How to draw a folk costume. How to draw a Russian folk costume in stages. Mannequin line drawing

Anastasia Alekseevna Guzeeva

Theme: « History of Russian folk costume»

« Let's dress Vanya in a Russian costume»

Pedagogical purpose.

Show children the inextricable link between different species arts: folk craft, music; introduce children to history native Stavropol Territory.

Software content.

Educational tasks:

Introduce children to history and features of Russian folk costume.

Expand knowledge of Russian folk culture.

Developmental tasks:

Develop aesthetic taste; to form moral qualities.

Show modifications Russian costume.

Reinforce technical skills and abilities drawing various art materials on a sheet of paper.

Educational tasks:

Foster interest in folk culture.

Direction: visual activity (Painting) .

Activities: visual, communicative, motor.

Implementation means. Visual: demo materials: dolls in Russian national costumes, folk illustrations costumes, a sample of pedagogical drawing; verbal: poetry; artistic: sketches of dolls in folk suits; multimedia: presentation "Cossacks-Nekrasovtsy", « Russian folk costume» ; audio recording: songs of the Nekrasov Cossacks.

Equipment: for educator: pointer, notebook, sheet of A3 paper, black marker, watercolor, thin brushes, jar of water, napkin; for children: A4 sheets of paper with drawn silhouette of a man, simple pencils, watercolors, thin brushes, napkins, cans of water.

Preliminary work. Consideration of illustrations to fairy tales, which depict heroes in Russian folk costumes... Conversation about history of Russian folk costume.

Organizational structure of the lesson

I. Maintaining in theme.

The teacher invites the children to remember how the people of ancient Russia dressed, then reminds them that the boys wore a shirt with belts, onuchs, bast shoes, and a bright cap with a lapel.

Let's see how people dressed in our Stavropol Territory. What were they like? How did you decorate? Let's find out about this.

II. Cognitive activity.

1. Informative and informational conversation. Cossacks-Nekrasovites.

The teacher shows slides and puppets in costumes of Nekrasov Cossacks, in the background there is an audio recording of the songs of the Nekrasov Cossacks.

2. Verbal illustrated story. People's costume Nekrasov Cossacks.

- Costumes the Nekrasovites are not Cossack at all - bright silk fabrics, overalls - this is more reminiscent of the festive clothes of the Turks ...

Costumes theirs are completely different from the usual clothes of the Cossacks. Nekrasovsky the suit is very bright, one might even say shocking. Over the shirt in the Turkish style, the Nekrasovites always wore a yellow-blue hoodie, which was fastened with buttons along the front along the entire length. The hoodie was sewn from bright Turkish fabrics. In general, all colors suit was associated with the cycle of life on earth: yellow symbolized grain, blue - water, red - the sun, and green - green, awakening life.

The lower edge of the garment and all the seams were necessarily decorated with embroidery, the pattern of which, according to pagan legends, was a talisman. Technically, it was very difficult and required painstaking work. According to legend, "devilry" could neither enter nor exit through the holes protected by hand-made decor. Usually the pattern was made with a thin black and yellow thread.

The Nekrasovites passed on clothes from generation to generation - from a father's shirt they sewed a shirt to a son, from a mother's shirt to a daughter. The headdresses of women were very interesting among the Nekrasovites. From them it was possible to find out how old a woman was, whether she was married. The girls wore cloth headbands decorated with various amulets: coins, small shells, beads. Over the bandage there is a bright red and yellow shawl. By the way, all the seams connecting the details of the garment were sewn using needle lace, which was woven with multi-colored threads. Now, unfortunately, the technique of traditional Nekrasov embroidery has been completely lost.

III. Creative practical activity.

1. Demonstration of working techniques.

The teacher shows the children the techniques drawing a male costume based on the costumes of the Nekrasov Cossacks.

Pay attention to working with paints: First, the background is filled, then the picture is colored.

Before you start paint, it is necessary to do finger gymnastics.

Finger gymnastics "Clothing"

One, two, three, four, five - (connect in series

We will wash things: fingers of one hand with fingers of the other)

Dress, pants and socks,

Skirt, blouse, handkerchiefs.

We will not forget the scarf and the hat -

We will also wash them. (fists imitate washing)

2. Work on a creative assignment.

Exercise: draw on theme« Let's dress Vanya in a Russian costume» based on the costumes of the Nekrasov Cossacks.

