The magical meaning of numbers in fairy tales. Numbers in Russian folk tales Fairy tales with the number 3 in the title

Numbers, which are called magic numbers, collided with all. In fairy tales, legends, proverbs and sayings, in calendars and on dials, in rituals and cults, we meet the Holy Trinity, three wishes, seven days of the week, seven kids, 12 months.

The number "three" is found in many proverbs and sayings: "in three pines", "in three streams", "with three boxes" and so on.

Numbers in Russian folk tales

For the first time we meet numbers in the earliest childhood, when we read our first fairy tales.

Fairy tale "The Frog Princess"

The king had 3 sons. 3 tasks were given by the king to the brides: bake bread, weave a carpet and look at brides. Frog 3 times turned into a princess. A spell was cast on the princess: 3 years to be a frog.

Fairy tale "3 bears"

Main characters - 3 ... All subjects for 3 (beds, bowls, chairs).

Fairy tale "Khavroshechka"

The hostess had 3 daughters: One eye, Two eyes and Three eyes. 3 Khavroshechka fell asleep once.

Fairy tale "Ilya Muromets"

Horse 3 I fed wheat for a month, after 3 dawn walked his horse on a silk field. In the deep forest there was an oak in 3 girths, 30 heroes and 30 horses. Holy bogatyr slept 300 years. Ilya Muromets lived in Kiev 200 years old.

Having analyzed only a small part of Russian folk tales, one can be sure that the most common numeral is"3".

The number "3" has been considered magic since ancient times. In fairy tales, desires are always fulfilled only the third time.

The number "3" in fairy tales prompts the reader to think about magic, about perfection.

SIVKA-BURKA

“Once upon a time there was an old man, and he had three son. They called the younger one Ivanushka the Fool. "

Each son in turn went out at night to guard the wheat, which the thief was destroying. On third night Ivanushka caught Sivka-burka.

Sivka-burka: "... whistle three just a brave whistle ... I'll be here. "

Three During the day, the brothers and Ivanushka went to the city in a Sivka-burka to see Elena the Beautiful.

Ivanushka, in the first attempt to remove the ring from the hand of Elena the Beautiful, sitting in the tower, on the Sivka-burka, did not jump to the princess three logs.

WITH third attempts Ivanushka took off the ring from the hand of Elena the Beautiful.

"Across three of the day the king called a cry ": that all the people in the kingdom come to him for a feast.

PRINCESS FROG

“In a certain kingdom ... there was a king, and he had three son. The youngest was called Ivan Tsarevich. "

Three brother is fired on an arrow from a bow in search of a bride.

Ivan is looking for his arrow three day.

Played three weddings.

Stylistic device - three homogeneous members: Vasilisa the Wise adorned the loaf with patterns: "on the sides - cities with palaces, gardens and towers, above - flying birds, below - prowling animals ..."

Three times the tsar-father gives the task to his daughters-in-law: bake a loaf, weave a carpet, come to the feast to see which of them dances better. V three stage, respectively, accepts the task.

Vasilisa the Wise's carriage is harnessed three bay horses.

Vasilisa the Wise: "Oh, Ivan Tsarevich ... If you still three I waited a day, I would always be yours. Now goodbye, look for me distant lands, distant seas, in the thirtieth kingdom, in the sunflower state, at Koshchei the Immortal. How three wear a pair of iron boots like three you gnaw iron bread - only then will you find me ... "

Ivan ister on the way three a pair of iron boots, gnawed three iron bread.

The counter old man told Ivan that her father Koshchei had put a spell on Vasilisa the Wise - to be a frog three of the year.

During the journey, Ivan regretted four times and did not kill: a bear, a drake, a hare and a pike.

And they, in turn, helped Ivan get Koshcheev's death: a needle in an egg, an egg in a duck, a duck in a hare, a hare in a casket, a casket on top of an oak, an oak in a dense forest (6 positions).

Let's remember a fairy tale A.S. Pushkin "The Tale of Tsar Saltan":

« Three girls - under the window ... "

Guidon's rescue of the swans from the vulture (initiation with the prospect of a reward)

Swan: "You are the prince, my savior, my mighty deliverer, do not grieve that you will not eat for me three of the day ".

Three the arrival of merchants in the city of Guidon.

Three provocations three testers - "weavers with a cook with in-law Baba Babarikha." Provocations - ascending missions - demanding a miracle from Buyan Island.

Three miracle: a squirrel with golden nuts, thirty three (eleven three!) hero, the Swan Princess. Only the third miracle becomes the final, crowning, key, opening perspective, since it was this miracle that brought Saltan to the island of Guidon, which then gave the whole - everyone turned out to be with everyone, that is, they achieved the Whole.

"The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish"

The old man and the old woman lived together for many years:

“They lived in a dilapidated dugout

Exactly thirty years and three of the year…".

Threeonce the old man threw his net into the sea.

" Once he threw a net into the sea, -

A net came with one slime,

He threw the net another time, -

A seine came with sea grass,

V thirdonce he threw a net, -

A net came with one fish,

With a difficult fish - gold ... "

PETROLEUM KINGDOM

The soldier guards the king's garden three year, in the third year half of the trees in the garden are broken.

A soldier wounded a bird that was destroying trees in the wing, and three pen.

The soldier withstood everything three nights and married the princess.

This sign also exists for children who must understand one little truth for themselves. Do not give up if something does not work out the first time. You should think and try again. No wonder they say that God loves the Trinity. Anyone who tries to "punch through the wall with his head" is not always destined to walk after that with a bandage on his head. This sign is a reference to another - “water and stone wears away”. That is, it did not work out once, which means it will definitely work out the other time. And if not the second, then the third time.

