Pencil drawing lessons for beginners. How to draw. How to learn to draw? Step by step plan

Why create art schools? No, not in order to make painters out of all the students. The point is to develop in the child the ability to depict on paper objects that he sees correctly, and if necessary, he could draw a curious view of the area, or any other object, from life. The ability to draw develops in a person the ability to correctly evaluate fine arts that bring great pleasure. It also follows from this that teaching this type of art should differ from the usual method of teaching, based solely on copying from ready-made drawings, or originals. It is necessary to develop an eye, to learn the properties of various lines and their mutual compatibility, to distinguish between shapes that are drawn by hand, without using a ruler or compass.

What can you draw with a pencil?

If you don’t have the opportunity or desire to attend an art school, you can learn all this yourself. But keep in mind that this will require much more effort to study. necessary literature. Remember that you need to start with small ones, gradually moving towards more complex ones (learn to draw in stages). Drawing books recommend that you first familiarize yourself with the following positions:

1. Lines, their equality, connection and composition of figures
2. Drawing rectilinear images
3. Curvilinear figures, rules of perspective
4. About light and shadows
5. About regular bodies
6. Representation of complex bodies from life

And only after that move on to drawing full-fledged paintings. You can't make it up what to draw with a simple pencil ? Look around! There is so much here: streets, houses, people, trees, animals, objects. Can't you find anything worthy of your brush? You can copy pictures from books (this is the simplest thing you can think of). And just draw mom and dad! On our website you will find a lot of useful step-by-step lessons, for example, learn how to draw:

1. In the woods;

And much more! You can see how many ready-made lessons we have in the right column above. I also picked up a little interesting pictures, which will help your imagination. Look below!

Drawings for boys:

See mine. This is a complex picture in Anime style. I made the lesson much easier.

Drawing is an artistic skill that, once mastered, will bring you great pleasure, and over time it can even turn into an amazing hobby. You may think that in order to learn to draw well, you need to attend professional lessons, but that's not true. Simple drawing For your own pleasure, you can save money and improve your skills. To learn how to draw without taking a class, sketch with short strokes, apply shadows, highlight individual shapes in objects of various shapes, and practice as much as possible.

Steps

Part 1

Choose an object to draw from life. If possible, find something meaningful to yourself, such as your favorite flower or your dog. On initial stage you will likely find it easier to draw from life than from memory or imagination. So if you draw something that you enjoy, it will help you concentrate.

• If you're just trying to draw, you don't need any special ones yet. art materials. Any pen or pencil and paper on hand will do the job.

1. Draw a general sketch with short strokes. Lightly press the pencil onto the paper. Concentrate on the line you are drawing, forgetting about the object itself. If you're drawing a dog, forget about it. Instead, start drawing its outlines. They represent the boundaries between the dog's body and its environment. Draw these outlines with short strokes.

   • The shorter your strokes are, the more accurate your sketch will be.
   • Don't criticize your work. Move quickly and perfect your strokes as you go.

2. Draw in the details. Once the sketch of the object is ready in general outline, start drawing out its details. Try to identify distinctive features or marks on an object, for example, a chip on a cup or a tuft of hair on a dog, based on which you can place other nearby details in the drawing.

   Apply shadows. Applying shadows will be a little more difficult, but they allow you to reflect the play of light and shadow in the drawing, and also create volume. Look from which side the object is illuminated by the sun. Then take a sharp pencil and evenly shade the penumbra areas. Once the pencil tip becomes dull, move on to shading the darker areas. To make the pencil leave darker strokes, press harder.

   • You can practice applying shadows by drawing a smooth scale of shadows. Start drawing the scale from the edge of the sheet. Move the pencil back and forth as you work. As you work, begin to press harder on the pencil to gradually make the strokes darker.
   • It is also useful to practice drawing a scale achromatic colors. Divide the elongated rectangle into five sections. Leave the first section white. Paint the last section as much as possible dark color, as much as possible. In between these two sections (in the three central sections), distribute your strokes so that you get transitional (light to dark) shades of gray.

3. Connect different geometric shapes into shapes. Learn to compose individual blocks from which the contours of an object are formed. For example, a table can be represented as a series of rectangles and cylinders, and a snake as a series of circles. As soon as you learn to identify individual geometric blocks in objects, you will be able to draw them even from memory (without nature).

   • Spend some time looking at the objects carefully and trying to fit them into individual geometric shapes.

