The plot and system of images of the story “And the dawns here are quiet...”

Vasiliev's story artistic genre

"War has no woman's face"- this has been the thesis for many centuries. Very capable of surviving the horror of war strong people, therefore it is customary to consider war a man's business. But the tragedy, the cruelty of war lies in the fact that along with the men, women also stand up and go to kill and die.

Five completely different girlish characters, five different destinies. The female anti-aircraft gunners go on reconnaissance under the command of Sergeant Major Vaskov, who is used to living according to the rules. Despite the horrors of war, he retained the best human qualities. He realizes his guilt before them for not being able to save the girls. The death of five girls leaves deep wound in the heart of the elder, he cannot find an excuse for her even in his soul. In the sorrow of this common man contains the highest humanism.

The behavior of the girls is also a feat, because they are completely unsuited to military conditions.

According to the author, the story is based on a real episode during the war, when seven soldiers, after being wounded, serving at one of the junction stations of the Adler-Sakhalin railway, did not allow a German sabotage group to blow up railway in this area. After the battle, only the sergeant, the commander of a group of Soviet soldiers, survived, and after the war he was awarded the medal “For Military Merit.” “And I thought: this is it! A situation when a person himself, without any order, decides: I won’t let you in! They have nothing to do here! I started working on this plot and have already written about seven pages. And suddenly I realized that nothing would work. It'll just be special case at war. There was nothing fundamentally new in this plot. Work stopped. And then suddenly it came up - let my hero have young girls under his command, not men. And that’s it - the story was immediately built up. Women have the hardest time in war. There were 300 thousand of them at the front! And then no one wrote about them"

The narration is conducted on behalf of Vaskov. The whole story is based on his memories. And this plays an important role in the ideological and artistic perception of the story. It was written by a man who went through the whole war, so it is all believable. The author dedicates it moral problem formation and transformation of the character and psyche of the individual in war conditions. The painful topic of war is illustrated by the example of the heroes of the story. Each of them has his own attitude to the war, his own motives for fighting the fascists. And it is these young girls who will have to prove themselves in war conditions. Each Vasiliev character has its own flavor and its own range of feelings. The events that take place make you empathize with each character. As they said during the war, there is one life and one death. And all the girls can equally be called true heroines of war.

For a more complete disclosure of images, Vasiliev uses the following artistic device like a retrospective. A retrospective review is a return to the past. Reception of retrospection in fiction(inclusion of past events into the narrative).

It is from the memories of the heroes of the story that we learn more about their life before the war, their social relevance and characters. The heroines of this story are very different. Each of them is unique, has an inimitable character and a unique destiny, broken by the war. What these girls have in common is that they live for the same goal. This goal is to protect the Motherland, protect their families, protect loved ones. And to do this it is necessary to destroy the enemy. For some, destroying the enemy means fulfilling their duty, avenging the death of their loved ones.

Let's look at each character separately. Let's start with commandant Fedot Efgrafovich Vaskov. In this character we see a lonely person for whom there is nothing left in life except the regulations, orders of his superiors and the department entrusted to him. The war took everything away. He lived strictly according to the rules and imposed this rule on everyone around him. In the life of the commandant, everything changed with the advent of the sent anti-aircraft gunners. In addition to their pleasant appearance, the new arrivals were also sharp-tongued. Despite the noticeable rudeness, Vaskov shows concern for all five anti-aircraft gunners. The image of Vaskov experiences a rebirth throughout the story. But not only the foreman himself is the reason for this. The girls also contributed a considerable share, each in their own way. Fedot Efgrafovich is having a hard time experiencing the death of the girls. He became mentally attached to each of them, each of the deaths left a scar on his heart. Vaskov’s arm was shot, but his heart hurt many times more. He felt guilty for the death of each of the girls. Without losing the pouch, he might have avoided the death of Sonya Gurvich; Without sending Lisa Brichkina on an empty stomach and more convincingly forcing her to rest on an island in the swamp, her death could also have been avoided. But was it possible to know all this in advance? You won't bring anyone back. A last request Rita Osyanina became a real order, which Vaskov simply did not dare to disobey. There is a moment in the story when Vaskov, together with Rita’s son, lays flowers on a memorial plaque with the names of all five female anti-aircraft gunners. The thirst for revenge ruled Vaskov’s consciousness after the death of Rita Osyanina, who asked to take her little son to her. Vaskov will subsequently replace his father.

