The main character is heartbroken. Heroes of the comedy “Woe from Wit” by Griboyedov: list of characters (actors)

Griboedov's contemporaries admired the language of the comedy "Woe from Wit." Pushkin also wrote that half of the verses of the play will become proverbs. Then N.K. Piksanov noted the peculiar speech flavor of Griboedov’s comedy, the “liveliness of the spoken language,” and the characteristic speech of the characters. Each of the characters in “Woe from Wit” is endowed with a special speech characteristic of his position, lifestyle, characteristics of his internal appearance and temperament.

So, Famusov is an old Moscow gentleman, a government official who defends in a comedy life values"the century of the past." Social status Pavel Afanasyevich is stable, he is an intelligent person, very confident, respected in his circle. His opinion is listened to, he is often invited “to name days” and “to funerals.” Famusov is kind by nature, he is hospitable and hospitable in Russian, he values family ties, is insightful in its own way. However, Pavel Afanasyevich is not a stranger to a certain self-interest; on occasion he can also play cunning, he is not averse to dragging himself after the maid. Social status this character, his psychological appearance, his character and life circumstances correspond to his speech in the play.

Famusov’s speech, according to the remark of A. S. Orlov, resembles the speech of the old Moscow nobility, with its folk, conversational manner, colorful, figurative and apt. Pavel Afanasyevich is prone to philosophizing, didacticism, witty remarks, brevity of formulations and laconism. His speech style is unusually agile, lively, emotional, which indicates the hero’s intelligence, his temperament, insight, and a certain artistry.

Famusov reacts to the situation instantly, he expresses his “momentary opinion”, and then begins to talk about this topic more “abstractly”, considering the situation in the context of his life experience, knowledge about human nature, about secular life, in the context of the “century” and time. Famusov's thought is prone to synthesis, to philosophical generalizations, to irony.

Upon arrival, Chatsky asks why Pavel Afanasyevich is sad, - Famusov immediately finds an apt answer:

Oh! Father, I found a riddle,
I'm not happy!.. At my age
You can’t start squatting on me!

Finding his daughter with Molchalin early in the morning, Famusov becomes fatherly strict and well-intentioned:

And you, madam, almost jumped out of bed,

With a man! with the young one! - Something to do for a girl!

Pavel Afanasyevich can analyze the situation, tracing the cause-and-effect relationships in it:

He reads tall tales all night,

And here are the fruits of these books!

And all the Kuznetsky Bridge, and the eternal French,

Destroyers of pockets and hearts!

In a comedy, the hero appears in a variety of guises - a caring father, an important gentleman, an old red tape, etc. Therefore, Pavel Afanasyevich’s intonations are very diverse; he feels his interlocutor perfectly (N.K. Piksanov). With Molchalin and Liza, Famusov’s servants speak like his own, without ceremony. With his daughter, he maintains a strictly good-natured tone, didactic intonations appear in his speech, but love is also felt.

It is characteristic that the same didacticism and parental intonations appear in the dialogues of Pavel Afanasyevich with Chatsky. Behind these moral teachings, paradoxically, there is a special, fatherly attitude towards Chatsky, who grew up with Sophia in front of Famusov’s eyes. “Brother” and “friend” - this is how Famusov addresses his former pupil. At the beginning of the comedy, he is sincerely happy about Chatsky’s arrival and tries to instruct him in a fatherly way. “That’s it, you are all proud! Would you ask what the fathers did? — Famusov perceives Chatsky not only as inexperienced young man, but also as a son, not at all excluding the possibility of his marriage with Sophia.

Famusov often uses popular expressions: “potion, spoiled girl”, “suddenly fell in a row”, “grief to grieve”, “neither give nor take.”

Remarkable in its imagery and temperament is Pavel Afanasyevich’s monologue about Moscow, his indignation at the dominance of everything foreign in the education of Moscow young ladies:

We take tramps, both into the house and with tickets,

To teach our daughters everything, everything,

And dancing! and foam! and tenderness! and sigh!

It’s as if we are preparing them as wives for buffoons.

Many of Famusov’s statements have become aphorisms: “What a commission, creator, to be a father to an adult daughter!”, “Learning is a plague, learning is the reason,” “Signed, so off your shoulders.”