4. Sketch the subject from different angles. Assemble a drawing object from various forms. While working on the sketch, erase the unnecessary ones and draw the necessary lines so that the object in the drawing acquires the required shape. Once you've finished drawing this sketch, try drawing the same subject from other angles. For example, in profile, a horse's head may consist of a square nose, a circle of cheeks and a triangle of ears, but the same head can be drawn from many other angles.

   • Return to these sketches later to improve the rest of your drawings.

5. Draw the selected object again. Next time, after correcting various errors in sketches from different angles, draw the object again. At first, you can even rely on prepared sketches. Build an object from basic geometric shapes, then draw its details and correct it possible mistakes. Once you have some experience, you will be able to draw this object in various poses, even from memory.

   • It is quite acceptable to make some simplifications in the drawing, they may even become yours individual style. For example, remembering the location of every single muscle on the body can take too much time.

   Part 3

   Learning drawing techniques

   1. Learn information about various drawing techniques. Your local library should have books about different styles drawing from realism to Japanese manga. Similar books can also be purchased in bookstores. For free drawing ideas and demo tutorials, search "how to draw (subject)" on Google or YouTube.

      • Books on anatomy can also serve good source information for realistic drawings. Learn to schematically draw the skeleton and muscles using them.

   2. Start working with additional materials. It's usually best to stick with one thing before you gain experience, such as pencil and paper. Then you can find alternatives that you like better and will help you develop your own style, for example, start working with colored pencils or charcoal. In addition, even simple pencils come in different hardnesses, which allows you to expand your options for applying shadows.

      • TM (HB) pencils are considered standard. T-category (H) pencils are harder and suitable for drawing light lines. M-category (B) pencils are softer and suitable for drawing darker lines.
      • The degree of hardness and softness of pencils is expressed by a number. For hard pencils (T or H), the highest hardness is expressed as a nine, and for soft pencils(M or B) nine indicates the highest softness.
      • Vinyl erasers and scratch marks don't damage paper like regular rubber erasers, but they won't erase colored pencils. Due to the plasticity of such erasers (they have a doughy consistency), they can be given any shape to accurately remove individual small parts pencil sketch.

   3. Learn to imagine the drawing process itself. When you're not busy drawing, look around. Think about how you could reflect the environment in the drawing. For example, imagine how you apply shadows around drawn eyes, draw pupils and irises. This line of thinking will allow you to think about working on the lines and creating your own style.

      • The goal is to learn to see details, not just general forms. Instead of thinking about the eye itself, think about the lines and colors that will allow you to draw that eye.

   4. Practice. Drawing is a lot like skills like playing the piano. musical instrument or cycling. Whenever you have free time, sit down and sketch. Practice shading and using different painting techniques. Work on sketching things from different angles. In between drawing sessions, simply spend time with objects that interest you so you can learn more about them without becoming overwhelmed.

   • Make it a habit to draw every day. With this habit, it will be easier for you to force yourself to practice, and you will improve your skills faster.
   • Don't be discouraged by realizing you've made mistakes. This perception stops many aspiring artists. Remember, even experienced artists continue to learn as they go.
   • It will take time to master the precise coordination of hand movements. Keep practicing, making short strokes on basic geometric shapes, and the results will improve over time.
   • There is no need to purchase expensive art materials. A notepad and simple pencils will be enough for studying.
   • Developing the skill of identifying individual geometric shapes in objects also takes time, but it helps to make more accurate sketches.

   Warnings

   • Someone, or even you yourself, may try to talk yourself out of this idea. But don't listen to those who say you don't have talent. Drawing needs to be learned, and if you enjoy doing it, just keep working on it.

Who among us has not dreamed of becoming an artist at least once? Especially in childhood, many of us wanted to learn how to draw beautifully, and maybe even paint real pictures. But, as often happens, dreams were shattered due to a banal lack of skills. Either due to a change of interests, or because of ordinary laziness, many lacked the desire and patience to continue developing in this direction.

So how can beginners learn to draw with a pencil?

Like any creative activity, the art of drawing contains many subtleties and helps to reveal to its owner not only creative potential, but also to realize your worldview in a beautiful form. These subtleties will be discussed further.

Stages and principles of training

Often, in order to fully learn how to draw, they resort to step-by-step training and practice of drawing various compositions of different types. There is quite a big difference, if you, for example, are trying to draw a person, or are trying to realize some kind of landscape on paper. That is why in this case it is very important to master the skills of drawing a wide variety of objects.

Another basic principle in learning to draw is regularity. Practice is the decisive factor in developing drawing skills. It would not be a bad idea to create a specific schedule for the week, according to which you could devote at least 20 minutes a day to this activity. It follows from this that you also need to show some patience in such training.

What do you need to get started?