The story of Elizaveta Brichkina, who suffered an absurd, but terrible and painful death, is complex. Lisa is a silent, somewhat withdrawn girl. In the story, Lisa is a dreamy and calm, but at the same time serious girl. She lived with her parents on a cordon in the forest. Filled with a sense of hope for happiness and anticipation of a bright future, she walked through life. She always remembered her parents’ parting words and promises of a happy “tomorrow.” Once in the detachment of anti-aircraft gunners, Lisa was calm and restrained. She liked Vaskov. Lisa, without hesitation, asked to join the squad to search for German saboteurs. Vaskov agreed. Throughout the journey, Lisa attracted Vaskov’s attention more and more. He told her: “You take note of everything, Lizaveta, you are our forest man...” (178). Realizing the danger of the situation, when instead of two saboteurs sixteen appeared on the horizon, Vaskov immediately knew who he would send for help. Lisa was in a hurry. She wanted to bring help as soon as possible. All the way she thought about the words of Fedot Evgrafovich and warmed herself with the thought that they would definitely carry out the order and sing. Walking through the swamp, Lisa experienced incredible fear. And this is understandable, because then, when she walked along with everyone, they would definitely have helped her if anything happened, but now she is alone, in a dead, deaf swamp, where there is not a single living soul who could help her. But Vaskov’s words and the proximity of the “cherished stump” (201), which was a landmark for Lisa, and therefore solid ground under her feet, warmed Lisa’s soul and lifted her spirits. But the author decides to take a tragic turn of events. Attempts to get out and heart-rending cries for help are in vain. And at the moment when the last moment in Lisa’s life has come, the sun appears as a promise of happiness and a symbol of hope. Everyone knows the saying: hope dies last. This is what happened to Lisa. “Lisa saw this beautiful blue sky for a long time. Wheezing, she spat out dirt and reached out, reached out to him, reached out and believed... And until the last moment she believed that this would happen tomorrow for her too...” (202)

The death of Sonya Gurvich was unnecessary; she, trying to do a good deed, dies from an enemy blade. A student preparing for the summer session is forced to fight the German occupiers. She and her parents were of the Jewish nation. Sonya got into the group that Vaskov recruited because she knew German. Like Brichkina, Sonya was quiet. She also loved poetry and often read them out loud, either to herself or to her friends.

Vaskov dropped his memorable tobacco pouch. Sonya understood his feelings about the loss and decided to help him. Remembering where she had seen this pouch, Sonya ran in search of it. Vaskov ordered her to return in a whisper, but Sonya no longer heard him. The German soldier who grabbed her plunged a knife into her chest. Having decided to do a good deed for her boss, Sonya Gurvich passed away.

Sonya's death was the first loss of the detachment. That is why everyone, especially Vaskov, took it very seriously. Vaskov blamed himself for her death. But nothing could be done. She was buried, and Vaskov removed the buttonholes from her jacket. He will subsequently remove the same buttonholes from all the jackets of the dead girls.

The following three characters can be viewed simultaneously. These are the images of Rita Osyanina ( maiden name Mushtakov), Zhenya Komelkova and Gali Chetvertak. These three girls always stayed together. Young Zhenya was incredibly pretty. “Laughter” had a difficult life story. Before her eyes, the whole family was killed, a loved one died, so she had her own personal accounts with the Germans. She and Sonya came to Vaskov’s disposal a little later than the others, but nevertheless they immediately joined the team. She also did not immediately develop a friendship with Rita, but after a sincere conversation, both girls saw in themselves good friends. Zhenya, with the last bullets, began to lead the Germans away from her wounded friend, giving Vaskov time to help Rita. Zhenya accepted a heroic death. She wasn't afraid to die. Her last words meant that by killing one soldier, even a girl, they would not kill the whole Soviet Union. Zhenya literally cursed before her death, laying out everything that hurt her.

They also did not immediately accept homely Galya into their “company”. Galya showed herself as good man who will not betray and will give the last piece of bread to his comrade. Having managed to keep Rita's secret, Galya became one of them.

Young Galya lived in orphanage. She got to the front by deception, lying about her age. Galya was very timid. WITH early childhood deprived of maternal warmth and care. She made up stories about her mother, believing that she was not an orphan, that her mother would come back and take her. Everyone laughed at these stories, and unfortunate Galya tried to come up with other stories to amuse others.

