Woe from wits why Sophia chooses the silent one. Composition Griboyedov A.S. The heroine who violates the moral foundations

The comedy in verse "Woe from Wit" by A.S. Griboyedov, who combines in it the traditions of classicism and romanticism, is one of the brightest works in the author's work. The play is based on a love conflict associated with the storyline of Sophia-Molchalin-Chatsky. Chatsky returns to his beloved Sophia, whom he has not seen for 3 years. However, during his absence, the girl has changed. She is offended by Chatsky because he left her, left and “did not write three words,” and is in love with Father Molchalin's secretary.

So why did Sophia prefer the inconspicuous Molchalin to the brilliant Chatsky? There are a number of objective and subjective reasons for this. The first can be attributed to the long absence of Chatsky, at a time when Molchalin was constantly nearby. In one of her remarks, the heroine expressed her opinion on this matter: “Here he conceived of himself high ... The hunt to wander attacked him, ah! If someone loves whom, why travel so far? " Also, objective reasons include the fact that Molchalin in such a society was easier to love than Chatsky. Compliance, modesty, silence, the ability to serve could help to survive in such an environment. And intelligence, freethinking, any word spoken against the foundations, doomed Chatsky to failure in Famus society. As the hero said: "The silences dominate the world."

One of the vivid subjective reasons is Sophia's passion for novels. "She has no sleep from French books" (Famusov). The servant lover is a "perfect romance", as if from French books. Chatsky humiliates the heroine's chosen one, thereby causing her displeasure, and then she spreads a rumor about his madness.

Showing a love conflict, the author reveals the characters of the characters (Sophia, Chatsky, Molchalin). The finale of the play is dramatic - having learned the truth, the heroes understand their mistakes, but it's getting late. Although Sophia preferred the inconspicuous Molchalin to the brilliant Chatsky, she was disappointed in this choice due to the fact that her lover turned out to be a scoundrel.

C1- What feeling is filled with the attitude of AT Tvardovsky to the young "guys"?

ATTvardovsky's attitude to the young "guys" is filled with a sense of patriotism. The author distinguishes such qualities of a Russian soldier as determination, courage and heroism. The comparison helps to reveal this: "Like rafts, pontoons went, one and the other rumbled in a bass, iron tone, like a roof underfoot." The author also refers to history, drawing an analogy between the guys and their predecessors: “Fighters live in the war, like their comrades-fathers sometime in the twentieth century” -soldier". Through the images of young soldiers, A.T. Tvardovsky shows the determination and patriotism of a Russian person who is ready for anything for the sake of his homeland, even to death.

Why did Sophia fall in love with Molchalin?

The heroine who violates the moral foundations.

Having combined the features of classicism and realism in the comedy "Go", G-dov refused from one-sidedness in the portrayal of heroes. Therefore, there are no ideal, positive characters in the play, but Chatsky, Sophia, Molchalin, Famusov and others appeared before us as living.

It was not for nothing that Goncharov noted and appreciated in Sophia "the traits of a living and realistic character." Sophia has its pros and cons, advantages and disadvantages. She is smart, decisive, independent. It is no coincidence that the very name of the heroine Sophia is “wise”. Her speech, bright, imaginative, emotional, aphoristic, corresponds to the character of a young girl ("Happy hours are not observed"). Sophia in the comedy plays the difficult role of repelling Chatsky's attack. In critical situations, she shows not only decisiveness and resourcefulness.

Let us recall the episode when, trying to distract the father's attention from the presence of Molchalin in her room, she composes a dream that allegedly upset her. This dream, invented on the go, testifies to Sophia's subtle mind, of her extraordinary literary abilities.

Chatsky fell in love with Sophia primarily for her subtle mind, independence of views, independence in decision-making, in relations with people. The girl's strong, proud character evokes sympathy. Chatsky falls madly in love: "I love you without memory." It is no coincidence that, returning to Moscow from distant countries, he constantly appeals to her mind. Sophia is smart in her own way, she reads a lot ("She has no sleep from French books"), but the subject of her reading is sentimental novels that describe love stories (their heroes are poor and have no position in society).

