Memorial Museum of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. Excursion to the house-museum of zoya kosmodemyanskaya in petrishchevo house-museum of zoya kosmodemyanskaya in petrishchevo

One of the brightest heroines of the Great Patriotic War is Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. The museum in Petrishchevo, dedicated to the first woman awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, has existed for many years. After all, it was in these places that the young scout fought and died.

Hero biography

What is the girl famous for? In 1923, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was born. In the museum in Petrishchevo, you can get acquainted with her biography in detail. She was born in the Tambov region in a family of teachers.

When Zoya was 6 years old, her family moved to Siberia. According to some reports, my father was exiled for his position against collectivization. According to another version, the family fled to escape denunciation.

In 1933, the father of the heroine of our article died after an operation; only her mother was involved in raising Zoya and her younger brother. At school, the girl did well, especially in the humanities - literature and history. At the age of 15 she joined the Komsomol.

When the Great Patriotic War began, she was 17 years old. In October 1941, shortly after coming of age, she volunteered for the Red Army. Was sent to a sabotage school. For some time she lived in the Irkutsk region, but then managed to return to the Moscow region.

Scout feat

Soon after the start of training, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya received her first assignment. The museum in Petrishchevo tells the story of her feat in detail. The girl, along with her fellow soldiers, was to burn ten settlements in the occupied territory. There is even a corresponding order on this from the commander-in-chief Joseph Stalin. The execution was given from five days to one week.

It is worth noting that even when entering the intelligence courses, the guys were warned that they were in mortal danger. 95% of them are likely to be killed or captured. Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya also knew about this. The biography of the Komsomol member has become exemplary for many representatives of Soviet youth.

Realizing the mortal danger, the sabotage group went to carry out the task. They had several Molotov cocktails and pistols with them.

As a result, all members of the reconnaissance squad were killed in skirmishes or tortured to death in captivity. Only Kosmodemyanskaya managed to partially implement the plan. She set fire to three village houses, one of which was occupied by German soldiers and the other two by villagers. Destroyed German horses.

During an attempt to set fire to the second village, a local resident of Sviridov raised the alarm, the heroine of our article was arrested.

Torture and execution

Once in captivity, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was subjected to prolonged interrogation and torture. The scout's biography is replete with eerie details. For example, according to eyewitnesses, she was stripped naked and flogged with belts. After she was kept in the cold for a long time in her underwear. As a result, the girl received frostbite on her feet.

The next day, the execution of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya took place. She was hanged. Before her death, she made a famous speech in which she called on all the villagers to fight the Nazis, and offered the Germans to surrender. The main thing is not to be afraid of your own death in this struggle, because the end result is much more important.

The execution of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya became one of the examples of heroism during the Great Patriotic War, and the girl herself became a symbol of the unyielding spirit of the Soviet people. Her image was often used in fiction, films, painting, and monumental art.

How to get to the museum?

Today, you can find out the most detailed history of the exploit of the scout by visiting the museum of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya in Petrishchevo. How to get to your destination, we will tell you in this article.

The first step is to get to Ruza - this is the regional center of the Ruza district of the Moscow region. This can be done from the capital by bus, departing from the Tushinskaya metro station. You can also use the train that leaves from Belorussky railway station or from the Begovaya metro station. It is worth going to the Tuchkovo station. And from there, buses run to Ruza (every 40 minutes) and fixed-route taxis (with an interval of 10-20 minutes).

If you are driving your own car, then drive along in the direction of Dorokhovo. There you will see a pointer to Ruza. Or along the Novorizhskoe highway, also up to the corresponding sign.

The village of Petrishchevo is located very close to Ruza. The distance of 30 kilometers is best covered by bus or car.

Memory of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya

The memory of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya is cherished in the Moscow region. The Museum in Petrishchevo has a large number of exhibits dedicated to her feat.

These are books written about her fate, archival family photographs and photographs taken by German soldiers and officers on the day the execution of the Komsomol member was carried out. The stands showcase the personal belongings of the Komsomol member.

A separate exposition is dedicated to the gifts that her fans from all over the world donated in memory of Kosmodemyanskaya. Here are parcels from Burma, Angola, Cuba, Vietnam, Ethiopia and other countries.

In the Ruzsky district, it was also installed. It appeared 11 years after the end of the Great Patriotic War. It was installed on the 86th kilometer of the Minsk highway. The project was developed by the sculptor Ikonnikov, the architect was Kaminsky.