The speech of old woman Khlestova is close to Famusov’s speech. As N.K. Piksanov notes, Khlestova speaks “in the most seasoned, most colorful language.” Her speech is figurative, accurate, and her intonations are confident. In the language of Famusov's sister-in-law there are many folk expressions: “I drove for an hour”, “he was a daredevil for three fathoms”, “they got a handout from dinner.”

Skalozub’s speech is also unusually characteristic - primitive, abrupt, rude in meaning and intonation. His vocabulary includes many military terms: “sergeant major,” “divisions,” “brigadier general,” “line,” “distances,” “corps” — which are often used inappropriately. So, sharing Famusov’s admiration for Moscow, he says: “The distances are enormous.” Hearing about Molchalin’s fall from his horse, he declares:

He tightened the reins. Well, what a miserable rider.
Look at how it cracked - in the chest or in the side?

Sometimes Skalozub does not understand what the interlocutor is talking about, interpreting what he heard in his own way. Sophia gives an exhaustive description of the hero’s speech: “He hasn’t uttered a smart word in his life.”

As A.I. Revyakin notes, Skalozub is tongue-tied. He doesn't know Russian well, confuses words, and doesn't follow grammar rules. So, he says to Famusov: “I am ashamed, like an honest officer.” Skalozub’s speech thus emphasizes the hero’s mental limitations, his rudeness and ignorance, and narrow-mindedness.

Molchalin's speech also corresponds to his inner appearance. The main features of this character are flattery, sycophancy, and humility. Molchalin’s speech is characterized by self-deprecating intonations, words with diminutive suffixes, an obsequious tone, exaggerated courtesy: “two-s,” “still-s,” “forgive me, for God’s sake,” “little face,” “angel.” Molchalin is mostly laconic; his “eloquence” awakens only in a conversation with Liza, to whom he reveals his true face.

Among the characters of Famusov’s Moscow, he stands out for his colorful speech “member secret alliance» Repetilov. This is an empty, frivolous, careless person, a talker, a drinker, a regular at the English Club. His speech is endless stories about himself, about his family, about the “most secret union,” accompanied by ridiculous oaths and derogatory confessions. The hero’s speech style is conveyed by only one phrase: “We’re making noise, brother, we’re making noise.” Chatsky comes to despair from Repetilov’s “lies” and “nonsense.”

As A. S. Orlov noted, “Repetilov’s speech is very interesting due to the diversity of its composition: it is a mixture of salon chatter, bohemia, circles, theater and vernacular, which was the result of Repetilov’s wandering around different strata of society.” This character is characterized by both vernacular and high-style expressions.

It is worth noting the originality of the Countess-grandmother’s speech style. As V. A. Filippov notes, this heroine is not at all tongue-tied. Her “wrong”, non-Russian accent is determined by her nationality. Old woman Khryumina is a German woman who never mastered the Russian language or Russian accent.

The speech of Chatsky differs from the speech of all the characters, who to a certain extent is a hero-reasoner expressing the author’s views in the comedy. Chatsky is a representative of the “present century”, criticizing all the vices of Moscow society. He is smart, educated, speaks correctly literary language. His speech is characterized by oratorical pathos, journalisticism, imagery and accuracy, wit, and energy. It is characteristic that even Famusov admires the eloquence of Alexander Andreevich: “he speaks as he writes.”

Chatsky has a special manner of conversation, different from the manner of other characters. As A. S. Orlov noted, “Chatsky recites as if from the stage, according to the satirical didacticism of the author. Chatsky’s speeches take the form of monologues even in conversation, or are expressed in the shortest remarks, as if shooting at the interlocutor.”

Often this character’s speeches contain irony, sarcasm, and parody intonations:

Oh! France! There is no better region in the world! —

The two princesses, sisters, decided, repeating

A lesson that they have learned since childhood.

What is remarkable in the play is Chatsky’s monologue, in which he, with all the fervor and noble indignation, attacks the social order, the bureaucracy of officials, bribery, serfdom, and rigidity of views. modern society, callousness public morality. This passionate, freedom-loving speech clearly characterizes the hero’s inner appearance, his temperament, intelligence and erudition, and worldview. Moreover, Chatsky’s speech is very natural, vitally truthful, and realistic. As I. A. Goncharov wrote, “it is impossible to imagine that another, more natural, simpler, more taken from life speech could ever appear.”