Having analyzed the use of various numbers in Russian folk tales and Pushkin's tales, we can safely say that the choice of numbers in fairy tales is not accidental.

The choice of numerals in fairy tales is based on the popular idea of ​​the meaning of numbers.

Fiction

Entertainment script for children of the preparatory group. Fabulous KVN

Target: expand and consolidate children's knowledge about fairy tales and fairytale heroes
Material for carrying out: Storyteller costume, book of fairy tales, 2 set of fairy-tale puzzles, letters, chest, 3 nuts, lapotok, petal, mitten, pipe, jar of jam, spikelet, bucket
Preliminary work: come up with a team name and a greeting.
Children enter the hall to the music "Fairy Tale, Come", stand in a semicircle.

Leading: Guys, today we will step into the world of a fairy tale - a world of fantasy, ingenuity and resourcefulness, a world of funny and funny games.

The Storyteller appears with a collection of fairy tales.

Storyteller: Greetings to you young talents and experts in fairy tales. Do you like fairy tales? Will you be able to cope with my tasks?

Leading: Dear Funny and Resourceful!
Congratulations on the beginning of the holiday,
We wish you all good luck in the contests,
We are starting our KVN based on fairy tales!
Please take your seats!
Children are divided into 2 teams

Leading: And now we represent our jury, which will strictly and impartially evaluate each competition. (Jury presentation).

So, the teams are ready, the jury is fully armed - it's time to start!
Contest "Greeting" or "Business card".
(homework is given in advance to prepare this competition)

Teams need to introduce themselves (name, motto, wishes of the jury, rivals).
Warm-up competition.
During this competition, teams take turns to complete the name of the fairytale hero:
1. Koschey ... Immortal
2. Elena ... beautiful
3. Vasilisa ... the Wise
4. Sister ... Alyonushka
5. Brother ... Ivanushka
6. Phoenix ... Clear Falcon
7. Tiny ... Havroshechka
8. Serpent ... Gorynych
9. Sivka ... Burka
10. The old man ... Hottabych

The jury announces the results after each competition.

Musical pause "Dance of the Grandma-Hedgehog"

The program continues
Contest "Guess-ka"

During this competition, the teams take turns answering the storyteller's questions:
1.How many brothers-months did the heroine of S. Marshak's fairy tale meet at the New Year's bonfire? (12)
2.How many brothers did Eliza, the heroine of the fairy tale "Wild Swans" by H.H. Andersen, have? (11 brothers)
3. What was the name of doctor Aibolit's sister? (Barbara)
4. Who turned Vasilisa the Wise into a frog? (Koschei the Deathless.)
5. What were the names of the three bears from Leo Tolstoy's fairy tale "Three Bears"? (Mikhail Potapych, Nastasya Petrovna, Mishutka)
6. Which of the three little pigs built the most durable house? (Naf-Naf)
7. What did the queen say while looking in the magic mirror?
("My light, mirror! Tell me
Yes, report the whole truth.
I am the loveliest in the world,
All blush and whiter? ")
8. What boy should have put out the word "eternity"? For this they promised to give him new skates and the whole world. (Kai)
9. Where is the death of Koshchei the Immortal? (Wood, chest, hare, duck, egg, needle.)
10. What was the name of the cat's cow Matroskin? (Murka)
11. How many times did the old man throw a net into the sea? (3)
12. How many robbers did Ali Baba outwit? (40)
13. What was the name of the genie that Volka freed from the bottle? (Hottabych)
14. What are the names of the main characters of E. Uspensky's fairy tale "Holidays in Prostokvashino"? (Uncle Fyodor, cat Matroskin, dog Sharik, postman Pechkin.)

Competition "Fairy portrait". Teams collect 2 pictures from fairy tales from large puzzles - "Cat Leopold", "Little Red Riding Hood", "Three Little Pigs", "Princess Frog"
(The competition measures the speed and cohesion of the team.)

Musical pause Dance "Little Red Riding Hood"

Competition "Numbers in the names of fairy tales".

Teams name fairy tales with numbers in their names. ("Three Bears", "3 Musketeers", "Ali Baba and 40 Robbers", "1000 and One Night", "Three Nuts", "The Wolf and the Seven Kids", "Three Little Pigs", etc.) The team that named the last tale.
Music competition "Guess the melody"
After listening to musical fragments, team members need to name a film or cartoon-fairy tale, the name of a fairy-tale hero.

1. "Little Red Riding Hood"
2. "The Adventures of Pinocchio"
3. "Lion cub and turtle"
4. "The Bremen Town Musicians"
5. "Smile"
6. "Cheburashka"
7. "Song of the Cat Leopold"

Dance warm-up. (At the choice of the music director)

Contest "Reader".

The puppy sleeps on the stove,
The cat on the porch
They dream in a sweet dream
Two sausages on the window.

The puppy runs across the field
The cow drives home
Barks, floods
Going to claw.

Captains competition "Guess the name of the fairy tale". Captains guess and compose the name of the tale from soft puzzles with letters. ("Teremok", "Kolobok"). Captains can choose one assistant from their team.