So, first of all, find yourself notebook with fairly large leaves. There should be at least 50 sheets. The second point in your preparation should be the choice pencil taste. There are a great variety of pencils, so in your case best choice will be the one you are used to using. For example, it could be a pencil with a soft lead. Naturally, a little later you will have to buy more necessary pencils to improve the quality of your work.

Get yourself a calendar too. Where you will celebrate not only your class schedule, but also your successes. At first you will have to force yourself to strictly follow the schedule, but over time it will become part of your lifestyle and will bring great pleasure.

Try to draw something on the first page. Don't worry about the high quality of the drawing. After a certain time, you will open the notebook to the first page and be surprised at the difference between how it was and what changes have occurred.

Basics

Many people think that drawing is a skill that depends only on natural talent, so they easily find excuses in the format of “not given” or “doesn’t work out.” But it’s not just about talent, but also about acquired skills. A person who can draw well without knowledge basic principles- a rare exception. Any business needs to be learned. Therefore, next we will look at the basic laws and techniques of drawing.

There are 9 basic laws of drawing, after learning which you will learn to draw quite high level. Let's discuss them.

• Law of perspective. Objects that the author wants to visually bring closer are distorted in such a way that one part of it appears closer than another part of it.
• Arrangement of objects. Objects that are at the bottom of the sheet appear much closer than others.
• Law of size. The object in the picture, which, according to the author’s plan, should be located closer, should, accordingly, look larger than those located further away.
• Law of overlap. An object that is in front of another becomes visually closer to us.
• Law of penumbra. The conventionally unlit part of the object, which is located on the opposite side of the light source, should be darker.
• Law of the shadow. To make the drawn object seem three-dimensional, you need to add a cast shadow to it, also strictly on back side from the light source.
• Law of contours. It is necessary to accentuate the contours of round objects to give them depth.
• Law of the horizon. This is the case when the horizon is drawn so that the depicted objects appear to be at different distances from the observer.
• Density law. To make it seem that objects are at different distances, it is also necessary to draw near objects in more detail and distant objects in less detail.

Using these 9 basic laws in practice, it will not be difficult for you to move to the next level in drawing.

Also, in order to avoid simple mistakes, a beginner needs to follow a few important stages when creating a sketch of a drawing. Here they are:

We draw from simple to complex

More or less known fact, that the drawing is different from the drawing. What we mean first of all is that drawing a person is far from the same as drawing, say, a tree. Different things require perfect execution different approaches. That is why further we will consider in detail the technique of drawing various compositions.

Don't take it right away complex compositions. Because in the science of drawing, the mindset with which you start working is very important. If you immediately took up complex drawing, and nothing worked out for you, then you are guaranteed a bad mood. You may even lose the desire to pick up a pencil altogether. Therefore, in our training we will go from simple to complex, gradually learning new drawing techniques. Let's start with something simple.

Drawing geometric shapes

Because looking for suitable layouts geometric shapes will be quite long in time, we will be based on our imagination. For convenience, you can even download ready-made pictures of various geometric shapes from the Internet.

Cube

Let's draw a cube. Take this picture as a basis:

Repeat all the edges and sides of the geometric figure. Don't forget that the back wall of the cube is proportionally smaller than the front. Now let's pay attention to the shadow.

Imagine the light source is in front. This will make the front side of the cube lighter and the sides darker. Shade the sides. Mark the lines of the front corner with a pencil, and leave the rest thin. He will attract all the attention of the observer.

To give your figure a unique look, you can slightly distort the proportions. So we might end up with something similar.

Cylinder

Draw the plane on which your figure will be located. It should not be in the air, because the shadow must fall on something. Find on this plane the ideal place to locate the central axis of your cylinder. Draw a vertical line straight up from this point. Draw ellipses around both ends of this line. Connect the lower and upper ellipses with the same vertical lines. The sketch is almost ready. For convenience, you can add a couple of auxiliary lines. For example, in front, such a line can mark the border of the shadow. Draw the outline of the shadow on the horizontal plane on which your figure is located. The result should be something like this:

Now that we're done with the frame, it's time shade the main parts of our figure. Again, given that the light must be strictly in opposite direction from the shadow, we mark by eye where the highlight will be. It is also worth considering that the glare on the cylinder will not form a spot, but a vertical stripe. Shading more dark shade the area from the shadow line to the rear border of the cylinder. Lubricate the border of the hatching to make the transition smooth. Shade the shadow of the figure itself. Leave the upper part of the cylinder light.