Gali's death can be called stupid. Succumbing to fright, she breaks away and runs screaming. A German bullet instantly overtakes her, Galya dies.

During her nineteen years, Rita Osyanina managed to be married and give birth to a son. Her husband died in the first days of the war, but she did not know about this and was waiting for him all the time. Rita herself became an anti-aircraft gunner, wanting to avenge her husband. Rita began to run away to the city at night to visit her son and sick mother, returning in the morning. One day that same morning, Rita came across saboteurs.

The death of Rita Osyanina is psychologically the most difficult moment of the story. B. Vasiliev very accurately conveys the state of a young twenty-year-old girl, perfectly aware that her wound is fatal and that nothing awaits her except torment. But at the same time she was only concerned with one thought: she was thinking about little son, realizing that her timid, sickly mother is unlikely to be able to raise her grandson. The strength of Fedot Vaskov is that he knows how to find the most accurate words at the right moment, so you can trust him. And when he says: “Don’t worry, Rita, I understood everything” (243), it becomes clear that he will really never abandon little Alik Osyanin, but will most likely adopt him and raise him as an honest man. The description of Rita Osyanina's death in the story takes only a few lines. At first a shot sounded quietly. “Rita shot in the temple, and there was almost no blood. Blue specks of powder thickly surrounded the bullet hole, and for some reason Vaskov looked at them for a particularly long time. Then he took Rita aside and began to dig a hole in the place where she had been lying before.”(243)

The tragedy and absurdity of what is happening is emphasized by the fabulous beauty of the Legontov monastery, located next to the lake. And here, amid death and blood, “there was a grave silence, there was already a ringing in my ears.” War is an unnatural phenomenon. War becomes doubly terrible when women die, because it is then, according to B. Vasiliev, that “the threads break” (214). The future, fortunately, turns out to be not only “eternal”, but also grateful. It is no coincidence that in the epilogue, a student who came to relax on Lake Legontovo wrote in a letter to a friend: “It turns out that they fought here, old man. We fought when we were not yet in the world... We found the grave - it is behind the river, in the forest... And the dawns here are quiet, I only saw it today. And pure, pure, like tears...” (246) In B. Vasiliev’s story, the world triumphs. The girls’ feat has not been forgotten; their memory will be an eternal reminder that “war does not have a woman’s face.”

B.L. Vasiliev in his story “And the dawns here are quiet...” created figurative system characters. The image of the main character, Sergeant Major Vaskov, is revealed when interacting with the heroines of the story. These comparisons show inner world heroes.

Subject. "War is not a woman's business." ( extracurricular reading based on the story by B.L. Vasiliev “And the dawns here are quiet”)

Target

image systems;

the happiness of victory has been won.

Equipment

Epigraph for the lesson

A. Tvardovsky, 1965.

During the classes

Did you really want us to die?

Everyone simply had a choice:

Me or the Motherland.

The best and most expensive -

Your grief is our grief,

Your truth is our truth,

Your glory is our glory,

I. Teacher's word.

What is war? (war is grief, tears, death, bloodshed, fires, devastation, hunger)

About the harsh V.O. war of 1941-45 We, the new generation, judge only by the stories of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers, by films and books, and there are many of them. (“They fought for the Motherland” by M. Sholokhov, directed by Bondarchuk; “20 days without war” by K. Simonov - directed by A. German; “The Fate of a Man”, “ Hot Snow", "17 moments of spring", etc.)

It has already happened that our memory of the war and all our ideas about the war are male. This is understandable, because it was mostly men who fought. But over the years, we understand more and more the immortal feat of a woman in war, her greatest sacrifice, sacrificed on the altar of Victory.

(reading the epigraph of the lesson)

II

(dramatization of the episode)

2) What is the unique character of each of the five female anti-aircraft gunners? (Zhenya Komelkova is a bright beauty, admired by both men and women, friends and even doctors. The originality of Rita Osyanina is in a pronounced sense of duty. Sonya Gurvich is characterized by poetry combined with fragility and insecurity, which evoke a desire to protect and protect. The main thing is Lisa Brichkina - this is closeness to nature, open cordiality. The Chetvertak jackdaw is especially special - the ability to transform reality, the indefatigable imagination)

Each of the girls has their own harsh account of the Nazis. Rita Osyanina's husband died on the second day of the war. Zhenya Komelkova’s mother, sister, brother were killed with a machine gun.” Sonya Gurvich has a friendly and big family in occupied Minsk. Liza Brichkina has a failed “premonition of dazzling happiness.”

