Vladimir Dal - selected works. Tales of Vladimir Dahl. Works and biography of V. Dahl Medical activity of Vladimir Dahl

Securing a loan with collateral is considered beneficial for both parties to the transaction.

For the lender

The bank receives a significant guarantee in the event of a client's insolvency. In order to return its funds, the creditor has the right to sell the provided collateral property. From the proceeds, he takes the money put to him, and returns the rest to the client.

For the borrower

For the borrower, there are both positive and negative sides of the transaction with the pledge of property. The advantages include:

• obtaining the maximum possible loan amount;
• obtaining a loan for a long period of time;
• lending money at a reduced interest rate.

At the same time, the client must remember that if it is impossible to repay the borrowed funds, he will lose his car. Sovcombank usually provides a loan secured by a car for a long period. During this time, various unforeseen circumstances may occur. Therefore, before pledging a vehicle, you should weigh your financial capabilities.

It is because of this that pledging an apartment does not always look tempting, but providing your vehicle as additional security for a bank loan is a more thoughtful and less risky business.

Sovcombank has been operating in Russia for over 25 years and is a major banking institution, which increases its reliability in the eyes of potential customers. It offers individuals a wide variety of loan products, including among consumer loans there is a loan secured by personal vehicles. This loan has its own characteristics.

Maximum amount

Sovcombank issues a maximum amount of 1 million rubles to the client on the security of his car. Money is provided only in Russian currency.

Loan terms

Sovcombank gives a loan secured by a car for no more than 5 years. In this case, the client has the right to take advantage of early repayment of the loan without applying any penalties to it.

Interest rate

If the borrowed funds for the purposes specified in the agreement exceed 80%, then the rate offered is 16.9%. If the amount of the loan received for a specific purpose is less than 80%, then the rate is increased and amounts to 21.9%.

If a citizen has a salary card in the bank, then the loan rate can be reduced by 5 points.

When concluding the proposed insolvency insurance contract, the borrower can receive a loan with an interest rate of 4.86%. With the smallest amount of credit taken by the client and the minimum term for concluding the agreement, the bank will offer a lower annual interest rate.

Such an insurance amount is paid once a year and is a salvation in the event of financial difficulties for the client.

Requirements for the borrower

A loan is provided for individuals on the following loyal terms.

1. Age. The client of the bank applying for the loan must be older than 20 and younger than 85 at the time of repayment of the last loan installment.
2. Citizenship. The potential borrower must be a citizen of Russia.
3. Employment. At the time of conclusion of the loan agreement, the client must be employed. Moreover, the experience at the last place of work should be more than 4 months.
4. Registration. An individual can apply for a loan only if he is registered at the location of the bank's office branch. The distance from the place of residence to the nearest office should not exceed 70 km.
5. Telephone. An important requirement is the presence of a fixed telephone number. It can be both home and work.

A vehicle pledged to a bank must meet certain conditions.

1. No more than 19 years must have elapsed from the date of manufacture of the car at the date of conclusion of the contract.
2. The car must be on the move, in good condition.
3. The pledged vehicle must be free from other pledge obligations. The vehicle cannot have a double deposit.
4. At the time of signing the contract, the car should not be a participant in the car loan program.

Required documents

Before signing an agreement with the bank, the client collects the documents required for this transaction. Moreover, both papers related directly to the borrower and documentation for the pledged vehicle will be needed.

For an individual

The borrower must provide a list of the following securities regarding himself:

• Russian passport and its copy;
• SNILS or driver's license (at the choice of the client);
• certificate of income, completed in the form of a banking institution. It indicates the amount of earnings for at least the last 4 months, taking into account all deductions, that is, income in a “net” form. The document must be endorsed by the head of the enterprise, the seal of the organization is affixed to it.
• notarial consent of the spouse. If it is issued as a guarantor, then it is additionally necessary to conclude an agreement, which specifies all the obligations of the person giving the guarantee regarding the loan received.

For a legal entity

To provide a loan to a legal entity, a significantly larger number of documents will be required. Conventionally, they can be divided into 3 groups.

1. Constituent. These include the Charter, documents on the appointment of the general director, chief accountant.
2. Financial. This package of documents includes papers on registration with the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, certificates of the status of the current account.
3. Are common. Documents on the activities of a legal entity, its partners, the main types of contracts.

Property documents

The following documents are required for the car:

• vehicle passport;
• certificate of registration;
• OSAGO insurance policy.

You can apply for a car loan in several stages.

1. Before concluding an agreement, you should determine the purpose of obtaining borrowed funds and weigh your financial capabilities.
2. Applying for a loan. This can be done at the Sovcombank office or on the official website online (https://sovcombank.ru/apply/auto/).
3. Collection of documents for the client and the car.
4. After receiving the consent of the bank to apply for a loan, you must come with all the papers to the nearest branch.
5. The conclusion of the loan agreement and the signing of the mortgage on the car. Registration of these documents in Rosreestr.
6. Transfer of money by the bank to the account specified by the client.

Debt repayment methods

After receiving a loan, its timely repayment is considered an equally important issue, so it is important to clarify the possible ways.

1. You can pay the loan amount at any Sovcombank office through an operator or through a terminal or ATM of this banking institution.
2. If the client has a personal account of Sovcombank, he will be able to repay his credit obligations with the convenience of not leaving his home.
3. In any branch of the Russian Post, the client can make a money transfer by indicating the details of the bank account.
4. You can pay the amount of the debt through ATMs of other banks. Please note that in this case a fee will be charged.

War of mushrooms with berries

In the red summer, there is a lot of everything in the forest - and all kinds of mushrooms and all kinds of berries: strawberries with blueberries, and raspberries with blackberries, and black currants. Girls walk through the forest, pick berries, sing songs, and the boletus mushroom, sitting under an oak tree, puffs up, pouts, rushes out of the ground, gets angry at the berries: “Look, what they have born! We used to be in honor, in honor, but now no one will even look at us! Wait, - thinks the boletus, the head of all mushrooms, - we, mushrooms, are a great force - we will bend down, strangle it, sweet berry!

The boletus conceived and made a war, sitting under an oak tree, looking at all the mushrooms, and he began to convene the mushrooms, began to help call out:

Go you, volushki, go to war!

Waves refused:

We are all old women, not guilty of war.

Go, you bastards!

Refused mushrooms:

Our legs are painfully thin, let's not go to war!

Hey morels! - shouted the mushroom-boletus. - Gear up for war!

Refused morels; they say:

We are old men, so where are we going to war!

The mushroom got angry, the boletus got angry, and he shouted in a loud voice:

Milk mushrooms, you guys are friendly, go fight with me, beat the puffy berry!

Mushrooms with loaders responded:

We are milk mushrooms, brothers are friendly, we go with you to war, to forest and field berries, we will throw our hats on it, we will trample it with the fifth!

Having said this, the milk mushrooms climbed together from the ground, a dry leaf rises above their heads, a formidable army rises.

“Well, be in trouble,” the green grass thinks.

And at that time Aunt Varvara came into the forest with a box - wide pockets. Seeing the great cargo strength, she gasped, sat down and, well, took the mushrooms in a row and put them in the back. I collected it full-full, forcibly brought it home, and at home I dismantled the fungi by birth and by rank: traps - into tubs, honey agarics - into barrels, morels - into beetroots, mushrooms - into boxes, and the largest boletus mushroom got into mating; it was pierced, dried and sold.