Another monument to the scout was recently unveiled in Ruza itself. It appeared in 2013, on the eve of a kind of anniversary. Kosmodemyanskaya could have turned 90 years old. It was donated to local residents. It is a bronze monument by sculptor Zurab Tsereteli, four meters high. A monument was erected on the square in front of the district house of culture.

Kosmodemyanskaya - a symbol of heroism

The feat of Kosmodemyanskaya is not forgotten even today, and not only in Russia. For many years she became a true symbol of the heroism and courage of the people. An example of patriotism and love for the homeland.

Although various versions have repeatedly appeared in modern Russia, denigrating and belittling her feat, most historians are inclined to believe that she acted in the interests of her people, following the direct order of her command.

In a large number of publications that appeared in the 90s, some facts from her biography were cited, which were hushed up during the Soviet era. Moreover, they were reflected as if in a crooked mirror. In the museum of the scout in Petrishchevo, you can find out how everything really happened.

The village of Petrishchevo and the house that she tried to ignite and where the partisan Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya herself was “ignited” in the fierce winter of 1941.

The village of Petrishchevo in the Moscow region, not far from Dorokhovo, was occupied by the Germans that year. Partisan detachments set fire to the enemy's bases, stables, houses, military installations, often not sparing the owners of such houses - there is a war, nothing can be done. Zoya was surrendered to the enemy by the local headman, a simple Russian peasant Sviridov, it cost him to be shot after his release.



Two other peasant women, whose sheds with German horses were still set on fire by Zoya, on the way to execution threw a kettle with slops at her and hit her with a stick. This also cost them their lives after being released.





Kosmodemyanskaya, being caught on a simple mission, became famous for her heroic and proud behavior in captivity and during the execution, sincere patriotism and legendary phrases: "There are 170 million of us, you don't hang everyone!", "Russia, the Soviet Union is invincible and will not be defeated!", "Victory will be ours!"






Despite all the post-war pathos around the name of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, the mythologization of the image, you understand how sincerely our people fought for their independence and freedom. How inhumanly difficult it was to do, what suffering our people went through. As a simple, inconspicuous girl went to death, to incredible martyrdom and mockery, bringing Victory closer with her little feat, which, by the way, could have remained unknown if journalists and writers, search engines who found heroes, made them heroes and did not let them forget their memory.



Petrishchevo is a sad place. Small village with 20 houses. I am writing about this because some of the authorities in this area have a little forgotten whose house-museum is located here.





If the museum itself looks very dignified, then everything else in the village does not correspond to the high status of a memorial site. God forbid that they put things in order here as soon as possible.








And yet, thank you, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya for your Faith and your Struggle!

The school museum was opened on November 29, 1961. The war is over, but the memory of the victims, immeasurable gratitude to them, entered the life of our people with pain.

When starting the creation of the Museum of Military Glory for the school's graduates Zoya and Alexander Kosmodemyanskiy, the organizers were looking not at a quick collection of the most effective materials, but at a careful search for evidence of the spiritual growth and maturity of the heroes. The mother donated the personal belongings of Zoya and Alexander to the museum.

Lyubov Timofeevna Kosmodemyanskaya, teachers Zoya and Alexandra, classmates and peers of the heroes, war and labor veterans took part in the opening of the museum.

The museum has become the center of a large and varied educational work. His asset and advice was created. The practice included: the use of museum exhibits for history lessons, the implementation of educational assignments using museum materials and direct lessons at its stands.