Galya Chetvertak has unfulfilled fantasies.

Introducing Vaskov, B. Vasiliev resorts to direct characterization, direct speech, and an excursion into the hero’s past. The foreman’s past explains a lot about him today. First of all, considering it “a big hindrance that he is a person without education,” although it is not his fault. At the end of the fourth (grade) the bear broke his father. And from the age of 14 he became the breadwinner, water provider and earner in the family. For a long time, Vaskov felt older than he was. In the army, he was a sergeant major not only by rank, but also by seniority essence. The author sees seniority as a symbol. A symbol of reliance on people like Vaskov - conscientious workers, and in the military too.

The relationship between Vaskov and the anti-aircraft gunners is difficult at first due to the fact that the girls constantly violate the regulations. At this stage, girls for him are “eh, warriors!”, and he is “a suede stump.”

IV. Lesson summary.

Wars, even small ones, are always great for a woman. A woman rejects death, called to love and continue life.

Who is Vasiliev’s story addressed to? (The story is addressed to contemporaries. The tourist guy, having learned about the feat, is ashamed of his ignorance. This can be seen from his letter. The ending of the story is very modest)

Thus, men had a hard time during the war, what can we say about women. And they die not because the author decided their fate this way, but simply: war is not a woman’s business.

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"War is not a woman's business." (extracurricular reading based on the story by B.L. Vasilyev “And the dawns here are quiet”)”

Subject. "War is not a woman's business." (extracurricular reading based on the story by B.L. Vasiliev “And the dawns here are quiet”)

Target: introduce the biography and work of B.L. Vasilyeva;

expand and deepen students’ understanding of the essence of feat, about

the forms of its manifestation, about man’s paths to achievement;

consolidate the skill of analyzing the image of a character (character);

be able to choose and select materials for analysis together with students

image systems;

instilling in students a sense of patriotism, understanding at what cost

the happiness of victory has been won.

Equipment: record player, record with the song “For that guy”;

portrait of Vasiliev, book exhibition.

Epigraph for the lesson

Girlfriends, our sisters, nurses,

That they went to death and met her,

In different parts or on a foreign side...

A. Tvardovsky, 1965.

During the classes

The poem “Requiem” by R. Rozhdestvensky is played to the music “For that guy”

Did you bequeath to us to die,

Life promised, love promised,

Are children born for death?

Did you really want us to die?

She said quietly: “Get up to help...”

Nobody asked you for fame,

Everyone simply had a choice:

Me or the Motherland.

The best and most expensive -

Your grief is our grief,

Your truth is our truth,

Your glory is our glory,

I. Teacher's word.

What is war? (war is grief, tears, death, bloodshed, fires, devastation, hunger)

About the harsh V.O. war of 1941-45 We, the new generation, judge only by the stories of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers, by films and books, and there are many of them. (“They fought for the Motherland” by M. Sholokhov, directed by Bondarchuk; “20 days without war” by K. Simonov - directed by A. German; “The Fate of a Man”, “Hot Snow”, “17 Moments of Spring”, etc. .)

It has already happened that our memory of the war and all our ideas about the war are masculine. This is understandable, because it was mostly men who fought. But over the years, we understand more and more the immortal feat of a woman in war, her greatest sacrifice, sacrificed on the altar of Victory.

And on the eve of the 70th anniversary of his Victory Day, I want to bow deeply to the women who supported the rear on their shoulders, saved the children and defended the country together with the men.

We dedicate today's lesson to such women who, along with men, brought victory closer.

(reading the epigraph of the lesson)

Before us will appear destinies, lives, twisted by war, loss of loved ones, loss of health, women's loneliness, unbearable memorable war years.

You have read the wonderful story by B.L. Vasiliev “And the dawns here are quiet.” Let's talk about the originality of this work.

II. Biography of B.L. Vasiliev. Student performance.

Boris Lvovich Vasiliev was born in 1924 in Smolensk into a military family. In the summer of 1941, two weeks after the start of the war, right from school days volunteered to go to the front. In 1943, having recovered from a serious wound, Vasiliev entered the Academy of Armored Forces and received the specialty of a military engineer.

However, the desire for creativity and the desire to talk about what he saw and experienced during the war forced him to change his profession.

