Egyptian Hall of the Museum. Pushkin: sphinxes, scarabs, pyramids. The main building of the Pushkin Museum – II Excursion to the Pushkin Museum Egyptian Hall

Excursions to Moscow museums, including the museum fine arts them. A.S. Pushkin can be held in two formats.

The first format of the excursion is, of course, individual. On such an excursion there are usually from 1 to 5 people present.

The goal of tourists is to get as much useful and useful information as possible as part of a small group. interesting information from communicating with a professional tour guide.

After all, you need to understand that individual tour takes place in dialogue mode.

Each guest can ask any question to the guide or guide-translator, change the focus of the program, shorten or increase the duration of the tour as a whole.

Group excursion to the Pushkin Museum. A.S. Pushkin

The 2nd format of the excursion is an excursion for previously independently formed groups of 1 to 20 tourists.

Group excursions are usually more suitable for adult groups or schoolchildren.

In any case, City Voyage specialists use a completely individual approach to organizing and conducting excursions to the Pushkin Museum.

Cost of excursions and entrance tickets to the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts for Russian citizens

The main building of the Pushkin Museum of Art. Gallery of art from Europe and America of the 19th and 20th centuries. Department of personal collections of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts.

This price is valid when ordering an excursion 3 weeks or more before the planned date of its implementation..

up to 5 people: 7000 rubles.

from 6 to 15 people: 6000 rubles.

This cost is preliminary and is valid when ordering an excursion 2 weeks or less before the planned date of its conduct.

Excursion services, excursion packages and guide services in Russian for adult tourists.

up to 5 people: 8000 rubles.

from 6 to 15 people: 7000 rubles.

Excursion services, excursion packages and guide services in Russian for schoolchildren and students.

Up to 15 children and 2 accompanying persons: 5000 rubles.

Entrance fees to State Museum Fine arts named after Pushkin are paid additionally.

Adults – 400 rubles / 1 ticket. Children under 18 years old – 100 rubles per ticket.

Duration of the excursion: 1.5 hours.

Excursions to the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts for foreigners

Excursions to the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts are conducted for Russian and foreign tourists.

Guides-interpreters can work in almost any language: English, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Hebrew, Greek, Hungarian, Czech, Croatian, Swedish, Norwegian, Polish, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Arabic, Persian and others.

The cost of an excursion to the Pushkin Museum named after A.S. Pushkin for foreign citizens

The information is relevant if you plan to order an excursion 3 weeks or more before its date..

7000 rubles excursion service and excursion voucher for a group of up to 15 people, services of a professional guide-translator for foreign language(all our guides have licenses giving the right to conduct excursions). More than 10 years of experience.

The information is valid when ordering an excursion 2 weeks or less before the planned date of its implementation.

Group: adults or schoolchildren, students up to 15 people.

8000 rubles excursion service and excursion voucher for a group of up to 15 people, services of a professional guide-translator in a foreign language (all our guides have licenses giving the right to conduct excursions). More than 10 years of experience.

Excursion programs in the Main building of the Pushkin Museum in Moscow for groups and individual tourists

The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts hosts thematic and sightseeing excursion programs for adults and children.

Important! Children on excursions are accepted only from 9 years old, 3rd grade of school. School groups at the Pushkin Museum of Art must be accompanied by adults.

Please note that when choosing an excursion topic for children at the Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin needs to be taken very seriously.

Museum Gallery named after. Pushkin is very popular among both Russians and foreigners. Professional guides and translators are always ready to conduct excursions in the Pushkin Museum for foreign citizens in almost any language in the world.

Sightseeing tour of the Museum of Fine Arts

The main story is dedicated to the history of the creation of the art museum, architectural features museum complex, its main exhibits, monuments ancient art and the cultures of the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, Ancient Egypt and the Middle East.

This excursion gives all tourists the opportunity to see and appreciate with their own eyes the works of art of the Art Gallery named after. A.S. Pushkin.