Our 201st school in the 2018-2019 academic year celebrated its centenary and more than 60 of them are named after the heroes. The school museum turned 57 years old, despite such a serious age, the museum exposition is carefully maintained, replenished, and in the jubilee year it was also modernized. The Museum maintains close cooperation with the veterans of the 402nd Missile Regiment, in whose personnel lists Senior Lieutenant A.A. Kosmodemyanskiy, Hero of the Soviet Union, was forever enlisted; veterans of military unit 9903, whose fighter was Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Hero of the Soviet Union; veterans of local wars; veterans of pedagogical work of school No. 201, former students. Today, the Museum's Active consists of students from 3 to 11 grades. The underlying principle of this work is the inextricable link between generations.
The uniqueness of the school museum is that it provides an opportunity in all areas to take advantage of the experience of previous generations and make it your ally in the educational process. Therefore, the most important task of the school museum is the effective use of this “wealth” to educate students in the Russian identity. Immersion in a special historical environment, objective coverage of events through the fates of specific people occurs during meetings with veterans: Tamara Nikolaevna Kharlamova - a child of besieged Leningrad, a representative of the Council of Veterans of Pedagogical Labor of School 201 in the forty-fifth! "); captain II rank, officer - submariner, participant in hostilities on the territory of foreign states - Yuri Konstantinovich Olenev (meetings with students of the 3rd - 8th grades "And the enemy will never achieve, So that your head bows ..." and "Women scouts" ); with soldiers-internationalists: Podosenov A. V. - veteran of the Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia; Pavlishin B. D. - Chairman of the Commission for Patriotic Education of Youth of the Northern District, veteran of military service, colonel; Razmaznin A. N. - a participant in hostilities in Afghanistan, Angola, Ethiopia ("Lessons of Courage" dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan); on the eve of the anniversary of the example of Aleksey Maresyev's love of life, in the school museum at the "Lesson of Courage" Kovalenko V.I., a veteran of pedagogical work of the 201st, walked with the young Kosmodemyans "The Path of the Legendary Soviet Pilot. After such lessons, letters and front-line awards lying in a box at home acquire value, significance and become relics for the youngest members of the family. It is here, in the museum, that the knowledge available to the children acquires an emotional coloring, it becomes possible to better understand historical events, pass them through themselves, and, therefore, form their own opinion.
In gratitude to our great-grandfathers who performed a great feat that was not in world history, primary school students prepared events dedicated to the Day of the 75th anniversary of the lifting of the complete blockade of Leningrad and the 74th anniversary of the Great Victory. Museum activists "flipped through the pages of history", telling about exploits at the front and in the rear, about helping children to adults and in partisan detachments, in hospitals and in workshops at factories producing military products on collective farm fields. The guests of honor at the events were combat veterans, veterans of the school's pedagogical work.
For more than half a century of the museum's existence, many events have become traditional, and the anniversary year was no exception: it began with a “museum lesson” for first graders; on the day of the 95th anniversary of the birth of the Hero of the Soviet Union Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, a memorial meeting was held at the Novodevichy cemetery; The parade of classes dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the school, in which 412 students from 4 to 11 grades took part, was for the first time hosted by Guards Colonel VV Zavgorodny, commander of a rocket regiment, in whose lists Alexander Kosmodemyansky is forever enrolled; on the eve of the Day of the feat of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya and the 77th anniversary of the beginning of the Soviet counteroffensive near Moscow, the "Scout's Trail" ran along the school corridors. Students of the 5th grade overcame serious tests, in which the team spirit and endurance, attention and mutual assistance, knowledge of the history of school No. 201 and the life path of students-heroes, the history of the Moscow battle and the Kosmodemyanskiy family helped to win.
On March 8, volunteers from the school museum visited a classmate of Zoya and Shura Kosmodemyanskiy. Antonova (Andreeva) Ekaterina Ivanovna worked for more than 38 years in her native school No 201, where she was awarded the honorary title "Excellent worker of public education of the RSFSR" and received awards - the medals "Veteran of Labor", "In memory of the 850th anniversary of Moscow." With great love, Ekaterina Ivanovna told about the people she met on the path of life.
Kosmodemyanskiy patronage the granite stele located on the site of the house where the Kosmodemyanskiy family lived, and on the 95th anniversary of the birth of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya (09/13/2018) during a rally of school students in the Voikovskiy and Koptevo districts veterans of the regions to the Museum “School History and the Kosmodemyanskiy family "a commemorative medal" 100 years of the Komsomol "was awarded. Museum volunteers come to the Golovinskoye cemetery to bow to the grave of a student of school No. 201 Pavel Andreevich Grazhdaninov, a pilot, a participant in the Great Patriotic War, a Hero of the Soviet Union.