He began publishing in 1954, but the writer became widely known in 1970, sometimes in railways. “Youth” his story “And the dawns here are quiet..” was published following this story by B.L. Vasiliev creates a number of works dedicated to peaceful life. Of these, the story “Don’t Shoot the White Swans” (1973), which asserts the invincibility of goodness and the need for compassion and love for all life on earth, enjoys the greatest success among readers. On the topic of V.O. war returned in the novel “Not on the Lists” (1974). One of latest works novel about a pre-war school.

So, the story of B.L. Vasiliev “And the dawns here are quiet.” To understand the work and analyze it, the questions written on the board will help us.

Sh. Analysis of the work “And the dawns here are quiet.”

1) How do you understand the title of the story? (Throughout the story it is emphasized that there was silence in the forest. And the dawns here are quiet. In the story there is no fierce struggle, bombing, but only skirmishes. Vasiliev wanted to make it clear that so that the dawns were always quiet, the beauty of nature does not bother anyone, everything strength is given to the struggle.)

(dramatization of the episode)

2) What is the unique character of each of the five female anti-aircraft gunners? (Zhenya Komelkova is a bright beauty, admired by both men and women, friends and even doctors. The originality of Rita Osyanina is in a pronounced sense of duty. Sonya Gurvich is characterized by poetry combined with fragility and insecurity, which evoke a desire to protect and protect. The main thing is Lisa Brichkina - this is closeness to nature, open cordiality. The Chetvertak jackdaw is especially special - the ability to transform reality, indefatigable imagination)

Each of the girls has their own harsh account of the Nazis. Rita Osyanina’s husband died on the second day of the war. Zhenya Komelkova’s mother, sister, brother were killed with a machine gun.” Sonya Gurvich has a friendly and large family in occupied Minsk. Liza Brichkina has a failed “premonition of dazzling happiness.”

Galya Chetvertak has unfulfilled fantasies.

From the unique characters of the five anti-aircraft gunner girls, a capacious collective image imperceptibly grows in the story Soviet woman, women patriots, defenders of their Motherland. Each of the five heroines becomes the bearer of one of the essential qualities of this collective image.

What do all female anti-aircraft gunners have in common? What is it? (The story poetizes femininity and the charm of young heroines.

The everyday life of an anti-aircraft battery, the life of a girls' unit, how the girls establish relationships with each other, sometimes break subordination, and unanimously try to sabotage the orders of the “cracker Vaskov” are depicted with humor. With bitterness, Vasiliev emphasizes how the harsh reality of war comes into irreconcilable contradictions with the love of life, tenderness, and kindness inherent in a woman. (the contradiction is when, for example, Rita Osyanina kills her first German. The shock of the murder “kept him shaking all night.”

Zhenya Komelkova experiences the same qualities in hand-to-hand combat, when for the first time she has to kill a doctor with a butt “on a living head,” although both Rita and Zhenya have their own account with the fascists.

All heroines are united by their readiness to engage in battle with their enemies without hesitation. Five girls with three-line rifles stood up against an entire sabotage group of specially trained killers, trained and armed to the teeth. They do everything to stop the enemy, they do not spare their lives.)

5) Can the death of each of the girls be called “heroic”? (Each of us was shocked by the death of all the girls, our hearts ached for each one. (Analysis of the scene of the death of Zh. Komelkova, Rita Osyanina, L. Brichkina). Vaskov says goodbye to the girls, summing up the sad results, indissolubly unites all five with his grief, the desire to take revenge, to perpetuate memory of them.

The feat of each of the heroines becomes significant because they are women, filled with love for people, destined by nature to give and continue life on Earth, tender, fragile, enter into a merciless battle with cruel invaders and die defending at the cost of their lives the freedom and future of their Motherland.

6) What is the idea of ​​heroism and feat in V.O. is the war given in the story? (Thoughts by the author and the main character about the incompatibility of a woman with war, in which the very nature of hatred of murder is inherent, about the loss that the life and death of a woman, a future mother, brings, which could give rise to a whole thread “in the endless yarn of humanity.”)

7) How do the character of Sergeant Major Vaskov and the author’s attitude towards him change throughout the story?

Introducing Vaskov, B. Vasiliev resorts to direct characterization, direct speech, and an excursion into the hero’s past. The foreman’s past explains a lot about him today. First of all, considering it “a big hindrance that he is a person without education,” although it is not his fault. At the end of the fourth (grade) the bear broke his father. And from the age of 14 he became the breadwinner, water provider and earner in the family. For a long time, Vaskov felt older than he was. In the army, he was a sergeant major not only by rank, but also by seniority essence. The author sees seniority as a symbol. A symbol of relying on people like Vaskov - conscientious workers, and in the military too.