During the excursion program, the guide focuses on the features of the emergence and development of national schools of fine arts, development European painting in general: Holland, Italy, France, Spain of the 17th and 18th centuries.

Particular attention is paid to icon painting, such styles as classicism, rococo, academicism and neoclassicism.

Introductory tour for children with the Pushkin Museum of Art

Excursion for younger schoolchildren.

Professional tour guides will tell you the basics ancient architecture and art, the emergence of sculpture, graphics, painting and its genres.

Excursion program: Art of the Ancient World

The excursion is dedicated to the peculiarities of the development of art and culture Ancient World, countries such as Egypt, Rome, Troy, the Middle East and Greece.

Excursion: The ancient world and its art (Rome and Greece)

The main focus of this excursion is on the origins of the ancient ancient civilizations, the stages of their development, formation and influence on the surrounding world and history as a whole.

An important and interesting thing on this excursion is to consider the features, similarities and differences of the culture and art of the Ancient states of Rome and Greece.

Excursion program: Ancient Egypt, its art and culture

This program is one of the most popular among tourists at the Pushkin Museum of Art.

The excursion examines the stages of development of the art and culture of Ancient Egypt, one of the first Ancient civilizations.

Art Ancient Greece

In the Greek Hall, tourists will be introduced to the cultural and artistic monuments of Ancient Greece, Mycenae and Crete. During the excursion you will be able to see authentic architectural monuments, which corresponded different stages development of culture in Ancient Greece.

Excursion program Ancient Rome. Culture and art

The subject of the excursion in the Roman Hall will be ancient casts characterizing the development of culture in Ancient Rome, a statue of the Capitoline She-wolf, portraits of Roman emperors.

Based on the study of art monuments Ancient Rome tourists will be able to get acquainted with the features of Roman decorative arts and architecture.

Excursion Art of the Middle Ages

The excursion is very dedicated important stage development of society, an era of one thousand years. This era extended between all famous eras Antiquity and Renaissance.

Of course, the excursion reveals the features of medieval art of Byzantium and European countries, especially France, Italy and Germany.

They will tell you in very detail and interestingly about the Romanesque and gothic styles, the influence of church and religion on the culture and art of the Middle Ages.

Renaissance Art Program

Professional guides during this excursion program reveal new artistic techniques, a new worldview that appeared in the art of the Renaissance.

During the first part of the excursion, icons and altar images, paintings will be examined famous masters Renaissance in Italy.

The second part is devoted to a review of casts of the most famous monuments of sculpture in Italy, such masters as Michelangelo, Donatello and others.

Art of Holland and Flanders 17th century

Holland and Flanders existed independently in the 17th century, as two different states. It should be noted that these were two characteristically different schools of art.

During this excursion, our guides will talk about the main features and characteristics of two great art schools.

The works of such masters as Resdahl, Rembrandt, Rubens and others will be considered.

Development of art in Spain and Italy in the 17th and 18th centuries

As part of the excursion program, our specialists will discuss new styles in their stories. artistic arts, which originated in Spain and Italy in the 17th and 18th centuries. These are the styles of Caravaggism, Baroque, Academicism.

In Spain, these trends are represented by the works of Zurbaran, Murillo and others.

The 18th century is characterized by the works of such masters as Canaletto, Guardi, Crespi and others.

Excursion program “Art of France of the 17th century”

During the program, the activities of such masters are discussed French classicism like Claude Lorrain and Nicolas Poussin. Particular attention during the excursion is paid to French Caravaggism and academicism.

Excursion about art in France of the 18th century and the first third of the 19th century

This program is dedicated to the Rococo style, which clearly and fully reflected court culture the ruling court of France, an era when the art of France had great importance and influence on pan-European tastes and styles.

Excursion to the gallery of art from Europe and America of the 19th and 20th centuries

Sightseeing tour of the gallery of art of the 19th-20th centuries.

