildren, imbued with love and poetry, they
people are moral, modest and secret
doing good deeds; they don't want to
lag behind the century.
"High advantages of the old generation over
undoubtedly for the young "
"… younger generation! ... and what is the comparison with
smart, kind and moral "fathers" "
Some find that Bazarov himself is to blame for
their unhappy relationships with people, with
whom he met; others argue
that, on the contrary, these people are to blame for the fact that
It is so difficult for Bazarov to live in the world.
Bazarov has a new face, whose sharp
we saw the features for the first time.
... he portrayed in Bazarov not one of
representatives of the younger generation, but rather
the head of the circle, the product of our torn
from the life of literature (controversy
"Contemporary" and "Russian Word")
Nikolay Strakhov “I.S. Turgenev. Fathers and Sons"
Bazarov renounces the benefits of this world, but hemakes between these benefits a strict
difference.
“... he takes care not of what can destroy
the body, but that which destroys the soul "
Bazarov came out as a simple, alien person
every break, and together strong,
a mighty soul and body. Everything in it
unusually goes to his strong nature.
It is very remarkable that he is, so to speak, more
Russian than all the other faces of the novel.
Evgeny Vasilievich Bazarov - a new type of literary hero
I. Situation in Russia in the early to mid-19th century.II. New hero - new worldview.
1. Onegin - Pechorin - Oblomov - Bazarov:
a) the intellectual development of the heroes;
b) the goals of life, beliefs.
2. Bazarov is a socially useful hero:
a) love for work and sciences;
b) anxiety about the people.
3. "Russia needs me ... no, it doesn't need me .."
III. Russia's unwillingness to accept its hero.
"Song of Triumphant Love". Bazarov and Odintsov.
I. The theme of love in Russian literature of the XIX century.II. Lyubov Bazarov and Odintsova's feelings.
1. "This is all romanticism, nonsense" - the first
meeting of Bazarov and Odintsova.
2. Gradual changes in Bazarov:
a) nervousness of the state;
b) culmination - a declaration of love.
3. The attitude of Madame Odintsova to Bazarov.
III. In love, Bazarov is a winner.
"We say goodbye forever." Bazarov and Arkady.
I. The theme of friendship in the literature of the XIX century.II. Lead and follower.
1. The reasons for friendship.
2. "Soft liberal barich" (goal -
family) and Bazarov's ambitious goals.
3. Why the heroes "say goodbye forever".
III. Who is the larger person in this
friendship.
Two generations in Turgenev's novel.
I. The conflict of generations is an eternal confrontation.II. Fathers and Sons in a Novel.
1. Old men Kirsanov and Bazarov:
a) love for sons;
b) the desire "do not overgrow with moss."
c) a generation that has outlived its own.
2. Figures of science and progress:
a) striving to be useful to the country;
b) irony over the older generation;
c) Arkady's love for his father;
d) Bazarov's love for his parents (not a word, a deed).
3. Opinion of M. Antonovich on this issue.
III. Without fathers, there would be no children. / Interrelation of generations.
"Fight" Bazarov and Kirsanov in the novel.
I. XIX century - a time of changes in Russia (the emergencenew worldview).
II. Democrat and aristocrat in the novel.
1. Reception of antithesis and contrast:
a) appearance;
b) benefit to society (principles);
c) attitude towards the people.
2. The meaning of the duel scene in the novel.
3 Bazarov's moral victory.
III. Kirsanov's loss is the position of the author.
Essay Topics
1. Evgeny Vasilievich Bazarov -a new type of literary hero.
2. "Song of Triumphant Love".
Bazarov and Odintsov.
3. "We say goodbye forever." Bazarov
and Arkady.
4. Two generations in Turgenev's novel.
5. "Fight" Bazarov and Kirsanov in
novel.
Theme:
Goals:
subject: to reveal the position of critics about the novel by I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons", about the image of Yevgeny Bazarov;
metasubject: develop the ability to set goals, plan your actions, analyze the text of a critical article, compare the content of different components;
personal: consider an object or phenomenon from different sides, encourage students to express their own point of view through understanding the social and political position, creating a problematic situation; develop tolerance.