Vaskov takes care of the fighters, ensures compliance with the regulations, and takes care of order.

The relationship between Vaskov and the anti-aircraft gunners is difficult at first due to the fact that the girls constantly violate the regulations. At this stage, girls for him are “eh, warriors!”, and he is “a suede stump.”

He says about the beauty of Zh. Komelkova: “The incredible power of the eyes is like 152 mm. howitzer gun")

The mortal battle with saboteurs became the test in which Vaskov’s character is revealed.

Recognizing the girl fighters, he is imbued with warm sympathy for the grief of each of them. having become close to the girls through their common misfortune, loss, and desire to win, he says: “What kind of elder am I to you, sisters? I'm kind of like a brother now." This is how the soul of the stern Vaskov is dealt with in battle. The girls respect him. Vaskov is a performer, but in the situation in which he found himself, he demanded from him the ability to independently decide and make decisions. (read page 9.)

Everyone on his own sector of the front must do everything possible and impossible to win, so that the dawns are quiet.

Zh. Komelkova, R. Osyanina, L. Brichkina, G. Quarter, Sonya Gurvich could each live, raise children, bring joy to people..... But there was a war. None of them had time to fulfill their dreams, live their own lives.

IV. Lesson summary.

"What would we be like? beautiful couple,

My dear, if there had been no war.”

Wars, even small ones, are always great for a woman. A woman rejects death, called to love and continue life.

(The student reads a poem own composition)

Who is Vasiliev’s story addressed to? (The story is addressed to contemporaries. The tourist guy, having learned about the feat, is ashamed of his ignorance. This can be seen from his letter. The ending of the story is very modest)

Thus, men had a hard time during the war, what can we say about women. And they die not because the author decided their fate this way, but simply: war is not a woman’s business.

Analysis of the work “And the dawns here are quiet...”

war poem character story

Recently I read Boris Vasiliev’s story “And the dawns here are quiet...”. Unusual theme. Unusual, because so much has been written about the war that one book would not be enough if you only remembered the titles of books about the war. Unusual because it never ceases to excite people, reviving old wounds and souls. Unusual because memory and history merged into one.

I, like all my peers, do not know war. I don’t know and I don’t want war. But those who died did not want it either, not thinking about death, about the fact that they would no longer see the sun, grass, leaves, or children. Those five girls didn’t want war either!

Boris Vasiliev's story shook me to the core. Rita Osyanina, Zhenya Komelkova, Lisa Brichkina, Galya Chetvertak. In each of them I find a little of myself, they are close to me. Each of them could be my mother, could tell me about beauty, teach me how to live. And I could be in the place of any of them, because I also like to listen to the silence and meet such “quiet, quiet dawns.”

I don't even know which of them is closer to me. They are all so different, but so similar. Rita Osyanina, strong-willed and gentle, rich in spiritual beauty. She is the center of their courage, she is the cement of achievement, she is the Mother! Zhenya... Zhenya, Zhenya, cheerful, funny, beautiful, mischievous to the point of adventure, desperate and tired of war, of pain, of love, long and painful, for a distant and married man. Sonya Gurvich is the embodiment of an excellent student and a poetic nature - a “beautiful stranger”, who came out of a volume of poems by Alexander Blok. Lisa Brichkina... “Oh, Lisa-Lizaveta, you should study!” I would like to study, I would like to see Big city with its theaters and concert halls, its libraries and art galleries. And you, Lisa... The war got in the way! You won’t find your happiness, won’t give you lectures: I didn’t have time to see everything I dreamed of! Galya Chetvertak, who never grew up, is a funny and clumsily childish girl. Notes, escape from orphanage and also dreams... to become new love Orlova.

None of them had time to fulfill their dreams, they simply did not have time to live their own lives. Death was different for everyone, just as their fates were different: for Rita - an effort of will and a shot in the temple; Zhenya’s is desperate and a little reckless, she could have hidden and stayed alive, but she didn’t hide; Sonya's is a dagger strike at poetry; Galya's is as painful and merciless as herself; from Lisa - “Ah, Lisa-Lizaveta, I didn’t have time, I couldn’t overcome the quagmire of war...”.

