And Konstantin Savitsky. Savitsky painted bears, but the collector Pavel Tretyakov erased his signature, so Shishkin alone is often listed as the author of the painting.

The painting is popular due to the compositional inclusion of elements of animalistic plotting into the landscape canvas. The picture conveys in detail the state of nature seen by the artist on the island of Gorodomlya. It is not a dense dense forest that is shown, but sunlight breaking through the columns of tall trees. You can feel the depth of the ravines, the power of centuries-old trees, the sunlight, as it were, timidly looks into this dense forest. The frolicking bear cubs feel the approach of morning.

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History

The idea for the painting was suggested to Shishkin by Savitsky, who later acted as a co-author and depicted the figures of cubs. These bears, with some differences in posture and number (at first there were two of them), appear in preparatory drawings and sketches. The animals turned out so well for Savitsky that he even signed the painting together with Shishkin. Savitsky himself told his relatives: "The picture was sold for 4 thousand, and I am a participant in the 4th share."

Having purchased the painting, Tretyakov took off Savitsky's signature, leaving the authorship to Shishkin, because in the painting, Tretyakov said, "starting from conception and ending with execution, everything speaks of the manner of painting, of creative method, characteristic of Shishkin".

Reviews from critics

In the inventory of the gallery, initially (during the lifetime of the artists Shishkin and Savitsky), the painting was listed under the name "Bear Family in the Forest" (and without indicating Savitsky's surname).

Russian prose writer and publicist V. M. Mikheev wrote the following words in 1894:

Take a look into this gray fog of the forest distance, into “The Bear Family in the Forest” ... and you will understand what a connoisseur of the forest, what a strong objective artist you are dealing with. And if something in his paintings interferes with the integrity of your impression, then it’s not the detail of the forest, but, for example, the figures of bears, the interpretation of which leaves much to be desired and spoils a lot big picture where the artist placed them. Obviously, the master - specialist of the forest is far from being so strong in depicting animals.

"Three Bears"

In the days of the USSR, the confectionery factory "Red October" produced sweets "Mishka clumsy", while the picture on the wrapper in in general terms was taken from the painting "Morning in a Pine Forest". At the same time, Krasny Oktyabr produced Three Bears chocolate, although there were four bears on the label. Sweets were popular and received the unofficial name "Three Bears" among the people, then the painting itself began to be called that.

In culture

• In the famous New Year's film "Carnival Night" directed by Eldar Ryazanov, the protagonist of the film Ogurtsov mentions a certain painting "Bears on Vacation" (possibly a reference to this picture).
• In the series "On a halt" of the animated series "

Perhaps the most famous picture outstanding Russian landscape painter I. I. Shishkin - "Morning in a pine forest". The picture was painted in 1889.

It is believed that the idea of ​​the painting was prompted by Shishkin famous artist Savitsky K.A. By the hand of this particular artist, by the way, a she-bear and playing cubs were painted. However, Tretyakov, who purchased the canvas, decided to assign the authorship of Shishkin to it, since he believed that the main work was done by him.

Perhaps it was the entertaining plot of the picture that contributed to its popularity, however real value the canvas is determined by the accurately conveyed state of nature. Before us is not just a pine forest, but a dense thicket that begins to wake up in the early morning. The sun is just rising. Its bold rays have already gilded the tops of huge trees and penetrated deep into the thicket, but the damp fog has not yet dissipated over the deep ravine.

The inhabitants of the thicket woke up - three bear cubs and a bear. It looks like the kids are full and happy. They are carelessly and clumsily fiddling on the broken trunk of a fallen pine tree, and the she-bear is attentively watching their game, sensitively reacting to the rustles of the awakening forest. The mighty pine tree, which was once uprooted by a hurricane, and the bear family frolicking on it - all this gives us a feeling of the deafness and remoteness of this corner of the wild.

The painting "Morning in a Pine Forest" shows how skillfully Shishkin solves the problem of the interaction of color and light in painting. The color of the background of the canvas is transparent, indefinite, and the color of the front is deep, colorful, well developed. The painting, which is deservedly considered a model of landscape for many generations, fully conveys the artist's admiration for the beauty and richness of pristine nature.

In addition to the description of the painting by I. I. Shishkin “Morning in a Pine Forest”, our website contains many other descriptions of paintings by various artists, which can be used both in preparation for writing an essay on a painting, and simply for a more complete acquaintance with the work of famous masters of the past.

It is difficult to find someone who has not seen a painting by Ivan Shishkin at least once. "Morning in a pine forest", whether it be a reproduction on the wall or an illustration in school textbook. But most of us know her from the candy wrapper "Clumsy Bear". How it happened that bears appeared in the landscape painter's painting, and the recognized masterpiece began to be associated with sweets - further in the review.