Sophia admires their loyalty, devotion, willingness to sacrifice everything in the name of love. Under the influence of these novels, she develops an idea of ​​the ideal hero whom she would like to love. And Sophia imagined Molchalin as such a romantic hero. Here is the external line of behavior of Molchalin alone with Sophia: "he will take his hand, press to his heart ...". This is how the heroes of French novels behave.

But Chatsky is not like that. Although he was in love with Sophia, he left her for three whole years and left to wander. During this time, Chatsky did not write a single line. And in Sophia significant changes took place, her attitude towards Chatsky changed. The psychology of young girls is such that they need love, affection, attention, admiration. They may not endure separation.

So it happened with Sophia. But in Chatsky, love did not die out. Hence the love drama - misunderstanding of one hero by another. In the play "Go," each character draws up a life scheme for himself. Here is the main conflict according to Gdov (conflict of life and scheme). There is nothing wrong with the fact that a young girl wants to feel like the heroine of a novel, worse is another - she does not see the difference between romantic fiction and life, she does not know how to distinguish a true feeling from a fake. She loves something, but her chosen one is serving a confession: And now I take the form of a lover To please the daughter of such a person ...

Following literary clichés leads to a tragic denouement, bitter insight, and the collapse of ideals. Sophia has her own plan, in her family life she wants to be happy. Perhaps that is why she chose Molchalin, who can be commanded, who so corresponds to the role of "husband-boy, husband-servant." Sophia rejects Chatsky not only because of a feeling of offended female pride, but also because the independent, impudent, freedom-loving and rebellious Chatsky scares her: "But will such a mind make the family happy?" Therefore, the G-dov wrote about his heroine: "A girl who is not stupid herself prefers a fool to a clever man."

At the end of the play, Chatsky accuses the heroine of oblivion of "female fear and shame": And dear, for whom the former friend and female fear and shame are forgotten, - Behind the door is hiding, afraid to be responsible. And Chatsky, and Katenin, and even Pushkin accused the heroine: "Sophia overstepped the boundaries of behavior set by the young lady of her circle. She violated decency!" Sophia thereby challenged the old views on love and marriage. If Chatsky shakes social foundations, then Sophia - moral ones. And the tsarist censorship forbade this play to be printed and put on stage not because of Chatsky's seditious speech, but because of Sophia's violation of moral norms of behavior.

Unlike Famusov, Molchalin, and other characters in the play, Sophia is not afraid of the judgment of those around her: "But what do I care about whom? To them? To the whole universe?" Sofya Pavlovna blames herself for her mistakes: "Don't go on, I blame myself all around." This means that this girl has a sense of responsibility for her own actions. It is worth paying attention to the fact that Chatsky, fighting for a free way of thinking, behavior, life, denies this right to Sophia. Sophia calmly holds on in the last scene of the comedy, when the meanness and meanness of Molchalin is revealed.

It is very hard for the heroine, because everything happens in the presence of Chatsky. She, a beautiful, intelligent, educated noblewoman, was chosen as a servant. But Sophia is young, let’s forgive the mistakes of youth, it’s not for nothing that the wise Pushkin wrote in the novel "Eugene Onegin": Forgive the fever of young years And youthful fever and youthful delirium. For G-Dov, all heroes who set goals in life fail. A kind of "grief from the mind" if you understand the mind as a developed plan of action, the desire to mold life from someone. But life is not going according to plan.

The love line of the play means one simple truth, life is a secret burning, flight. G-dov, in my opinion, wrote a play about life, not about politics, and about the most important thing in life - about love. Goncharov wrote that in Sophia "there are strong inclinations of a remarkable nature." And indeed it is. It is necessary to appreciate in this girl "the character traits of the living and realistic." It is Sofia Pavlovna Famusova who begins the gallery of beautiful images of Russian women in our literature.

