Prague old town square monument to Jan Hus. Travel to the memorable places of the goose movement. Monument to Jan Palach and Jan Zayits

The monument to Jan Hus in Prague was erected on the Old Town Square. The location of the monument was discussed as long as its project. Variants of perpetuating the national hero Jan Hus on Wenceslas Square or on the Small Square next to the Old Town were considered. But, given the scale of the hero's personality, it was decided to erect a monument on the main square of the Old City.

The photo shows a view of the monument from the observation deck of the Gothic tower.

Object history

The first stone of the pedestal was laid in 1903. The author of the monument is Ladislav Šaloun, a follower of Symbolism and Art Nouveau in sculpture. The unveiling of the monument to Jan Hus took place without any celebrations in 1915 on the day of the 500th anniversary of the death of the Czech national hero.

Ladislav Šaloun won the repeated competition for the design of the monument to Jan Hus. The first competition was held in the 1880s, when a small monument proposed by V. Amort was recognized as the best. Supporters of the Hussite movement expressed their protest against this very implementation of the project, emphasizing the importance of Jan Hus's personality. This protest led to a change in plans for the placement of the monument and to the announcement of a competition in 1900 for a larger project.

To whom is it dedicated

The composition of the monument is dominated by a bronze sculpture by Jan Hus. The Master stands on a granite pedestal between two groups - staunch followers, and those who were weak in upholding the Truth. The central inscription of the monument encourages the appreciation of Love and Truth.

Jan Hus is a medieval thinker and teacher. He was educated at two faculties of Charles University, and then not only taught at, but also served as the rector of the university for two years. Jan Hus criticized the decline of the Catholic Church and called for its reform, for which he was first excommunicated, and in 1415 sentenced to burning.

The ideas of Jan Hus, who called for the elimination of the vices of religion, were popular among a significant part of the Czech population. The execution of the leader of the reform movement led to active protests by his followers against Catholicism. The country has been ablaze with the Hussite wars for more than two decades.

Significance

July 6 is public holiday Czech Republic (day of execution of Jan Hus). On this day, in the Bethlehem Chapel, in which Master Hus once preached, a solemn mass is held in honor of the national hero.

Place of the monument in the life of Prague

The Jan Hus Monument is a popular object in Prague. Installed on a square in the immediate vicinity of the Old Town Hall, it attracts tourists and local residents... It is always crowded around the monument, here they make appointments, relax, listen to the performances of street musicians.

Location of the monument to Jan Hus on the map

initially we will map the main places

At the beginning of the 15th century, a small church on one of the streets of Prague attracted many people. The townspeople, peasants and knights came here to listen to the fiery sermons of the professor of the Prague University Jan Hus (1371-1415). Jan Hus mercilessly denounced the clergy for retreating from the poverty proclaimed in the Gospel. He resented the trade ecclesiastical offices in Rome, the sale of indulgences in the Czech Republic and called the pope the main swindler. “Even the last penny that the poor old woman hides can be pulled out by an unworthy clergyman. How not to say after that that he is more cunning and more evil than a thief? " - said Gus.

In 1419 there was an uprising in Prague. The Czech townspeople burst into the town hall, threw the hated rulers of the city out of the window. From other cities, the German rich began to be expelled. The rebels smashed the monasteries, killed or expelled the ministers of the church. Pans (Czech feudal lords) seized church lands.

The beginning of the armed struggle. Hussites. Taborites gathered on Mount Tabor in the south of Bohemia (hence their name). Here they founded the city, surrounded it with powerful walls and named it, like the mountain, Tabor. People who came to Tabor put their money in special barrels on the streets. These funds were used to arm the rebels and help the poor. In Tabor, everyone was considered equal and called each other brothers and sisters.

Crusades against the Hussites. A fierce battle began on the hill at the eastern gate - Vitková Hill, where a small detachment of Taborites staunchly repulsed the attacks of the knightly cavalry. At the decisive moment, a detachment of townspeople struck the knights in the rear. The crusaders fled in confusion from the walls of Prague. The Pope and the Emperor undertook four more campaigns against the Hussites, which ended just as ingloriously

The Czech Republic was tired of years of war, it was devastated by enemy invasions and internal strife. The moderates were the first to surrender. Lost confidence in success Crusades, the pope and the emperor entered into negotiations with the moderates. And when fell recognized the new ecclesiastical order in Bohemia, the moderates formed a large army to fight the Taborites. In 1434, near the town of Lipany, east of Prague, the moderates attacked the Taborites and defeated them by cunning maneuvers. After the defeat at Lipan, only individual detachments of the Taborites continued military operations until they were finally dispersed.