Since that time, the mushroom has ceased to fight with the berry.

Crow

Once upon a time there was a crow, and she lived not alone, but with nannies, mothers, with small children, with near and far neighbors. Birds flew in from overseas, large and small, geese and swans, birds and birdies, built nests in the mountains, in the valleys, in the forests, in the meadows and laid eggs.

A crow noticed this and, well, offend migratory birds, carry their testicles!

An owl flew and saw that a crow offends large and small birds, carrying testicles.

Wait, - he says, - a worthless crow, we will find a court and punishment for you!

And he flew far away, into the stone mountains, to the gray eagle. Arrived and asks:

Father gray eagle, give us your righteous judgment on the offender-crow! From her there is no life for either small or large birds: she ruins our nests, steals cubs, drags eggs and feeds her crows with them!

The eagle shook his gray head and sent for the crow a light, lesser ambassador - a sparrow. The sparrow fluttered up and flew after the crow. She was about to make excuses, but all the bird's strength rose up on her, all the birds, and, well, pinching, pecking, driving to the eagle for judgment. There is nothing to do - she croaked and flew away, and all the birds took off and rushed after her.

So they flew to the eagle's life and settled him, and the crow stands in the middle and twitches in front of the eagle, preens.

And the eagle began to interrogate the crow:

They say about you, crow, that you open your mouth at someone else's good, that you carry eggs from large and small birds and carry eggs!

It's a slander, father, a gray eagle, a slander, I'm only picking up shells!

Another complaint about you reaches me, that as soon as a peasant comes out to sow arable land, so you rise with all your crows and, well, peck the seeds!

In slander, father gray eagle, in slander! With my girlfriends, with small children, with children, households, I only carry worms from fresh arable land!

And people are crying at you everywhere, that as soon as they burn bread and put sheaves in a shock, then you will fly in with all your crows and let's be mischievous, stir up sheaves and break shocks!

In slander, father gray eagle, in slander! We help this for the sake of a good deed - we disassemble the shocks, we give access to the sun and the wind so that the bread does not germinate and the grain dries out!

The eagle got angry at the old liar-crow, ordered her to be planted in prison, in a lattice tower, behind iron bolts, behind damask locks. There she sits to this day!

Swan geese

Having chosen two or one wolf, depending on the number of children, they choose the leader, the one that starts, that is, starts the game. All others represent geese.

The leader stands at one end, the geese at the other, and the wolves hide aside.

The leader paces and glances, and as soon as he notices the wolves, he runs to his place, clapping his hands, shouting:

Wow. Geese-swans, go home!

G u s i. What?

Wow, run, fly home,

There are wolves behind the mountain

G u s i. What do wolves want?

Wow. Pinch gray geese

Yes, gnaw bones.

Geese run, cackling: "Ha-ha-ha-ha!"

The wolves jump out from behind the mountain and rush at the geese; who are caught, those are taken over the mountain, and the game begins again.

It is best to play swan geese in the field, in the garden.

damsel

Like on a bridge, on a bridge

There was a seven-year-old girl.

For the girl - well done:

Stop, seven-year-old girl,

I guess three riddles

Feel free to guess them:

What grows without roots?

And what blooms without scarlet color?

And what makes noise without violent wind?

A stone grows without roots.

Pine blossoms without scarlet color.

Noisy water without violent wind.

Girl Snow Maiden

Once upon a time there was an old man and an old woman, they had neither children nor grandchildren. So they went outside the gate on a holiday to look at other people's children, how they roll lumps of snow, play snowballs. The old man raised the bundle and said:

And what, old woman, if we had a daughter, so white, so round!

The old woman looked at the lump, shook her head and said:

What will you do - no, there is nowhere to take it. However, the old man brought a lump of snow into the hut, put it in a pot, covered it with a rag (rag. - Ed.) And put it on the window. The sun rose, warmed the pot, and the snow began to melt. So the old people hear - squeaking something in a pot under a rag; they are to the window - look, and in the pot lies a girl, white as a snowball, and round, like a lump, and says to them:

I am a girl Snegurochka, rolled up from the spring snow, warmed and blushed by the spring sun.

So the old people were delighted, they took her out, but the old woman rather sew and cut, and the old man, wrapping the Snow Maiden in a towel, began to nurse and nurture her:

Sleep, our Snow Maiden,
Butter kokurochka (bun. - Ed.),
Rolled up from the spring snow,
Warmed by the spring sun!
We will drink you
We will feed you
Row in a colorful dress,
Mind to teach!

So the Snow Maiden grows to the delight of the old people, but so-and-so smart, so-and-so reasonable, that such people only live in fairy tales, but in reality they don’t exist.

Everything went like clockwork with the old people: it’s good in the hut,

and it’s not bad in the yard, the cattle overwintered the winter, the bird was released into the yard. This is how the bird was transferred from the hut to the barn, and then the trouble happened: a fox came to the old Bug, pretended to be sick and belittled the Bug, begging in a thin voice:

Bug, Bug, little white legs, silk tail, let it warm up in the barn!

The bug, who had been running after the old man through the forest all day, did not know that the old woman had driven the bird into the barn, took pity on the sick fox and let it go there. And the fox of two chickens strangled and dragged home. As soon as the old man found out about this, he beat Zhuchka and drove him out of the yard.

Go, - he says, - wherever you want, but you are not fit for me as a watchman!

So the Beetle went, crying, from the old man's yard, and only the old woman and daughter Snegurochka regretted the Beetle.

Summer has come, the berries have begun to ripen, so the girlfriends of the Snow Maiden are calling into the forest by the berries. The old people don't even want to hear, they don't let them in. The girls began to promise that they would not let the Snow Maiden out of their hands, and the Snow Maiden herself asks to pick berries and look at the forest. The old men let her go, gave her a box and a piece of pie.

So the girls with the Snow Maiden ran under the arms, and when they came into the forest and saw the berries, they forgot everything about everything, scattered around, taking the berries and echoing, they give voices to each other in the forest.

They picked up the berries, but lost the Snow Maiden in the forest. The Snow Maiden began to give a voice - no one responds to her. The poor thing began to cry, went to look for the road, worse than that, got lost; so she climbed a tree and shouted: “Ay! Ay! A bear is walking, brushwood is crackling, bushes are bending:

About what, girl, about what, red?

Ay-ay! I am a girl Snegurochka, rolled up from the spring snow, toasted by the spring sun, my girlfriends begged me from my grandfather, grandmother, they took me into the forest and left!

Get off, - said the bear, - I will bring you home!

No, bear, - answered the girl Snegurochka, - I will not go with you, I am afraid of you - you will eat me! The bear is gone.

Running gray wolf

Get down, - said the wolf, - I will bring you home!

No, wolf, I won't go with you, I'm afraid of you - you will eat me!

The wolf is gone. Lisa Patrikeevna is coming:

What, girl, are you crying, what, red, are you crying?

Ay-ay! I am a girl Snegurochka, rolled up from the spring snow, toasty with the spring sun, my girlfriends begged me from my grandfather, my grandmother into the forest for berries, and they brought me into the forest and left!

Ah, beauty! Ah, clever! Ah, my miserable one! Get down quickly, I'll bring you home!

No, fox, your words are flattering, I'm afraid of you - you will lead me to a wolf, you will give me to a bear ... I will not go with you!

The fox began to walk around the tree, look at the girl Snegurochka, lure her from the tree, but the girl does not go.