Many of Chatsky’s statements have become aphorisms: “And the smoke of the fatherland is sweet and pleasant to us,” “The tradition is fresh, but hard to believe,” “The houses are new, but the prejudices are old,” “Who are the judges?”

Sophia also speaks quite correct literary language in the play, which indicates her good education, well-readness, and intelligence. Like Famusov, she is prone to philosophizing: “ Happy Hours They’re not watching.” Sophia’s expressions are pointed, figurative, aphoristic: “Not a person, a snake,” “The hero is not my novel.” However, the heroine’s speech was greatly influenced French. As N.K. Piksanov notes, in Sophia’s speech “there are whole tirades, remarks, stated in unclear, heavy language, with a non-Russian arrangement of sentence parts, with direct syntactic irregularities”:

But every little thing in others frightens me,

Although there is no great misfortune from

Even though he’s a stranger to me, I don’t care.

Lisa speaks in an unusually lively, lively language in the play. It contains both vernacular and high-style words. Lisa’s statements are also apt and aphoristic:

Pass us away more than all sorrows

AND lordly anger, and lordly love.

The comedy "Woe from Wit" is written in a simple, light and at the same time bright, imaginative, juicy and expressive language. Each of her words, as Belinsky notes, breathes “comic life”, amazes with “quickness of mind”, “originality of turns”, “poetry of models”.

Characteristics of the main characters of the work Woe from Wit, Griboedov. Their images and description

The main male and only positive character comedies. He was left an orphan quite early, and was brought up in the house of his father’s friend, Famusov. The patron gave him an excellent education, but could not instill in Chatsky his worldview. Having matured, Chatsky began to live separately. Subsequently, he quit military service, but did not serve as an official.

One of the main characters of the comedy. If you translate the surname Famusov from Latin, it will mean “famous, famous.” Famusov lives on the estate, but judging by his many friends, he is very a famous person in your circle. He likes to brag that he belongs to the noble nobility. Famusov is hospitable, sociable, and loves to live large.

Central female character comedies. Events unfold around her. Sophia is 17 years old, she was raised by her father and old lady Rosier. She lost her mother when she was very young. Sophia is very beautiful, smart, witty and quick-witted, but due to reading French novels, she is a little sentimental and romantic.

Most negative character in comedy. He does not belong to the upper strata of society, he comes from common people. Came to work from Tver. Lives in Famusov's house, works as a secretary and takes care of his daughter Sophia. Strives to make a career. The goal of his life is the highest ranks and wealth.

A minor but very important character in the comedy is a cheerful, young maid who lives and works in Famusov’s house. She is a typical soubrette who helps her mistress Sophia in love affairs. We can say that Lisa is smart and very smart.

A minor character, a rich colonel who wants to become a general, and Famusov sees in him the ideal groom for his daughter. Although Khlestova did not like him, he had weight in society. Skalozub's whole life is connected with the army. He is rude and ignorant, having been raised in the barracks.

A minor character in the comedy, one of the first guests at the ball in Famusov’s house; a typical representative of the “Famus society”, henpecked and hypocrite. Pyotr Ilyich appears at the ball not alone, but with his whole family - with his malicious and sarcastic wife Marya Alekseevna and six daughters of marriageable age.

A minor character in the comedy who appears last at Famusov's ball. He is an old friend of Chatsky, as can be judged by the words with which he greets him: “ Heart friend! Dear friend! On the other hand, it soon becomes clear that this character is just an empty talker and a superficial person.

One of the most memorable secondary heroines of the comedy, with whom the author introduces the reader at Famusov’s party; an imperious and rude serf lady. Full name heroine - Anfisa Nilovna Khlestova. She is Famusov’s sister-in-law, and accordingly Sophia’s aunt.

A minor character in a comedy. He appears at a party in Famusov's house and perfectly complements the assembled society. This is a secular man, well known in wide circles. He loves to go to the theater, attend balls and parties. At the same time, everyone knows that Zagoretsky is a notorious swindler, gambler and rogue.

One of the most memorable supporting characters in comedy; Famusov's guest and Chatsky's old friend. Platon Mikhailovich Gorich served with Chatsky in the same regiment. Now he has retired, married and lives in Moscow. Chatsky notices the change that occurred in his comrade after marriage, and is ironic about this.