Competition "Fairy Tale Riddles"

1. For breakfast, he ate only an onion,
But he was never a crybaby.
Learned to write with the nose of a letter
And he planted a blot in a notebook.
Didn't obey Malvin at all
Pope's son Carlo ... (Pinocchio)

2. He heals mice and rats,
Crocodiles, hares, foxes,
Bandages the wounds
African monkey.
And anyone will confirm to us:
This is a doctor ... (Aibolit)

3. Although he was staunch and daring,
But he did not survive the fire.
The youngest son of a tablespoon,
He stood on a strong leg.
Not iron, not glass,
There was a soldier ... (Tin)

4.All girls and boys
They managed to love him.
He is the hero of a funny book,
Behind him is a propeller.
He flies over Stockholm
High, but not to Mars.
And the kid will recognize him.
Who is this? Sly ... (Carlson)

5. "Mirror, tell me, be nice,
Who is the whiter in the world? "
Once my stepmother asked
The one that is more cunning and meaner.
And answered, sparkling,
Mirror, stirring slightly:
"All the most beautiful young
Stepdaughter ... "(Snow White)

6. You know this girl,
She is sung in an old tale.
She worked, lived modestly,
I did not see the clear sun
Around - only dirt and ash.
And the name of the beauty ... (Cinderella)

Musical break "Song about Carlson" by I. Ponomareva

Competition "Chest".

The teams guess "From which fairy tale the subject?" (3 nuts, lapotok, petal, mitten, pipe, jar of jam, spikelet, bucket, etc.)

Fairy tales:
1. Three nuts for Cinderella
2. Lapotok
3. Seven-flowered flower
4. Glove
5. A pipe and a jug
6. Carlson, who lives on the roof
7. Spikelet
8. Frost

Summing up the results of the competition - the word of the jury.
Awarding the teams with certificates and sweet prizes.

Storyteller: Thanks to all the participants, you are really connoisseurs of fairy tales and I was glad to visit you at the fabulous KVN. See you, my friends!

Teamwork of students of 3 "A" class

Our acquaintance with numbers begins in early childhood. We still do not know how to read and count, but we already know "... there were two brothers", "... Mashenka met three bears", "... and the Goat had seven kids." Fairy tales are the favorite literary genre of all children. We decided to re-read the fairy tales we know and find out what numbers "live" in Russian folk tales.

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Our acquaintance with numbers begins in early childhood. We still do not know how to read and count, but we already know "... there were two brothers", "... Mashenka met three bears", "... and the Goat had seven kids." Fairy tales are the favorite literary genre of all children. We decided to re-read the fairy tales we know and find out what numbers "live" in Russian folk tales.

Hypothesis: even literature cannot do without numbers?

Target: find out what numbers live in Russian folk tales.

Research objectives:

• collect information about the symbolism of numbers by analyzing literary sources;
• find examples of the use of numbers in Russian folk tales;
• analyze the frequency of the use of numbers in these works;

Research method - analysis of fairy tales and special literature on the topic.

History of the appearance of numbers

Studying the literature on the topic, we learned that a long time ago, many thousands of years ago, our ancestors lived in small tribes. They wandered through the fields and forests, along the valleys of rivers and streams, looking for food. Sometimes they caught fish, hunted. They dressed in the skins of slain animals. The life of primitive people was not much different from the life of animals. Observing the surrounding nature, on which his life completely depended, our distant ancestor first learned to distinguish individual objects from many different objects. From a pack of wolves - the leader of the pack, from a herd of deer - one deer, from an ear with grains - one grain. At first, they defined this ratio as “one” and “many”.

Frequent observations of sets consisting of a pair of objects (eyes, ears, horns, wings, hands) led a person to the idea of ​​a number. Our distant ancestor, talking about seeing two ducks, compared them with a pair of eyes. And if he saw more of them, then he said: "A lot." Each time, behind the deuce, something unknown, mysterious began. When they counted "one, two, many," then after two there was "everything." Therefore, the number 3, which had to follow the number 2 during the counting, meant "everything." Only gradually did a person learn to distinguish three objects, and then four.

Then the person began to count in fives, tens and twenty (toes were also used!). The counting in tens has also been preserved in our decimal notation. The names of some numbers associated with the first "calculating machine" - fingers and toes, have also survived. For example, the word "five" in Russian comes from the ancient Slavic word "passt" - hand ("wrist"). And in some tribes the number "twenty" was called "the whole man"!

Symbols of numbers

What place did numbers occupy in the fates of Russian people?

We have re-read the following Russian folk tales:

• "Tiny-Khavroshechka"
• "Kuzma Skorobogaty"
• "Morozko"
• "Swan geese"
• "Masha and the Three Bears"
• "Princess Frog"
• "Kolobok"
• "Seven-year-old daughter"
• "Fox, Hare and Rooster"
• "Bubble, straw and bast shoe"
• "The wolf and the seven Young goats"
• "Elena the Wise"
• "Koschei the Deathless"
• "About the lazy and happy"
• "Three sisters"
• "War of the mushrooms"

We found out that numbers in fairy tales are used to mean:

The number of main characters;

The number of tests that heroes must pass;

The number of items involved in the actions;

Magical qualities inherent in objects;

Distances to the kingdom in which fabulous events take place (distant lands, thirtieth kingdom);

The age of the heroes;

Number 1.

The number "one", as a rule, denotes the beginning, something unique, something very small, but at the same time very significant. Its characteristic features are strength, energy, will, activity, initiative.

In general, the use of the number one is not typical for Russian folk tales. This is probably due primarily to the family traditions of the Russian people. The number one in fairy tales most often indicates the choice (one of the few) or the orphanhood of the hero ("alone").

