Polyester rolls up. Polyester - what kind of fabric, characteristics of the material, how convenient is recycling.

The modern choice of fabric amazes many. It seems that in stores you can choose absolutely any type of fabric in terms of properties and structure. But is it always possible to choose the right desired material, and do we always get what we expected? Unfortunately, very often the answers to these questions are negative.

In order to make fewer mistakes when choosing a fabric for sewing clothes, I will introduce you to such a material as polyester, which people did not hear about a few years ago, and which is now very popular.

Fabric Properties

Polyester is special kind synthetic fabric made from polyester fibres. By appearance is he resembles wool, and according to the characteristics similar to cotton. Fabric made from 100% polyester:

• very strong and wear-resistant;
• light, retains its shape well;
• wrinkle a little;
• resistant to heat and light;
• easily erased;
• does not need special care.

Moreover, this material dries quickly after washing and produces a cooling effect. A feature of polyester is its ability to fix the shape when heated. This advantage is widely used by designers when creating folds, decorating curtains and curtains.

This fabric is often used for sewing tracksuits. But don't use it for sewing. summer clothes by virtue of her insufficient breathability. If you still decide to choose an outfit from this material, then choose products with cuts and a neckline, more open, which will let the air through well. In addition, underwear, curtains, curtains, curtains, coats, raincoats, jackets, women's stockings are made from polyester.

Polyester tolerates UV exposure very well, is prevented from damage by moths and other pests, stain resistant. Products made of such fabric will serve you for a very long time and will not lose their brightness and presentable appearance. Polyester elements are added to many types of clothing because it has a good antistatic effect.

History of appearance

Basic research on polyester was carried out as early as the 1930s, and the first publications appeared in 1946. But despite this, in its production began to be used only in the 60s in various packaging products. These included molding materials, fabrics for packaging bags and containers, adhesive tape.

After the introduction of polyester in the US, it was shown to the public as a miracle product. It was said that it was possible to sew unique clothes from it, which were perfectly worn for two months without washing and ironing, and at the same time retained a very good appearance.

Polyester was introduced to the USSR in 1949. After that, it began to be widely used in many industries. When creating a web of fabric, other natural and synthetic fibers can be added.

Production features

Polyester made from synthetic polyester fibers, which are obtained as a result of processing oil. The production process goes through several stages:

1. Initially, the initial substances are erected from oil and gas (hydrocarbon).
2. Then the polystyrene is isolated.
3. Through several chemical procedures polyester is made from polystyrene.
4. Fibers are made from the resulting material. The formation of polyester fibers occurs by melting the polymer and its air cooling. After that, the fibers are stretched until they reach the required strength and density.
5. By weaving warp and transverse threads (fibers) are produced by the canvas fabric.

Features of the production technology may be different. Depending on this in polyester fibers of viscose, wool can be added and other fabrics. Therefore, this material can be thinner or denser, smooth, with a glossy or matte surface.

How polyester is made. In English. language.

Subtleties of care

Polyester is not whimsical in care, but still there are a few rules that should be followed:

• Before washing, read the inner label of the product and take into account all the features and recommendations manufacturer.
• Mainly polyester suitable for machine streak, but sometimes the label may indicate the possibility of only hand cutting. To clean it, make a solution of warm water and washing powder.
• Don't make the water too hot. Polyester fibers can deform when exposed to high temperatures. The optimal temperature for washing is 40 C.
• Polyester items cannot be bleached.
• When washing in washing machine use gentle (delicate) mode.
• Do not iron such products with too hot an iron. In general, such things generally do not require ironing. After washing, they can be well straightened and left to dry on a coat hanger, then the product will not be wrinkled at all.

Polyester is a durable fabric, which shows itself very well during operation. Despite its unnatural origin, it is very pleasant to the touch and in appearance. Modern technologies production have led to the fact that such fabrics are completely safe, and they can be used in sewing many models of clothing. When choosing a fabric for yourself, consider its properties and select the most suitable one.