Wife of Platon Mikhailovich Gorich in the comedy; shining example embodiment of female power. Natalya Dmitrievna completely subjugated her husband, treating him like a child every now and then, annoyingly caring for him. With her excessive concern for Platon Mikhailovich’s health, she killed his passion for life, that enthusiasm that Chatsky had previously seen in his eyes.

IN Russian classics Griboyedov is known as the author of the first comedy, combining examples of classicism and realism, although he had other comedies created earlier. Previously created plays included the beginnings of a combination various styles to found a new, but the true result of the innovative genre, was Griboedov’s work “Woe from Wit.” The author came up with the idea for the play in 1820; the writer received significant assistance in describing the characters from the stories of his longtime friend, E. B. Grekhova. Griboedov’s comedy is considered the height of poetic dramaturgy; lines from the play instantly turned into quotes that are still used in our lives.

Characteristics of the heroes “Woe from Wit”

Main characters

Minor characters

In "Woe from Wit" the heroes, one of whom is Chatsky, show the conflict of generations. This play also contains off-stage characters, the list of which includes representatives of Moscow society. The main characters of "Woe from Wit", except for Chatsky, have no prototypes; some minor characters express the features of the author's contemporaries from literary society. This table, which gives characteristics of the heroes, can help in presenting summary plays.

Work test

Time phenomenon:

Act one.

1) Morning, the day is just dawning.

2) “It’s getting light!.. Ah! how quickly the night has passed!

3) “It’s already day!..”

4) “What time is it? // Everything in the house rose. // What time is it now? // Seventh, eighth, ninth.”

5) “Oh, it’s really dawn! (Puts out the candle.)..."

6) “Look at the clock, look out the window: / People have been pouring down the streets for a long time; / And in the house there is knocking, walking, sweeping and cleaning.”

Act three.

Act four.

1) Night. Poor lighting.

2) Repetilov “Where to direct the path now? / And it’s already approaching dawn.”

Characters of the play "Woe from Wit" (Intelligence, education, dignity, service, passion for foreign languages).

Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, manager at the government office.

F. about education : "Here you go! great misfortune, / That a man drinks too much! / Learning is the plague, learning is the reason, / That now, more than ever, / There are crazy people, and deeds, and opinions.”

“... If evil is to be stopped: / Take all the books and burn them.”

F. about books : “Tell me that it’s not good for her to spoil her eyes, / And there’s no great use in reading: / French books keep her from sleeping, / But Russian books make it painful for me to sleep.”

F. about the service : “By position, by service, I’m busy, / One pesters, another, everyone cares about me!...”

“I am afraid, sir, that I alone am mortally afraid, / So that many of them do not accumulate; / If you gave it free rein, it would have settled; / And for me, whatever it is, or not, / My custom is this: / It’s signed, so off your shoulders.”

F. about how to serve : “When it is necessary to serve one another, / And he bent over.”

F. about myself : “Look at me; I don’t boast about my build, / However, I am vigorous and fresh, and lived to see my gray hairs, / Free, widowed, I am my own master... / Known for my monastic behavior!..”

Ideal F. : “Here is an example of a commendable life: / The deceased was a respectable chamberlain, / With a key, and knew how to deliver the key to his son, / Rich, and was married to a rich woman, / Married children, grandchildren, / Died; everyone remembers him sadly. / Kuzma Petrovich! Peace be upon him, - / What kind of aces live and die in Moscow..."

Sofia about F. : “Grumpy, restless, quick, / Always like this, but from now on...”

Chatsky about F. : “...everything of the English club / An ancient, faithful member to the grave...”

Sofia Pavlovna, daughter of P.A. Famusova.

Famusov about the education of Sofia : “Now they will reproach me, / That I’m always judging to no avail. / Don’t cry, I mean it: / Don’t we care about yours / About your upbringing! from the cradle! / My mother died: I knew how to hire / A second mother to Madame Rosier. / He put the old golden woman under your supervision: / She was smart, had a quiet disposition, and rarely had rules. / One thing does not serve her to honor: / For the extra five hundred rubles a year / She allowed herself to be lured by others, / But the power does not lie in Madame. / There is no need for another example, / When the example of the father is in the eyes...”