Equipment :
articles: DI. Pisarev "Bazarov (" Fathers and Sons ", novel by IS Turgenev"), 1862, M.A. Antonovich "Asmodeus of Our Time". 1862, A.I. Herzen "Once again Bazarov", 1868, M.N. Katkov "On our nihilism about Turgenev's novel", 1862;
presentation "The novel by IS Turgenev" Fathers and Sons "in Russian criticism of the 19th century"; video clip from Avdotya Smirnova's film "Fathers and Sons";
Placards for press conference participants:"Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev", "Contemporary" (on the back - "Nihilist"), "Bell" (on the back - "Liberal"), "Russian Bulletin" (on the back - "Conservator"), "Russian Word" (on the back - "Nihilist").
Appendix to the lesson:working map of the lesson, excerpts from critical articles.
During the classes
- Call.
A) Slide number 3. Lesson topic. The teacher announces the topic:"The novel by IS Turgenev" Fathers and Sons "in Russian criticism of the 19th century".
Goal setting.
- Comprehend the topic of the lesson, try to set your own lesson goals, fix them in the working card.
B) Comparison of theme and epigraph.
- As an epigraph to our lesson, we will take a video clip from Avdotya Smirnova's film "Fathers and Sons".
Slide number 4. Video fragment from the film "Fathers and Sons" by Avdotya Smirnova.
- How, from your point of view, does the epigraph relate to the topic of the lesson?
- To do this, fill in the first "Venn Diagram" in pairs.
- State the general position between the topic and the epigraph.
- Adjust your lesson objectives.
C) Slide number 5. The slide contains aphorisms from the comedy of A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit":1. “Who are the judges?”; 2. "You, the current ones, well - wea!"; 3. "They scold here and thank you there."
- In the lesson, the work will take place in three stages, each of which is entitled with an aphorism from the comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit". They are in no particular order on the slide.
Determine the order of comprehension of the topic of the lesson and, in accordance with the logic, arrange the aphorisms in the working card.
Give oral reasoning for your point of view.
Slide number 6 "Steps of the lesson"
Adjust your lesson objectives again.
II. Comprehension.
A) "They scold here and thank you there."Fragment of the press conference of the author of the novel "Fathers and Sons". (Participants of the press conference have plaques on their chest: Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev "," Contemporary "(on the back -" Nihilist ")," Bell "(on the back -" Liberal ")," Russian Bulletin "(on the back -" Conservator " ), "Russian word" (on the back - "Nihilist")).
- The contemporaries of I.S. Turgenev saw the main significance of the novel "Fathers and Sons" in the fact that the writer tried to comprehend the type of the Russian nihilist, first of all, in relation to the prevailing, generally accepted, dominant views. At the same time, representatives of various literary groups made a particularly careful delimitation of their personal and social programs. The split occurred not only between the main antagonists: between the Democrats and the conservative camp. Roman I.S. Turgenev served as the literary basis on which a split began in the nihilist camp, which ended two years later with sharp polemics.
You will see a fragment of the press conference of the author of the novel "Fathers and Sons" with representatives of periodicals.
Listen carefully to the discussion and write down the key concepts of each journalist's speech and determine whose point of view is closer to you.
Press conference:
I.S. Turgenev. Answering to the respected public, I want to immediately notify that we did not set ourselves the task of criticizing someone's political program, or, which is even more implausible, of anyone in particular. For me, all political parties are equal, my writing task is to paint a portrait of a Russian militant commoner, and at the same time I deliberately give him the opportunity to triumph over the aristocrats in disputes.
Contributor to the Sovremennik magazine.This time, too, Mr. Turgenev did not change the feeling of modernity: he managed to find and raise one of the most acute and urgent problems of Russian life. However, in our opinion, the respected writer did not live up to the expectations of the readers when solving this problem. Bazarov's character is anti-democratic, which is how a blow was dealt to the advanced forces of Russia.
Employee of the magazine "Russian Word".By no means, the merit of Mr. Turgenev lies in the fact that the writer managed to artistically reliably reproduce one of the representatives of the Russian democratic sixties. And it is not at all worth seeing in Bazarov only a copy of those who are called the “Sovremennik party”.