We met the number 1 in fairy tales:

• "Kuzma Skorobogaty" - "Once upon a time Kuzenka lived alone, in a dark forest ...";
• "Little-Khavroshechka" - "... she was left a little orphan ...".

Number 2.

The number 2 often symbolizes pairing, parity, doubling. Embodies something transitory, unstable, divisible. In some sources it is interpreted as "indecisive, passive, subordinate, soft, plastic, feminine." In fairy tales, it is most often found to denote the pairing of heroes, circumstances. This is due to the fact that there are always two opposites in life: good and evil, black and white, light and darkness, warm and cold, wealth and poverty, and many stories of fairy tales are based on opposition.

• "Geese-swans" - "They had a daughter and a little son ...";
• "Frost" - "... the stepmother had a stepdaughter and a daughter";
• “About the Lazy and Radiative” - “The old man and the old woman had two daughters. ... and the people called the older one Radiva, and the younger one called Lazy. "

Number 3.

The number three appears in almost every fairy tale. "Three" is the most common number in fairy tales. Very often you can find in Russian legends and epics three wishes, three attempts, three from a casket, a stone on three roads, three heads of a monster.

In fairy tales, we usually meet: a stone at a crossroads, which offers the hero three paths, three choices, three kingdoms that must be traversed - copper, silver and gold, the father has three sons or three daughters.

• “Three sisters” - “Three married sisters lived in one village”;
• "Bubble, straw and bast shoe" - "Once upon a time there was a bubble, straw and bast shoe";
• "Masha and the Three Bears" - "... she went out to the house where three bears lived."

From the fairy tale “Kroshechka-Khavroshechka”: “And the hostess had three daughters. The older one was called One-Eye, the middle Two-Eye, and the smaller Triglazka. " Three times the hostess directed her three daughters to take turns to keep an eye on who helps Kroshechka-Khavroshechka "spin, weave, and roll into pipes." "And on the third day the old woman sent her third daughter - Triglazka, and she asked the orphan even more work!" Triglazka put Havroshechka to sleep two eyes, and forgot about the third. "Two eyes fell asleep, and the third sees everything: how Khavroshechka climbed into one ear for a cow, and got out into the other and picked up the finished canvases."

From the fairy tale "The Frog Princess": "In the old days, one king had three sons." One of which, as usual, the main character - Ivan Tsarevich or Ivan the Fool, went to the far-off kingdom, in the thirty-tenth state. Where is it? It turns out, close, because 3 x 9 = 27, 27 days - this is just the lunar month - the time of the Moon's revolution around the Earth. Go ahead: 3 x 10 = 30, and this is the period between two new moons.

Here is an indication of where the “Far Faraway Kingdom, the Thirtieth State” is located - at a distance equal to a month's journey.

Here's an example of fabulous mathematics.

Number 4.

The number four is a symbol of maximum stability. The Greeks believed that first of all appeared: earth, water, air and fire. For orientation in space, people used the knowledge of the four cardinal points (north, south, east, west), and the calendar year was divided into four seasons: winter, spring, summer, autumn. The number 4 symbolizes universal stability, order, completeness, reliability, stability and strength. The meaning of the number 4 is associated with the symbolism of the square. Even in prehistoric times, the number 4 was used to denote resilience. Human life is divided into 4 periods: childhood, adolescence, maturity and old age.

• "Kolobok" - 4 characters met Kolobok (hare, wolf, fox, bear)

"I left the hare,

I left the wolf

I left the bear

It's easy to leave you, foxes! ”;

• "A seven-year-old daughter" - 4 riddles the Tsar thought: "- The fourth riddle: what is the nicest thing in the world?"
• "Fox, hare and rooster" - 4 times the animals came to the aid of the hare: "The dogs drove - they did not drive out, the bear drove - did not drive out, the bull drove - did not drive out, and you, the rooster, will not drive it out!"

Number 5.

The number 5 is considered a lucky number. It symbolizes constant search and self-improvement. The five symbolizes order and perfection, represents the five human senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch and taste.

• "War of mushrooms" - The number of mushrooms that the boletus called to the war (whites, mushrooms, volushki, mushrooms, mushrooms): "- Come, mushrooms, to my war!"
• "Kuzma Skorobogaty" - "... he had a thin house, and one cockerel, and five chickens."

Numbers 4 and 5 are rare in Russian folk tales.

Most likely, the creators of fairy tales used them only as simple numerals to indicate quantity, it is no coincidence that these numbers are rarely used not only in fairy tales, but also in proverbs and sayings.

Number 7.

The number, which almost always denotes the positive aspects of people's lives, was considered a symbol of holiness among many peoples. The number 7 consists of two perfect numbers 3 and 4, and therefore 7 is not only a holy number, but also a symbol of reason. In Bible 7 it is a symbol of the union of God and man.

Even in ancient times, 7 was considered a lucky number. A person perceived the world around him (light, smells, sounds, taste) through seven "holes" in his head (two eyes, two ears, two nostrils, a mouth). It is no coincidence that there are seven colors in a rainbow, there are seven wonders of the world, there are 7 days in a week. there are 7 notes in music.

It is interesting to note that our memory is particularly good at retaining only up to seven different impressions or objects. With a greater load, mistakes in memorization increase sharply.

The number seven is found in fairy tales such as:

• "A wolf and seven kids" - "Once upon a time there was a goat in a beautiful house with her seven kids."
• "Seven Simeons" - "... he left seven twin sons, who are nicknamed seven Simeons",
• "Daughter-seven" - "I have a daughter-sem and notch, she taught me ".