Sofia about herself : “What do I need rumors? Whoever wants to, judges it that way...”

Lizanka, maid.

Famusov about Lisa : “What a naughty girl you are.”

Alexey Stepanovich Molchalin, Famusov’s secretary, living in his house.

M. about myself : “According to my efforts and efforts, / Since I have been listed in the Archive, / I have received three awards.”

“At my age one should not dare / to have one’s own judgment”; “After all, you have to depend on others.”

“We find protection where we don’t aim.”

“My father bequeathed to me: / First, to please all people without exception - / The owner where I happen to live, / The boss with whom I will serve, / His servant who cleans dresses, / The doorman, the janitor, to avoid evil, / To the janitor’s dog, so that it is affectionate.”

M. about his talents : “Two-s: / Moderation and accuracy.”

Famusov about Molchalin : “He warmed up the rootless one and brought him into my family, / Gave him the rank of assessor and took him on as secretary; / Transferred to Moscow through my assistance; / And if it weren’t for me, you would be smoking in Tver.”

Ch. about M. : “Molchalin was so stupid before!.. / A most pitiful creature!”

“Why not a husband? There is only little intelligence in him, / But in order to have children, / Who lacked intelligence? / Helpful, modest, with a blush in his face.”

“Molchalin! – Who else will settle everything so peacefully! / There he will pet the pug in time, / Here he will rub the card at the right time, / Zagoretsky will not die in it!”

Sofia about M. : “He served under his father for three years, / He often gets angry to no avail, / And he disarms him with silence, / From the kindness of his soul, he forgives. / And by the way, / I could look for fun; / Not at all: the old people won’t step outside the threshold, / We frolic, laugh, / He sits with them all day, whether he’s happy or not, / Plays...”

“Of course, he doesn’t have this mind, / What a genius is for others, and for others a plague, / Which is quick, brilliant and will soon become disgusted, / Which scolds the world on the spot, / So that the world would even say something about him, / Is that kind of will the mind make the family happy?”

“... compliant, modest, quiet, / There is not a shadow of anxiety in his face / And there are no offenses in his soul, / He doesn’t cut strangers at random...”

Alexander Andreevich Chatsky.

Part about Moscow : « And the smoke of the fatherland is sweet and pleasant to us! »

“A mixture of languages ​​still prevails: / French and Nizhny Novgorod?”

Part about passion for foreign languages:"Oh! if we were born to adopt everything, / At least we could borrow a little from the Chinese / Their wise ignorance of foreigners.”

Part about the service : “I would be glad to serve, but being served is sickening.”

Conversation between M. and Ch. about Ch.’s service. : “You were not given ranks, you were unsuccessful in your service? // Ranks are given by people, // But people can be deceived.” ; “Tatyana Yurievna told something, / Returning from St. Petersburg, / With the ministers about your connection, / Then the breakup...” ; “When I’m in business, I hide from fun, / When I’m fooling around, I’m fooling around, / And to mix these two crafts / There are tons of skilled people, I’m not one of them.”

Ch. about dignity in society F. and Ch. : “Those who are in need are arrogant, they lie in the dust, / And for those who are higher, they wove flattery like lace. / It was a direct age of obedience and fear, / All under the guise of zeal for the king. / I’m not talking about your uncle, / We won’t disturb his ashes; / But meanwhile, who will the hunt take, / Even in the most ardent servility / Now, in order to make people laugh, / Bravely sacrifice the back of your head?”

Famusov about Ch. : "Oh! My God! he’s a carbonari!” ; " A dangerous person! ; “He wants to preach freedom!” ; “He doesn’t recognize the authorities!”

“It doesn’t serve, that is, he doesn’t find any benefit in it, / But if he wanted, he would be businesslike. / It’s a pity, it’s a pity, he’s a little head, / And he writes and translates nicely.”

Sofia about Ch. : “... He knows how to make everyone laugh nicely; / Chatting, joking..."

“Sharp, smart, eloquent, / Especially happy with friends...”

“(to the side) Not a man! snake!"

Khlestov and Famusov about the number of “souls” in Ch. : “He was a sharp man, he had about three hundred souls. // Four. // Three, sir. // Four hundred. // No! three hundred."