3. "Russian Bulletin".The merit of Turgenev, of course, is that in the portrait of Bazarov, in his behavior, manners, opinions, the enemy of the existing world order, which poses a threat to society, is presented.
4. "Bell". Turgenev did not bring Bazarov out to pat him on the head — that is clear. But in contact with such miserable and insignificant fathers as the Kirsanovs, the tough Bazarov carried Turgenev away, and instead of whipping his son, he whipped the fathers.
State the key concepts.
Tell me whose opinion you support. (The plates are overturned)
See what ideology you support.
B) "Who are the judges?"
Now, working in the “Zigzag” strategy, we must name specific persons who gave their assessment to the novel “Fathers and Sons” from this or that socio-political platform.
First, analyze passages from critical articles individually using the TASK technique. Opening hours - 10 minutes. (Each student is given an excerpt from one critical article - see the appendix - and the TASK table - a working lesson card)
Group work (students who have worked on the same article come together in groups to work out a common position)
Unite in groups (6 people) working with one source and work out a common position on the TASK table. Opening hours - 5 minutes.
Unite 4 people so that in each group there were working with different articles. Have an internal discussion about the correctness of the conclusions for each source. Opening hours - 7 minutes.
We return to the groups of 6 people and choose the one who will present the conclusion based on the analyzed excerpt from the critical article. Working time - 3 minutes.
Students present the findings of the groups. Performance time - 1 minute.
(Slides number 7, 8, 9, 10, 11voiced by students - actors involved in the press conference).
- Reflection "You, the current ones, well - wea!".
A) Conversation
It is no coincidence that in today's lesson we remembered the comedy of A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit". What do you think the novel by I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons" and the comedy of A.S. Griboyedov.
- What did you find interesting in the lesson? Unusual?
- What caused the difficulty?
- What your assumptions were confirmed?
- What to work on at home?
B) Homework (optional).
- According to the program, you need to familiarize yourself in detail with the article by D.I. Pisarev "Bazarov". Fill out the results of your observations in the form of a three-part diary (quote - comments - questions).
- Or write a letter to a contemporary, friend, teenager (other variants of addressees are possible), comparing the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" and the comedy of A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" from the standpoint of conservatives, liberals, nihilists.
Preview:
DI. Pisarev
An excerpt from the article "Bazarov (" Fathers and Sons ", novel by IS Turgenev"), 1862
In the novel there is no beginning, no denouement, no strictly thought out plan; there are types and characters, there are scenes and pictures, the personal, deeply felt attitude of the author to the deduced phenomena of life appears through the fabric of the story. And these phenomena are very close to us, so close that all our young generation with their aspirations and ideas can recognize themselves in the characters of this novel. Turgenev treats these ideas and aspirations from his personal point of view, and the old man and the young man almost never agree with each other in convictions and sympathies. Reading Turgenev's novel, we see in it the types of the present moment and at the same time are aware of the changes that the phenomena of reality have experienced, passing through the artist's consciousness ...
Bazarov is a man of life, a man of action, but he will get down to business only when he sees the opportunity to act non-mechanically. He will not be bribed by deceptive forms; external improvements will not defeat his stubborn skepticism; he will not mistake an accidental thaw for the onset of spring and will spend his entire life in his laboratory, unless significant changes occur in the consciousness of our society. If, however, the desired changes occur in the consciousness, and therefore in the life of society, then people like Bazarov will be ready, because the constant work of thought will not let them get lazy, stale and rusty, and constantly awake skepticism will not allow them to become fanatics of their specialty or sluggish adherents of one-sided doctrine.
In creating Bazarov, Turgenev wanted to smash him to dust and instead paid him full tribute of just respect. He wanted to say: our young generation is on the wrong road, and he said: in our young generation all our hope is. Turgenev is not a dialectician, not a sophist, he cannot prove a preconceived idea with his images, no matter how abstractly this idea seems to him to be true or practically useful. First of all, he is an artist, a man unconsciously, unwittingly sincere; his images live their own lives; he loves them, he is carried away by them, he becomes attached to them during the creative process, and it becomes impossible for him to push them around at his whim and turn the picture of life into an allegory with a moral purpose and with a virtuous denouement. The artist's honest, pure nature takes its toll, breaks down theoretical barriers, triumphs over the delusions of the mind and redeems everything with its instincts - both the incorrectness of the main idea, and the one-sidedness of development, and obsolescence of concepts. Looking at his Bazarov, Turgenev as a person and as an artist grows in his novel, grows before our eyes and grows to a correct understanding, to a fair assessment of the type created.
