Essay on the topic of tolerance in interethnic relations. The problem of tolerance: arguments from fiction. What is tolerance: definition, synonyms. Department of "Socio-psychological and humanitarian disciplines"

(363 words) Today we hear the word “tolerance” from everywhere. If we refer to the explanatory dictionary, this is "tolerance for a different worldview, way of life, behavior and customs." If you remember history, you can cite thousands of examples where, at the legislative level, tolerance was just the same condemned. But today we are all encouraged to show this form of delicacy, so it is necessary to understand what it is, using literary examples.

For example, in the story "In a Bad Society" by V. Korolenko, the main character, the boy Vasya, begins to make friends with poor children. He absolutely does not care about social prejudices, which say that it is not appropriate for a boy from a good family to associate with homeless people. But class prejudices are alien to Vasya; he empathizes with the "children of the dungeon", seeing how cruelly other townspeople treat the poor, who are just not capable of tolerance and compassion. The behavior of a child is the best example of a manifestation of tolerance: for him, social status does not matter when it comes to friendship. Even though Marusya and Valek are different from him, live in a completely different way, he does not despise them, but treats them as equals.

The most acute issue of tolerance was in America after the abolition of slavery. In the story "To Kill a Mockingbird" by the American writer Harper Lee, one of the plot lines is the trial of a black man who is accused of raping and beating a girl from a family of "white" Americans. Even despite the fact that all the evidence points to the guilt of the victim's father, the society is biased towards the African American, they cannot accept him, are ready to accuse him without trial, and the whole city adheres to this position. And only the father of the main character shows tolerance. He, being a lawyer, is trying to find out the truth, and, having learned that his client is not guilty, he is trying to protect an innocent black man. At the same time, it is important that he not only tries to achieve justice, he also risks his life, because the townspeople are hostile against the one who protects African Americans. Ultimately, the court made the wrong decision, primarily because of racial discrimination in a society that is not yet ready for tolerance.

The thought that we are different, but at the same time equal, probably always came to a person's mind. Thoughts about tolerance were already in ancient times, however, the ancestors hardly knew what to call this phenomenon. Now, thanks to tolerance, humanity has overcome slavery, division into classes (though not everywhere). But have we become truly tolerant? This is a question that our generation must answer.

Essay

Topic: "Tolerance among the youth, interethnic and interreligious relations"

Tolerance in your own words is a person's tolerance for other people. For example: to his behavior. It seems to me that if a person has tolerance, then he is a noble person. This person has a high culture. Everyone has their own tolerance. It manifests itself when you see the flaws in people. It is needed so that there is order in society. Thanks to tolerance, there will be peace on earth, and if there is peace on earth, then there will be no war, people will be happy. Every day we are faced with a choice whether to be tolerant towards another person or not. If at least each of us shows more tolerance, the world will be better, brighter and kinder. It all depends on our behavior, and it can only be corrected by the person himself, without the help of others, by changing his principles and values. We see that modern young people, on an unconscious level, are not able to accept a person as he is. However, in spite of this, it acts aggressively towards those people who differ in their nationality, religion, and culture. Therefore, this problem is very relevant not only among students, adolescents, but also among children.

The problem of interethnic relations and interethnic tolerance in modern Russia is one of the topical ones. Xenophobia is most acutely manifested in the youth environment, including among students, as evidenced by the sociology of youth and the sociology of education.

Xenophobia is fear or hatred towards everything new and alien.
For example: In my life there was one case when a relative from another country came to my close friend. He did not really understand our language, did not know our traditions, and for him it was all new. At first, it was difficult for him to get used to everything else, and he even showed fear and aggressiveness.
Having got to know this man, I realized that not only he has a problem with aggressiveness, but also our modern youth.
The problem of modern relations is aggressive behavior in children, students, adults and the elderly. For example, if young people show aggressive behavior in relationships between people, then their level of self-control decreases and their physical and emotional state is manifested.

The increased aggressiveness of young people is one of the most acute problems for society as a whole. The number of youth with violent behavior is growing rapidly.

There is a direct connection between manifestations of aggression and upbringing in the family.

Upbringing is an impact on a developing person. Its effect goes on the body, soul and spirit. But the soul is a conductor between body and spirit. The soul is the very object that absorbs everything that a person sees, hears, feels from his very birth. Thanks to this, he develops an idea of ​​the world around him and behavior in this world.

Any education is always aimed at something, regardless of whether it is expressed in the smallest acts or large-scale ones.

After all, our upbringing depends not only on our parents, but also on ourselves. Because parents want to give us something more, but we do not understand this. And we want to do everything our own way.