Polyester: what kind of material (description with photo) and what are its main characteristics and properties? We will consider these and other questions in a little more detail in our article.
The material is made from polyester fibres. Artificial polyester is a molten substance polyethylene terephthalate, which is obtained by refining oil. It can be in the form of a film, plastic or fibers. From fibers and make matter. To the question whether it is natural or not, there is only one answer: "Polyester is a 100% man-made material." Its first samples appeared in the 30s of the 20th century. And mass production began only in the 60s. Nowadays it is experiencing the peak of popularity.

If you look at the photo of the polyester material, you can see that it resembles wool in appearance. And it is soft to the touch, pleasant in tactile sensations and very light in weight. Non-woven polyester, if you also consider it in the photo, visually looks like a soft and warm snowdrift. It is used as a filler for the manufacture of furniture, pillows, blankets, soft toys. You can read about all the materials in our separate section.

Depending on the production technology, fibers can be added to the composition of the fabric, etc., due to this, different types of material (one-sided and two-sided) are obtained, from which a variety of garments are made.

Polyester Properties

The pros and cons of polyester fabric can be observed from its properties:

• Strength,
• wear resistance,
• high dimensional stability
• does not wrinkle
• resistance to light and elevated temperature (melting point is 250 degrees),
• ease of hygienic processing (washing),
• pollution resistance.

All this can be attributed to positive qualities. And what are her downsides?

Disadvantages of polyester fabric:

• poor breathability,
• accumulation of static electricity.

As you can see, the pros and cons of the fabric speak of its practicality.

By the way, in case of damage, polyester fabric can be glued, the question is: how to glue it and how? It turns out that there are special strips (“cobwebs”) that need to be laid together with a piece of patch under the hole to be removed, and then ironed on the “” mode.

What is polyester in clothes

This material has a significant demand for tailoring. It is used in the manufacture of both underwear and outerwear. A logical question arises: “Does polyester fabric breathe and is harmful or not”? Due to the low breathability, 100% polyester fabric is not used for the production of summer clothes. And the material is waterproof, which allows you to sew polyester outerwear to protect against the weather. All materials can be found in a specific section on the site.

Does polyester fabric stretch or not? The answer to this question depends on what percentage of polyester fibers are contained in a particular material: the higher the percentage, the more the clothes can stretch. But do not forget that it then again takes its former form. How to stretch polyester fabric so that it retains its increased size? It is almost impossible to do this. After stretching, the product returns to its original shape.

Caring for clothes made of polyester fabric is very simple: wash at 40 degrees and do not iron. But you can read more detailed recommendations on our website in the article "".

Material production:

Increasingly, when buying clothes, curtains, bedding, you can see polyester in the composition of the fabric.

This material today is gaining well-deserved popularity due to its properties and ease of care.

The second name of this material is polyester, it is made synthetically from polyester fibers obtained from polystyrene - products of oil and hydrocarbon processing.

Today, among all synthetic fabrics, it occupies the first place. World textile production in 50% relies on the properties of this particular fabric.

Products made of 100% polyester in their appearance can be thin, like a veil or chiffon, or durable, like a raincoat fabric. Sometimes they feel like wool or cotton to the touch. This diversity is explained by the structure of the fiber, the peculiarities of its processing, and the weaving of the fabric.

Both men's and women's products are made of polyester, less often - for children. They also sew covers and capes for furniture, curtains, carpets and much more.

History and production

The first experience of polyester production abroad dates back to the 30s of the last century. It appeared in Russia in 1949, and became widespread in the 60s in the production of packaging materials and adhesive tapes.

There are several main stages in the production of polyester:

1. preparation of the main raw materials - hydrocarbons and oil;
2. processing of raw materials with subsequent isolation of polystyrene;
3. production of liquid polyester from polystyrene;
4. chemical purification of the resulting mass;
5. formation of polyester fibers;
6. giving the fibers the required qualities;
7. canvas production.

To improve the properties of polyester or to produce high quality new material during the production process, polyester is combined with other fibers of both natural and artificial origin.

With strict observance of GOSTs in the technological process, the resulting material should not have a chemical smell or leave stains and traces of paint on the body.