Gum, gum, gum! barked the dog in the forest. And the girl Snegurochka screamed:

Aww, bitch! Aw, honey! I am here - the girl Snegurochka, rolled up from the spring snow, toasty with the spring sun, my girlfriends begged me from my grandfather, my grandmother into the forest for berries, they brought me into the forest and left. The bear wanted to carry me away, I did not go with him; the wolf wanted to take away, I refused him; the fox wanted to lure, I did not give in to deception; but with you. Bug, I'm going!

That's how the fox heard the dog's barking, so she waved her fur and was like that!

The Snow Maiden climbed down from the tree. The bug ran up, kissed her, licked her whole face and took her home.

There is a bear behind a stump, a wolf in a clearing, a fox darting through the bushes.

The bug barks, floods, everyone is afraid of it, no one attacks.

They came home; The old people wept with joy. They gave the Snow Maiden a drink, fed her, put her to bed, covered her with a blanket:

Sleep, our Snow Maiden,
Sweet chicken,
Rolled up from the spring snow,
Warmed by the spring sun!
We will drink you
We will feed you
Row in a colorful dress,
Mind to teach!

They forgave the bug, gave it milk to drink, took it in mercy, put it in its old place, and forced it to guard the yard.

Bunny

They choose a bunny and surround him with a round dance.

The bunny dances all the time, looks around, as if to jump out of the circle; and the round dance goes around, singing:

Zainka, dance,
Grey, jump
Turn around, turn sideways
Circle, turn sideways!
Zainka, clap,
Gray, in the palm of your hand,
Turn around, turn sideways
Circle, turn sideways!
There is a hare where to jump out,
There is a place for gray to jump out,
Turn around, turn sideways
Circle, turn sideways!

At the same time, some of the players loosen their hands, indicating where the bunny can break through.

The bunny falls to the ground, looks for a place to jump out from, and, breaking through where it was not expected, runs away.

kitty

sitting kitty
On the window
The cat came
I started asking the cat
started asking:
What is the pussy crying about?
What is shedding tears about?
How can I not cry
How not to shed tears
The cook ate the liver;
Yes, he said in a pussy;
They want to beat the pussy
Pull ears.

fox and bear

Once upon a time there was Kuma Fox; Tired of the Fox, in her old age, looking after herself, so she came to the Bear and began to ask for a tenant:

Let me in, Mikhailo Potapych, I'm an old, learned fox, I'll take up a little space, not volume, I won't drink it, unless I get rich after you, I'll bite the bones.

The bear, without thinking for a long time, agreed. The Fox went to live with the Bear and began to inspect and sniff where he had everything. Mishenka lived with a margin, he himself ate his fill and fed Lisonka well. Here she spotted a tub of honey in the porch on the shelf, and the Fox, like a Bear, loves to eat sweetly; she lies at night and thinks how she can go and lick the honey; lies, taps his tail and asks the Bear:

Mishenka, no way, is someone knocking on our door?

Bear listened.

And then, - he says, - they knock.

This, you know, they came for me, for the old doctor.

Well, - said the Bear, - go.

Oh, kumanek, something does not want to get up!

Well, well, go on, - Mishka urged, - I won’t even lock the doors behind you.

The fox groaned, got down from the stove, and as soon as she went out the door, where did the agility come from! She climbed onto the shelf and, well, mended the tub; ate, ate, ate the whole top, ate to the full; she closed the tub with a rag, covered it with a circle, laid it with a pebble, tidied everything up, as the Bear had, and returned to the hut as if nothing had happened.

The bear asks her:

What, godfather, did you go far?

Close, kumanek; neighbors called, their child fell ill.

Well, is it easier?

Feel better.

And what is the name of the child?

Top, kumanek.

The bear fell asleep, and the Fox fell asleep.

Lisa liked the honey, and here it lies for the next night, tapping its tail on the bench:

Mishenka, is there someone knocking on our door again?

Bear listened and said:

And then godfather, they knock!

This, you know, they came for me!

Well, gossip, go, - said the Bear.

Oh, kumanek, I don’t want to get up, break old bones!

Well, well, go on, - urged the Bear, - I won’t even lock the doors behind you.

The fox groaned, getting down from the stove, trudged to the doors, and as soon as she went out the door, where did the agility come from! She climbed onto the shelf, got to the honey, ate, ate, ate the whole middle; having eaten to the full, she closed the tub with a cloth, covered it with a mug, laid it with a pebble, cleaned everything as it should, and returned to the hut.

And the Bear asks her:

How far, godfather, did you go?

Close, kumanek. Neighbors called, their child fell ill.

Well, is it easier?

Feel better.

And what is the name of the child?

Middle, kumanek.

I have never heard such a name, - said the Bear.

And-and, kumanek, you never know wonderful names in the world lives! Lisa answered.

With that they both fell asleep.

Lisa liked honey; and on the third night she lies, tapping her tail, and the Bear herself asks:

Mishenka, no way, is someone knocking on our door again? Bear listened and said:

And then, godfather, they knock.

This, you know, they came for me.

Well, godfather, go if you are called, - said the Bear.

Oh, kumanek, I don’t want to get up, break old bones! You see for yourself - they don’t let you sleep a single night!

Well, well, get up, - the Bear urged, - I won’t even lock the doors behind you.

The fox groaned, grunted, got down from the stove and trudged to the door, and as soon as she went out the door, where did the agility come from! She climbed onto the shelf and began to work on the tub; ate, ate, ate all the last; having eaten to the full, she closed the tub with a rag, covered it with a mug, pressed it down with a pebble and removed everything, as it should be. Returning to the hut, she climbed onto the stove and curled up.

And the Bear began to ask the Fox:

How far, godfather, did you go?

Close, kumanek. The neighbors called the child to treat.

Well, is it easier?

Feel better.

And what is the name of the child?

Last, kumanek, Last, Potapovich!

I have never heard such a name, - said the Bear.

And-and, kumanek, you never know wonderful names in the world lives!

The bear fell asleep, and the Fox fell asleep.

Whether for a long time, or for a short time, the Fox wanted honey again - after all, the Fox is sweet, - so she pretended to be sick: kahi yes kahi, does not give the Bear peace, coughed all night.

Gossip, - says the Bear, - at least she got treated with something.

Oh, kumanek, I have a drug, if only I would add honey to it, and everything will be swept away by hand.

Mishka got up from the bed and went out into the hallway, took off the tub - but the tub is empty!

Where did the honey go? roared the Bear. - Kuma, this is your doing!

Lisa coughed so hard that she didn't answer.

Kuma, who ate the honey?

What kind of honey?

Yes, mine, which was in the tub!

If yours was, so, then you ate it, ”the Fox answered.

No, - said the Bear, - I didn’t eat it, I kept everything about the case; this, to know, you, godfather, are naughty?

Oh, you offender! He called me, a poor orphan, to his place, and you want to die from the world! No, friend, not attacked such a one! I, the fox, instantly recognize the guilty one, find out who ate the honey.

Here the Bear was delighted and said:

Please, gossip, scout!

Well, let's lie down against the sun - whoever melts the honey from the stomach, he ate it.

Here they lay down, the sun warmed them. The bear began to snore, and the fox was more likely to go home: she scraped off the last honey from the tub, smeared the Bear with it, and herself, having washed her paws, well, wake Mishenka.