And in the future, we will realize that we were wrong, and we will regret this mistake.

And judging by this, the majority of young people show aggression, which not everyone can control. It is difficult for them.

Not only parents are to blame for this, but we are also to blame. We do not accept what adults give us. And this is a big minus in the modern world.
But I would like to say about those young people who take an example from their parents, trying to show what they were taught. Strive for something more, achieving their goal.

In conclusion, I would like to note which direction a young person will choose depends only on him: on his life values, level of upbringing, education and culture, as well as on the environment in which he lives and develops.

L.N. Tolstoy wrote: "The more you live a spiritual life, the more independent you are from fate, and vice versa." I agree with this statement, because a spiritually developed person thinks and reflects himself, has his own convictions, can enjoy spiritual values ​​and not suffer from a lack of material wealth. After all, a man is the master of his own destiny.

Bibliography

1. Pokatylo, V. V. Glukhova, L. R. Volkova, A. V. "Young Scientist" [Electronic resource] - Access mode: https://moluch.ru/archive/63/9965/.

2. "EDUCATION OF SPIRITUALITY IN THE CURRENT YOUTH" [Electronic resource] - Access mode: https://nauchforum.ru/studconf/gum/iii/664.

Sapieva Raisa

“Now that we have learned to fly through the air like birds,

to swim underwater like fish, we are missing only one thing:

learn to live like people on earth "

Bernard Show

Today Olga Aleksandrovna began the lesson by saying that we are all so different: adults and children, blondes and brunettes, good and bad, plump and thin, bald and with pigtails, smart and not very smart, but everyone should live and understand each other. There is such a beautiful word "tolerance". I wrote it on the board and asked if we had heard this word and what it means. I listened to the answers of my classmates and wondered why everyone has been talking too much about tolerance lately. I am Kazakh by nationality. Hatred of small nations has begun to manifest itself more and more in the modern world. So when Olga Aleksandrovna was offered to write an essay on the topic: "Tolerance is for me ..." ", I immediately wanted to put my thoughts on paper.

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MUNICIPAL BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

"The main secondary school with. Nameless "

Essay

"Tolerance is for me ..."

Performed

6th grade student

Sapieva Raisa

2013-2014 academic year

“Now that we have learned to fly through the air like birds,

to swim underwater like fish, we are missing only one thing:

learn to live like people on earth "

Bernard Show

Today Olga Aleksandrovna began the lesson by saying that we are all so different: adults and children, blondes and brunettes, good and bad, plump and thin, bald and with pigtails, smart and not very smart, but everyone should live and understand each other. There is such a beautiful word "tolerance". I wrote it on the board and asked if we had heard this word and what it means. I listened to the answers of my classmates and wondered why everyone has been talking too much about tolerance lately. I am Kazakh by nationality. Hatred of small nations has begun to manifest itself more and more in the modern world. So when Olga Aleksandrovna was offered to write an essay on the topic: "Tolerance is for me ..." ", I immediately wanted to put my thoughts on paper.

Finally, in the evening, there were free minutes. Outside the window was a busy day: school chores, helping my mother around the house, working in our small store. I sat down at the table and turned on the computer.

Tolerance has proven difficult to describe, possibly because it is defined differently in different languages. On the Internet, I found that in English, tolerance is "the readiness and ability to perceive a person without protest", in French - "respect for the freedom of another, his way of thinking", in Arabic - tolerance is "forgiveness, condescension, compassion, patience", in Persian, it is readiness for reconciliation. " The Russian dictionary interprets this word as tolerance - the ability to endure something or someone. Meanwhile, the concept of "tolerance" is already given in many dictionaries as outdated. Is this really fair? Is a world possible in which there is no place for respecting someone else's opinion, culture, or language?

It has now become fashionable to demonstrate your tolerance, and even better, to talk about it as loudly as possible. The word "tolerance" comes from the verb "endure," and patience is not the most pleasant feeling. When we tolerate someone, we feel awkward, irritated, sometimes even hate. Therefore, I prefer to understand the word "tolerance" as understanding and respect, and not as patience.

First of all, tolerance manifests itself at home, at school. Everyone knows that you need to live in harmony, but sometimes it is difficult to restrain ourselves when we see the shortcomings of others. Sometimes we get the feeling that we are being nagged. At school, as elsewhere, we are all different: there are small, big, thin, overweight, Russians, Kazakhs, Armenians, Gypsies. Why do we sometimes laugh at each other? Real tolerance manifests itself primarily in human behavior. In the way with which we accept the habits of other people. All people have different attitudes towards those who are not like them, who look or think differently, believe in other gods, belong to a different nationality. Someone is indifferent, someone is trying to understand, accept. And someone, on the contrary, does not accept what is alien to him. They call it differently now: racism, Nazism, extremism….