The composition and characteristics of fabrics with polyester

• In combination with polyamide, a light, elastic material resembling silk is obtained. Differs in elasticity, wear resistance, well holds a form and color. The disadvantages include the low heat resistance of the fabric and its low hygroscopicity.
• The combination of polyester and elastane gives a material that stretches well and, at a low density, has good strength and breathability. However, things made of such fabric are sensitive to direct sun rays and may burn out. Most often, socks, stockings, gloves and other tight-fitting things are made.
• When cotton is added to polyester, the perfect fabric for bed linen And knitwear. The material is hygroscopic, sun-resistant, dries quickly and does not wrinkle.
• Polyester significantly improves the quality of viscose, making it more durable and resistant to color fading. In the ratio of 30% viscose and 70% polyester - perfect option for sewing home and work clothes.

Polyester Density Unit

Den is an indicator of the linear density of threads in a fabric, the ratio between mass and length. 1d is 1 gram of thread per 9 kilometers. The higher the number, the greater the density.

• 300d- enough dense fabric, which is widely used in the manufacture of sports and tourist equipment, clothing and accessories, threads, yarn.
• 500d – dense material from which equipment is made for various kinds sports. It is also used to make awnings for trucks, tents, backpacks and bags.
• 600d- characterized by resistance to external aggressive environment. It has low electrical conductivity and repels water well. The scope of the fabric is the same, but the products are obtained a class higher.
• 900d- such a density of the fabric does not pass not only water, but also ultraviolet rays. High quality equipment and workwear suitable for extreme conditions are sewn from it. By combining polyester with nylon, incredible strength and elasticity are achieved.

Types of 100% polyester fabrics

• Jordan- fabric with the addition of polyurethane. It has a smooth iridescent surface of high wear resistance. It is waterproof and windproof.
• Duspo– dense fabric with polyurethane impregnation. Able to repel water and dirt, protects from wind.
• Prince- matte silky fabric with waterproof impregnation and windproof properties.
• Bonding– dense, breathable fabric that protects against cold. It gives comfort and warmth in winter, so children's outerwear is sewn from it.
• Trilobal- has a beautiful mother-of-pearl sheen, and therefore clothes are sewn from it mainly for children and women.
• File- a fairly dense material with a good aesthetic appearance. The fabric is waterproof and windproof, dries quickly, keeps its shape and looks.
• Taffet- Resistant to moisture and impact chemical substances. The material is in demand in the production of equipment for tourists and rescuers.
• memory- the fabric remembers the previous impact on it - wrinkling or smoothing.

Advantages of polyester

The percentage of polyester in the canvas in relation to other materials may be different. However, even with a small content of its properties, it gives products a special value:

• the material does not wrinkle and does not require enhanced ironing;
• easy to wash and dries quickly;
• does not stretch and does not fade;
• products are light, strong and elastic;
• wear-resistant and durable;
• do not attract moths and other insects;
• have a low cost;
• do not absorb odors
• pleasing to the eye and touch.

Disadvantages of polyester

• due to the high density of things from this material uncomfortable to wear in the hot season;
• since polyester is synthetic, it accumulates static electricity that attracts dust and small debris; it is recommended to treat with antistatic;
• things are harsh, which can cause discomfort when worn;
• in case of violation technological process fabric produced can cause allergies.

Areas of use

Polyester, synthetic fiber found wide application in the textile industry. Everything is sewn from it, from underwear to outerwear, overalls and uniforms, lining fabrics, bedding and covers for furniture and cars, school bags, backpacks, umbrellas, soft toys.

It can also act as a heater (synthetic winterizer, holofiber).

As before, 100% polyester is used to produce packaging materials, strapping tapes, towing ropes, which are able to withstand enormous loads, only slightly inferior to their metal counterparts. At the same time, the cost of such products is much lower.

Product Care Rules

• it is necessary to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for the care of the product indicated on the product label;
• the recommended temperature for washing is not higher than 40 ° C so that the product does not lose its shape;
• when machine washing, only a delicate mode with low spin speeds is selected;
• it is strictly forbidden to use bleach, as it can ruin the structure of the fabric;
• to reduce the electrification of things, you can add fabric softener when washing, or use a special antistatic agent;
• if necessary, the product is ironed from the wrong side through the iron, setting the temperature of the iron to a minimum.

Reviews

According to general assessment, products containing polyester are lightweight and comfortable. Such things are beautiful and much more practical than with a 100% natural composition.

It is noticed that after many washes the item retains its color and shape. Easy to remove stubborn stains and dries quickly.