The program reveals in detail the features of the development of art of the 19th and 20th centuries, focusing on its main directions: academicism, realism, romanticism, abstractionism, post-impressionism, cubism, fauvism and many others.

Expositions and buildings of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts

• The main building of the State Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin,
• Gallery of European and American art of the 19th-20th centuries. Center aesthetic education"Museion"
• Department of personal collections,
• Memorial apartment Svyatoslav Richter,
• Training Art Museum named after I.V. Tsvetaeva.

Time and work schedule of the Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin

The main building of the Pushkin Museum named after. Pushkin. Gallery of art from America and Europe of the 19th–20th centuries.

Tuesday, Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday: from 11.00 to 20.00.

Thursday, Friday: from 11.00 to 21.00.

Closed on Monday.

About the State Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin

Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin is one of the most major museums artistic art in Russia.

The exhibitions of the Pushkin Museum of Art are richly represented by plaster casts of antiquity, casts of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.

The authentic works of great foreign masters of painting, graphics, sculpture and decorative arts amaze the imagination and fill the soul with real awe.

The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts was founded in August 1898, back in the 19th century.

In May 1912, the first viewer was able to visit the museum.

In 1937, the Museum of Fine Arts was named after A.S. Pushkin.

The founder of the Museum of Art named after A.S. Pushkin is Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev, he was also the first director of the museum.

An interesting study was started at the Kurchatov Institute, the same institute that was created by Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov, the father of the Soviet atomic bomb. Explore Egyptian mummies with your own modern technology. The mummies were taken from the museum. This is a joint project Kurchatov Institute and the Pushkin Museum.

Scientists hope to get new information about the distant past. What were people sick with? Ancient Egypt what they were treated with, how they ate. It's better to understand how they lived thousands of years ago. Let's hope the mummies don't come back to life after these high-tech exercises.

TO modern technologies the world gets used to it quite quickly. It no longer surprises anyone that a CT scanner can tell literally everything about a patient.

“Before you is the cocoon of this mummy. And with X-ray tomography you can see the details. You see, the whole picture appears before you. Well, now from here you can do a set of anthropological, medical, forensic, genetic, chemical, physico-chemical studies and so on. That is, a new planet is opening up before you,” says Mikhail Kovalchuk, President of the National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The President of the Kurchatov Institute, Mikhail Kovalchuk, is not exaggerating - hundreds of books have been written about the life of the ancient Egyptians, and in them thousands of versions of the development of civilization, which archaeologists have been arguing about for decades, based on rare finds and scraps of descriptions from thousands of years ago, and now something appears that you can literally touch - and even more. 3D printed skull model Egyptian mummy may, it turns out, tell an incredible amount.

“You can make an impression using a fundamentally new technological approach - once. The second thing, the next step is culture, we have it very well high level- at the Institute of Ethnology, in particular, there was such a Gerasimov, then academician Alekseev, you can now restore the appearance, the face from the skull, this is the basis, for this we are already taking the next step to restore the real appearance of the face,” explains the president of the Scientific Research Center “ Kurchatov Institute", Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Mikhail Kovalchuk.

And this is no longer just a skull. The Pushkin Museum admits that it was not easy to decide on such a project - priceless exhibits rarely leave the museum walls, but here is a large-scale study - how not to worry? But already the first results changed the idea of ​​what had been before our eyes for so many years.

There are still paleogenetic studies ahead, they will tell even more. For the director of the Pushkin Museum, Marina Loshak, cooperation with the Kurchatov Institute was a real revelation - who would have thought what could be achieved by ending the eternal dispute between physicists and lyricists.

“Not every country has the opportunities that the Kurchatov Institute can provide us with the full range of diverse knowledge. This is not only about modern installations and devices, not only about CATE and MRI. But the point is who are the scientists who are engaged in this research with them, thanks to which we can get an idea about the person whom we now actually call the word mummy, about his structural features, about his diseases,” - Director of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts named after A. S. Pushkina Marina Loshak.