A.I. Herzen
Excerpt from the article "Once again Bazarov", 1868
I confess frankly, I personally disgust this throwing of stones at my predecessors. “I would like to save the young generation from historical ingratitude and even from a historical mistake. It is time for the Saturn fathers not to eat with their children, but it is time for the children not to take an example from those Kamchadals who kill their old people. "
Onegins and Pechorins passed.
The Rudins and Beltovs are passing by.
The Bazarovs will pass ... and even very soon. This is too tense, school-going, agitated type to hold out for a long time. His replacement was already asking for a type who had rotted away in the spring of his days, the type of an Orthodox student,conservative and state patriot, in which all the vile imperial Russia regurgitated and who himself was embarrassed after the Iverskaya serenade and the prayer service to Katkov.
All the types that have arisen will pass away, and all with that non-erasure of once excited forces, which we have learned to recognize in the physical world, will remain and ascend, changing, into the future movement of Russia and into its future structure.
"If," says Pisarev, "bazarovism is a disease of our time, then it will have to suffer." Well, that's enough. This disease is to face only until the end of the university course; she, like teething, did not come of age.
The worst service that Turgenev did Bazarov was that, not knowing how to deal with him, he executed him with typhus. If Bazarov had survived typhus, he would probably have developed out of bazarovism, at least into a science that he loved and appreciated in physiology and which does not change its methods, whether it is a frog, or a person, embryology, or history is in its redistribution.
Science would have saved Bazarov, he would have ceased to look down on people with deep and undisguised contempt.
But until the vestments are removed, Bazarov consistently demands from people who are crushed by everything in the world, insulted, exhausted, deprived of sleep and the ability to do something in reality, so that they do not talk about pain; it strongly strays into the Arakcheevschina.
The Decembrists are our great fathers, the Bazarovs are our prodigal children.
We inherited from the Decembrists an excited sense of human dignity, a desire for independence, hatred of slavery, respect for the West and revolution, belief in the possibility of a coup in Russia, a passionate desire to participate in it, youth and lack of strength.
All this has been reworked, it has become different, but the basics are intact. What has our generation bequeathed to the new?
M.N. Katkov
An excerpt from the article "On our nihilism about the novel by Turgenev", 1862
So, in our wilderness, the spirit of research, clear and precise thought, positive knowledge bestowed. How welcome! We missed him. ... Is it not before us again the image of the same naturalist who was in such a hurry to cover the frogs by surprise in the swamp?
There is no doubt that science is not something serious here and that it must be discounted. If there is real force in this Bazarov, then it is something else, and not science. By his science, he can only be meaningful in the environment where he found himself; with his science, he can suppress only his old father, young Arkady and Madame Kukshina. He is only a lively schoolboy, who proved the lesson better than others and who was put in an auditor for that. 7 ... However, he is so smart that he himself is aware of this, he himself expresses it, although not about himself personally, but about his compatriots in general in comparison with real researchers in those countries where this is a serious matter. He himself does not recognize the special significance of his learned pursuits; for him they are only a fulcrum, only a means for a further goal, and his goal is of a completely different nature and has nothing to do with science.
He is already sure in advance that the natural sciences lead to a negative solution of these questions, and he needs them as a tool for eliminating prejudices and for educating people in the inspiring truth that there are no first reasons and that a man and a frog are essentially the same thing.
The narrow and difficult path of a naturalist is not to our liking. We'll only take something from him, for force or for contenance, and let's go another, wider path; we are not researchers, not testers - let others pore over facts and study science for knowledge - we are sages and teachers of the faith. We preach the religion of nihilism, we we deny. ... ... The religion of denial is directed against all authorities, and itself is based on the most rude worship of authority. She has her own merciless idols. Everything that has a negative character is already eo ipso (As a consequence of this(lat.). ) an immutable dogma in the eyes of these sectarians. ... He only needs complete self-confidence and the ability to use all means for the purpose of denial. The less he parses the funds, the better. In this respect, he completely agrees with the Jesuit Fathers and fully accepts their famous rule that the end sanctifies all means.