Number 12

This number is the highest perfection, so it is considered all over the world. A dozen is made up of the multiplication of two perfect numbers 3 and 4, therefore, it is the height of perfection. In most languages, a dozen means hefty, i.e. strong, healthy.

The symbolism of 12 is used not only to denote the number ("twelve brothers are good fellows"), but also to enhance the mystery, enigma: at exactly 12 o'clock incredible transformations and magic begin, therefore the symbolism of the number 12 is most often used in fairy tales.

• "Elena the Wise" - "Exactly at twelve o'clock the soldier hears that someone is shouting from this tower",
• "Koschey the Immortal" - "... here a heroic horse is chained on twelve chains."

Conclusion

Summing up, we can say that Russian folk tales are riddled with numbers. The presence of numbers is everywhere and almost always acts as sacred and deeply symbolic.

Even numbers - two, four, six, eight - are much less common in oral folk art. It's connected withthe superstitious notion that an even number is associated with death, the number of the "devil."

The number 3 is most often used in Russian folk tales.

Three is:

• a man, with his body, soul, spirit;
• birth, life, death;
• three periods of any entity: beginning, middle and end;
• past, present and future.

The number 3 prompts the reader to think about magic, about perfection. The constant tripling of the motive creates a measured rhythm of the story.

Thus, the choice of numerals in fairy tales is based on the popular idea of ​​the meaning of numbers.

We came to the conclusion that numerals play an important role in a literary text, and their study helps to penetrate the thought laid down by the people, to better understand the history of their people.

Lesson topic:"Fairy tale. Magic number

Goals:

• reveal the magical role of numbers in fairy tales;
• to identify the best connoisseur of fairy tales;
• reveal the best mathematician.

Lesson type: integrated: literature + mathematics, a lesson in a "foreign" class.

Preparatory stage.

DURING THE CLASSES

The class is beautifully and festively decorated with drawings for fairy tales. There are bright colored numbers on the board. At the blackboard there is a desk for Malvina's lessons with Pinocchio.

First option:

Before the lesson, children are given sheets of paper on which they write their last name and first name, and fill out the answers to questions during the lesson: the author of the tale, its name, the number - the answer.

Second option:

Instead of sheets for each correct answer, a postcard is given - a token with the inscription "Winner", which are counted at the end of the lesson.
The lesson is held at the site of the "alien" class, so we recommend that fifth-graders have badges.

Fairy tales, magic thoughts
Magic sounds, magic numbers ...

I. Introductory remarks Fairies Fairy Tales

- Guys! Today we have gathered with you for a very unusual lesson. It will be dedicated to a fairy tale. In literature lessons, we read many fairy tales and learned that magic objects play an important role in fairy tales. Which? Name them (apple, mirror, ring, shoe, etc.)... But in addition to magical objects in fairy tales there are many ... about this is a mystery.

Living in a difficult book
Cunning brothers
Ten of them, but these brothers
They will count everything in the world.

- Who are these brothers? These are numbers.
- Our today's lesson is about the role of magic numbers in fairy tales. And it is unusual because it is not the teachers who will lead it, but the Fairies. Fairy of Tales and Fairy of Numbers (Numbers).

II. Creative tasks(conducted by Fairy Tales)

- In the titles of which fairy tales are numbers found? ("3 oranges", "3 nuts for Cinderella", "3 little pigs", "3 bears", Yu. Olesha "3 fat men", S. Marshak "12 months", Zdenek the Slack "3 bananas, or Peter on a fantastic planet ", V. Kataev" Flower-seven-flower "," The Wolf and the Seven Kids ", A. Pushkin" The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Heroes ", the Brothers Grimm" Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ", G. Andersen" Five out of one pod "," Ali - a woman and forty robbers ".)

- How does the digital beginning of a fairy tale sound? ("In the distant (thirty) kingdom, in the distant (thirty) state ...")

III. Fairy tale quiz

Questions of the Fairy of Fairy Tales are accompanied by illustrations or drawings of students for this fairy tale.

• A.S. Pushkin:
  • How many years did the old man and the old woman live in their dugout "by the very blue sea"? (33)
  • How many times did the fish swim to the old man? (6)
  • How many brothers - heroes - did the princess - the swan - have? (33)
  • How many times did Prince Guidon fly to his father? (3)
  • How many times have overseas guests sailed to the island of Prince Guidon "to the kingdom of the glorious Saltan"? (3)
  • How many times has the wicked queen asked the mirror about her beauty? (5)
• A. Volkov "The Wizard of the Emerald City"
  • How many desires did the Scarecrow have? (3)
  • How many magical lands did Ellie go through? (5)
• J. Rodari "The Adventures of Cipollino"
  • How many brothers and sisters did Cipollino have? (7)
• C. Perrault. Fairy tales.
  • How many years did the sleeping beauty's dream last? (100)
  • How many strikes did the clock strike when Cinderella was at the ball? (12)
• V. Gauf "Dwarf Nose"
  • How many years did Dwarf Nose spend in the service of the old woman? (7)
• G. H. Andersen. Fairy tales.
  • How many down jackets and mattresses did the queen put on a pea? (20 + 20)
  • How many tin soldiers were in the box? (25)
  • How many brothers did Eliza have? (eleven)
  • How many dogs did the soldier see in the dungeon? (3)

IV. Staged excerpts "Entertaining arithmetic"

a) A. Tolstoy. "The Adventures of Pinocchio"

Malvina: We'll do arithmetic. You have two apples in your pocket.
Pinocchio: You're lying, not a single one.
Malvina: I say, suppose you have two apples in your pocket. Someone took one apple from you. How many apples do you have left?
Pinocchio: Two.
Malvina: Think hard.
Pinocchio: Two.
Malvina: Why?
Pinocchio: I won't give nekta an apple, even though he is fighting!

b) V. Gubarev "The Kingdom of Crooked Mirrors"

Topsed: 100 squares with 100 mirrors. How many mirrors will it be?
Olya: 10000.

c) Weak "Three bananas, or Peter on a fairy planet"

Tau solved examples.