Colonel Skalozub, Sergei Sergeevich.

S. about Nastasya Nikolaevna : “I don’t know, sir, it’s my fault; / She and I did not serve together.” - mind

S. (education) : “... I am ashamed, like an honest officer.”

S. about the service : “In the thirteenth year, my brother and I distinguished ourselves / In the thirtieth Jaeger, and then in the forty-fifth.”

“For the third of August; we settled into a trench; / Given to him with a bow, around my neck.”

“I am quite happy in my comrades, / Vacancies are just open, / Then the older ones will turn off others, / Others, you see, have been killed.”

“I just wish I could become a general.”

S. about the army : “And we will teach you officers, / What some even say, in French.”

Skalozub’s hopes: “I will make you happy: the general rumor / That there is a project about lyceums, schools, gymnasiums; / There they will only teach in our way: one, two; / And the books will be saved like this: for great occasions.”

Sofia and Lisa about S. : “For example, Colonel Skalozub; / And a golden bag, and aims to become a general. // How cute! and it’s fun for me to fear / Hear about the frunt and the rows; / He hasn’t uttered a smart word for a long time, - / I don’t care what’s for him, what’s in the water. // Yes, sir, so to speak, he is eloquent, but not very cunning..."

F. o S. : “A well-known man, respectable, / And he picked up a host of marks of distinction, / A rank beyond his years and an enviable rank, / Not today or tomorrow, a general.”

Ch. about S. : “Wheezer, strangler, bassoon, / A constellation of maneuvers and mazurkas!”

Natalya Dmitrievna (young lady) and Platon Mikhailovich Gorichi (her husband).

N.D. about P.M. : “Now retired, he was a military man; / And everyone who only knew before affirms, / That with his courage, with his talent, if he had continued his service, Of course he would have been a Moscow commandant.”

“My Platon Mikhailych is inclined to various activities, / Which are not there now - to exercises and shows, / To the arena... sometimes he gets bored in the morning.”

P.M. about balls : “Natasha-Mother, I doze off at balls, / I’m a mortal reluctance to them, / But I don’t resist, your worker, / I’m on duty after midnight, sometimes / To please you, no matter how sad, / I start dancing on command!”

Zagoretsky about P.M. : "Original! grumpy, but without the slightest malice.”

Ch. about P.M. : “Certainly, you became different in a short time, / Wasn’t it last year, at the end, / I knew you in the regiment? only morning: your foot is in the stirrup / And you are rushing around on a greyhound stallion; / The autumn wind blows either from the front or from the rear.”

Countess Khryumina (grandmother and granddaughter).

Passion for foreign : "Oh! Grand' maman! Well, who’s coming so early!”

“Eh! bon soir! vous voila! Jamais trop diligente / Vous nous donnez toujours le plaisir de l’attente.”

Countess granddaughter about society at Famusov's ball : “Well, ball! Well Famusov! He knew how to name guests! / Some freaks from the other world, / And no one to talk to, and no one to dance with.”

Anton Antonovich Zagoretsky.

P.M. Zagaretsky : “Go to women, lie to them and fool them; / I’ll tell you the truth about you, / Which is worse than any lie...”

P.M. about Zagoretsky : “What are these people called more politely, / More tenderly? - he is a secular man, / A notorious swindler, a rogue: / Anton Antonich Zagoretsky. / In front of him, beware: it’s too much to bear, / And don’t play cards: he’ll sell you.”

“... we are scolded / Everywhere, but everywhere we are accepted. / (Zagoretsky gets in the way of the crowd.)”

Khlestova about Zagoretsky : “He’s a liar, a gambler, a thief. / (Zagoretsky disappears.) / I locked the doors from him; / Yes, the master is of service: he got me and my sister Praskovya / Two black arapchens at the fair; / He bought, he says, tea and cheated at cards; / And a gift for me, God bless him!”

Old woman Khlestova, sister-in-law of Famusov.

About education : “You’ll really go crazy from these, from some / From boarding schools, schools, lyceums, whatever you call them, / And from lankart mutual training.”