Drawing a sphere

Let's try to depict one of the basic geometric shapes, on the basis of which more complex objects will be drawn in the future. This figure is a sphere. She is even easier to draw than the others. You need to draw a circle. Next, from the edges of this circle, you need to draw several more concentric circles inside this figure. These circles may not be perfectly regular; moreover, they may take the shape of an ellipse.

They will serve us in order to do the shading correctly. Refer to the picture below.

Shade the circles according to the diagram shown. Draw another ellipse on the main plane. Shade this ellipse too to create a shadow. The sphere is ready.

Exercise

Try using the sphere drawing skill to draw more complex compositions, such as a plum. Notice what changes have occurred to the shadow? What happened in the end?

Answer

Shadow and light switched places. As a result, the berry acquired the illusion of transparency.

So, we found out that drawing geometric shapes is not such a difficult task.

Based on a basic knowledge of geometry and the skill of drawing such figures, you will be able to create more complex compositions with their help.

Drawing dishes

The next most difficult stage in pencil drawing is drawing dishes. In this case, the main difficulty lies more in the correct placement of shadows, both on the subject and around it.

Let's draw simple vase. It will be great if you find a suitable example that you can study in advance.

At the very beginning, we need to indicate the parameters of the object using straight lines. Draw a small horizontal line at the bottom of the sheet. This line will be the bottom of our vase. From the center of the horizontal line, perpendicular to it, draw a vertical line. This line will indicate the height of the object. Draw another horizontal line at the top of the vertical one. If anything is not clear to you, refer to the figure below:

As we can see, we will need another horizontal line marking the narrow neck of the vase. Draw it. Next, you need to draw ellipses with centers coinciding with the intersection points of the vertical and horizontal lines. They are needed to add volume to the vase.

The next step will be drawing the outline of the object. For example, it could be like this:

The final stage will be drawing light and shadows. This is done in the same way as with geometric shapes. Simply, first you need to decide what underlies each part of the object, a sphere, cylinder, cone or cube.

Try to ensure that the outline of your vase is symmetrical on both sides.

Drawing a cup

First, using the proven method, we need to draw the vertical and horizontal lines. This time, the base of the cup will be much smaller than its neck, and not the same. Draw ellipses for the top and bottom.

Plants

Unlike geometric shapes and dishes, drawing various plants is a more difficult task than it might seem at first. For example, in contrast to relatively simple objects, in the case of flowers, bushes, trees and much more, it is better to always have a living example before your eyes. It is very difficult to reliably imagine such a number of different details and correctly display them on paper. Or it could be finished image original. With the level of detail of the drawing, it is important to decide the issue at the very beginning. After all, it can be as simple as possible, or, on the contrary, contain a large number of details.

Drawings by degree of detail:

Let's start drawing.

Make a preliminary sketch of your composition. If it is not one flower but several, draw them so that the stems are slightly curved and the buds look in different directions. You don't have to make all the lines perfectly correct.

One of the most interesting things is that the initial sketch can consist of geometric shapes, albeit a little distorted. Take a closer look.

What do you see? The picture contains at least a circle, ovals, a cylinder, a distorted rhombus and cones. This tells us that sometimes even complex images at the initial stage can be drawn using simple shapes.

Start drawing out the details. Draw the petals and add some irregularities to the petals. Add leaves to the composition. Focus on the original.

A tulip flower usually has about 6-7 petals that partially overlap each other.

If you pay attention, you will note that the thickness of the stems is the same along the entire length. The leaves are long, with a sharp end, curved. Leaves envelop the stem. Also pay attention to attaching the stem to the bud. This is noticeable on the flower turning back.

The final stage will be adding light and shadow. Using light strokes, make the areas inside the flower more shaded, as well as on inside leaves. The places where the petals intersect can also be slightly shaded. This will give the petals a transparent effect. Draw the stamens. They can be emphasized with a darker color.

As you can see from the last lesson, creating a simple composition is not a problem if you know basic fundamentals drawing, from simple to complex.

Drawing an oak tree

Trees are very often integral part different complex paintings. For example, these could be landscapes where numerous trees echo images of animals, which will be discussed later.

Take hard pencil. It will be needed to very loosely draw a general sketch of the tree. As always, we will go from the general to the details.

Draw a tree trunk. Since we are drawing an oak tree, it should be thick. Draw branches from the tree trunk.

Add a few clouds of leaves inside the crown. You need to deliberately leave empty areas so that some branches are visible.

Thicken the branches where they are not covered by leaves.

Start applying the main shadows. Before doing this, think about which side the light will fall from and how parts can be further shaded.

Draw the leaves. Add detail to them and distribute the shadows correctly. Select several leaves throughout the crown. This adds volume to the picture. The oak is ready!