One of the greatest works of the first half of the 19th century is the comedy by A. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit”. In the comedy, the author posed a number of the most important problems of his time, which to this day continue to worry mankind.
The main character of the comedy, Chatsky, is viewed both in relations with representatives of the Famus society, and with Sophia, whom he loves. That is why Sofia plays an important role in the comedy and her attitude not only to Chatsky, but also to Molchalin.
The image of Sophia Pavlovna is complex. By nature, she is endowed with good qualities: a strong mind and an independent character. She is able to feel deeply and sincerely love. For a girl of the noble circle, she received a good education and upbringing. The heroine is fond of reading French literature. Famusov, Sophia's father, says:
She has no sleep from French books, And I am painfully sleeping from Russians.
But, unfortunately, all these positive character traits of Sophia could not be developed in Famus society. Here is how IA Goncharov wrote about it in his critical study “A Million of Torments”: “It is difficult to treat Sofya Pavlovna without being sympathetic: she has strong inclinations of a remarkable nature, a lively mind, passion and feminine softness. It is ruined in the stuffiness, where not a single ray of light penetrates, not a single stream of fresh air. " At the same time, Sophia is a child of her society. She drew ideas about people and about life from French sentimental novels, and it was this sentimental literature that developed dreaminess and sensitivity in Sophia. She says about Molchalin:

He takes his hand, presses to his heart,
Sighs from the depths of his soul,
Not a word of freedom, and so the whole night goes by,
Hand with hand, and he does not take his eyes off me.

Therefore, it was not by chance that she drew attention to Molchalin, who, with his features and his behavior, reminded her of her favorite heroes. However, it cannot be said that the heroine is blinded: she is able to assess the chosen one sensibly and critically:

Of course, this mind is not in him,
What a genius for some, but for others a plague,
Which is quick, brilliant and will soon oppose ...

Sophia loves Molchalin, but hides this from her father, who, of course, would not recognize him as a son-in-law, knowing that he is poor. The heroine sees a lot of good in her father's secretary:

Compliant, modest, quiet,
Not a shadow of concern in my face
And there are no misdeeds in my soul,
He does not cut strangers at random, -
That's why I love him.

Sophia also fell in love with Molchalin because she, a girl with character, needed a person in her life whom she could control. “The desire to patronize a loved one, poor, modest, who does not dare to raise his eyes to her, to raise him up to himself, to his circle, to give him family rights” - this is her goal, according to I. A. Goncharov.
Therefore, Chatsky, returning to Moscow and seeing how Sophia has changed under the influence of the environment, is very worried. It hurt him to see her like this after his three-year absence, it was hard to realize that his beloved had chosen Molchalin. Sophia is also very worried, but because of something else. She involuntarily hears the conversation between Molchalin and Lisa and suddenly sees her chosen one in a different light. She realized that in fact, Molchalin assumed the appearance of a lover only "in the pleasing of the daughter of such a person." He needed Sophia only in order to take advantage of her influence at the right time. His goal was also to get a higher rank, so he, according to the behests of his father, pleased "all people without exception." Perhaps one day Sophia would find out about the true intentions of Molchalin and she would not be so painful. But now she lost a man who was very suitable for the role of husband-boy, husband-servant. It seems that she will be able to find such a person and will repeat the fate of Natalya Dmitrievna Gorich and Princess Tugouhovskaya. She did not need a person like Chatsky, but it was he who opened her eyes to everything that was happening. And if Sophia had grown up in a different environment, she might have chosen Chatsky. But she chooses a person who suits her best, since she does not think of another hero for herself. And in the end, according to Goncharov, “the hardest of all, harder even than Chatsky” is Sophia.
Griboyedov introduced the comedy heroine to us as a dramatic person. This is the only character who is conceived and executed as close to Chatsky. But in the finale, when Sophia becomes an unwitting witness of Molchalin's “courtship” of Liza, she is struck in the very heart, she is destroyed. And this is one of the most dramatic moments of the entire play.
So, in his comedy A.S. Griboyedov was able to show not only the time in which he lived, but also created unforgettable images that are interesting to both the modern reader and viewer. Therefore, as Goncharov says, "Woe from Wit" is kept apart in literature and differs from other works of the word in youthfulness, freshness and stronger vitality.

The play by Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" is undoubtedly one of the brightest works of its time. It highlights some of the "eternal" issues inherent in the first half of the 19th century and today.