Is there this negative dogmatism, this religion of nihilism - a phenomenon that characterizes the spirit of our century? ... No, our time is famous mainly for its freedom and tolerance, for its science, the spirit of research and criticism, which does not neglect anything and does not prejudice anything. Education, science, political and industrial life, the development and competition of all kinds of interests, freedom of conscience, the educational influence of the environment, the living force of tradition - these are the obstacles that this phenomenon meets in the educated societies of our time. But if it is impossible to see in this phenomenon a general feature of our time, then we will undoubtedly recognize in it a characteristic feature of mental life in our fatherland at the current moment. In no other social environment the Bazarovs could have had a wide range of activities and appear to be strong men or giants; in any other environment, at every step, the deniers themselves would be continually subjected to negation; at each meeting they would have to repeat to themselves what Bazarov said before his death: "Yes, go and try to deny death: she denies me, and that's it." But in our civilization, which does not have any independent power in itself, in our small mental world, where there is nothing solid, where there is not a single interest that would not be ashamed or embarrassed of itself and believed in its own existence at all - - the spirit of nihilism could develop and acquire meaning. This mental environment naturally falls under nihilism and finds its truest expression in it.
M.A. Antonovich
Excerpt from the article "Asmodeus of Our Time", 1862
Almost on every page you can see the author's desire to humiliate the hero at all costs, whom he considered his enemy and therefore heaped all kinds of absurdities on him and in every possible way mocked him, scattering in witticisms and barbs. All this is permissible, appropriate, perhaps even good in some polemical article; and in the novel it is a blatant injustice that destroys its poetic effect. In the novel, the hero's opponent of the author is a defenseless and unrequited being, he is entirely in the hands of the author and is silently compelled to listen to all sorts of fables that are cocked at him; he is in the same position as opponents in learned treatises written in the form of conversations. In them, the author speaks, always speaks intelligently and reasonably, while his opponents appear to be pitiful and narrow-minded fools who cannot say words decently, and not just to present some sensible objection; whatever they say, the author refutes everything in the most victorious way. From various passages of Mr. Turgenev's novel it is clear that his protagonist is not a stupid person; on the contrary, he is very capable and gifted, inquisitive, diligently engaged and knowledgeable; and yet in disputes he is completely lost, expresses nonsense and preaches absurdities, unforgivable to the most limited mind. Therefore, as soon as Mr. Turgenev begins to joke and mock his hero, it seems that if the hero were a living person, if he could free himself from silence and speak on his own, he would have killed Mr. Turgenev on the spot, laughed would be much cleverer and more thorough over him, so that Mr. Turgenev himself would then have to play the miserable role of silence and irresponsibility. Mr. Turgenev, through one of his favorites, asks the hero: "Do you deny everything? Not only art, poetry ... but also ... it's scary to say ... - Everything, the hero answered with inexpressible calmness" (p. 517).
Apparently, Mr. Turgenev wanted to portray in his hero, as they say, a demonic or Byronic nature, something like Hamlet; but, on the other hand, he gave him features by which his nature seems the most commonplace and even vulgar, at least very far from demonism. And from this as a whole comes not a character, not a living personality, but a caricature, a monster with a tiny head and a giant mouth, a small face and a big nose, and, moreover, the caricature is the most vicious
Preview:
Working lesson card
Surname, name of the student ________________________________
- Lesson objectives.
- _______________________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________________
- The stages of comprehension.
Exercise: determine the order of comprehension of the topic of the lesson and arrange the aphorisms of the comedy A.S. Griboyedov's "Woe from Wit" in accordance with this logic.