Get up, you found the thief! I found the thief! - Fox shouts in the Bear's ear.

Where? - Mishka roared.

Yes, that's where, - said the Fox and showed Mishka that his belly was covered in honey.

Mishka sat down, rubbed his eyes, ran his paw over his stomach - the paw clings, and the Fox reproaches him:

You see, Mikhailo Potapovich, the sun has melted honey out of you! Forward, kumanek, do not dump your guilt on another!

Having said this, Liska waved her tail, only the Bear saw her.

fox

On a winter night, a hungry godfather walked along the path; clouds hung in the sky, the field was covered with snow.

“At least for one tooth something to eat,” the fox thinks. Here she goes on her way; lies a lump. "Well," the fox thinks, "there is a time when the bast shoes will come in handy." She took a bast shoe in her teeth and went on. She comes to the village and knocks at the first hut.

- Who's there? asked the man, opening the window.

- It's me, a kind person, little fox-sister. Let sleepover!

- We are cramped without you! said the old man, and was about to close the window.

What do I need, how much do I need? the fox asked. - I myself will lie down on the bench, and the tail under the bench, - and that's it.

The old man took pity, let the fox go, and she said to him:

- Man, man, hide my shoe!

The peasant took the shoe and threw it under the stove.

That night everyone fell asleep, the fox quietly got off the bench, crept up to the bast shoes, pulled it out and threw it far into the oven, and returned as if nothing had happened, lay down on the bench, and lowered its tail under the bench.

It began to get light. The people woke up; the old woman lit the stove, and the old man began to equip himself for firewood in the forest.

The fox also woke up, ran after the bast shoes - look, but the bast shoes were gone. The fox howled:

- The old man offended, profited from my good, but I won’t take a chicken for my bast shoes!

The man looked under the stove - no bast shoes! What to do? But he laid it himself! I went and took the chicken and gave it to the fox. And the fox still began to break down, does not take the chicken and howls to the whole village, yelling about how the old man offended her.

The owner and the mistress began to appease the fox: they poured milk into a cup, crumbled bread, made scrambled eggs and began to ask the fox not to disdain bread and salt. And that's all the fox wanted. She jumped up on the bench, ate bread, drank some milk, ate the fried eggs, took the chicken, put it in a bag, said goodbye to the owners and went her way, dear.

Goes and sings a song:

fox-sister
dark night
Walked hungry;
She walked and walked
Found a bug -
Demolished to people
Good people sold
I took the chicken.

Here she comes in the evening to another village. Knock, knock, knock, the fox knocks on the hut.

- Who's there? the man asked.

- It's me, fox-sister. Let me go, uncle, to spend the night!

“I won’t push you,” said the fox. - I myself will lie down on the bench, and the tail under the bench, - and that's it!

They let the fox go. So she bowed to the owner and gave him her chicken for savings, while she herself calmly lay down in a corner on the bench, and tucked her tail under the bench.

The owner took the hen and put it to the ducks behind the bars. The fox saw all this and, as the owners fell asleep, she quietly got down from the bench, crept up to the grate, pulled out her chicken, plucked it, ate it, and buried the feathers with bones under the stove; herself, like a good one, jumped up on the bench, curled up in a ball and fell asleep.

It began to get light, the woman set to work on the stove, and the peasant went to feed the cattle.

The fox also woke up, began to get ready to go; she thanked the hosts for the warmth, for the acne, and began to ask the peasant for her hen.

A man climbed after a chicken - look, but the chicken is gone! From there - here, I went through all the ducks: what a miracle - there is no chicken!

- My chicken, my little blackie, motley ducks have pecked you, blue-gray drakes have beaten you! I won't take any duck for you!

The woman took pity on the fox and said to her husband:

- Let's give her a duck and feed her on the road!

Here they fed, watered the fox, gave her a duck and escorted her out of the gate.

Kuma-fox goes, licking his lips, and sings his song:

fox sister
dark night
Walked hungry;
She walked and walked
Found a bug -
Demolished to people
Good people sold:
For a lump - a chicken,
For a chicken - a duck.

Whether the fox was walking close, far, long, short, it began to get dark. She saw a dwelling in the side and turned there; comes: knock, knock, knock at the door!

- Who's there? the owner asks.

- I, the fox-sister, lost my way, I got cold all over and beat off my legs when I ran! Let me, good man, rest and warm up!

- And I would be glad to let you go, gossip, but nowhere!

- And, kumanek, I'm not picky: I myself will lie down on the bench, and I will tuck my tail under the bench - and that's it!

I thought, the old man thought, and let the fox go. And the fox is happy. She bowed to the owners and asked them to save her flat-nosed duck until the morning.

They took a flat-nosed duck for savings and let her go to the geese. And the fox lay down on the bench, tucked its tail under the bench and began to snore.

“It can be seen that she has a heart, she has lost her temper,” said the woman, climbing onto the stove. The owners also fell asleep for a short time, and the fox was only waiting for this: she quietly got down from the bench, crept up to the geese, grabbed her flat-nosed duck, ate it, plucked it clean, ate it, and buried the bones and feathers under the stove; she herself, as if nothing had happened, went to bed and slept until broad daylight. Woke up, stretched, looked around; sees - one mistress in the hut.

- Hostess, where is the owner? the fox asks. - I should say goodbye to him, bow for warmth, for eel.

- Vaughn, missed the owner! said the old woman. - Yes, he is now, tea, for a long time at the market.

“So happy to stay, hostess,” said the fox, bowing. - My puffin is already, tea, woke up. Give her, grandmother, rather, it's time for us to set off on the road with her.

The old woman rushed after the duck - look, look, but there is no duck! What will you do, where will you get it? And you have to give! Behind the old woman stands a fox, his eyes squint, he wails in a voice: she had a duck, unprecedented, unheard of, motley in gold, for that duck she would not have taken a goose.

The hostess was frightened, and well, bow to the fox:

- Take it, mother Lisa Patrikeevna, take any goose! And I’ll give you a drink, feed you, I won’t regret butter or testicles.

The fox went to the peace, got drunk, ate, chose a fat goose, put it in a bag, bowed to the hostess and set off on the road; goes and sings a song to himself:

fox-sister
dark night
Walked hungry;
She walked and walked
Found a bug -
Good people sold:
For a lump - a chicken,
For a chicken - a duck,
For a duck - a caterpillar!

The fox walked and got mad. It became hard for her to carry a goose in a sack: now she would stand up, then sit down, then run again. The night came, and the fox began to hunt for the night; no matter where you knock on the door, everywhere there is a refusal. So she approached the last hut and quietly, timidly began tapping like this: knock, knock, knock, knock!

- What do you want? the owner replied.

- Warm up, darling, let me spend the night!

- Nowhere, and without you it's crowded!

“I won’t push anyone,” the fox answered, “I’ll lie down on the bench myself, and the tail under the bench, and that’s it.”

The owner took pity, let the fox go, and she puts a goose for him to save; the owner put him behind bars with turkeys. But rumors about a fox have already reached here from the bazaar.

So the owner thinks: “Is this not the fox that the people are talking about?” - and began to look after her. And she, as kind, lay down on the bench and lowered her tail under the bench; she herself listens when the owners fall asleep. The old woman began to snore, and the old man pretended to be asleep. Here the fox jumped to the grate, grabbed her goose, bit it, plucked it and began to eat. He eats, eats and rests - suddenly you can’t overcome the goose! She ate and ate, and the old man keeps looking and sees that the fox, having collected the bones and feathers, carried them under the stove, and she herself lay down again and fell asleep.