During the traditional competition of readers "The feat is immortal", this year 89 pupils and students of our educational complex took part in it, students of the 201st jointly with the Russian Military Historical Society launched the All-Russian action "Zoya Hero". 75 years ago, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 16, 1942, for courage and heroism shown in the fight against the German fascists, Kosmodemyanskaya Zoya Anatolyevna was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously). Partisan Z.A. Kosmodemyanskaya became the first woman to be awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War. The event was attended by schoolchildren from grades 1 to 11. The guys took pictures with the poster #ZoyaGeroy, posted photos with the hashtag #ZoyaGeroy on their pages in social networks. The schools of the city of Moscow and the country supported us!
Currently, the Museum of the History of the 201st School and the Kosmodemyanskiy Family, being a part of the open educational space, is called upon to be the coordinator of the civil-patriotic and social activities of the educational institution, connecting the thread between the school and other cultural institutions, public organizations. The museum maintains a network of interaction with cultural institutions in Moscow. It has already become a tradition: on the Day of the Tanker at the Central Museum of the Armed Forces of Russia, museum activists talk about the life and combat path of the tanker, Hero of the Soviet Union A. Kosmodemyansky. On the eve of the Day of the Strategic Missile Forces, a meeting was held at the Central Museum of the Russian Army with the banner of the veterans of the 402nd Guards Dnovsky Red Banner Order of the Kutuzov Missile Regiment, in whose lists the Hero of the Soviet Union Guard Senior Lieutenant A.A. Kosmodemyanskiy. The veterans were congratulated by the activists of our school museum. The banner of school No. 201, along with the battle banners of the Red Army units, was presented in the Victory Hall of the Central Museum of the Armed Forces.
Kosmodemyans participate in promotions and events organized by the Center for Patriotic Education and School Sports, the Regional Public Foundation for Support of Heroes of the Soviet Union and Heroes of the Russian Federation named after General E.N. Kocheshkov, the International Association of Veterans of the Anti-Terror Unit "Alpha", the Prefecture of the CAO and the State Duma, the Councils of War and Pedagogical Veterans, the Russian Military Historical Society:
- On August 28-30, 2018, eighteen activists of the Museum - the winners of city competitions of a patriotic orientation - took part in the patriotic action "Routes of Memory" to the city - the hero of St. Petersburg. They visited the Piskarevskoye cemetery, the Peter and Paul Fortress, the Naval Museum, St. Isaac's Cathedral, the Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood, the Russian Museum, the Memorial Lyceum Museum in the city of Pushkin, the Catherine Palace and its famous Amber Room, and during a rally in the Memorial Hall of the Monument to the Heroic Defenders In Leningrad, our students were awarded the right to perform with a literary and musical composition;
- On December 4, 2018, at 42 km of Volokolamskoe highway, students of the 201st took part in a large-scale patriotic action "Defenders of Moscow" at the Memorial to Siberian soldiers, erected in memory of the participation of Siberian divisions in the Battle of Moscow;
- On October 11 and 12, 2018, as part of the patriotic action "Routes of Memory" organized for the winners of the Quiz dedicated to the Moscow people's militia in the Battle of Moscow, 18 activists of the "Museum of the History of the School and the Kosmodemyanskiy Family" visited the city of military glory, Vyazma. The Kosmodemyans took part in the Meeting and the solemn ceremony of laying flowers at the Eternal Flame at the monument to General M.G. Efremov, dedicated to the 77th anniversary of the Vyazemsk defensive operation; visited the Museum of the "Unknown Soldier" and the local history museum, learned the history of the Vyazemsky gingerbread, took part in a master class on painting gingerbread. An indelible impression was left by the Memorial event on the Mother of God. After the phonogram "Fight", pupils of the 201st were given the right to perform with a literary composition "It is necessary for the living!" before veterans-participants of the war, local residents, pupils of military-patriotic clubs, youth army, Moscow schoolchildren. And this was very symbolic, since it took place on the site of a heroic confrontation and a breakthrough of our troops on the day (10/11/1941 - it was also Saturday) and hour (16:00 - the beginning of the breakthrough) in October 1941!
- Following the results of the competition of educational and research creative works of students "Immortal Regiment" dedicated to the Victory Day of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War, activists of the Museum "History of the Kosmodemyanskiy School and Family" (17 people) took part in a trip to the city of military glory Pskov (4- June 8, 2019). The Kosmodemyans were given the opportunity to show the literary composition at the rally at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier and to present flowers to the veterans who participated in the battles near Pskov during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. A delegation of Moscow schoolchildren visited the historical sites of the city of Pskov and the Pskov region. Thanks to such patriotic trips, children, not just in words, but in fact, become familiar with the history of the great country, begin to feel the continuity of generations, and visiting a variety of sights, cultural heritage sites, museums, reserves undoubtedly expands the children's horizons, fills them with vivid impressions, develops spiritually and emotionally.