1.____________________________________________________________________________
2.____________________________________________________________________________
3.____________________________________________________________________________
- Key phrases of statements by representatives of periodicals about the novel "Fathers and Sons"
1. "Contemporary": _____________________________________________________________________
2. "Bell": _________________________________________________________________________
3. "Russian word": ____________________________________________________________________
4. "Russian Bulletin": __________________________________________________________________
V. TASK- "thesis-analysis-synthesis-key".
Question | Answer |
|
Article title. | ||
What topic is being discussed? | ||
What is the main statement on the topic? | ||
What supports the main claim? List these reasons? | ||
The lesson is done in technology developing critical thinking through reading and writing Developers: A team of practicing teachers: Samsonkina Tatiana Leonidovna, MBOU "Secondary School No. 4", Bogotol Maksimenko Irina Mikhailovna, MBOU "Gymnasium № 1", Norilsk Tyurina Tatyana Anatolyevna, MBOU "Aginskaya secondary school № 1", Sayan district Lazko Yulia Mikhailovna, MKOU "Vladimirskaya secondary school", Bogotolsky district Krasnoyarsk, November 2013 Preview:http://go.mail.ru/search_video?q=%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%86%D1%8B+%D0%B8+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8+ % D1% 84% D0% B8% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D0% BC +% D1% 81% D0% BC% D0% B8% D1% 80% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0 % BE% D0% B9 +% D0% B0% D0% B2% D0% B4% D0% BE% D1% 82% D1% 8C% D0% B8 # s = Zoomby & sig = eda2e0a1de & d = 490604638 "Who are the judges?" "You are the current ones, well, tka!" "They scold here and thank you there." 1. "They scold here and thank you there." 2. "Who are the judges?" 3. "You are current, well, tka!" DI Pisarev Roman Turgenev stirs the mind, leads to reflection, because everyone is imbued with the fullest, most touching sincerity. Bazarovism is a disease of our time, which sticks to people who in their mental powers are above the general level. Pechorin has will without knowledge, Rudin has knowledge without will, Bazarov has both knowledge and will, thought and deed merge into one solid whole ... Russian critic, publicist, employee of the Russian Word magazine. Nihilist. Pisarev preached the need for socio-historical and cultural progress, conditioned by civil liberties and the social and practical orientation of science, art and education. The task of Turgenev turned out to be - writing a panegyric to the "fathers" and denouncing "children" whom he did not understand, instead of denouncing, it turned out to be slander. - The younger generation is represented by the perverters of youth, sowers of discord and evil, who hate good - in a word, Asmodeans. Russian publicist, literary critic, materialist philosopher. ... Contributor to the Sovremennik magazine. Nihilist. For literary-critical works of Antonovich are characterized by an ideological approach to literary creativity, the desire to see in the content of a work of art a direct reflection of the "progressive" or "reactionary" tendencies of social thought. One of the most powerful and noble demons; the devil of lust, fornication, jealousy and at the same time revenge, hatred and destruction. Asmodeus MN Katkov "On our nihilism about Turgenev's novel" If there is a real force in this Bazarov, then it is something else, not science. The narrow and difficult path of a naturalist is not to our liking. We will take from him only something, for force or for contenance, and we will go another, wider path; we are not researchers, not testers - let others pore over facts and study science for knowledge - we are sages and teachers of the faith. Journalist, critic, conservative. In 1856 Katkov became the publisher-editor of the Russian Bulletin magazine, where he defended the constitutional-monarchical principles of the state. devices, unconditionally supporting the reforms being prepared by the government. It is clear that Turgenev brought Bazarov out not to pat him on the head, he wanted to do something in favor of the fathers. But in contact with such miserable and insignificant fathers as the Kirsanovs, the tough Bazarov carried Turgenev away, and instead of whipping his son, he whipped the fathers. AI Herzen “Once again Bazarov” Herzen Alexander Ivanovich, pro-eic, thinker, publicist, politician. Publisher-editor of the Kolokol magazine. Liberal. He began his activity under the influence of the great utopian socialists. Subsequently, he becomes one of the leaders of the "Westernizers" and fights against the Slavophils. Used literature 1. L.I. Abdulina, N.N. Budnikova, G.I. Poltorzhitskaya. Non-traditional literature lessons: grades 5-11. 