And the Basque foreman, whom I have not yet mentioned, remains alone. Alone in the midst of pain, torment; one with death, one with three prisoners. Is it alone? He now has five times more strength. And what was best in him, humane, but hidden in his soul, was suddenly revealed, and what he experienced, he felt for himself and for them, for his girls, his “sisters.”

As the foreman laments: “How can we live now? Why is this so? After all, they don’t need to die, but give birth to children, because they are mothers!” Tears inevitably come to your eyes when you read these lines.

But we must not only cry, we must also remember, because the dead do not leave the lives of those who loved them. They just don’t grow old, remaining forever young in people’s hearts.

Why is this particular work memorable to me? Probably because this writer is one of best writers our time. Probably because Boris Vasiliev managed to turn the topic of war on that unusual side, which is perceived especially painfully. After all, we, including myself, are accustomed to combining the words “war” and “men,” but here are women, girls and war. Vasiliev managed to construct the plot in such a way, to tie everything together in such a way that it is difficult to single out individual episodes; this story is a single whole, fused. A beautiful and inseparable monument: five girls and a foreman, standing in the middle of the Russian land: forests, swamps, lakes - against an enemy, strong, hardy, mechanically killing, who significantly exceeds them in number. But they didn’t let anyone through, they stood and stand, like hundreds and thousands similar destinies, exploits, from all the pain and strength of the Russian people.

Women, Russian women, who defeated war and death! And each of them lives in me and other girls, we just don’t notice it. We walk the streets, talk, think, dream like them, but a moment comes and we feel confidence, their confidence: “There is no death! There is life and struggle for Happiness and Love!”

Composition

About the cruelty and inhumanity of war, the amazing story by B.L. Vasilyev “And the dawns here are quiet...” about girls - anti-aircraft gunners and their commander Vaskov. Five girls, together with their commander, go to meet the fascists - saboteurs, whom Rita Osyanina noticed in the forest in the morning. Only there were 19 fascists, and all of them were well armed and prepared for action behind enemy lines. And so, in order to prevent the impending sabotage, Vaskov goes on a mission with the girls.
Sonya Gurvich, Galka Chetvertachok, Lisa Brichkini, Zhenya Komelkova, Rita Ovsyanina - these are the fighters of the small detachment.
Each of the girls carries some kind of life principle, and all of them together personify the feminine principle of life, and their presence in the war is as disharmonious as the sounds of shooting on the shore of Lake Ferapontov.
It is impossible to read the story without tears. How scary it is when girls, whom nature itself intended for life, are forced to defend their Fatherland with arms in their hands. This is precisely the fundamental idea of ​​Boris Vasiliev’s story. It tells about the feat, about the feat of girls who defend their love and youth, their family, their homeland and who did not spare their lives for this. Each of the girls could live, raise children, bring joy to people... But there was a war. None of them had time to fulfill their dreams, they did not have time to live their own lives.
Woman and war are incompatible concepts, if only because a woman gives life, while any war is, first of all, murder. It was difficult for any person to take the life of someone like him, but what was it like for a woman in whom, as B. Vasiliev believes, hatred of murder is inherent in her very nature? In his story, the writer showed very well what it was like for a girl to kill for the first time, even an enemy. Rita Osyanina hated the Nazis quietly and mercilessly. But it’s one thing to wish someone dead, and quite another to kill someone yourself. When I killed the first one, I almost died, by God. I dreamed about a reptile for a month...” In order to kill calmly, one had to get used to it, to harden one’s soul... This is also a feat and at the same time a huge sacrifice of our women, who, for the sake of life on earth, had to step over themselves, go against their nature.
B. Vasiliev shows that the source of the feat was love for the Motherland, which needed protection. It seems to Sergeant Major Vaskov that the position he and the girls occupy is the most important. And he had such a feeling, as if all of Russia had come together behind his back, as if he was her last son and protector. And there was no one else in the whole world: only he, the enemy, and Russia.
The story of Staninstructor Tamara speaks best about the mercy of our women. Stalingrad. The most, the most battles. Tamara was dragging two wounded (in turn), and suddenly, when the smoke cleared a little, she, to her horror, discovered that she was dragging one of our tankers and one German. The station instructor knew very well that if she left the German, he would literally die from blood loss in just a few hours. And she continued to drag them both... Now, when Tamara Stepanovna remembers this incident, she never ceases to amaze herself. “I am a doctor, I am a woman... And I saved a life” - this is how she simply and uncomplicatedly explains her, one might say, heroic deed. And we can only admire these girls who went through all the hell of war and did not “harden in soul”, they remained so humane. This, in my opinion, is also a feat. Moral victory- our greatest victory this year terrible war.
All five girls die, but complete the task: the Germans did not get through. And although their battle with the Nazis was only of “local significance,” it was thanks to such people that the a great victory. Hatred for enemies helped Vaskov and the heroines of the story accomplish their feat. In this struggle they were driven by a sense of humanity, which forces them to fight evil.