IV. Reflection.

1. Exhibition of works. Children arrange pictures, admire them, discuss them.

2. Summing up.

Oh, you are my young masters, my golden assistants, you are tired, tired, but what work you have done. Costumes turned out neat, beautiful, varied. Look, there are wavy lines, and zigzags, and points, and circles. Did you like being the folk masters suit? (children's answers)

The teacher thanks the children for their work.

Related publications:

Purpose of the lesson: to acquaint pupils with the peculiarities of the Russian folk costume. Tasks: Educational Introduce the elements of Russian.

Summary of the lesson "Travel to the fairy-tale world of old Russian folk costume" Purpose of the lesson: to acquaint pupils with the peculiarities of the Russian folk costume. Tasks: Educational Introduce the elements.

Before you - black and white coloring, but based on the Russian folk costume! You can simply paint them, or you can adhere to certain ones.

As part of the program, we passed the module "Folk Culture and Traditions". During the pedagogical observation it was revealed that many children.

In chapter

There are different tasks. Sometimes you sit and think How to draw a Russian folk costume? And what about the child?

Step-by-step instructions for fine art

Russian folk female costume with a sundress. Step-by-step instructions on how to draw a Russian folk costume yourself with a pencil.

Russian folk girlish costume - a shirt with a belt. Step-by-step instructions on how to draw a female Russian folk costume with a pencil in stages. First, we draw a vertical line - this is our axis of symmetry, then we outline three horizontal lines - the lines of the shoulders, hips and waist. Depending on what kind of costume we are drawing: a North Russian one with an obligatory sundress or a South Russian one with an apron and a ponytail, the waist line is located in different ways. In the northern versions it is overstated, in the southern ones it is in place. Then a skirt is outlined from the waistline, and future sleeves from the shoulder line. For simplicity, the sleeve line can be drawn parallel to the skirt line. Finish the sleeve at the level of the hips. Thus, we have a pseudo-layout ready, on the basis of which we will draw the costume.

1. We draw a Russian costume based on a sundress.

Girl Alyonushka in Russian folk costume. Breakdown into separate stages of how to draw a costume yourself.

Instructions

Build a human figure schematically. Draw a vertical line and break it into eight line segments. In the top division, draw the head, the next three segments will occupy the torso, and the remaining four will make up the legs. The length of the arms reaches mid-thigh. For a clothed figure, it is only necessary to determine the proportions, without drawing out the parts of the body covered with clothing.

Draw a sundress: from the shoulders there are two short straps to a straight or curly neckline of the bodice. Under the bust, the sundress is gathered in folds, and towards the bottom it expands greatly. Draw a wavy bottom line, depicting wide, soft folds in the fabric. Draw radially diverging fold lines from the chest line. In the center and hem, let a wide patterned border.

Now you need to draw the shoulders and puffy sleeves of the shirt - they can be extended at the top or, conversely, at the bottom. The bottom of the sleeves is gathered at the cuff and forms a voluminous slouch. Another option is wide trapezoidal sleeves, decorated with a wide embroidered border at the bottom. The upper part of the shirt, not covered by a sundress, is also decorated with sun-shaped embroidery around the neck.

Finish the drawing with a round potty hairdo and headdress -

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Goals:

1. To acquaint with the history and traditions of Russian folk holidays.
2. Foster respect, develop interest in folk art.
3. To consolidate the concept of "ornament", its types.
4. Improve visual skills, the ability to work with gouache.

Visibility: images of Russian folk costumes, ornaments, panels depicting a rural square, audio recording "Ringing of bells", templates of human figures, proverbs on the board:

1. You can't feed a chicken, and you can't dress up a girl.
2. The woman's shirts are the same sacks: tie up the sleeves, and put whatever you want.
3. Silk is praised on a girl when the girl herself is good.

I. Organizational moment.

II. Announcement of the topic of the lesson

a) Conversation

Every nation has holidays. They reveal the soul of a person, his character. Holidays were loved in Russia. They greeted the spring and saw off the winter, celebrated the completion of field work with holidays, and sometimes just the end of the working day. The holidays have always been fun filled with music, singing, games and dancing. Every evening people of different ages gathered in the evening at someone's hut and there they sang and danced (danced). The song and dance repertoire was very rich and varied. For all seasons, for all calendar holidays, there were songs, games, dances, fun, nursery rhymes. Often, chants, jokes, jokes were invented on the spot, on the move - they improvised, especially ditties.

The holiday is not only about songs and dances.