The Museum "History of the Kosmodemyanskiy School and Family" is in demand. During the year, over two thousand tourists visit it - these are students not only from our and other Moscow schools, but also guests from all over Russia and from abroad. On the day of the 95th birthday of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, high school students from the Lyceum No. 22 in Voskresensk visited our museum. Resurrection schoolchildren learned with great interest about the heroic and tragic pages of the life of the Kosmodemyanskiy family, with excitement touched the desk at which Zoya was sitting, and managed to finish 9 classes before the war began. Our museum was also visited by labor veterans, public advisers of the Begovoy district, headed by the deputy of the Moscow region Cohen N.A., and on the eve of the Day of Defenders of the Fatherland, guests from Germany and France came to the 201st school. Antifascist bloggers learned about our 201st from the words of veterans - participants of the "Immortal Regiment" action, which took place in Berlin on May 9, 2018. Reserve Colonel V.P. Konyashenkov, a veteran of the 402nd Guards Missile Regiment, in the lists of the 1st division of which Hero of the Soviet Union Alexander Kosmodemyansky was forever enlisted, carried his photo. From that very moment, young people strove to Moscow to touch the heroic and at the same time tragic history of the Kosmodemyanskiy family. The museum council conducted a tour for Helene and Fabian (first in Russian, and then everyone smoothly switched to English). The guests liked the excursion and they promised to return, which they told about on their page in social networks. The memory of the heroic past unites peoples.
For 4 years now, the Museum of the History of the School and the Kosmodemyansikh Family has been participating in the Moscow Meta-Subject Olympiad “Museums. Parks. Manors ". The Department of Education and the Department of Culture of the Year of Moscow summed up the results for the 2018-2019 academic year and expressed gratitude to the teachers and students of school No. 201 for their contribution to the organization and conduct, drawing up assignments and enthusiasm in cooperation with school teams participating in the Olympiad “Museums. Parks. Manors. " This season, about 300 teams and individual participants in the framework of the Olympiad visited the Museum "History of the Kosmodemyanskiy School and Family", where they listened to young guides of 3-11 grades. This year, the young guides of class 3b conducted their first excursion for the guests of the traditional event "Dedication to Kosmodemyantsy", having received high marks from the veterans of the 402nd division of the Strategic Missile Forces (Sasha) and unit 9903 (Zoina), and ended the year with a master class for the methodologists of the city of Moscow, preparing to represent their IDM in museum competitions.
In the work of the museum, the most modern forms and methods of museum pedagogy are used - interactive, aimed not so much at consolidating the already studied material, as at obtaining new ones. During the 2018-2019 academic year, Museum projects were created:
- By the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory, the Council of the Museum was actively working to create and fill with information a virtual version of the Museum "History of the School and the Kosmodemyanskiy Family";
- Our school joined the new Moscow educational project "My District during the War", which gave schoolchildren an opportunity to study how their native district lived during the war years. On March 14, the Victory Museum hosted a conference within the framework of the project "My District during the War". It was attended by representatives of educational organizations from all districts of Moscow. About 100 stands were installed in the Hall of Generals and the foyer of the Hall of Fame. The project "Voykovsky District during the Great Patriotic War" was presented by pupils of the 10th grade of school 201, who told the guests of the conference about the contribution of the residents of the district to the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, presented photographs, maps, memories of front-line soldiers.
This year, the museum of our 201st school had the opportunity to perform in the Central Exhibition Hall "Manege" at the International Festival of Museums "Intermuseum" - the main museum event of the year, an event that has no analogues in the world. This is a unique platform not only for specialists, but also for a wide range of visitors. The main topic of the museum forum is “Dialogue of Professionals”. The 201st shared with museum workers all over the world her achievements in using the museum space as a platform for pedagogical initiatives and new approaches to the process of forming the Russian identity of schoolchildren. Quests and contests, quizzes and performances, creative assignments ... All these museum communication technologies are used by our teaching staff to contribute to the development of children's creative and research potential, to feel the involvement in the events of Russian history.
The attitude of students to work in the school museum was summarized in her research by a 10th grade student Alesya A.: “Our new, young generation realizes the truly great significance of Victory. I involuntarily feel pride that I belong to a generation that is able to appreciate and respect your hard military work and convey this knowledge to all the people around me, as well as describe all the emotions that I heard from you. I promise that we will remember your immortal feat and bow before your incredible valor, courage and honor, doing everything in our power to preserve this peace, obtained by you at such a dear price. "
Generations of teachers and students are replacing each other, the very life around us is changing. But all this time, the main pivot in the work of the school and the Museum of the History of the School and the Kosmodemyanskiy Family, one of the most visited school museums in Moscow, has been and remains - the careful preservation and continuation of the traditions of perpetuating the memory of our heroes.