Diseases of the ancients are another discovery. Although we are separated by millennia, if you look at it, it’s not that far modern man left the Egyptian pharaohs.

“It opens completely new world, which will help you and I better understand the nature of diseases and what is happening to us. You know, we often talk about the fact that, say, osteochondrosis or periodontal disease is a disease of modern civilization. But, you see, these people whom we now see in the form of mummies, they sometimes have pronounced symptoms of what is called osteochondrosis or periodontal disease, and so on. That is, in fact, there are a lot of interesting things here,” notes Mikhail Kovalchuk.

So much so that it's enough for dozens scientific works, but the project is still approximately halfway through. But it is already obvious: visitors to the Pushkin Museum will soon see a completely different Egyptian hall, and the familiar word “mummy” will perhaps receive a new meaning.

“The main revelation from a person with imagination is the visualization and idea that we are talking about a specific biological being that had its own life, its own context of life within this historical period. He had his own worries, his own life traumas, he lived, he ceased to be just an object of art, or part of an object of art, or not just a museum exhibit. We brought closer to ourselves real life real person“- notes Marina Loshak.

This is what the lyricists got - physicists seem to think globally. For them, working with the Pushkin Museum, a place where artifacts of the past are stored, turned out to be, in a sense, a door to the future.

“Today we are present with you at a paradigm shift in the development of science. Today we have a merging of the humanities and natural sciences. scientific knowledge, which for 300 years divided into two independent branches. It would seem that the Kurchatov Institute, the place where the country’s nuclear shield was created, nuclear submarines, and this spotlight is as bright as it illuminated at one time, drawing the contours of a nuclear breakthrough, in the same way it looks towards culture, art and living life. Because it's kind of frozen, but living life once was,” says President of the National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Mikhail Kovalchuk.

Scientists still have hundreds of analyzes and studies to do. The result joint project The Pushkin Museum and Kurchatov Institute will host an exhibition, it should open in 2019. Visitors here are already promised that there will be something to be surprised by.

The collection of Egyptian originals came to the museum from St. Petersburg academician Vladimir Semenovich Golenishchev. V.S. Golenishchev was a scientist, archaeologist, he traveled to Egypt with an expedition from State Hermitage and acted as a work supervisor. At the same time, he was collecting a collection for himself. The St. Petersburg collection was collected during excavations, so its objects are precisely dated, attributed and tied to a particular tomb. And for himself, V.S. Golenishchev bought items on the “black market”. Therefore they were neither attributed nor dated. Later, scientists determined the age of the monuments and their belonging to a particular tomb based on parallels with other similar artifacts.

In 1909, Golenishchev went bankrupt and was forced to sell his collection. But, despite the favorable offers from different countries, the scientist wanted his collection to remain in Russia, so he sold it to the imperial treasury for a smaller amount. Moreover, the first half of the amount was paid to him immediately, the second was promised to be paid later, but the scientist was never paid, as is usual in Russia.

They decided to send the collection to Moscow because the Hermitage already had a collection of Egyptian art. As a result, the Moscow collection turned out to be even better than the one exhibited in the Hermitage. It is smaller in the number of items, but their quality is much higher. After all, V.S. Golenishchev tried to ensure that every era, every phenomenon in Egyptian culture, were represented by some object. That's why the meeting Egyptian antiquities The Pushkin Museum, although more compact, is better than the Hermitage collection. Currently, this is the best collection of Egyptian art in Russia. And it became the first collection of originals in the museum.

Hall No. 1, where the monuments of Ancient Egypt are now exhibited, was specially rebuilt for the collection of V.S. Golenishchev. His collection ended up in the museum while it was still under construction.