The fox slept even longer than before, - the owner began to wake her up:

- What, de, fox, slept, rested?

And the little fox only stretches and rubs her eyes.

- It's time for you, little fox, and it's an honor to know. It's time to get ready to go, - said the owner, opening the doors wide open for her.

And the fox answered him:

“It’s not enough to chill the hut, and I’ll go myself, but I’ll take my good in advance. Come on, my goose!

- What? the owner asked.

- Yes, that I gave you the evening for savings; did you take it from me?

“I did,” the owner replied.

- And he accepted, so give it, - the fox stuck.

- Your goose is not behind bars; come and see for yourself - only turkeys are sitting.

Hearing this, the cunning fox rushed to the floor and, well, killed herself, well, lamented that she would not even take a turkey for her goose!

The man realized the fox's tricks. “Wait,” he thinks, “you will remember the goose!”

“What to do,” he says. – Know, we must go with you to the world.

And he promised her a turkey for the goose. And instead of a turkey, he quietly put a dog in her bag. Lisonka did not guess, took the bag, said goodbye to the owner and went.

She walked and walked, and she wanted to sing a song about herself and about the bast shoes. So she sat down, put the sack on the ground, and had just begun to sing, when suddenly the master's dog jumped out of the sack - and on her, and she away from the dog, and the dog behind her, not a single step behind her.

Here both ran together into the forest; fox on stumps and bushes, and the dog behind her.

To fox's happiness, a hole happened; the fox jumped into it, but the dog did not crawl into the hole and began to wait over it to see if the fox would come out ...

And the fox breathes with fright, does not catch his breath, but after resting, she began to talk to herself, began to ask herself:

- My ears, ears, what did you do?

- And we listened and listened so that the dog would not eat the fox.

- My eyes, my eyes, what did you do?

- And we looked and looked so that the dog would not eat the fox!

- My legs, legs, what did you do?

- And we ran and ran so that the dog would not catch the fox.

“Ponytail, ponytail, what were you doing?”

- And I did not give you a move, I clung to all the stumps and knots.

“Ah, so you didn’t let me run!” Wait, here I am! - said the fox and, sticking his tail out of the hole, shouted to the dog: - Here, eat it!

The dog grabbed the fox by the tail and pulled it out of the hole.

Half Bear

Once upon a time there was a peasant in an extreme hut in the village, which stood near the forest itself. And a bear lived in the forest and, no matter what autumn, prepared for himself a dwelling, a lair, and lay down in it from autumn to the whole winter; lay and sucked his paw. The peasant worked in spring, summer and autumn, and in winter he ate cabbage soup and porridge and drank kvass. So the bear envied him; came to him and said:

Neighbor, let's make friends!

How to be friends with your brother: you, Mishka, will cripple you! - answered the man.

No, - said the bear, - I will not cripple. My word is strong - after all, I am not a wolf, not a fox: what I said, I will keep it! Let's start working together!

Okay, come on! - said the man.

They hit on the hands.

Then spring came, a peasant began to work on a plow and a harrow, and a bear breaks out his knitting from the forest and drags it. Having done the job, setting the plow, the man says:

Well, Mishenka, harness yourself, you have to raise the arable land. The bear harnessed to the plow, drove out into the field. The peasant, holding the handle, went after the plow, and Mishka goes ahead, dragging the plow on himself. He passed a furrow, passed another, passed a third, and on the fourth he says:

Isn't it full to plow?

Where are you going, - the man answers, - you still need to give a dozen or two ends!

Mishka was exhausted at work. As soon as he finished, he immediately stretched out on the arable land.

The peasant began to dine, fed his comrade and said:

Now, Mishenka, let's sleep, and after resting, we must suddenly plow a row.

And another time they plowed.

Okay, - says the man, - come tomorrow, we will harrow and sow turnips. Only a deal is better than money. Let's put it in advance, if the arable land spoils, who should take what: is it all equal, is it all in half, or who has tops, and who has roots?

I'm tops, - said the bear.

Well, all right, - the man repeated, - your tops, and my roots.

As it was said, so it was done: the arable land was harrowed the next day, turnips were sown and harrowed again.

Autumn has come, it's time to collect turnips. Our comrades equipped themselves, came to the field, pulled out, picked out turnips: apparently, invisible.

The peasant began to cut Mishka's share - cut the tops, heaped a heap from the mountain, and brought his turnips home in a wagon. And the bear went to the forest to carry the tops, dragged them all to his lair. I sat down, tried it, yes, apparently, I didn’t like it! ..

I went to the peasant, looked out the window; and the peasant steamed a sweet turnip, the pot is full, he eats and smacks his lips.

“Okay,” the bear thought, “I’ll be smarter ahead!”

The bear went into the forest, lay down in a den, sucked, sucked his paw, and from hunger fell asleep and slept through the whole winter.

Spring came, the bear got up, thin, skinny, hungry, and went again to stuff himself into a neighbor's workers - to sow wheat.

We fixed the plow with a harrow. The bear harnessed itself and went to drag the plow across the arable land! He got tired, evaporated and became in the shade.

The peasant himself ate, fed the bear, and both lay down to sleep. Having slept, the man began to wake Mishka:

It's time to suddenly plow a row. Nothing to do, Mishka set to work! When the arable land was finished, the bear said:

Well, man, a deal is better than money. Let's agree now: this time the tops are yours, and the roots are mine. Okay, right?

Okay! - said the man. - Your roots, my tops! They hit on the hands. The next day they harrowed the arable land, sowed wheat, walked along the field with a harrow and once again immediately mentioned that now the roots are for the bear, and the peasant is tops.

The time has come to harvest the wheat; the peasant reaps tirelessly; squeezed, threshed and brought to the mill. Mishka also took up his share; pulled up whole heaps of straw with roots and went to carry it into the forest to his lair. He dragged all the straw, sat on a stump to rest and taste his work. Chewed straws badly! Chewed the roots - no better than that! Mishka went to the peasant, looked out the window, and the peasant was sitting at the table, eating wheat cakes, drinking brew and wiping his beard.

“It can be seen that it’s my share,” thought the bear, “that there’s no use from my work: I’ll take a few inches - a few inches are not good; I'll take the roots - the roots are not eaten!

Here Mishka, out of grief, lay down in a lair and slept through the whole winter, and since then he has not gone to work with the peasant. If you are hungry, it is better to lie on your side.

About labor

A bear at work turns stones,
Cancer on the deck batters his shirt,
Wolves in the swamp thresh millet,
The cat on the stove crushes crackers,
The cat in the window sews a fly,
The chicken-ryabushechka sweeps the hut,
The spider in the corner warps the base,
A duck in a hut sharpens canvases,
Drake-pie-maker bakes pies,
A cow in matting is the most expensive -
He stands in the hut, milking with cheese-butter.

picky

There lived a husband and a wife. They had only two children - a daughter, Malashechka, and a son, Ivashechka.

The little girl was a dozen or more years old, and Ivashechka only went third.

Father and mother doted on children and spoiled them so much! If daughters need to be punished, they do not order, but ask. And then they start to please:

We'll give you one and we'll get another!

And as Malashechka became picky, there was no such other not only in the countryside, but tea, even in the city! You give her a loaf of bread, not just wheat, but rich, - Malashechka doesn’t even want to look at rye!