An excursion to the house-museum of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya in the village of Petrishchevo is a very interesting and necessary trip, because, remembering the sacred years of the Great Patriotic War, one cannot remain silent about the partisan movement. These people did not fight on the front lines, they beat the enemy from the inside! often sitting in forests and swamps, sleeping in dugouts, these people performed feat after feat. Liberated our homeland from the enemy
invader! There were many heroes among the partisans, in fact, each of them was a hero!

So in the village of Petrishchevo, a museum dedicated to a brave girl, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, has been functioning for many years. This girl, a Red Army soldier, despite her young age, accomplished a feat. She was alone in Petrishchev, where she set fire to houses with opponents. According to some reports, she managed to burn down the communications center, which disrupted the interaction of some fascist units and gave a head start to our army.

Program

The Kulik House has been a branch of the museum since 1975. In this house, the Nazis tortured Zoya. In it, she spent the last night before her execution.
A stele has been installed near the house, on which it is written: “In this house, the Nazis brutally tortured Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, a partisan Komsomol member on the eve of the execution.
From here the young heroine went to death and immortality. "

In 1956, a four-meter granite obelisk was erected on the site of the execution of the young heroine. At this place, on November 29, 1941, the Nazis executed Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. The execution of the young heroine was crowded. Not only local residents were present, but also residents from nearby villages.
Here Zoya turned to the Soviet people with the last words: “I am not afraid of dying, comrades! It is happiness to die for your people! "

Military-patriotic actions are currently taking place at the place of execution.

Price

For a group 40 + 3 - 40 550 rubles. with bus

For a group 40 + 3 - 22 400 rubles. without bus

Included in the price

• excursion service,
• accompaniment by a tour guide
• entry tickets.

Description

The girl was captured, subjected to terrible torture, but did not reveal Soviet secrets, did not surrender her comrades to the enemy. She was executed. At that time she was only 18. It is worth noting that Zoya is the first woman
awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union

At present, a memorial museum is located in Petrishchev, dedicated to the years of the war and its heroes. The central place in it is given to Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. There are many documents and things related to those distant, but significant years. Also on the territory of the village there are monuments, among which you can find a monument dedicated to a brave girl!

There is a very tragic and memorable place in the Ruza district of the Moscow region - the village of Petrishchevo, where on November 29, 1941, the Nazis executed the young partisan Tanya - this is how Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya called herself during interrogation. September 13 marks the 91st anniversary of the birth of the Hero of the Soviet Union, who has become a symbol of courage and unbending fortitude. The journalist Petr Lidov was the first to tell about this in the Pravda newspaper, and the whole world learned about the heroic deed of the young Muscovite. In autumn, tourists come to Petrishchevo, to the place of the feat and execution of Zoya.

Moscow schoolgirl

People travel in large and small groups, families, alone. “After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the flow of tourists here has noticeably diminished. And now (how glad it is to realize this!) I see a new interest in the feat, the personality of Zoya. Perhaps this can be called an interest in their own history. On the occasion of the heroine's anniversary (celebrated in 2013), the exposition of our museum has been updated, replenished with new exhibits, "said the director of the local museum, Nadezhda Efimenkova.

The tourists make their first stop at the 86th kilometer of the Minsk highway. Here, on a high pedestal, is perhaps the most famous monument to the partisan. The poet Nikolai Dmitriev wrote about her:

The museum in the village of Petrishchevo was opened in 1956. At the same time, a monument to Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was erected in front of him. The exposition of the museum is located in seven halls. It opens with the work of the sculptor M. Manizer "Zoya". We see a girl with short hair and a stubborn manly look. On the wall next to it are inscribed the words "It is happiness to die for your people." Their heroine pronounced a few minutes before the execution.

The guides talk in great detail and emotionally about Zoya's childhood, youth and exploits. She was born in the Tambov region, then the family moved to Moscow. From grades 1 to 9, Zoya and her brother Sasha studied at the 201st Moscow school.

The museum displays a Komsomol card, letters of commendation, school notebooks, photographs, and a girl's handicrafts. She was doing embroidery. The napkins, a towel, and an apron embroidered by her have survived. Museum visitors look at the intricate patterns on these items with interest. Here you can see Zoya's "peaceful" clothes - a dress and a jacket.