There are many questions regarding the correct ironing of polyester products, which are solved by studying the basic rules for caring for things, as well as by purchasing a ceramic nozzle on the sole of an iron or gauze (according to the grandmother's method).

Photo gallery

Polyester

Polyester is in the composition of almost any clothing, but not everyone knows what kind of material it is. This name hides a synthetic fabric made from polyester fibers, resembling wool in appearance, and cotton in characteristics. Women's tights, jackets, raincoats, coats, underwear and even curtains and drapes are sewn from polyester. A few years ago, no one heard of such a fabric, but now it is very popular.

Description and characteristics of polyester fabric

Polyester feels like cotton to the touch. This synthetic fiber is capable of retaining its properties when heated to 40 degrees, therefore it is recommended to wash it in water not higher than this temperature. The fabric is characterized by a "cooling" effect, resistance to direct sunlight, which makes it indispensable in sunny weather.

Polyester fabricate different types: shiny or matte, depending on its further purpose. This synthetic fabric is able to perfectly imitate the texture of natural fiber, therefore it is widely used when sewing pleated skirts, trouser suits and another fashion clothes. It has the following characteristics:

• No shrinkage, stretching.
• Doesn't wrinkle.
• Dries quickly after washing.

Fabric structure

Polyester is obtained from polyamide - a plastic made on the basis of high-molecular synthetic compounds obtained after the processing of petroleum products. As a result of certain chemical processes polyamide is processed into polyester fibers, which are stretched to the desired strength and density. The first synthetic material was created at the end of the 19th century, and polyester began to be mass-produced only in the 50s of the last century. Due to its unique composition, it is now in great demand among consumers.

synthetic fabric polyester is the best price / quality ratio. The composition of clothing or lining fabric, in addition to polyester, usually contains other materials: acrylic, viscose, lycra, elastane, cotton, linen or wool. For curtains and home textiles, the manufacturer adds poplin or bamboo with elastane to polyester fabric, so that in addition to wear resistance, the product acquires softness, shine, and a flowing effect.

Properties and advantages

The advantages of synthetic matter also include the possibility of any design and design. In winter things made of polyester, it is very comfortable. Due to the density, the fabric provides the body with an optimal temperature even in severe frosts. See in the video below what light and stylish jackets can be sewn with it.

Pros and cons of polyester clothing

Advantages of polyester fabric:

• durable, strong;
• fade resistant;
• easy to care for;
• hydrophobic (does not absorb moisture);
• resistant to the appearance of pellets;
• dense, heat-resistant.

Disadvantages of polyester:

• does not pass air well;
• easily electrified;
• has increased rigidity;
• the ink does not penetrate into the fiber core.

Answers to frequently asked questions

Our modern world can no longer do without synthetic fabrics. We see them everywhere, from clothes to building materials. Formerly dominated by natural fabrics with which everything was clear. If the owner does not cherish and cherish the thing, then the hour will not be long when it will have to be thrown into the trash, as it requires special care. Now, with the entry into the synthetic market, the owners of things have a lot of questions: is polyester fabric good, and how to care for it.

Polyester - stretch or not?

The type of polyester fabric used for tailoring has high functionality, durability and wear resistance. In terms of hygienic properties, such synthetics are second only to natural materials: wool, linen, cotton, far superior to nylon and kapron. Polyester stretches perfectly, which allows you to sew from it not only high-quality outerwear, but also sports, office and children's things. Dresses, which contain polyester, retain their original shape for a long time.

Polyester fabric - breathes or not?

When a fabric is said to “breathe”, it means that it freely lets air through. As for synthetic polyester, its breathability depends on what fabrics it is combined with. IN pure form synthetics are very poorly breathable, so in hot weather it is not recommended to wear 100% synthetic things. But if natural fabrics are present in the composition: cotton, linen, wool, then the thing acquires excellent breathability, and in terms of strength it surpasses clothes, which include only natural fibers.

How to remove stains from polyester fabric

Clothes containing polyester rarely cause trouble, but sometimes they get greasy stains. To remove them from polyester fabric, you will need dish soap, laundry detergent and warm water. Use this guide:

1. Wet the oily area with warm water.
2. Apply dishwashing detergent that works well in the fight against grease.
3. Rub the product thoroughly into the grease stain.
4. Leave it on for a few minutes to soak in, but don't let it dry out.
5. Wash the product using washing powder.
6. Repeat if necessary.