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin was considered an eminently master when it was necessary to write out every leaf, every blade of grass, but he did not argue with the image of people or animals. That is why on famous painting“Morning in a pine forest” the bear family was painted by another artist - Konstantin Savitsky.

The picture was signed by both artists, but when it was taken to the customer, Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov, he erased Savitsky's name with turpentine, saying that he ordered the canvas from only one painter.

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin received 4,000 rubles for the painting. He gave one thousand to Savitsky. Konstantin Apollonovich was indignant that the fee was not divided in half, and in his hearts he even declared that his bears occupy a central place in the picture, and the forest is only a background. These words offended Shishkin very much. The artists no longer painted joint paintings.

Approximately at the same period when the canvas “Morning in a Pine Forest” was presented to the general public, a new kind of sweets was made at the confectionery factory of the Einem Partnership: chocolate-covered wafer plates with a layer of almond praline. There was a need to create wrappers for sweets, and then the eye of the owner of the enterprise, Julius Gates, accidentally fell on a reproduction of Shishkin's painting. The solution has been found.

After October revolution the candy factory was nationalized and renamed “Red October”, although for a few more years they added “former. "Einem", the trademark was so popular. Candy "Mishka clumsy" has become a favorite sweet of Soviet citizens. Over time, Shishkin's painting became associated with the wrapper, and its name was simplified to "Three Bears", although there are four of them on the canvas.

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin was remembered by the descendants not only for the painting “Morning in a Pine Forest”. He, like no one else, managed to convey through his paintings the beauty of the pristine forest, the endless expanses of fields, the cold of a harsh land. so realistic that it seems that the sound of a stream or the rustle of leaves is about to be heard somewhere.

"Morning in a Pine Forest" is perhaps one of the most famous paintings Ivan Shishkin. The first thing that attracts and touches the audience looking at the masterpiece is the bears. Without animals, the picture would hardly have turned out so attractive. Meanwhile, few people know that it was not Shishkin who painted the animals, but another artist named Savitsky.

Bear Master

Konstantin Apollonovich Savitsky is no longer as famous as Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin, whose name is known, probably, even by a child. Nevertheless, Savitsky is also one of the most talented domestic painters. At one time he was an academician and a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts. It is clear that it was on the basis of art that Savitsky met Shishkin.
Both of them loved Russian nature and selflessly depicted it on their canvases. But Ivan Ivanovich preferred more landscapes in which people or animals, if they appeared, then only in the role minor characters. Savitsky, on the contrary, actively portrayed both of them. Apparently, thanks to the skill of a friend, Shishkin established himself in the idea that the figures of living beings were not very successful for him.

Help a friend

In the late 1880s, Ivan Shishkin completed another landscape, in which he depicted morning in a pine forest with unusual picturesqueness. However, according to the artist, the picture lacked some kind of accent, for which he planned to draw 2 bears. Shishkin even made sketches for future characters, but was dissatisfied with his work. It was then that he turned to Konstantin Savitsky with a request to help him with the animals. A friend of Shishkin did not refuse and gladly set to work. The bears turned out to be envious. In addition, the number of clubfoot has doubled.
In fairness, it should be noted that Shishkin himself was not going to cheat at all, and when the picture was ready, he indicated not only his last name, but also Savitsky. Both friends were satisfied with the joint work. But everything was spoiled by the founder of the world-famous gallery, Pavel Tretyakov.

Stubborn Tretyakov

It was Tretyakov who purchased Morning in a Pine Forest from Shishkin. However, the philanthropist did not like 2 signatures in the picture. And since after the purchase of this or that work of art, Tretyakov considered himself the sole and full owner of it, he took and erased the name of Savitsky. Shishkin began to object, but Pavel Mikhailovich remained adamant. He said that the manner of writing, including with regard to bears, corresponds to the manner of Shishkin, and Savitsky is clearly superfluous here.
Ivan Shishkin shared the fee received from Tretyakov with a friend. However, he gave Savitsky only the 4th part of the money, explaining that he did the sketches for "Morning" without the help of Konstantin Apollonovich.
Surely, Savitsky was offended by such an appeal. In any case, he did not write a single canvas in tandem with Shishkin. And Savitsky's bears, in any case, really became the decoration of the picture: without them, "Morning in a Pine Forest" would hardly have received such recognition.

Picture painted: 1889
Canvas, oil.
Size: 139 × 213 cm

Description of the painting "Three Bears" by I. Shishkin

Artist: Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin, Konstantin Apollonovich Savitsky
Name of the painting: "Morning in a pine forest"
Picture painted: 1889
Canvas, oil.
Size: 139 × 213 cm

In domestic spaces, you will not find a second such “hit” canvas, the plot of which is present on a rare grandmother’s bedspread, an embroidered little thought, tablecloths, plates, and even on wrappers with cute clubfoot. Memories of parents chocolate candies and the moves of PR people - that's what keeps us from forgetting I. Shishkin's painting "Morning in a Pine Forest" or, in the common people, "Three Bears".