The main character of the comedy Chatsky is involved in social and love conflicts. Describes his relationship with Famusov as the most fully disclosed representative of society and Sophia, the beloved girl of the protagonist.

Reasons for choosing Sophia

Sofya Pavlovna Famusova is a bright personality, she is smart, extraordinary, many of her qualities distinguish the girl from her social environment. Only Sophia can be considered equal to Chatsky, only she is close to him in strength of character. She is well educated, has a lively and tenacious mind, does not depend on the opinions of the people around her.

Sophia is passionate about reading, despite her father's numerous protests, she spends a lot of time doing this. She is driven by genuine feelings. At first glance, Sophia should have reciprocated Chatsky, but she preferred Molchalin to him. Why did this happen?

Famus society as a determining factor in choice

The atmosphere of the Moscow noble society influenced the formation of the personality of Sofia Famusova. The girl is forced to follow the norms and patterns of behavior adopted in her environment. Women often demonstrate a dominant position in relations with a man, therefore she also seeks to find a "husband-servant" for herself. Undoubtedly, Molchalin is much better suited to this role than the independent and proud Chatsky.

Molchalin is not just in the service of the girl's father, service is a significant part of his life philosophy. Molchalin is comfortable, since Sophia, blinded by feelings, sees only a soft and noble person, devoid of sins and vices. The girl is very smart, but spoiled, and her chosen one will fulfill her desires.

Influence of romantic literature

Sophia is very well-read, her favorite works are sentimental novels written by French authors. In Molchalin, she sees the hero of one of these novels. She is sincerely and truly in love with him, considers him ideal. It fully corresponds to her ideas of how a young man in love should behave. As a result, it seems to her that she found what she was looking for.

Molchalin is timid and submissive, and Chatsky's passionate, energetic love frightens her, she does not need it. Moreover, the main character once left her for several years, leaving her to yearn for him. She still has a grudge against Chatsky for his "desire to wander." She does not understand why it was necessary to go somewhere if he had already found his love.

Resentment and love for Molchalin, inspired by sentimental literature, does not allow the girl to see the true appearance of the chosen one. She understands that her beloved is not too smart, but she does not need it. Not the mind and ability to defend her opinion will be able to make her happy, this will not be the key to successful family relationships.

Sophia is in love, and like any girl in love is not capable of thinking sensibly, she does not notice that all the positive features of Molchalin are the result of his prudence, and not sincere reciprocal feelings towards her. The girl cannot distinguish between the genuine feelings of Chatsky and the false love of her chosen one.

The image of Sophia Famusova can hardly be called unambiguous. Her main trouble is that she chose a man, not knowing his true face. Book love stories and social conventions played a decisive role in her choice. Her openness did her a disservice by turning against herself.

Why did Sophia fall in love with Molchalin?

The heroine who violates the moral foundations.

Having combined the features of classicism and realism in the comedy "Go", G-dov refused from one-sidedness in the portrayal of heroes. Therefore, there are no ideal, positive characters in the play, but Chatsky, Sophia, Molchalin, Famusov and others appeared before us as living.

It was not for nothing that Goncharov noted and appreciated in Sophia "the traits of a living and realistic character." Sophia has its pros and cons, advantages and disadvantages. She is smart, decisive, independent. It is no coincidence that the very name of the heroine Sophia is “wise”. Her speech, bright, imaginative, emotional, aphoristic, corresponds to the character of a young girl ("Happy hours are not observed"). Sophia in the comedy plays the difficult role of repelling Chatsky's attack. In critical situations, she shows not only decisiveness and resourcefulness.

Let us recall the episode when, trying to distract the father's attention from the presence of Molchalin in her room, she composes a dream that allegedly upset her. This dream, invented on the go, testifies to Sophia's subtle mind, of her extraordinary literary abilities.

Chatsky fell in love with Sophia primarily for her subtle mind, independence of views, independence in decision-making, in relations with people. The girl's strong, proud character evokes sympathy. Chatsky falls madly in love: "I love you without memory." It is no coincidence that, returning to Moscow from distant countries, he constantly appeals to her mind. Sophia is smart in her own way, she reads a lot ("She has no sleep from French books"), but the subject of her reading is sentimental novels that describe love stories (their heroes are poor and have no position in society).