Correct Tau's mistakes.

V. Comic questions

Set by the Fairy Numbers.

- What kind of money did Fly - Tsokotukha find in the field? (1 penny, guys can name any coin)
- And now, having solved these examples, you will find out which character we will talk about next.

1) 364 +36;
2) 527 – 27;
3) 100 * 54;
4) 428: 2;
5) 12000: 30;
6) 700 – 40;
7) 20 * 25;
8) 7000: 100;
9) 350 + 420;
10) 430 – 5
11) 60 * 90
12) 15000: 30;
13) 10 * 40.

- Well done boys! Right! This is the Little Humpbacked Horse. Now answer the following question: The Little Humpbacked Horse was 3 inches tall. How tall was he if he was 44 mm tall? (44 mm * 3 = 132 mm = 13 cm 2 mm)

Vi. Cheerful multiplication table from the tale by J. Rodari "How numbers are made up"

The Fairy of Numbers reads, and the children give the answers one by one.

Three times one - Paolina and Martin!
Three times two - delicious halva!
Three times three - wipe your nose quickly!
Three times four - the most delicious chocolate in the world!
Three times five - wrong again!
Three times six - I'm hungry!
Three times seven - I never eat soup!
Three times eight - you are welcome!
Three times nine - the world does not believe in tears!
Three times ten - weigh nothing!

Vii. Many-legged riddle

Read by the Fairy of Figures.

Two legs on three legs
And the fourth is in the teeth.
Suddenly four came running
And with one they ran away.
Two legs jumped,
They grabbed three legs
Shouted to the whole house -
Yes, three by four!
But four screamed
And with one they ran away.

K. Chukovsky

- How many legs and who? (Two for a boy, three for a stool, four for a dog, one for a chicken leg.)

VIII. Creative task: "Funny names of fairy tales"

Conducted by the Fairy of Fairy Tales.

Assignment to the class: remember the correct name of the tale.

IX. Lesson summary

Dramatization (or expressive reading of Fairy Tales) of S. Marshak's poem "About one student and 6 units".
Fairy Fairy Tales asks the final question to the class: "What is the role of magic numbers in fairy tales?"
The Fairy of Numbers and the senior school advisers check the work or count the "Winner" tokens and announce the winner.

All parents want to raise their children smart, capable of science. And early maths can help. However, children are not very fond of this complex science. A fairy tale about numbers will help kids get to know the basics of mathematics.

Math can be learned playfully

It would seem what kind of games and fairy tales you can talk about when it comes to such a serious science as mathematics. However, wise teachers argue that even younger preschoolers can be explained various nuances in this direction if the lesson is made interesting and exciting for kids. Stories where living beings appear, who are given names - numbers and numbers - are perceived by novice mathematicians more effectively than a dry statement of material, facts and laws.

In addition, all children love stories in which fiction is intertwined with reality, where good triumphs over evil. Therefore, a fairy tale about numbers is still useful for kids, and because not only gives mathematical concepts, but also in a traditional allegorical manner reveals to them the essence of human relations.

Fairy tale about and bit units

Modern children enjoy reading fairy tales about numbers and numbers. And there are a lot of them by children's writers. Even the guys themselves write amazing stories in which numbers appear.

For example, one girl came up with an amazing fairy tale about a kingdom ruled by a wise and kind Thousand Queen. She loved her subjects very much, whom she constantly rewarded, multiplying by herself. And the inhabitants of her state from this became more majestic and significant.

But then a disease happened to the queen, which turned her with the help of a terrible virus - "a changeling with a comma" - into 0.001. And now, multiplying her subjects, the queen reduced them a thousand times ... And no one could cure her, except for one very wise doctor. It was he who again inoculated the queen with an inverted virus, which returned her to her previous size. Here is such an amazing fairy tale about numbers.

City Tens

This is a fairy tale about numbers from one to ten. They, like people, lived in their own city, made friends, quarreled, made peace and made mistakes. So, with the words "Once upon a time there were numbers" the mathematical tale begins ...

In a beautiful small town that stretched out on the banks of a forest stream, there were small colorful houses. They were very small, just tiny, no bigger than a matchbox. But to the inhabitants of this city, the houses seemed large enough. And all because the inhabitants of this settlement themselves were tiny, tiny, as tall as a bean.

But, despite the small size of the inhabitants, passions in the town were in full swing. And one of the wise old-timers of the town, whose name was the number Six, decided to write down the most amazing stories in a book and call it "Tales about numbers and numbers."

The first story about numbers called "Who is more important?"

Naturally, the story began with the words "Once upon a time there were numbers." like any other, seemingly lie, but there is an important hint in it, which should become a lesson for good fellows and wise girls.

The numbers lived in harmony, yes. All four inseparable friends were especially fine: Ones, Twos, Threes and Fours. And only once did they have a dispute over who is more important among them. It began with the Four:

Although I love you, my bosom friends, I must tell you one thing. In fact, I am the most important among us. Take a look: the house has four corners, the table has four legs. The same number of paws in dogs and cats, wheels in cars. And that is why you must, from today, address me to "you"!