2. 3. I. Zagashev. A course of lectures on the technology of the RCMCHP. 3. Site: www.proshkolu.ru The material was prepared by full name. Place of work Samsonkina Tatyana Leonidovna MBOU Secondary School No. 4 Bogotol Tyurina Tatyana Anatolyevna MBOU "Aginskaya Secondary School No. 1", Sayan District Maksimenko Irina Mikhailovna MBOU "Gymnasium No. 1" Norilsk Lazko Yulia Mikhailovna MKOU Vladimirovskaya Secondary School, Bogotolsky District 1 slide 2 slide DI Pisarev Roman Turgenev stirs the mind, leads to reflection, because everyone is imbued with the fullest, most touching sincerity. Bazarovism is a disease of our time, which sticks to people who in their mental powers are above the general level. Pechorin has will without knowledge, Rudin has knowledge without will, Bazarov has both knowledge and will, thought and deed merge into one solid whole ... 3 slide In Bazarov's relations with the common people, one should note the absence of any pretentiousness, of any sweetness. The people like it, and that is why the servants love Bazarov, the children love it. The peasants have a heart for Bazarov because they see in him a simple and intelligent person, but at the same time this person is a stranger to them, because he does not know their way of life, their needs, their hopes and fears, their concepts, beliefs and prejudice. 4 slide Unable to show how Bazarov lives and acts, Turgenev showed us how he dies. The description of Bazarov's death is the best passage in Turgenev's novel; I doubt even that there is anything more remarkable in all the works of our artist. 5 slide Pisarev about Bazarov conclusions: ... Bazarovism is a disease, but it is a disease of our time. The disease of the century most often sticks to people who, in terms of their mental powers, are above the general level. Bazarov does not need anyone, is not afraid of anyone, loves no one and, as a result, does not spare anyone. Turgenev himself will never be Bazarov, but he pondered this type as truly as none of our young realists would understand. Turgenev does not like merciless denial, and, meanwhile, the personality of a merciless denier turns out to be a strong personality and inspires every reader with involuntary respect. Turgenev did not like Bazarov, but recognized his strength, his superiority over the people around him ... 5. Unable to show us how Bazarov lives and works, Turgenev showed us how he dies. To look death in the eye, to anticipate its approach, without trying to deceive oneself, to remain true to oneself until the last minute, until the last moment not to weaken and not to be cowardly - this is a matter of a strong character. 6. In creating Bazarov, Turgenev wanted to crush him into ruin and instead paid him full respect. 6 slide Bazarov is not a man, but some terrible creature, just a devil: - - hates parents; - cuts frogs with merciless cruelty; - expresses nonsense and preaches absurdities; - Poisons everything he touches. 7 slide The novel is nothing more than a merciless and destructive criticism of the younger generation. The task of Turgenev turned out to be - writing a panegyric to the "fathers" and denouncing "children" whom he did not understand, instead of denouncing, it turned out to be slander. The younger generation is represented by the perverters of youth, sowers of discord and evil, who hate good - in a word, Asmodeans. 8 slide One of the most powerful and noble demons; the devil of lust, fornication, jealousy and at the same time revenge, hatred and destruction. Asmodeus 9 slide There is one major feature that gives special significance and high interest to the figure of the hero. At the same time, it is important for the correct understanding of his actions. Bazarov is an internally free man. Freedom is based on the properties of his great mind and on extraordinary willpower. Analytical and critical Dry and cold Not alien to irony and skepticism 10 slide It is clear that Turgenev brought Bazarov out not to pat him on the head, he wanted to do something in favor of the fathers. But in contact with such miserable and insignificant fathers as the Kirsanovs, the tough Bazarov carried Turgenev away, and instead of whipping his son, he whipped the fathers. A.I. Herzen 11 slide Bazarov could not be a cold, abstract person; his heart demanded fullness, demanded feelings; and now he is angry with others, but he feels that he should be even more angry with himself. NN Strakhov Bazarov came out as a simple man, alien to any break, and together with a strong, mighty soul and body. Everything in him goes extraordinarily to his strong nature ... 