Photo: what polyester fabric looks like

In its purest form, synthetic polyester looks like pure white wool, perfectly imitating natural fibers. After adding to the composition of other fibers, the fabric takes on the appearance and properties of the added materials. Polyester is fluffy or smooth, shiny or matte, different sizes and weaves of fibers. In the photo below, you can see how different polyester materials look.

Having met the inscription "polyester" on the tag, many buyers become confused, thinking about the properties of the fabric. This article has everything you would like to know about polyester: advantages, disadvantages and more. useful information.

Is it easy to find a connection between a famous brand tracksuit, an ordinary plastic bottle and an X-ray film? With a completely different purpose of these products, it is quite possible to find the relationship between them. The basis of the products listed above is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a thermoplastic, first synthesized in the United States in the middle of the 20th century.

The scope of PET is quite wide, but four basic groups can be distinguished, which are the starting point for the production of a wide range of products. These are finished products, films, plastic blanks and polyester fiber. From blanks, plastic containers and bottles are obtained, and from polyester fiber polyester is made - a synthetic material widely used in the clothing industry.

Polyester Benefits

Polyester fabric was highly appreciated by society immediately after its appearance and does not give up its positions to this day.

• Due to the peculiarities of the material, the manufactured products have high strength, durability and retain color.
• Polyester clothes do not wrinkle, are easy to wash by hand or in a typewriter at low water temperatures, and dry quickly.
• Fabrics are not afraid of moths and other pests.
• It is resistant to.
• Products do not lose their shape when used correctly.

Scope and properties

Almost every person has a thing made of polyester or incorporating polyester fiber.

In the production process, the material is mixed with cotton, viscose, woolen or linen fiber and a fabric is obtained for sewing various products - from beautiful underwear to reliable and warm sleeping bags suitable for use in frosty extreme conditions.

Polyester is indispensable in hiking and expeditions: the fabric is resistant to moisture and can dry in the wind. Active people, choosing between down and polyester, prefer the second option precisely for these qualities, because a wet down sleeping bag or overalls can bring many problems to its owner in places far from civilization.

The fabric has excellent thermal insulation properties, so it is often used in the production of casual outerwear and tracksuits. Synthetics are practically windproof, which is a plus in cold and windy weather. It's warm enough.

The use of polyester is not limited to outerwear. Polyester fiber is also present in the material of skirts, shirts, lingerie, stockings and other wardrobe items, in the manufacture of which special attention is paid to the beauty and durability of products.
The tissue is capable of receiving desired shape during heat treatment, which is why clothing and interior designers love it so much when creating pleats on skirts or when working on original curtain decor.

Not only woven fabric is produced from polyester fiber, but also many other materials: sewing threads, synthetic winterizer, etc.

Material disadvantages

Like all synthetic materials, polyester has several disadvantages.

• Weak breathability, which is noticeable in hot weather summer period.
• Certain hardness.
• static effect.

Material recycling

It is worth considering separately another feature of polyethylene terephthalate - this is the possibility of processing waste of this material, as a result of which the manufacturer receives recycled polyester. The technical process of recycling is quite simple.

• Before plastic waste is processed, everything superfluous is removed from them - caps, handles and rings from bottle necks, labels.
• Then the cleaned containers are divided by color.
• After that, the plastic is pressed on special equipment, crushed and processed in a steam boiler.
• The result of all actions will be the production of a secondary granule (flex) - a material that will become the basis for new products.

Many people will be interested to know that famous houses haute couture use recycled polyester in their clothing collections in an environmentally friendly way.

Adidas and Nike have also embraced the use of recycled material with a dedicated line of eco-friendly apparel made from recycled polyester.

The motives of these large companies understandable and worthy of respect: the production of fabric obtained from plastic waste reduces energy costs by almost a third (compared to the cost of manufacturing virgin polyester fiber). The material uses millions of plastic bottles that could lie in landfills for decades.

When choosing a soft drink in the store, do not neglect the plastic bottle: it is quite possible that you have future element collections of famous designer.