And the mother bakes a berry pie, so Malashechka says: “Kisel, give me honey!” There is nothing to do, the mother will scoop up a spoonful of honey and the whole piece will go down on her daughter's piece. She and her husband eat a pie without honey: although they were well off, they themselves could not eat so sweetly.

That time they needed to go to the city, they began to appease Malashka so that she would not be naughty, she looked after her brother, and most of all, so that she would not let him out of the hut.

And we’ll buy you gingerbread for this, and hot nuts, and a handkerchief for your head, and a sarafan with puffy buttons. - It was the mother who spoke, and the father agreed.

The daughter, however, let their speech in one ear, and let it out in the other.

So my father and mother left. Her friends came to her and began to call to sit on the grass-ant. The girl remembered the parental order, but she thought: “It’s not a big trouble if we go out into the street!” And their hut was extreme to the forest.

Her friends lured her into the forest with a child - she sat down and began to weave wreaths for her brother. Her friends beckoned her to play kites, she went for a minute and played for an hour.

She returned to her brother. Oh, there is no brother, and the place where he was sitting has cooled down, only the grass is dented.

What to do? She rushed to her friends - she did not know, the other did not see. Howled Little Baby, ran wherever her eyes looked to look for her brother; ran, ran, ran, ran into the field on the stove.

Furnace, oven! Have you seen my brother Ivashechka?

And the stove says to her:

Picky girl, eat my rye bread, eat, so I say!

Here, I will eat rye bread! I’m at my mother’s and my father’s, and I don’t even look at wheat!

Hey, little girl, eat bread, and pies are ahead! the oven told her.

Didn't you see where brother Ivashechka had gone?

And the apple tree in response:

Picky girl, eat my wild, sour apple - maybe, then I'll tell you!

Here, I will eat sour! My father and mother have a lot of garden ones - and then I eat according to my choice!

The apple tree shook its curly top at her and said:

They gave hungry Malanya pancakes, and she says: “Baked wrong!”

River-river! Have you seen my brother Ivashechka?

And the river answered her:

Come on, picky girl, eat ahead of me my oatmeal pudding with milk, then, perhaps, I'll give you news about my brother.

I will eat your jelly with milk! My father and mother and cream are not a wonder!

Eh, - the river threatened her, - do not hesitate to drink from the ladle!

- Hedgehog, hedgehog, have you seen my brother?

And the hedgehog in response:

I saw, a girl, a flock of gray geese, they carried into the forest on themselves a small child in a red shirt.

Ah, this is my brother Ivashechka! yelled the picky girl. - Hedgehog, my dear, tell me where they carried him?

So the hedgehog began to tell her: that Yaga Baba lives in this dense forest, in a hut on chicken legs; she hired gray geese as servants, and whatever she orders them, the geese do.

And well, little hedgehog to ask, caress the hedgehog:

- Hedgehog you are my ryabenko, hedgehog needle! Take me to the hut on chicken legs!

All right, - he said, and led Malashechka into the very thicket, and in the thicket of that all edible herbs grow: sorrel and hogweed, gray-haired blackberries curl through the trees, intertwine, cling to bushes, large berries ripen in the sun.

"Here's to eat!" - thinks Malashechka, is it up to her to eat! She waved at the gray wickerwork and ran after the hedgehog. He led her to an old hut on chicken legs.

The little girl looked into the open door and sees - in the corner on the bench Baba Yaga is sleeping, and on the counter (The counter is a wide bench attached to the wall.) Ivashka is sitting, playing with flowers.

She grabbed her brother in her arms and out of the hut!

And geese-mercenaries are sensitive. The watch goose stretched out its neck, bellowed, flapped its wings, flew up higher than the dense forest, looked around and saw that Tiny and her brother were running. The gray goose shouted, cackled, raised the whole herd of goose, and flew off to Baba Yaga to report. And Baba Yaga - the bone leg sleeps so much that steam pours from it, the windows tremble from snoring. The goose is screaming in that ear and in the other - she does not hear! The plucker got angry, plucked Yaga right in the nose. Baba Yaga jumped up, grabbed her nose, and the gray goose began to report to her:

Baba Yaga - bone leg! Something went wrong at our house - Ivashechka Malashechka is bringing home!

Here Baba Yaga how diverged!

Oh, you drones, parasites, from which I sing, feed you! Take it out and put it down, give me a brother and sister!

The geese flew in pursuit. They fly and call to each other. Malashechka heard the cry of a goose, ran up to the milky river, the jelly banks, bowed low to her and said:

Mother River! Hide, bury me from the wild geese!

And the river answered her:

Picky girl, eat ahead of my oatmeal jelly with milk.

Tired of the hungry Malashechka, she eagerly ate the peasant's jelly, leaned against the river and drank to her heart's content milk. Here is the river and says to her:

So you, fastidious, need to be taught by hunger! Well, now sit under the bank, I will close you.

The little girl sat down, the river covered her with green reeds; the geese swooped in, circled over the river, looked for their brother and sister, and with that they flew home.

Yaga got angry more than ever and drove them away again after the children. Here the geese fly in pursuit, fly and call to each other, and Malashechka, hearing them, ran faster than before. She ran up to a wild apple tree and asked her:

Mother, green apple tree! Bury me, hide me from inevitable misfortune, from evil geese!

And the apple tree answered her:

And eat my native sour apple, so, perhaps, I will hide you!

There was nothing to do, the fastidious girl began to eat a wild apple, and the wild apple seemed to the hungry Malasha sweeter than a bulk garden apple.

And the curly apple tree stands and chuckles:

That's how you freaks need to be taught! Just now I didn’t want to take it in my mouth, and now eat over a handful!

She took an apple tree, hugged her brother and sister with branches and planted them in the middle, in the thickest foliage.

Geese flew in, examined the apple tree - there is no one! They flew back and forth, and with that to Baba Yaga and returned.

When she saw them empty, she screamed, stomped, yelled through the whole forest:

Here I am, drones! Here I am, parasites! I'll pluck all the feathers, blow them into the wind, swallow them alive!

The geese were frightened, flew back for Ivashechka and Malashechka. They fly and plaintively with each other, the front with the back, they call to each other:

Tu-ta, tu-ta? Tu-ta no-tu!

It was getting dark in the field, there was nothing to see, there was nowhere to hide, and the wild geese were getting closer and closer; and the choosy girl's legs, arms are tired - she barely trudges.

Here she sees - in the field there is that oven that she regaled her with rye bread. She to the oven:

Mother oven, hide me and my brother from Baba Yaga!

That’s it, girl, you should obey your father-mother, don’t go to the forest, don’t take your brother, stay at home and eat what your father and mother eat! And then “I don’t eat boiled, I don’t want stove, but I don’t need fried food!”

So Malashechka began to beg the stove, to belittle: go ahead, I won’t do that!

Well, I'll take a look. While you eat my rye bread!

With joy, Malashechka grabbed him and, well, eat and feed her brother!

I have never seen such bread in my life - like a gingerbread gingerbread!

And the stove, laughing, says:

A hungry and rye bread goes for a gingerbread, but a well-fed and Vyazma gingerbread is not sweet! Well, now climb into the mouth, - said the stove, - and shield yourself with a barrier.

Here Malashka quickly sat down in the oven, shut herself up with a barrier, sits and listens to the geese flying closer and closer, plaintively asking each other:

Tu-ta, tu-ta? Tu-ta no-tu!