Is it only Shishkin? The bears were painted on canvas by K. Savitsky, who at first depicted two bears, and then raised their number to four. It used to be that Shishkin, despite his rather significant success in animal painting, was not able to depict bears, so he simply exploited poor Savitsky and did not even allow him to sign on the picture. In fact, the artists were friends, and the bears appeared only after the latter said that the canvas was not dynamic. Shishkin could draw anyone, but not bears, so he gave Savitsky the opportunity to revive the picture and sign it. Collector P. Tretyakov was not so loyal: he bought the painting from Shishkin, which means that the authorship is his, so there can be no Savitskys here. In general, the inscription was erased and "Morning in a Pine Forest" began to be considered one of the key paintings in the work of one of the most prominent Russian landscape painters.

Sweets "Mishka clumsy" with Shishkin's reproduction on a wrapper gave the name to the canvas "Three Bears". The delicacy that appeared had a filling of almonds, cocoa beans, was expensive, but it was so tasty that even the agitator of everyone and everything, V. Mayakovsky, could not resist and wrote that if you want "Bears", then set aside a certain amount of money in a savings book. That's how "Clumsy Bear" became "Three Bears" (and there are four of them in the picture), candy - one of the signs of the USSR, and I. Shishkin - a people's artist.

True, he was a singer of nature native land and to the Bears. The artist wanted and knew how to surprise, first of all, with landscapes, which he painted in such a fine manner that he earned the fame of a master of detailing. Only here you will see a haze of fog, as if floating among the branches of centennial pines, soft and cozy moss on boulders, clear water of a stream, morning or evening coolness, midday heat of summer. Interestingly, all the artist's canvases are partially epic, but always monumental. At the same time, Shishkin is not pretentious, he is simply the person who sincerely admires the majestic nature of his native land and knows how to portray it.

"Morning in a Pine Forest" pacifies the balance of its composition. Three bear cubs look very harmonious with their mother bear, and one wants to apply a divine proportion to the two halves of a fallen pine tree. This picture is like a random shot on an old camera that a tourist managed to make, who has been looking for true virgin nature for so long.

And if you look at the color of the picture, then the artist seems to be trying to capture all the richness of the colors of the dawn time. We see the air, but it is not the usual blue hue, but rather blue-green, a little cloudy and foggy. The predominant colors that surrounded the clumsy inhabitants of the forest are green, blue and sunny yellow, reflecting the mood of awakened nature. The bright shimmering golden rays in the background seem to hint at the sun, which is about to illuminate the earth. It is these highlights that give the picture solemnity, it is they who speak of the realism of the fog above the ground. "Morning in a pine forest" is another confirmation of the tangibility of Shishkin's paintings, because you can even feel the cool air.

Look closely at the forest. His appearance is conveyed so realistically that it becomes clear: this is not Forest Glade, and a deaf thicket is a true concentration of wildlife. Above it, the sun had just risen, the rays of which had already managed to make their way to the top of the treetops, splashing them with gold and again hiding in the thicket. Wet fog that has not yet dissipated seems to have awakened the inhabitants of the ancient forest.

Here the cubs and the she-bear woke up, having developed their stormy activity. Satisfied and well-fed bears from the very morning will know the world, exploring the nearest fallen pine tree, and the mother bear watches over the cubs, who clamber sweetly awkwardly up the tree. Moreover, the bear watches not only the cubs, but also tries to catch the slightest sounds that can disturb their idyll. It is simply amazing how these animals, painted by another artist, were able to revive the compositional solution of the picture: a fallen pine seemed to be created for this bear family, busy with its own important things against the backdrop of a remote and wild corner of Russian nature.

The painting “Morning in a Pine Forest” reveals the mastery of a realistic image and its quality, which is in many respects ahead of modern digital technology. Every blade of grass, every ray of sun, every pine needle is written by Shishkin lovingly and reverently. If the foreground of the canvas depicts a fallen pine tree with bears climbing on it, then an ancient forest is located in the background. Bear cubs and the rest of nature evoke calming positive emotions in every person. Animals, like toys, fill the beginning of a new day with kindness and tune in to positive thinking. Looking at these cute animals, one cannot believe that they are predators by nature and cannot be capable of cruelty. But the main thing is not even that. Shishkin focuses the viewer's attention on harmony sunlight, which comes from the background of the picture with cubs on foreground. Draw a visual line through them - and you will certainly notice that these are the brightest objects in the picture, and everything else, including irregularly shaped pine trees, are just complementary strokes.

It seems that "Morning in a Pine Forest" depicts real, live bears in some fantastic landscape. The Vyatka forest, from which nature is written off, the researchers say, is very different from the Shishkin forest. I just wonder if there are bears there now, because the picture has been educating the aesthetic and moral taste of people for a century, and asks to take care of the environment.