Sophia admires their loyalty, devotion, willingness to sacrifice everything in the name of love. Under the influence of these novels, she develops an idea of ​​the ideal hero whom she would like to love. And Sophia imagined Molchalin as such a romantic hero. Here is the external line of behavior of Molchalin alone with Sophia: "he will take his hand, press to his heart ...". This is how the heroes of French novels behave.

But Chatsky is not like that. Although he was in love with Sophia, he left her for three whole years and left to wander. During this time, Chatsky did not write a single line. And in Sophia significant changes took place, her attitude towards Chatsky changed. The psychology of young girls is such that they need love, affection, attention, admiration. They may not endure separation.

So it happened with Sophia. But in Chatsky, love did not die out. Hence the love drama - misunderstanding of one hero by another. In the play "Go," each character draws up a life scheme for himself. Here is the main conflict according to Gdov (conflict of life and scheme). There is nothing wrong with the fact that a young girl wants to feel like the heroine of a novel, worse is another - she does not see the difference between romantic fiction and life, she does not know how to distinguish a true feeling from a fake. She loves something, but her chosen one is serving a confession: And now I take the form of a lover To please the daughter of such a person ...

Following literary clichés leads to a tragic denouement, bitter insight, and the collapse of ideals. Sophia has her own plan, in her family life she wants to be happy. Perhaps that is why she chose Molchalin, who can be commanded, who so corresponds to the role of "husband-boy, husband-servant." Sophia rejects Chatsky not only because of a feeling of offended female pride, but also because the independent, impudent, freedom-loving and rebellious Chatsky scares her: "But will such a mind make the family happy?" Therefore, the G-dov wrote about his heroine: "A girl who is not stupid herself prefers a fool to a clever man."

At the end of the play, Chatsky accuses the heroine of oblivion of "female fear and shame": And dear, for whom the former friend and female fear and shame are forgotten, - Behind the door is hiding, afraid to be responsible. And Chatsky, and Katenin, and even Pushkin accused the heroine: "Sophia overstepped the boundaries of behavior set by the young lady of her circle. She violated decency!" Sophia thereby challenged the old views on love and marriage. If Chatsky shakes social foundations, then Sophia - moral ones. And the tsarist censorship forbade this play to be printed and put on stage not because of Chatsky's seditious speech, but because of Sophia's violation of moral norms of behavior.

Unlike Famusov, Molchalin, and other characters in the play, Sophia is not afraid of the judgment of those around her: "But what do I care about whom? To them? To the whole universe?" Sofya Pavlovna blames herself for her mistakes: "Don't go on, I blame myself all around." This means that this girl has a sense of responsibility for her own actions. It is worth paying attention to the fact that Chatsky, fighting for a free way of thinking, behavior, life, denies this right to Sophia. Sophia calmly holds on in the last scene of the comedy, when the meanness and meanness of Molchalin is revealed.

It is very hard for the heroine, because everything happens in the presence of Chatsky. She, a beautiful, intelligent, educated noblewoman, was chosen as a servant. But Sophia is young, let’s forgive the mistakes of youth, it’s not for nothing that the wise Pushkin wrote in the novel "Eugene Onegin": Forgive the fever of young years And youthful fever and youthful delirium. For G-Dov, all heroes who set goals in life fail. A kind of "grief from the mind" if you understand the mind as a developed plan of action, the desire to mold life from someone. But life is not going according to plan.

The love line of the play means one simple truth, life is a secret burning, flight. G-dov, in my opinion, wrote a play about life, not about politics, and about the most important thing in life - about love. Goncharov wrote that in Sophia "there are strong inclinations of a remarkable nature." And indeed it is. It is necessary to appreciate in this girl "the character traits of the living and realistic." It is Sofia Pavlovna Famusova who begins the gallery of beautiful images of Russian women in our literature.

Bibliography

For the preparation of this work were used materials from the siteilib.ru/