Here they flew around the stove. They did not find Malashechka, they sank to the ground and began to talk among themselves: what should they do now? You can’t turn back home: the hostess will eat them alive. You can’t stay here either: she orders them all to be shot.

Unless, brothers, - said the leading leader, - let's return home, to warm lands - Baba Yaga has no access there!

The geese agreed, took off from the ground and flew far, far away, beyond the blue seas.

Having rested, Malashechka grabbed her brother and ran home, and at home, father and mother went all over the village, asking everyone they met and cross about the children; no one knows anything, only the shepherd said that the guys were playing in the forest.

My father and mother wandered into the forest, but nearby sat down on Malashechka with Ivashechka and stumbled.

Then Malashechka confessed everything to her father and mother, told about everything and promised to obey in advance, not to argue, not to be picky, but to eat what others eat.

As she said, so she did, and then the fairy tale ended.

Old man-year-old

The old man came out. He began to wave his sleeve and let the birds go. Each bird has its own special name. The old man waved his yearling for the first time - and the first three birds flew. It blew cold, frost.

The old man waved his yearling a second time - and the second three flew. The snow began to melt, flowers appeared on the fields.

The old man waved his yearling for the third time - the third trio flew. It became hot, stuffy, sultry. The men began to harvest rye.

The old man waved the yearling for the fourth time - and three more birds flew. A cold wind blew, frequent rain fell, and mists lay.

And the birds were not ordinary. Each bird has four wings. Each wing has seven feathers. Each pen also has its own name. One half of the feather is white, the other is black. A bird will wave once - it will become light-light, it will wave another - it will become dark-dark.

What kind of birds flew out of the sleeve of the old one-year-old man?

What are the four wings of each bird?

What are the seven feathers in each wing?

What does it mean that each feather has one half white and the other black?

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal is a writer, doctor, lexicographer, the person who created the Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language. In 1832, a collection of works "Russian Tales" was published in the country, which Vladimir Dal wrote more than 100 years ago under the name of Vladimir Lugansky. All the stories in the book are a stylization of Russian folk tales collected by enthusiasts all over Russia. Nationality always manifests itself in unusual plots that are quite close to folklore, there are unusually many proverbs, there are also repetitive moments, and sometimes there is a generalized meaning of characters.

Vladimir Dal wrote his fairy tales for children, as well as for adults. Vladimir Ivanovich Dal created stories quite close to folklore (for example, "The Snow Maiden", "The Fox and the Bear" or "The Mushroom War" and "The Crane and the Heron").

The writer here tries to use different plots or their individual elements, makes his own exhibitions of drawings in order to try to make the logical perception of his works simpler. Moralization plays a huge role. The language that fills Dahl's fairy tales creates an extraordinary aura of childhood. The child is happy to perceive the rhythmic and simple speech of fairy tales.

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal wrote fairy tales for adults, which are more ironic in nature, folklore characters are used less and less. A typical motif for Dahl's fairy tale is the interaction of some kind of evil spirit and an ordinary peasant. The social subtext is important - the confrontation between the lower and upper strata of our society. Folk speech is often mixed with literary vocabulary. The fabulous manner that fills the stories Dahl tried to bring closer to folk speech. It is worth noting that there are also descriptions of the common people's life and customs of the old life. In this category, all fairy tales from far away can be read absolutely free of charge online, and a corresponding illustration is attached to each fairy tale.

In the red summer, there is a lot of everything in the forest - and all kinds of mushrooms and all kinds of berries: strawberries with blueberries, and raspberries with blackberries, and black currants. Girls walk through the forest, pick berries, sing songs, and the boletus mushroom, sitting under an oak tree, puffs up, pouts, rushes out of the ground, gets angry at the berries: “Look, what they have born! now no one will look at us ...

A fairy tale is composed of adventures, it flaunts with sayings, it responds to past fables, it does not chase after everyday stories; and whoever is going to listen to my fairy tale, let him not be angry at Russian sayings, let him not be afraid of homegrown language; I have a storyteller in bast shoes; he didn’t stagger on the parquets, the vaults were painted, his speeches were intricate only according to fairy tales alone ...

Brief biography, life and work of Vladimir Dahl

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal is a Russian scientist and writer. He was a corresponding member of the Physics and Mathematics Department of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. He was one of the 12 founders of the Russian Geographical Society. He knew at least 12 languages, including several Turkic ones. He was best known for compiling the Explanatory Dictionary of the Great Russian Language.

Family of Vladimir Dahl

Vladimir Dal, whose biography is well known to all fans of his work, was born in 1801 on the territory of modern Lugansk (Ukraine).

His father was a Dane, and Ivan took the Russian name along with Russian citizenship in 1799. Ivan Matveyevich Dal knew French, Greek, English, Yiddish, Hebrew, Latin and German, was a physician and theologian. His linguistic abilities were so high that Catherine II herself invited Ivan Matveyevich to St. Petersburg to work in the court library. He later went to Jena to train as a doctor, then returned to Russia and obtained a medical license.

In St. Petersburg, Ivan Matveyevich married Maria Freitag. They had 4 boys:

Vladimir (born 1801).
Carl (b. 1802). He served in the Navy all his life, had no children. Buried in Nikolaev (Ukraine).
Pavel (born 1805). He suffered from consumption and, due to poor health, lived with his mother in Italy. Didn't have children. He died young and was buried in Rome.
Leo (year of birth unknown). He was killed by Polish rebels.
Maria Dahl knew 5 languages. Her mother was a descendant of an old family of French Huguenots and studied Russian literature. Most often she translated into Russian the works of A. V. Iffland and S. Gesner. Maria Dahl's grandfather is a pawnshop official, a collegiate assessor. In fact, it was he who forced the father of the future writer to get the medical profession, considering it one of the most profitable.

Study of Vladimir Dahl

Primary education Vladimir Dal, whose brief biography is in textbooks on literature, received at home. Parents from childhood instilled in him a love of reading.

At the age of 13, Vladimir, together with his younger brother, entered the St. Petersburg Cadet Corps. There they studied for 5 years. In 1819, Dahl graduated as a midshipman. By the way, he will write about his studies and service in the navy 20 years later in the story "Midshipman Kisses, or look back tenaciously."

Having served in the Navy until 1826, Vladimir entered the medical faculty of Dorpat University. He made a living giving Russian lessons. Due to lack of funds, he had to live in an attic closet. Two years later, Dahl was enrolled in state-owned pupils. As one of his biographers wrote: "Vladimir plunged headlong into his studies." He especially leaned on the Latin language. And for his work on philosophy, he was even awarded a silver medal.

I had to interrupt my studies with the beginning of the Russian-Turkish war in 1828. In the Transdanubian region, cases of plague increased, and the army in the field needed to strengthen the medical service. Vladimir Dal, whose brief biography is known even to foreign writers, passed the exam for a surgeon ahead of schedule. His dissertation was entitled "On a successful method of trepanation of the skull and on hidden ulceration of the kidneys."

Medical activity of Vladimir Dahl

During the battles of the Polish and Russian-Turkish companies, Vladimir showed himself to be a brilliant military doctor. In 1832, he got a job as an intern at the St. Petersburg hospital and soon became a well-known and respected doctor in the city.

P. I. Melnikov (Dal's biographer) wrote: “Departing from surgical practice, Vladimir Ivanovich did not leave medicine. He found new passions - homeopathy and ophthalmology.