The ceiling is supported by columns in the ancient Egyptian style, imitating bundles of papyrus. The entire architecture of the hall goes back to one of the halls of the ancient Egyptian temple. To imagine the setting of the ancient sanctuary, Roman Ivanovich Klein traveled to Egypt, visited and inspected the temples. In particular, he paid attention to the temple of Amun in Luxor and was primarily guided by it. The windows were curtained because the hall of the Egyptian temple did not allow for natural light. At the top, on the ceiling, there is a repeatedly repeated image of a bird with outstretched wings, this is the image of the sky goddess Nut.


The ceiling is also painted to resemble a starry sky.

One of the halls of the Egyptian temple actually reproduced nature on the banks of the Nile, mountains of royal papyrus.
I.V. Tsvetaev specifically asked R.I. Klein to make the hall in this style so that the visitor would not just look at individual objects, but also be imbued with the atmosphere of Ancient Egypt. In addition, the museum was initially planned as an educational museum and its goal was to give students an idea not only of painting, sculpture and small plastic arts, but also of architecture.

About the collection. The re-exposition in the hall took place several years ago, in 2012. Some monuments ended up in the collections, while others, on the contrary, were put on display. Currently, approximately a third of the existing collection is on display, meaning most of the Egyptian antiquities are in storage.

MONUMENTS
Sarcophagus and mummy of Khor-Kha. It is curious that this mummy cannot be photographed in any way; X-rays are never taken. The mummy “does not want” to reveal its secrets. This is the mummy of the priest Khor-Kha, he died in the 2nd millennium BC.

The mummy is in a horizontal display case to the right of the entrance to the hall

How did the Egyptians embalm a mummy? There are many recipes and they all essentially boil down to the same technology: an incision was made in the side of a dead body. This was done by a specially trained person, who was called a “paraschist” (ripper). The body of a deceased person was considered sacred and therefore, the paraschist, on the one hand, was hired by the relatives of the deceased and paid him money for making an incision on the side. On the other hand, as soon as the paraschist made an incision, he ran away as fast as he could. The people who had hired him were now running after him and throwing stones at him for committing such a sacrilege.

Then, through the incision, the insides were taken out, washed, and placed in special vessels filled with embalming substances. Such vessels are in the museum’s collection; they are located in a vertical display case behind the mummy of Khor-Kha, in the corner, almost opposite the entrance to the hall).


All cavities in the body were also filled with embalming substances. The body was placed in “natron” - a kind of soda. Natron pulled out all the moisture from the body and the process of mummification began. The body was dried up, so it could no longer decay. He was wrapped in linen bandages and placed in a sarcophagus.

The sarcophagus of the priest of Hor-Ha is not the best or most beautiful in the collection. The best is the sarcophagus of Mahu.

Sarcophagus of Mahu.

It follows the shape of the mummy, with the tomb tapering towards the feet. A mask was always placed on the sarcophagus, which was supposed to represent the face of the deceased. It is to designate, not to depict. Because regardless of who was buried - an old man, a girl, a woman, a young or old person - the mask was always the same. The face of the mask was painted with wide open eyes, emphasized with black or dark blue paint.

The Egyptians believed that when the soul reunited with the body, it should enter the sarcophagus through the eyes. For this purpose, the body was preserved and mummified.

The Sarcophagus of Mahu is a brilliant example of ancient Egyptian art. It is made of wood, this material was very highly valued in Ancient Egypt; there was little wood. The black color of the sarcophagus emphasizes the shine of the gilding. The gilding and fine detailing indicate that this is the sarcophagus of a very rich man, made by the best craftsmen.

Undoubtedly, the best Egyptian craftsmen also made wooden statues of Amenhotep and his wife Rannai. These figures, on the one hand, connect the traditions of Egyptian art.

Amenhotep and his wife, the “singer of Amon,” Rannai are priests of the temple of the Sun god.