How else is this day different from ordinary everyday life? / Outfits /

On the eve of the festivities, heavy chests were thrown open. The more they were stuffed, the richer the owner of the house was considered. All festive clothes were necessarily decorated with embroidery elements, beads, sequins, which, as a rule, were not in everyday clothes. By the clothes it was possible to judge the taste and skill of the craftswoman, because the peasant woman made the outfit for herself<рисунок 1>.

What a variety of festive outfits!

What do they have in common? (patterns)

How can you call it differently? (ornament)

Any Russian costume in the old days was certainly decorated with ornaments and embroidery.

Let's remember what types of ornament do you know?

/ vegetable and geometric /

Attention to the board. Before you patterns (they can simply be depicted on the blackboard with colored chalk.) Which of them will not be ornaments? Why? / in the ornament, the elements are depicted in a certain order, rhythmically. /

Game “Compose a melody to the ornament”.

b) STORY about Russian folk costumes.

Let's take a closer look at the outfits.

The basis of any Russian costume was a shirt.<рисунок 1и 2>... Shirts with a closure on the side were called kosovorotkami. These were usually worn by men. Also, their outfit included pants, which were tucked into boots or into onuchi (a piece of cloth), and bast shoes were worn on top of the onuchi.

The shirt was wide and was decorated along the hem, along the collar, along the edges of the sleeves with embroidery. And be sure to tie up with a sash<рисунок 2>.

Belts performed many functions: they spoke about human well-being, and were also a reward and a gift and were inherited. Festive shirts were embroidered with silk colored threads. Preference was given to red (as a talisman).

Particular importance was attached to the location of the drawing. For example:

• chest patterns - protected the heart and lungs,
• shoulder - guarded the hands,
• at the bottom - they did not allow the evil forces from below to get through.

In the central and northern regions of Russia, women wore a sundress for the holidays<рисунок 3>.

The smooth lines of the sundress seemed to flow, making the woman look like a swan. No wonder they are called swans in songs and in fairy tales.

The festive outfit also included the so-called dushegrei - epanechki or short ones - short blouses with straps, similar to sarafans<рисунок 4>.

And in the southern regions of Russia, women of fashion wore a pony-up complex<рисунок 5>.

Poneva - a skirt. She dressed without fail over a shirt, then there was an apron, and then a pommel.

The apron was lavishly decorated with embroidery<рисунок 6>.

Red predominated. It is the color of fire, sun, magic, beautiful, a symbol of salvation and a sign of an obstacle for evil forces. This color was supposed to scare away demons and spirits that have a human appearance, keep and protect the owner from various misfortunes.

A tip is an outer garment that was worn in the fall or spring. The tip was not belted<рисунок 7>.

And finally, hats.

They were clearly divided into girls 'and married women' s headdresses:

Kokoshniks, ribbons, wreaths / girlish /.

Coruna, magpie, kichka / female /.

In the names of the headdresses, one can hear the relationship with the bird: kokoshnik, kichka, magpie. And this is no coincidence. Remember the fairy tales: a swan, a white swan, like a pava.

c) Working with proverbs.

III. Practical work- creation of a collective panel on the theme "Holiday in the village".

Pupils are given figurines with images of people and need to make them festive clothes.

Differentiated task:

1st group: Colorize ready-made figures, already "dressed" - a task for slow children and those who have difficulties with self-depiction. Come up with an ornament yourself.

Group 2: "Dress up" paper figurine, i.e. design and draw a festive outfit yourself.

Group 3 (children who draw well): Portray figure of a man in a festive costume.

The main condition is the presence of an ornament in clothes.

The finished works are glued onto a pre-prepared panel depicting a rural square with a cathedral and peasant houses. / Audio recording “Ringing of bells” - people gather at the cathedral square. /

IV. Bottom line.

Everything in life changes, but the holiday remains. And although he can cope in different ways, the main thing remains - joy, special excitement, fun, smart clothes, gifts, songs and dances, which are now sometimes mysterious for us. However, these traditions are extraordinary and peculiar. You need to remember and know about them.

Do you remember?

So we will check it now.

Children are given arrow cards with the words - names of Russian folk clothes:

- shirt	- epanechka	- kokoshnik
- sash	- short	- coruna
- kosovorotka	- poneva	- forty
- onuchi	- apron	- kitsch.
- sundress	- top

It is necessary to connect the arrow cards with the garments in the pictures so that they correspond to the names.

V. Evaluation of work.