Zoya studied for grades and grades. My brother had different grades. I got "excellent" only in mathematics and physics. These items were his favorites. The boy was good at drawing, he wanted to become an artist. His self-portrait is on display in the museum.

The brother and sister were not the same age, but they studied in the same class. In the summer of 1941, they completed nine classes. On June 21 they came to the high school graduation party, had fun with all the heart, sang and danced. It was the last peaceful night for them.

Guerrilla friendship

The second hall of the museum is dedicated to the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. On the wall is the Barbarossa Plan map. This is the famous plan for the attack of Nazi Germany on the USSR. According to him, Hitler intended to defeat our army in 6-8 weeks, to enter the Arkhangelsk-Astrakhan line and turn our country into a German colony.

Brother and sister Kosmodemyanskiy in the fall worked at the state farm "Krasnaya Zarya", helped to harvest, worked at the plant "Borets", which released shells. October came, the enemy was on the very approaches to Moscow. On October 20, 1941, the capital was declared a state of siege. Thousands of volunteers went to the front. Zoya also decided to defend the capital with weapons in her hands. On October 31, she was at home for the last time. Together with other volunteers, she is sent to the village of Kuntsevo, where military unit No. 9903 was located. There, in a very short time, they teach military affairs: use personal weapons, throw Molotov cocktails, mine roads and bridges, and correctly navigate the terrain using a compass.

It was here, in military unit No. 9903, that young teachers Lelia Kolesova, Klavdia Miloradova, students Zhenya Poltavskaya, Vera Voloshin, Sasha Gribkova and schoolgirl Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya met and became friends. The fate of these girls turned out to be tragic. Only Claudia Miloradova survived. The rest were hanged by the Nazis near Moscow in November 1941. Zhenya Poltavskaya and Sasha Gribkova were executed among eight Komsomol members in Volokolamsk. Zoya really asked for a mission in this city near Moscow, but she was left in the unit.

Frau partisan

When Kosmodemyanskaya went on a mission to Petrishchevo, she knew nothing about the fate of her friends. On the night of November 21, a sabotage and reconnaissance group consisting of three people (commander Boris Krainov, Pavel Klubkov, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya) crossed the front line near the village of Obukhovo, headed to Petrishchevo, where the fascist headquarters was located.

At one o'clock in the morning, three houses in the village burst into flames. This is the commander and Zoya completed the task. But Zoya in the forest could not find her own. Left alone, she was not frightened. The next night I went to Petrishchevo again. I decided to set fire to a large stable on the outskirts of the village. There were many horses and weapons. Zoya was tracked down by the traitor Sviridov, he told the fascists.

For the first time, journalist Peter Lidov told about the feat of Kosmodemyanskaya in the newspaper Pravda. In the Petrishchev Museum you can get acquainted with this issue of the newspaper for January 27, 1942, where his essay "Tanya" was published.

“It has not yet been established who she is and where she is from ... That was in the days of the greatest danger for Moscow ...

Moscow selected brave volunteers and sent them across the front to help partisan detachments ...

The small, wooded village of Petrishchevo was packed with German troops ... In each hut there were ten to twenty soldiers. The owners of the houses huddled on the stove or in the corners ...

One night, someone cut all the wires of the German field telephone, and soon the stable of the German military unit and seventeen horses in it were destroyed.

The next evening the partisan came to the village again. He made his way to the stable, which contained over two hundred horses of the cavalry unit. He was wearing a hat, a fur jacket, quilted cotton pants, felt boots, and a bag over his shoulder. Approaching the stable, the man thrust into his bosom the revolver he was holding in his hand, took out a bottle of gasoline from his bag, poured it out, and then bent down to strike a match.

At that moment, the sentry crept up to him and wrapped his arms around him from behind. The partisan managed to push the German away and grab the revolver, but he did not have time to shoot. The soldier knocked the weapon out of his hands and raised the alarm.

The partisan was led into the house and immediately discerned that this was a girl, very young, tall, dark-skinned, black-browed, with lively dark eyes and dark cropped hair combed upwards.