The Egyptians always depicted people in a frozen pose with wide strides and straight legs. It's not exactly life-like because the knees bend when you walk. Here the legs are straight, the arms are extended along the body and pressed against it. Left hand Rannai is bent at the elbow and also pressed to the body. The rule here is combined with very subtle psychologism. The man's figure is tall and broad-shouldered. He strides confidently, his head held high and open. He is a priest, so he does not wear a wig and his hair does not darken his face, it is brightly lit. He turns his head slightly to the left. He seems to be resisting the rule that the person depicted had to look straight ahead. The figure of his wife is thin, fragile, she minces her feet in her narrow dress, in contrast to the wide step of her husband. Her face is slightly lowered, the shadow of her hair falls on her face. WITH right side the hair was not preserved, but it was there too. A dreamy, mysterious expression appears on the woman’s face. This is exactly how the Egyptians imagined it ideal man And the ideal woman. The man is strong and decisive, the woman is fragile, delicate, mysterious. And this is the beauty of Egyptian art. On the one hand, it has strict rules, on the other hand, within these rules there may be a very subtle and sophisticated psychological characteristic.

In addition to wood, the Egyptians were very fond of ivory, and even more - stone.
Cosmetic spoon. The masterpiece of the museum is a small bone spoon, it is known throughout the world. This is the finest work Ivory. The spoon is intended for cosmetics.

It is a box for storing cosmetics, it can be opened. The box is made in the form of a floating girl with a lotus flower in her hands. In addition to painted and unpainted ivory, beech wood is used here; the girl’s wig is made from this material. Such a thin, elegant thing may have been used in the everyday life of rich people, and perhaps it was ritual. It comes, of course, from the tomb.

A feature of ancient Egyptian culture in the form in which it has come down to us is that objects come not from houses or palaces, but from tombs. This is the best thing that the Egyptians wanted to take with them to the afterlife.

The Middle Kingdom era in Egyptian art is also represented here. The name suggests that this is the middle of the existence of the ancient Egyptian kingdom - the 2nd millennium BC. At this time, special attention in Egyptian art was paid to portrait images.

The sculptures of Amenemhat III are interesting because quite a lot of them have survived.

The pharaoh ruled long enough that he founded the Fayum oasis in Egypt. He was depicted several times, in at different ages, his image can be found in different museums - in Berlin, in the Hermitage. From his portraits one can observe how the pharaoh's appearance changed with age. In the Pushkin Museum, Amenemhet III is presented not as an old man, but also not as a young man. If you look closely, you can see bags under the eyes, heavy, drooping eyelids, wrinkled lips, that is, the pharaoh is far from young. But his head is attached to the body of a young and strong youth, since the pharaoh in Ancient Egypt was considered a god and the personification of Egypt and should always be depicted as strong and young. Therefore, here, on the one hand, there is portrait image, and on the other, the deification of the pharaoh, represented in the body of a young and strong youth, who is no different from the gods.

This is where we can end the conversation about Egyptian art; we saw the masterpieces of the hall. If you have time, you can show relief of the chief of the treasury Isi. ( Relief. Limestone. Mid-3rd millennium BC e.)

There are several relief images of Pharaoh Isi's treasurer. It should be emphasized that when depicting a person, the Egyptians used strict rules. The person’s shoulders are turned to the front, the head has a complex turn. In reality, it is completely impossible to roll the eye the way it is depicted. The person is looking directly at us, that is, the eye is depicted from the front, while the head is turned in profile. Such an image showed that the person depicted was alive, that he was capable of movement.

When the Egyptians depicted a mummy, not a living body, then in compositions dedicated to burial, the mummy was depicted either strictly from the front or strictly in profile. The complex image of Treasurer Ishi emphasized that the person was alive, which is why different points of view were collected. What is considered unrealistic for us, from their point of view was perfect realism, an indication that this is a living person.

May 7th, 2011

I have long been planning to talk about what is perhaps my most favorite Moscow museum - the Pushkin Museum. Pushkin. We'll have to break the post into several parts, it's too big and... interesting museum.