12 slide The author of "Fathers and Sons" himself was a victim of the struggle that flared up in Russian society, provoked by his novel. IS Turgenev wrote with chagrin: “... No one seems to suspect that I was trying to present a tragic face in him - and everyone is interpreting: - why is he so stupid? or - why is he so good? " 13 slide Who among the critics saw in Bazarov the devil, the sower of discord and evil, who hates good? D.I.Pisarev M.A.Antonovich D.N. Ovsyaniko-Kulikovsky N.N. Strakhov A.I. Herzen 14 slide What, according to D.I. Pisarev, does E. Bazarov have? Hatred of idlers and talkers; Knowledge and will, thought and deed; Great mind and extraordinary willpower. 15 slide What was the goal of I.S. Turgenev, creating the image of E. Bazarov? to criticize the younger generation mercilessly; show the inner tragedy of the hero; predict the future of Russia. Completed by: Pupil 10B Andreev Roman Teacher: Nikolaeva Elena Viktorovna. Slide 2 Purpose: To review and characterize critical reviews of Fathers and Sons Slide 3 With the release of Ivan Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons", a lively discussion of it in the press begins, which immediately acquired an acute polemical character. Almost all Russian newspapers and magazines responded to the appearance of the novel. The work gave rise to disagreements both between ideological opponents and among like-minded people, for example, in the democratic magazines Sovremennik and Russkoe Slovo. The dispute, in essence, was about the type of the new revolutionary leader in Russian history. Slide 4 Critics ("Fathers and Sons"). N.N.Strakhov D.I. Pisarev M.A.Antonovich Slide 5 “Contemporary” responded to the novel with an article by MA Antonovich “Asmodeus of Our Time”. Circumstances connected with Turgenev's departure from Sovremennik predisposed to the fact that the novel was evaluated negatively by the critic. Antonovich saw in him a panegyric to the “fathers” and slander against the younger generation. M. A. Antonovich Slide 6 In addition, it was argued that the novel is very weak in artistic terms, that Turgenev, who aimed to discredit Bazarov, resorts to caricature, depicting the protagonist as a monster "with a tiny head and a giant mouth, with a small face and a sore nose." Antonovich tries to defend female emancipation and the aesthetic principles of the younger generation from Turgenev's attacks, trying to prove that “Kuk-shina is not as empty and limited as Pavel Petrovich”. Regarding Bazarov's denial of art, Antonovich said that this was a sheer lie, that the younger generation denies only “pure art”, to the number of whose representatives, it is true, he numbered Pushkin and Turgenev himself. Slide 7 In the magazine "Russian Word" in 1862 there was an article by DI Pisarev "Bazarov". The critic notes a certain bias of the author in relation to Bazarov, says that in a number of cases Turgenev "does not like his hero", that he experiences "involuntary antipathy to this line of thought." D.I.Pisarev Slide 8 DI Pisarev finds in the image of Bazarov an artistic synthesis of the most essential aspects of the world outlook of different-ranked democracy, depicted truthfully, despite the original plan of Turgenev. Critical attitude of the author to Bazarov is perceived by the critic as a merit, since “from the outside the merits and demerits are more visible”, and “a strictly critical view ... at the present moment turns out to be more fruitful than unfounded admiration or servile adoration”. Slide 9 In 1862, in the fourth book of the Vremya magazine, published by F. M. and M. M. Dostoevsky, an interesting article by N. N. Strakhov was published, which was called “I. S. Turgenev. "Fathers and Sons". Strakhov is convinced that the novel is a remarkable achievement of Turgenev the artist. N.N. Strakhov Slide 10 The critic considers the image of Bazarov to be extremely typical. "Bazarov is a type, an ideal, a phenomenon, elevated to the pearl of creation." Slide 11 The liberal critic P.V. Annenkov also responded to Turgenev's novel. In his article “Bazarov and Oblomov,” he tries to prove that, despite the outward difference between Bazarov and Oblomov, “the grain is the same in both natures”. Bazarov. artist P.M. Boklevsky. 1890s Slide 12 At the end of the decade, Turgenev himself joined the controversy around the novel. In the article “Concerning Fathers and Sons,” he tells the story of his idea, the stages of publication of the novel, makes his judgments about the objectivity of the reproduction of reality: “... Accurately and strongly reproduce the truth, the reality of life is the highest happiness for a writer, even if this truth does not coincide with his own sympathies. " View all slides Editor's Choice
New
Popular
|