The soldiers ran up and down in excitement and, as the owner of the house, Maria Sedova, reports, they kept repeating: "Frau partisan, Frau partisan," which means a woman-partisan in Russian ... "

Step into immortality

In the house of Maria Sedova, they took away weapons from Kosmodemyanskaya, sent them with tied hands to the Voronins' house, where the headquarters was located. There they were interrogated, tortured, beaten, and taken barefoot and undressed in the snow. One young Fritz could not stand the interrogation, went into the kitchen, buried his head in his hands. He sat there until Zoya was taken to the Kulikov house (now it has become a branch of the museum), where she spent the last night of her life.

The next day, the Nazis put up the gallows, Zoya was taken to execution. They hung a plaque around her neck with the inscription "Pyro" in Russian and German. The inhabitants were driven to the place of execution. The German photographer spent a long time digging with the equipment. At this time, Zoya addressed the audience with a fiery speech.

Two witnesses of the terrible execution have survived to our time. These are the Sedov sisters - Valentina Nikolaevna and Nina Nikolaevna. They have been living in Moscow for a long time. But in the summer they visit their native Petrishchev.

“In 41, I was 10 years old. I was the oldest child in the family. When Zoya was captured by the Nazis and brought to our house, my sister Nina and I watched what was happening from the stove. The girl was standing by the stove. The Nazis now and then brought lanterns to her face and said: "Frau, Frau." The newspaper wrote that she was wearing felt boots. This is not true. The partisan was in boots. She carried a Molotov cocktail bag over her shoulder. There was a pistol in a beige holster. All this was taken away by the Nazis. Hands back and lead. Our mother was sitting in a corner with a small child. Zoya looked at her carefully, said nothing. My sister and I got off the stove. I saw the girl very close by, ”recalls Valentina Sedova.

“In the morning my grandmother says:“ The Germans are building something by the pond. ” It turned out they were building a gallows. An interpreter went from house to house, ordering everyone to go out. Mom was a little late, she was dressing her little brother Borya. And my sister and I went.

I remember it was very cold on November 29th. Then winter fell early. Everything was frozen, covered with snow. Zoya was brought in. She was no longer wearing her sweater. She was dressed in some kind of dark tunic (later I found out that the Nazis had taken away warm clothes). For a long time the Nazis did not start their dirty work. They were waiting for some chief from Gribtsov. The road was covered with snow, he could not get there in time.
Zoya addressed the audience with a speech: “German soldiers, surrender before it's too late. All the same, victory will be ours ... Now you will hang me, but I am not alone. There are 200 million of us. You can't hang everyone ... I'm not afraid to die for my people ... ".

She said a lot. They wrote about this in the newspapers. And this is all true. The girl's body hung for more than a month. The Nazis did not allow her to be buried. When our troops approached, they removed the traces of the crime, threw the body of the partisan into a snow-covered ravine. The peasants buried her at the edge of the forest. There is now a memorial sign. In May 1942, the heroine was buried with honors at the Novodevichy cemetery, ”says Valentina Nikolaevna, who witnessed this tragedy.

Konstantin Simonov was right when he wrote: “Heroes do not die. The brave have only immortality. "

There are five known photographs of the execution of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. They were found in the field bag of a murdered fascist. Recently, another photograph, found in the archives of a deceased war veteran by his relatives, was sent to the museum in Petrishchevo from Saratov. Apparently, the front-line soldier took this picture from the killed soldier.

Newspapers wrote

In the museum you can see military newspapers telling about the feat of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, who inspired Soviet soldiers.

Correspondent of the newspaper "Forward to the enemy!" Major Dolin wrote on October 3, 1943: “Several months ago, the 332nd Infantry Regiment, whose soldiers and officers brutally tortured Zoya, was marked on the sector of our front. Upon learning that the regiment of the executioner Rüderer, who had executed Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, was standing in front of them, the soldiers vowed not to leave any of the warriors of this damned regiment alive. In the battles near the village of Verdino, the German regiment of our Zoya's executioners was defeated. "

Zoya's brother, lieutenant tanker Alexander Kosmodemyansky, also took part in the battles against the 197th Hitlerite Infantry Division. “Units of the N-compound are finishing off the remnants of the 197th Infantry Division in fierce battles ... The five German photographs of the Nazi massacre of Zoya, published in the Pravda newspaper, caused a new wave of anger among our soldiers and commanders. Here Zoya's brother, a tankman of the guard, Lieutenant Alexander Kosmodemyansky, is bravely fighting and avenging his sister, ”wrote in the army newspaper“ Let's destroy the enemy! ” war correspondent Major Vershinin.