Do not expect to go around the entire State Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin in one visit. It's practically impossible. Is it just running, glancing briefly at the rich exhibits presented on two floors in 30 halls!
Therefore, I suggest you take a quick “run” through the halls of the museum with me right now, and let everyone thoroughly familiarize themselves with it on their own and preferably over several visits!
Just a little about the history of the museum. The groundbreaking ceremony for the Museum took place on August 17, 1898. First visitors to the Museum fine arts named after the emperor Alexandra III accepted at the Moscow Imperial University on May 31, 1912.


As was customary in those glorious years, the museum was built with donations from philanthropists. Most The money was contributed by the great Russian philanthropist Yuri Stepanovich Nechaev-Maltsov.
The creator of the museum, Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev (1847 - 1913) is a Russian scientist-historian, archaeologist, philologist and art historian, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, professor at Moscow University (father of Marina Tsvetaeva).

So, go ahead, on the 1st floor!

Hall 1. ART OF ANCIENT EGYPT. IV-I millennium BC

The richest collection of ancient Egyptian art presented in the exhibition of this hall introduces the stages of development of Egyptian culture, starting from the pre-dynastic period (IV millennium BC) until the time of the New Kingdom (XVII-XII centuries BC). The architecture of the hall reproduces character traits temple architecture of the 2nd millennium BC. The ceiling paintings, made by the artist I.I. Nivinsky in 1912, represent a free variation on the theme of decorative design of mortuary temples and tombs.

Statue of Amenemhet III. Middle Kingdom, XII Dynasty, mid to late 19th century BC.

Sarcophagus of the nobleman Mahu. New Kingdom, XVIII dynasty, XIV century. BC.

Statue of the god Anubis. New Kingdom, II millennium BC.

These “notes” are over 4000 years old!!!

Hall 2. ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS (Mesopotamia, Urartu, Iran, Cyprus, Parthia, India, America)

The exposition of this hall introduces the art of ancient peoples who inhabited Western Asia, the Mediterranean, the Indian Peninsula and Latin America. The decoration of the hall uses motifs from the paintings of the palaces of the Assyrian kings: gate demons “shedu” and reliefs from the royal palaces (casts). In the center of the hall, on a pedestal, there are authentic Urartu vessels, ancient state(current territory of Armenia).

The display cases contain authentic items from ancient civilizations.
Peru. Culture Rekuay. 1st millennium AD Figure of a warrior-priest. Reminds me of our Vanka-Vstanka .

Scythians. 7th-5th century BC Clay tent (possibly a toy).

Four-armed Vishnu with attributes in his hands: club, wheel, conch and lotus.
Sandstone, 9th century. AD Gift from Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India.

Relief depicting a winged spirit in a pose of blessing.
Cast. Original 9th ​​century BC is in British Museum, London.
To work on casts of I.V. Tsvetaev in different years attracted famous Russian scientists and outstanding artists. Plaster casts and galvanocpies were ordered in 1890 - 1911 from famous European workshops.

Hall 3. TREASURES OF TROY

A collection of 259 items from treasures discovered by Heinrich Schliemann during the excavations of Troy in 1871-1890 is stored in the Pushkin Museum. A.S. Pushkin since 1945. The collection was transferred Soviet Union together with other artistic values ​​by decision of the Soviet Control Commission as partial compensation for damage caused by the Nazis.

Hall 4. ART OF THE ANCIENT WORLD (Cyprus, Ancient Greece, Etruria, Ancient Rome)

The collection of antique originals is one of the earliest in the Pushkin Museum's collection. The first ancient Greek vases and terracottas were purchased for the Cabinet of Fine Arts of Moscow University in the 50-60s of the 19th century. Today the collection contains more than ten thousand originals dating back to the period from the 3rd millennium BC. to the 4th century AD More than half of them were found by expeditions of the Pushkin Museum during archaeological excavations.