What nonsense! - the number Three was outraged. - The most important number among us is me! Just look: the number 3 in fairy tales is magical, magical. There are always three sons of kings, tasks must be completed, too, not four, not two, but three. Yes, and all the most important happens on the third day. So you'd better call me Mr. Three.

Well, it depends on how you look at it, - Deuce doubted. - People usually look for a mate to create a full-fledged family. A person also has a pair of hands and feet. Just imagine that people walk on four legs - this is incomprehensible to the mind! And a person has two eyes, and an ear. So let's better address me as "you", so it will be fairer.

So it’s so, but something is still not so, ”Edinichka laughed. And during the competition, for some reason, the winner is awarded first place and a gold medal. And for the second, only silver is put ... I will not speak here about the third and fourth places - it is somehow immodest.

The highest quality people always call first-class. And second-rate or, even more so, third-rate goods will bypass most buyers. And the skill of specialists is most often designated by categories, where the first indicates the highest level.

And if we are concerned with the structure of the human body, then the organs, which people have one at a time, are the most important: heart, liver, brain.

If you think about our main purpose - to participate in mathematical operations, then only I can divide by myself any number without a remainder, and in such a way that it will not even notice it.

You know what? I think we are all equally important! And so there is no need to argue about it. Let's not argue anymore. And let our mathematical fairy tale end with the words “Amicably and according to the numbers”. And new stories will be about interesting events that will take place in the town, where residents do not argue and do not quarrel with each other.

And since then, the One, Two, Three and Four no longer find out which of them is more important.

The second story called "The Tale of the Number 5"

The incident is

Happened here the other day:

Suddenly the Five came running

All covered in dirt, dust, burrs!

“What's the matter with you? Where were you? " -

Seven and Eight were surprised.

“Oh, leave me alone, guys!

Climb where they don't ask

Ugly! I'm tired", -

She said so and fell ...

Six came out of the bushes:

"I'll tell you everything as it is.

This morning number Five

I ran for a walk with the Hare.

Here the hunter runs out,

Shoots as expected.

The Hare falls and Five

In fear, she started to run.

I put the Hare in the basket,

I lifted the load on my back

And I went to my house.

Five, get up! The bunny is alive!

One, two, three, four, five -

Bunny runs again!

New fairy tales, friends,

I will write for all of you! "

Prehistory of the third tale about the Seven-Kocherga

In the town of Tens lived the number Seven. The locals teased her with Kocherga - they had invented such a nickname for her. And this figure, indeed, was very similar to this device in order to stir up coals in a furnace.

As you know, a poker is a thing with a strange character. On the one hand, you can use it to heat the stove and heat the house. A good thing, it seems, necessary. And if you look from the other side, then you can beat with a poker so that it will not seem a little. Often in stories about the life of our ancestors, this cast-iron stick bent with the letter "G" appeared as a weapon of fights and even murders.

So the character of the Seven was also controversial. Yesterday she came up with a week, which includes 7 days, and made the last, seventh, day off. How grateful everyone was to her! And today I was already angry with someone and let’s shout: “Just get caught by me - I’ll lower seven skins off you!”.

And then suddenly she calmed down and drew such a beautiful rainbow in the sky - it's a feast for the eyes! She bent seven multi-colored stripes in an arc, set them with fabulous gates.

Only this is not a story yet, but a saying. The beginning of the tale is waiting for the reader ahead ...

How Seven-Kocherga got a new home

Maybe it was so, or maybe all this is a lie. They only say that the Seven once decided to build a new house for themselves. Yes, not simple, like everyone else, but special, so that it was about seven walls. She thought for a long time how to do it, racked her head. Nothing works! Seven exhausted a pile of paper on the drawings, exhausted a pack of pencils, but the matter did not move one iota.

The number Seven was very upset, right to tears. She locked herself in her old house and does not come out. All the numbers in the city were even worried that something bad might happen. They crowded around the fence that surrounded the dwelling of the number Seven, discussing the situation, thinking about what to do. And suddenly…

They heard that amazing music suddenly flowed out of the open windows. Yes, so wonderful that you can neither say in a fairy tale, nor hear in a dream! Such a gentle and pleasant, such a soulful melody of the Seven has turned out.

And she, it turns out, out of grief that her extraordinary house did not come out, came up with seven notes. And she learned to use them to record melodies overheard by the stream and rustling trees, birds singing and artisans humming to herself. At first, I simply wrote down music on a sheet of music, and then played the flute. So to this day, musicians record their works using these amazing icons.

And the house? His numbers were amicably built for their neighbor the Sevens! New, solid and there were exactly seven walls in it. And the numbers also painted it in seven colors, as if the rainbow itself decided to rest on it. Since then, no one has teased the Seven with Kochergoi any more. After all, she alone managed to create such beautiful things - a rainbow and music. And her name became "Beautiful Seven".

The fourth story, terrible and terrible, about a bloodthirsty dragon named Zero

In a certain kingdom, the Arithmetic State, there were numbers. A mathematical fairy tale would not be a fairy tale, if it did not happen different magic and unexplained miracles. So the Arithmetic State was attacked by a bloodthirsty, evil and ruthless dragon. His name was Zero.

He grabbed everyone indiscriminately, multiplied by himself and destroyed. And all because after this action the numbers themselves turned into Zero. And after each crime, the dragon grew a new head, he became stronger and bloodthirsty. Well, the population in the state was becoming less and less. And then such a terrible event happened - the dragon kidnapped the princess herself! Mourning was declared throughout the state.