The sergeant major is having a hard time with the girls' deaths. All of him human soul can't come to terms with this. He thinks about what they, the soldiers, will definitely be asked to do after the war: “Why couldn’t you, men, protect our mothers from bullets? Did they get married when they died? And he doesn’t find an answer. Vaskov’s heart hurts because he killed all five girls. And in the sorrow of this uneducated soldier is the highest human feat. And the reader feels the writer’s hatred of the war and pain for something else that few people wrote about - for the broken threads of humankind.
In my opinion, every moment of war is already a feat. And Boris Vasiliev only confirmed this with his story.

And the dawns here are quiet...

Boris Vasiliev - famous writer, former participant of the Great Patriotic War. He saw with his own eyes the cruelty and horrors of war, he knows firsthand what he later, in Peaceful time, decided to tell my readers. His best works, in my opinion, “Not on the lists” and “And the dawns here are quiet.”

Behind Lately Much has been written by talented and truthful people, but B. Vasiliev’s stories are not lost in all the diversity of military topics. This is primarily due to the bright and heroic images, created by the author.

“The Dawns Here Are Quiet” is a story about women at war. Many works are devoted to this topic, but this one is special. The story is written without excessive sentimentality, in a harsh, laconic manner. She talks about the events of 1942.

German saboteurs are thrown into the location of an anti-aircraft machine gun battery, commanded by a Basque sergeant major. At first, the foreman thinks that there are two Germans, so he decides to destroy the Nazis with the help of his unit, which contains only girls.

Five anti-aircraft gunners were selected for this task. The sergeant major completes the assigned task, but at what cost?!

Basque - participant Finnish war, knows well the area where the saboteurs are going. Therefore, he confidently leads his unusual fighters to complete the task. At first, the girls had a low opinion of their commander: “a mossy stump, twenty words in reserve, and even those are from the regulations.” Danger brought all six together, revealed extraordinary spiritual qualities foreman, ready to take on any difficulties, but only to save the girls.

Undoubtedly, Basque is the core of the story. He knows and can do a lot; he has front-line experience behind him, which he tries to pass on to his soldiers. He is a man of few words and values ​​only actions. The foreman absorbed best qualities defender, soldier, thanks to the feat of such Vaskovs, the victory was won.

The assistant sergeant major in the group was Sergeant Osyanina. Basque immediately singled her out from the others: “Strict, never laughs.” The foreman was not mistaken - Rita fought skillfully, she took revenge for her deceased border guard husband, for her ruined life, for her desecrated Motherland. Before her inevitable death, Rita tells the elder about her son. From now on, she entrusts the boy to Vaskov, a reliable and kindred spirit.

Zhenka Komelkova has her own scores to settle with the Germans. She saves the foreman and the group three times: first at the channel, stopping the Germans from crossing. Then he stabbed the German who was pressing on Vaskov. And finally, at the cost of her life, she saved the wounded Rita, leading the Nazis further into the forest. The author admires the girl: “Tall, red-haired, white-skinned. And children’s eyes are green, round, like saucers.” Sociable, mischievous, a favorite of those around her, Komelkova sacrificed herself for the common cause - the destruction of saboteurs.

All of them - Lisa Brichkina, Sonya Gurvich, Chetvertak, Rita Osyanina and Zhenya Komelkova - died, but the Basque foreman, shocked by such losses, brought the matter to the end.

This Russian soldier was on the verge of madness. He realized that he would not live if he allowed the Nazis to carry out their plans. No, he must finish what he started. The author showed that there are no limits to human capabilities. The Basques do not so much take revenge on their enemies for the murdered girls as fulfill their military duty.

He was able to survive, go through the war and stay alive in order to raise Rita Osyanina’s son, so that with his life he could justify himself for the dead girls.

It's not easy to live with such a burden, but he strong man. B. Vasiliev’s merit as a writer lies in the fact that he was able to create the image of the heroic generation of our fathers and grandfathers.