It is not necessary to draw every leaf in the final image. You can simply thicken the contours of the leaves.

Today we will talk on creative theme, namely about drawing. But don’t think that we will tell you how to draw. There are art schools for this. We will be interested in the usual redrawing. Can you tell me why this is necessary? Imagine that a person does not know how to draw like experts do, but he wants to draw something. Even just for the sake of useful time forwarding. This is where drawings come to the rescue; they can be drawn and colored as needed.

You can draw with either a simple pencil or colored pencils. A picture will be a good help to you. For example, you imagine a cat, but you cannot draw it from memory. Then take the finished picture and slowly begin to sketch. This is also painstaking and creative work.

Drawings for sketching, easy and beautiful step by step for beginners

Let's start with the fact that if you are just trying your hand at sketching, then you should start with a step-by-step drawing. There are diagrams that show step by step how to draw a particular object. Let's take a minion from a cartoon as an example. It can be drawn like this:

Or let's take a very simple drawing, say a fish.

And this is how you can draw with different angles hare

A good option is a cow.

If you have already mastered sketching. You can move on to more complex objects, for example, a horse.

You can not draw her entirely, but make a portrait.

You can draw not only animals, but also flowers.

Returning to animal portraits, such a wonderful tiger. Give it a try.

And finally, in the theme of the coming year of the pig, a corresponding drawing.

If you have children who love to draw, try this with them.

Drawings for sketching step by step for girls 12 years old

What can you do to interest girls? Of course, various princesses, dolls, fairy-tale characters.

For phone lovers:

And here is a whole selection of beautiful drawings.

Enough easy drawing"Best Girlfriends"

And this good picture girl with a dog. The idea of ​​the picture itself is interesting.

This drawing is in anime style.

Another one in the same style.

Simple drawing of a cat.

Portrait drawing.

And another drawing, quite simple technically. You can practice drawing a self-portrait on it.

Sketches of drawings for boys

We found something to draw for girls, now let’s select drawings for boys. What could be better than cars? Just a lot of cars.

Military equipment, such as tanks, is also suitable.

For fans of martial arts, this drawing with a ninja is suitable.

Another such car is a jeep. Maybe dreams will come true later.

Except military equipment You can also draw the military themselves.

So the choice is also quite large.

Light and beautiful pictures for sketchbook

A sketchbook is an album for sketches and sketches. Every self-respecting artist should have such an album. But even if you are just interested in drawing, then such an album is also a must.

In this album you can not only sketch something you like, but also make your own sketches under the influence of emotions.

Portraits are popular in such albums.

A simple drawing, for example, dandelions.

You can practice by drawing various talismans.

In addition to drawings, you can make logo pictures or sketches with text.

The sketchbook is thus a kind of artist’s portfolio.

How to draw beautifully by cells

If you find it difficult to draw any pictures on clean slate paper, you can use the method. However, even experienced artists sometimes use this method. It consists of drawing cells or taking finished sheet into a cell and draw the picture you like in these cells.

It can be simple drawings, such as a dolphin.

Or this bear cub.

Or they can be more complicated.

These drawings are more like pixels, but they are good for practice.

Drawings for sketching in the form of a unicorn

For fantasy lovers, we can advise you to draw the most traditional creature of this genre - a unicorn.

You can draw a unicorn in the classic style.

You can also make a drawing in a “cartoon” style.

Portrait of a unicorn.

And one more is enough artistic drawing.

Making beautiful drawings about autumn

Autumn. It's quite a romantic time. You can draw many wonderful compositions here.

Leaf fall.

Set of leaves and acorns for autumn design.

And this is a step-by-step drawing of the autumn landscape

And one more beautiful portrait in the leaves.

How to draw an owl with patterns step by step

If you like drawing owls, here are some options for sketching.

Owl with patterns of flowers.

Portrait of an owl.

Owl in flight.

But you can draw an owl a little easier. For this, look step by step drawings and try to do the same yourself.

Or, for example, this drawing.

Or another very simple way of drawing. We make an oval in which we draw the eyes and ears.

How to draw cartoon characters step by step

And one last thing. Cartoon drawings. They will be especially interesting for children. You can start with Luntik.

Portrait of a hare from “Well, wait a minute.”

The famous Winnie the Pooh.

The Wolf from Mowgli

Picture from the cartoon The Smurfs.

The favorite of kids is the pony.

Training video - how to draw a simple and beautiful drawing

You can try to make these wonderful drawings yourself. All you have to do is take a pencil, a piece of paper, be patient and start creating. Good luck!