Here the numbers began to think and guess how they could defeat the dragon, so that new, kind and funny fairy tales could be composed and told to their children. And they decided to make friends with the dragon, although it was, I must say, difficult.

The numbers were drawn, and it came out that the number 9 should have gone to the dragon princess to help out. ... “Three times three times the sun will rise, three times three times dew will fall on the grass - and a rider on horseback will appear from behind the mountain. Here he will save the princess from the fierce serpent! " - said the royal prophets, performing their strange rites.

And so it happened. It is not for nothing that numbers play an important role in Russian folk tales. That is why here, exactly nine days later, the number Nine, having mounted a horse, drove up to the dragon's lair - to rescue the princess. And in his bosom was a flask of spring water, which, they say, has magical power.

And they met near the ninth mountain - the evil Zero and the selfless number Nine. The dragon burst out laughing, kicked it with its tail, and began to release fire from its mouth. But only Nine did not get confused, jumped up to him and stood in front of the dragon, splashing into his mouth with spring water, magic. And Nine did not forget to smile, openly and friendly. Zero was even confused with amazement ... Before the dragon even had time to multiply its traditional, the numbers 9 and 0 merged in an instant and turned into one whole - the number Ninety.

And then the princess came out of the dungeon, kissed her savior, who became ten times stronger and more majestic, and gave him consent to become his faithful wife. They got on their horse and rode home, happy and contented. This is where the terrible fairy tale about numbers ended. In mathematics, whoever has "excellent" or "good" in the magazine - he understood it. And whoever has weak knowledge in this science - do not blame me, learn the rules and decide examples, you see, next time you will understand everything!

Why did the king have three sons and why does an eyeless child need seven nannies?

Numbers play a huge role not only in real life. In Russian folk tales, three sons, three assignments, three days very often appear. And the dragons or Serpents of the Gorynych, which also appear three times, each time have an increasing number of heads: first three, then five, seven or nine, and in the third, the most difficult, since the monster may even have twelve. Numbers in Russian fairy tales play a purely symbolic role. A child who is not yet familiar with mathematics will not visually imagine exactly the number of heads of the dragon in question. For him, concepts such as the increase in danger each time are important, and the fact that there were a lot of heads.

Is there some kind of algorithm that the numbers in Probably obey. For example, three symbolizes perfection and harmony not only in Russian culture, but throughout the world. Therefore, we remember to this day three heroes. And before his miraculous cure, three elders come to see Ilya Muromets. And a distant place, where the hero of a fairy tale often goes, is located far away from the land, somewhere in the thirty-tenth state.

In the Orthodox religion, there is the Holy Trinity, symbolizing the unity of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. And in the ancient Slavic faith there was a deity with three heads. One head ruled over the heavenly world, the second over the earthly, and the third over the underwater world.

The train of fabulousness and sorcery also extends beyond the number seven. For example, everyone remembers fairy tales in which seven-league boots are found, Snow White gets to the seven dwarfs, just like the Sleeping Beauty to the heroes of the corresponding number.

In proverbs and sayings, the seven is also often found.

• If you measure it seven times, you can cut it off only once.
• Seven with a bipod and one with a spoon.
• Seven miles to heaven.
• Seven don't wait for one.
• Too many cooks spoil the broth.
• Seven in the shops.

And such a glory was fixed for this number, most likely because at one time, even before the emergence of the decimal number system, there was a septenary. That is, two-digit numbers began not after ten, but after seven.

The same goes for the number five. After all, there was a time when it was fivefold and even eightfold. The only mystery left is why the number eight did not leave its mark on oral folk art.

But the nine, even in the modern world, is often distinguished by people who are carried away by the meanings of numbers and their influence on fate. This happens because this number, as it were, represents the beginning and end of a person's life experience. It carries the last earthly lesson of humanity - forgiveness.

However, the number two is also found in sayings and proverbs, which is not included in the category of "magic". Rather, it is a reflection of the position of dialectical materialism, which reflects the unity and struggle of opposites.

• Two bears cannot get along in one den.
• Two boots - a pair, but both on the left foot.
• Chasing two hares - not catching a single one.

And in a modern fairy tale, the lazy Vovka is "helped" by two from the casket. And often stories tell about two daughters, where one is kind and hard-working, and the other is angry and lazy.

There are modern catchphrases with a variety of numbers, for example: "As simple as two and two", "Twenty-five again!", "It's better to see with your own eyes once than hear a hundred times."

Numerology

Do you think that there are only magic numbers in fairy tales? Not at all! People have long been interested in the impact of numbers and numbers on human destinies. And on this basis, numerology arose - either a science, or a belief in the mystical power of numbers. But, be that as it may, and very many people no, no, and they turn their attention to the fact that the numbers of a bus ticket or the numbers of oncoming vehicles seem to have the gift of prediction. Perhaps this is just a coincidence. But who knows…

Even the most inveterate cynics with great displeasure check into hotel rooms under the number 13 or 666. But almost everyone simply adores the seventh, third, fifth and ninth. Already such fame was entrenched for them among the people - some are considered kind, magical, while others - bringing misfortune, even devilish.

Today you can find whole scientific works in which, according to the scheme, it is possible to calculate your "number" by date of birth and read about yourself on the page dedicated to this figure. The compilers of these works associate both the character of a person, and his capabilities, and his future precisely with this "main" number. And as far as they are right, everyone decides for himself.