In four sections of the hall - Cyprus, Ancient Greece, Etruria, Ancient Rome - monuments of the main artistic regions and centers of the ancient Mediterranean are presented.
The central place in the art section of Ancient Rome is occupied by a sarcophagus with Dionysian scenes (c. 210) - one of the most famous monuments Museum collections.

Torso of a naked Dionysus with a sword and a grape vine. First half of the 2nd century, marble.

Hall 5. ART OF THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA REGION

The exhibition is based on materials found by expeditions of the Pushkin Museum. A.S. Pushkin in the south of Russia and Crimea.

Portrait statue of a ruler from Gorgippia. Marble, 80s II century
Found in 1939-1940. in Anapa (ancient Gorgippia).

Hall 6. COPTIC AND HELLENISTIC ART

In the first centuries AD, it began to spread in Egypt christian religion. Christian Egyptians were called Copts.
The hall represents the art and culture of Egypt after the campaigns of Alexander the Great, when Egyptian art absorbs the features of the art of the Greeks (“Hellenes”). Most of the exhibits are related to the funerary cult - sarcophagi, burial shrouds and masks. In the center of the hall there is a display case with Egyptian sarcophagi and mummies of the 6th-1st centuries BC.

Of particular interest is the collection of 16 Fayum portraits, made using the most sophisticated technique of wax paints.
Portrait of a woman, second half of the 2nd century.

Mummy masks, 2nd century.

Hall 7. BYZANTINE ART of the XIV-XVI centuries. ART OF ITALY VIII-XVI centuries

Byzantine painting is represented mainly by monuments of the 14th century. Among the world-class masterpieces is the icon of the “Cathedral of the Twelve Apostles,” which is exceptional in its subtlety of execution.

Collection Italian art- one of the best in the Pushkin Museum collection.

Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio. Portrait of a young man in the image of Saint Sebastian. Late 1490s.

Giulio Pippi. Lady at the toilet. Early 1520s.

Hall 8. ART OF GERMANY AND THE NETHERLANDS XV - XVI centuries

Art Northern Renaissance first presented in separate room. These are six boards by Lucas Cranach the Elder, “The Flagellation of Christ” by the largest Münster master Johann Körbecke, “The Annunciation” by the Master from Hoogstraten, etc.
The Pushkin Museum's collection of German art of the 15th century is the best in Russia in terms of the number and quality of works.
There is also a section on Dutch art.

Hall 9. Flemish Art XVII century.

The Flanders Painting Hall gives a holistic view of the Flemish school. Along with the brightest names such as Rubens, Van Dyck, Jordaens, Snyders, the number of exhibited paintings has increased, primarily due to large-format canvases, in the hall you can now see the works of their students and contemporaries (about two dozen new canvases).

Hall 10. Rembrandt and the masters of his school.

For the first time, six paintings by Rembrandt, as well as works by his students and followers, are shown as an independent section.

Hall 11. Dutch painting XVII century.

Paintings Dutch school The 17th century constitutes one of the most numerous and attractive sections of the Pushkin Museum’s exhibition. In conditions of severe dependence on market competition, Dutch artists focused on one or several genres where they felt most confident. Some preferred to paint pictures on religious and mythological subjects (works by Hendrik Goltzius, Gerrit van Honthorst, Nicholas Berchem), others - landscapes, and still others - genre scenes and still lifes.

Hall 14. GREEK YARD. Art of Ancient Greece. 2nd half of the 5th - beginning of the 4th century BC. Casts.

One of the most beautiful halls of the museum. The complex organization of movement along three floor levels made it possible to convey the free picturesqueness of the ensemble with amazing accuracy Athens Acropolis.

Hall 15. ITALIAN YARD. Art of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Casts.

Italian courtyard built as a reduced repetition courtyard Palazzo Bargelo: corner staircase leading to the second floor, small columns with floral capitals supporting the balcony, light arcade, well in the center. The accuracy of the choice of architectural prototype made it possible to combine samples in the exhibition hall classical art German Middle Ages with works of famous Italian sculptors of the Renaissance.