One of the main features of the comedy “Woe from Wit” by A.S. Griboedov is the presence in the play of two conflicts that are closely related to each other. One of them is love, the other is social. This determines the arrangement of the heroes of the comedy “Woe from Wit”. The love line is represented by Chatsky, Sophia and Molchalin. The social line is expressed by the opposition between the conservative nobility, the main exponent of which is Famusov, and the progressive views on the structure of society, which Chatsky preaches. TO Famusov society also applies to Molchalin, Sophia’s lover. loving and social conflicts united by the image of Chatsky, the main character of “Woe from Wit”.

Alexander Andreevich Chatsky returned from abroad and immediately went to Famusov’s house, where he had once been brought up and where he had been absent for three years. Chatsky dreams of meeting his beloved Sophia, Famusov’s daughter. But Sophia greets him with extreme restraint, because she is in love with Molchalin. The hero does not understand the reasons for the girl’s cooling towards him. He begins to ask her, her father, about this. And in the verbal battles between these heroes, serious contradictions appear on issues of morality, culture, education, and the structure of society.

Famusov in comedy it represents the “past century”. main feature The worldview of the conservative nobility is that they do not want any changes, because changes threaten their well-being. In the noble society, at which Griboyedov’s satire is directed, only rank and money are valued. And Famusov is no exception. He speaks with pride of his uncle, Maxim Petrovich, who knew how to “curry favor” and therefore “knew honor before everyone.” The only thing that Famusov really cares about is society’s opinion of him.

On behalf of the “past century” also speaks Molchalin. Its main advantages are “moderation and accuracy.” He is a worthy successor to the views of Moscow high society. He knows how to curry favor and strives to make and maintain useful contacts. Even his relationship with Sophia is nothing more than serving her father.

Chatsky is sharply opposed to these heroes. Their views on the structure of society are alien to him. Chatsky is the owner of an active, creative mind. He wants to serve “the cause, not individuals,” because he highly values ​​individual freedom, honor and dignity. Chatsky is the only comedy hero who represents the “present century.” It expresses the ideas of the author himself - ideas of morality and enlightenment that conservative nobles are not ready to accept.

When characterizing the characters in “Woe from Wit,” the most difficult thing to interpret is the image Sofia Famusova. It cannot be attributed either to the “present century” or “to the past century.” Unlike her father and Molchalin, Sophia is not afraid of the opinions of society. She tells Molchalin as much when he asks her to be careful and not show her feelings in public. She plays music and reads books, which Famusov considers unnecessary and even harmful. But Sophia is not on Chatsky’s side, since his accusatory monologues threaten not only the comfortable life of the nobles, but also her personal happiness. That is why Sophia starts a rumor that Chatsky is crazy, and society is so actively spreading this gossip.

List characters“Woe from Wit” is not limited to the main characters. It is also important to understand the problem minor characters"Fire from mind." For example, it is impossible to imagine the development of a love affair in a comedy without Lisa's maids, who helps Sofya and Molchalin keep their dates secret. Also, the image of Lisa participates in a more complete disclosure of other characters in Griboedov’s “Woe from Wit”. Molchalin shows her signs of attention, and it immediately becomes clear to the reader that he has no feelings for Sophia.

Colonel Skalozub also participates in the development love line. He is tipped to be Sophia's groom because he has money. The only pity is that I have no mind at all. But this helps to portray the army in a satirical way.

Off-stage characters carry a special meaning. They do not participate in the actions of the comedy, but other characters talk about them, which allows us to more fully imagine the mores of the noble society of that time. Most famous off-stage character is Maxim Petrovich, Uncle Famusov, who deliberately fell several times at the empress’s reception in order to amuse her and earn respect at court.

It should be noted that all the images of the comedy heroes acquire a deeper sound than was customary before the appearance of the play “Woe from Wit.” There are no absolute villains here, no heroes without flaws. Griboyedov refuses the traditional division of characters into good and bad. So Famusov is a caring father for his daughter, and Chatsky in some moments shows excessive ardor and unceremoniousness.

The characters created by Griboyedov do not lose their relevance today. After all, the problem of replacing old views with new ones is always topical. At all times there are people who bring progressive ideas to society, and those who refuse to accept the new, defending their outdated views.

This article describes the main characters of Griboedov's comedy. A description of the heroes and their characters will be useful to 9th grade students when preparing a report or essay on the topic “The main characters of the comedy “Woe from Wit”.”

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