Military activities of Vladimir Dahl

Dahl's biography, a brief summary of which shows that Vladimir always achieved his goals, describes a case when the writer proved himself to be a soldier. This happened in 1831 when General Ridiger was crossing the Vistula River (Polish company). Dahl helped build a bridge over it, defended it, and after the crossing, destroyed it. For non-fulfillment of direct medical duties, Vladimir Ivanovich received a reprimand from his superiors. But later, the tsar personally awarded the future ethnographer with the Vladimir Cross.

First steps in literature

Dahl, whose brief biography was well known to his descendants, began his literary career with a scandal. He composed an epigram for Craig, the commander-in-chief of the Black Sea Fleet, and Yulia Kulchinskaya, his common-law wife. For this, Vladimir Ivanovich was arrested in September 1823 for 9 months. After the acquittal of the court, he moved from Nikolaev to Kronstadt.

In 1827, Dahl published his first poems in the Slavyanin magazine. And in 1830 he revealed himself as a prose writer in the story "Gypsy", published in the Moscow Telegraph. Unfortunately, within the framework of one article it is impossible to tell in detail about this wonderful work. If you want to get more information, you can refer to thematic encyclopedias. Reviews of the story can be in the section "Vladimir Dal: Biography". The writer also compiled several books for children. The greatest success was enjoyed by "First Pervinka", as well as "Pervinka Another".

Confession and second arrest

As a writer, Vladimir Dal, whose biography is well known to all schoolchildren, became famous thanks to his book Russian Tales, published in 1832. The rector of the Derpt Institute invited his former student to the department of Russian literature. Vladimir's book was accepted as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Now everyone knew that Dahl was a writer whose biography is an example to follow. But trouble happened. The work was rejected by the Minister of Education himself as unreliable. The reason for this was the denunciation of the official Mordvinov.

Dahl's biography describes this event as follows. At the end of 1832, Vladimir Ivanovich made a detour around the hospital where he worked. People in uniform came, arrested him and took him to Mordvinov. He attacked the doctor with vulgar abuse, waving "" in front of his nose, and sent the writer to prison. Zhukovsky helped Vladimir, who at that time was the teacher of Alexander, the son of Nicholas I. Zhukovsky described to the heir to the throne everything that happened in an anecdotal light, describing Dahl as a modest and talented person, awarded medals and orders for military service. Alexander convinced his father of the absurdity of the situation and Vladimir Ivanovich was released.

Acquaintance and friendship with Pushkin

Any published biography of Dahl contains a moment of acquaintance with the great poet. Zhukovsky repeatedly promised Vladimir that he would introduce him to Pushkin. Dal got tired of waiting and, taking a copy of the "Russian Fairy Tales", which were withdrawn from sale, went to introduce himself to Alexander Sergeevich on his own. Pushkin, in response, also presented Vladimir Ivanovich with a book - "The Tale of the Priest and his worker Balda." Thus began their friendship.

At the end of 1836, Vladimir Ivanovich arrived in St. Petersburg. Pushkin visited him many times and asked about linguistic findings. The poet really liked the word “creep out” heard from Dahl. It meant the skin that snakes and snakes shed after wintering. During the next visit, Alexander Sergeevich asked Dahl, pointing to his coat: “Well, is my crawl out good? I won't crawl out of it soon. I will write masterpieces in it!” In this frock coat he was in a duel. In order not to cause unnecessary suffering to the wounded poet, the “creep out” had to be flogged. By the way, even Dahl's biography for children describes this case.

Vladimir Ivanovich took part in the treatment of the mortal wound of Alexander Sergeevich, although the poet's relatives did not invite Dahl. Learning that a friend was badly wounded, he came to him himself. Pushkin was surrounded by several distinguished doctors. In addition to Ivan Spassky (the Pushkins' family doctor) and court physician Nikolai Arendt, three more specialists were present. Alexander Sergeevich joyfully greeted Dahl and asked with a plea: “Tell the truth, am I going to die soon?” Vladimir Ivanovich answered professionally: "We hope that everything will be fine and you should not despair." The poet shook his hand and thanked him.

Being near death, Pushkin gave Dal his gold ring with an emerald, with the words: "Vladimir, take it as a keepsake." And when the writer shook his head, Alexander Sergeevich repeated: “Take it, my friend, I am no longer destined to compose.” Subsequently, Dahl wrote about this gift to V. Odoevsky: “As soon as I look at this ring, I immediately want to create something decent.” Dahl visited the poet's widow in order to return the gift. But Natalya Nikolaevna did not accept him, saying: “No, Vladimir Ivanovich, this is for your memory. And yet, I want to give you his frock coat pierced by a bullet. It was the crawl-out frock coat described above.

Marriage of Vladimir Dahl

In 1833, Dahl's biography was marked by an important event: he married Julia Andre. By the way, Pushkin himself knew her personally. Julia conveyed her impressions of her acquaintance with the poet in letters to E. Voronina. Together with his wife, Vladimir moved to Orenburg, where they had two children. In 1834, the son Leo was born, and 4 years later, the daughter Yulia. Together with his family, Dahl was transferred as an official for special assignments under the governor V. A. Perovsky.

Ovdovev, Vladimir Ivanovich remarried in 1840 to Ekaterina Sokolova. She bore the writer three daughters: Maria, Olga and Ekaterina. The latter wrote memoirs about her father, which were published in 1878 in the Russky Vestnik magazine.

Naturalist

In 1838, for the collection of collections on the fauna and flora of the Orenburg region, Dal was elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences at the department of natural sciences.

Dictionary

Anyone who knows Dahl's biography knows about the writer's main work, the Explanatory Dictionary. When it was assembled and processed to the letter "P", Vladimir Ivanovich wanted to retire and fully concentrate on working on his brainchild. In 1859, Dahl moved to Moscow and settled in the house of Prince Shcherbaty, who wrote The History of the Russian State. In this house, the last stages of work on the dictionary, which is still unsurpassed in terms of volume, took place.

Dahl set himself tasks that can be expressed in two quotes: “The living language of the people should become a treasure trove and a source for the development of competent Russian speech”; “General definitions of concepts, objects and words are an impossible and useless undertaking.” And the more everyday and simpler the subject, the more intricate it is. The explanation and transmission of the word to other people is much more intelligible than any definition. And examples help to clarify the matter even more.

To achieve this great goal, the linguist Dahl, whose biography is in many literary encyclopedias, spent 53 years. Here is what Kotlyarevsky wrote about the dictionary: “Literature, Russian science and the whole society received a monument worthy of the greatness of our people. Dahl's work will be the pride of future generations."

In 1861, for the first editions of the dictionary, the Imperial Geographical Society awarded Vladimir Ivanovich the Konstantinovsky medal. In 1868 he was elected an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences. And after the publication of all volumes of the dictionary, Dal received the Lomonosov Prize.

The last years of Vladimir Dahl

In 1871, the writer fell ill and invited an Orthodox priest on this occasion. Dahl did this because he wanted to take communion according to the Orthodox rite. That is, shortly before his death, he converted to Orthodoxy.

In September 1872, Vladimir Ivanovich Dal, whose biography was described above, died. He was buried with his wife at the Vagankovsky cemetery. Six years later, his son Leo was buried in the same place.
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Vladimir Dal. Fairy tales for children.
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