The meaning of the Hussite movement. For 15 years (from 1419 to 1434) the Czech people fought heroically against the Catholic Church and hordes of crusaders. As a result, the Hussite Church was established among a part of the Czech people for two centuries; the rest of the population remained Catholic. The Catholic Church was never able to fully return the lost lands in the Czech Republic and restore the destroyed monasteries. The peasants stopped paying tithes. During the years of the Hussite wars, the Seim, a meeting of representatives of the estates, played an important role in governing the country. The diet was preserved in the future. As in other countries, an estate monarchy was established in the Czech Republic. Saint Wenceslas - patron saint of the Czech Republic

In the northern part there is a monument to Jan Hus, at the foot of which tourists rest after long walks, using the lower ledges as benches. The large monument symbolizes national unity.

Jan Hus, a philosopher, preacher and reformer, who fought for the freedom of the Czechs, was recognized as a heretic in 1414, and a year later he was sentenced to death by burning by the Catholic Church.

The consequences of this brutal execution provoked the Hussite Wars, in which on one side were the Hussites - followers of Jan Hus, and on the other - the Roman Catholic Church... The war is remembered in history as the first war in Europe, where manual firearms and where the Hussite infantry inflicted tangible damage on stronger opponents.

Half a century after the execution of Jan Hus, in 1915, in the center of the Old Town was erected bronze monument, based on the sketches of the architect and artist Ladislav Šaloun in the Art Nouveau style. In the center of the elliptical pedestal, Jan Hus himself is depicted, the rest sculptural group is divided into two "camps" - Hussites and emigrants who left Bohemia after the war on White Mountain in 1620, as well as a young mother - a symbol of the revival of the people.

Taking a closer look, you can find carved inscriptions, one of them is a quote from J. Hus and reads like this: "Everyone wants love and truth." There are also excerpts from the chorale "Who are the Warriors of God" and an inscription carved in 1926 in honor of the independence of Czechoslovakia - "We believe that the government will turn to you again, the Czech people."

After the burning of Gus, the Hussite wars continued for another 20 years, but they did not lead to radical changes. The only thing the Hussites achieved was the right to the sacrament. Subsequently, a community of followers of Jan Hus will be formed - a community of Moravian brothers who will contribute to the history of the church.

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If you find yourself in the Czech Republic, in its capital Prague, then naturally visit the Old Town Square (Staroměstské náměstí). Of course, while sightseeing, in the northern part of the square, you will be near the monument to Jan Hus (Pomník Jana Husa). It’s probably not worth telling the story of Jan Hus himself. Everyone knows who he was for the Czech Republic, and for the whole of Europe. Jan Hus [...]

If you find yourself in the Czech Republic, in its capital Prague, then naturally visit Old Town Square (Staroměstské náměstí). Of course, when sightseeing, in the northern part of the square, you will be near monument to Jan Hus (Pomník Jana Husa).

It’s probably not worth telling the story of Jan Hus himself. Everyone knows who he was for the Czech Republic, and for the whole of Europe. Jan Hus - reformer, preacher, was the founder of a new trend. His supporters from 1391 to 1434 fought wars with the dynasty of the Habsburg monarchs. He became the personification of the unity of the people of the Czech Republic. It would probably be correct to say that it was Jan Hus who was the first among the fighters for human rights and the rights of Czechs. Of course, not everyone liked it. As they say, it is necessary to remove the leader, the rest will disperse themselves. And they resorted to themselves easy way who flourished in those days of obscurantism. Hus was declared a heretic, and with the hope that everything would return to normal, they peacefully burned alive at the stake. Although this only led to the 20 year war of the Hussites.

For the 500th anniversary, in honor of the merits of Jan Hus, a monument was erected to him in 1915, in the most honorable place for all Czechs, on the Old Town Square. It was created famous sculptor and artist Ladislav Šaloun... The monument looks very original. This is not an ordinary plinth on which a figure stands. It seems to grow out of the square itself. Please note that this is not just a monument, but rather a whole composition. Here are the Hussites, here is the young woman-mother, to whom the artist wanted to show the revival of the ideas of Hus and the whole people. And on the monument itself there is an inscription that reveals the philosophy of life of Jan Hus "Love people".

In 2007-2008, the monument was closed for restoration. The restorers were very worried about the progress of the work. After all, this is not a monument cast in bronze. The monument is prefabricated. Its iron, internal fixings may have suffered from time to time. But nothing happened. And the monument is open again. People of different confessions, both Protestants and Catholics, come to pay tribute to him. And they are about the same in the Czech Republic.

An interesting detail. Pay attention to the fact that although the artist did not make a calculation for this, it turned out that way: Jan Hus's gaze goes to the attic window, and it is made in such a way that it has a binding of glass in the form of a cross, moreover, a Catholic one. And it turns out that he proudly looks at the Catholic cross. Of course, this is just a coincidence. Nevertheless, attentive tourists notice this very symbolic detail.

Staroměstské náměstí, 110 00 Prague, Czech Republic

Take tram number 8, 26, 91 to the stop Dlouhá třída

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