I read that during the Great Patriotic War, when the Nazis captured Russian cities, many Russians were evacuated to the south, where the war had not yet reached. They were warmly received by people of other nationalities: Tajiks, Uzbeks, Georgians, Armenians. The Russians were provided with housing, food, clothing and other necessary things. People did not look at the fact that the refugees were not of their nationality, with a different color of eyes and skin! And that is why our country won in such a difficult and terrible war. People helped each other, did not allow the weak to perish, all united together against the common enemy - the Nazis.

Previously, the problem of tolerance was not as acute as it is now. In the conditions of the emergence of freedom of choice for each person - how to dress, how to behave, what to believe in - society has turned into a mass of people completely different from each other.

I believe that it is wrong to divide people by ethnicity or religion. Is there a difference where a person was born, and what faith he professes?

On the one hand, how are we different? Two arms, two legs and a head, all the same as the others. We are all human, this is our main similarity, this is what we must respect each other for. Means nothing!

And when you meet a person of a different nationality on the street, you don't need to look at him with contempt or with a grin. His nationality, appearance is not a reason to hate him. Once our grandparents lived in one country and it was called the Soviet Union. They told me that all peoples were friendly, respected each other, were friends. We went to each other's sanatoriums, on excursions. The children met at the Artek camp. It was the place where the best students of different nationalities came. Why has everything changed now? Well, not one president for all small nations, but each has his own. This is not a reason to end friendship!

You just need to treat everyone as it was before, and then there will be no "strangers" among us? Every nationality has bad people with whom it is undesirable to have a meeting in the evening on the street. You just need to treat a person like a person, live like a human being and no matter what nationality you are - Russian, Kazakh, Chechen, Azeri or Uzbek. What do we lack to live like a human being? And the fruit of my thoughts was the conclusion that it turns out to be tolerance. We all live in one world, where there are many countries and many different people, where everyone is friends in their own way, so let's live together! So tolerance for me is friendship, respect. Fight violence together, understand each other in order to build a peaceful future. If we think about it now, then there will be no wars or terrorist acts on Earth. And then there will be peace on our planet, and humanity will survive, and we will all be calm for the future of our children, the future of the Earth and we will rejoice in every new day with a blue sky, a bright sun. I am tolerant of all people and I urge all those around me to be the same.

Probably not everyone knows what tolerance is. In general, this word is interpreted in the Russian dictionary - as the ability to be tolerant, condescending to the actions of other people, readiness for reconciliation. Anyone should be tolerant towards another. He must always evaluate his actions and be responsible for them. To become a tolerant person, you must first of all develop your spiritual world, evaluate it. With us, with students of grade 10 "B", the psychologist of the Kumpan school, Lyudmila Ivanovna, conducted a training on tolerance. At the very beginning, the meaning of this term was explained to us. Further, we were asked to imagine the situation that creatures from outer space came to us and divided our class into two layers of people: "brown-eyed" and "blue-eyed" have nothing intellect and must obey the "brown-eyed". Half of the class, which represented the "brown-eyed", was offered to develop laws by which this state would live. In this game, the "brown-eyed" forgot about the topic of the training and presented such laws that deprived the "blue-eyed" of the most elementary rights and freedoms. Even in the game, the "blue-eyed" experienced a sense of humiliation, resentment and anger towards the "brown-eyed" and the roles they were given, and the "brown-eyed" feelings of pride, joy and superiority. At the end of the training, when the psychologist reminded about tolerance, it was clear that the provocative situation made us forget about it. "Some kind" aliens imposed their will on us, manipulated us and forced us to adopt rather cruel laws. After the training, we wanted to be better: respect the other, show generosity, be condescending, gentle, tolerant. Life will provide us with various difficult situations from which we need to get out with dignity, not to allow ourselves to be manipulated by adhering to our own opinions and choices. We learned a great lesson from this training and mistakes that were made, we will try not to repeat again.

Once in our classroom, a teacher talked about tolerance. It was a whole lesson dedicated to this mysterious, beautiful word. We listened in fascination to the teacher's story about relationships between people, about the uniqueness of each person and, in my opinion, this lesson had a strong impact on all of us, including me.

Tolerance is, in other words, tolerance. A tolerant person does not condemn other people's views and beliefs, but treats each point of view with understanding and respect. There is a good saying: "How many people - so many opinions." Of course, it is possible to meet a person with similar views, but it is impossible to meet a completely identical person, because each of us grows up in his own unique environment, has his own family, his friends, innate and acquired knowledge, skills, as well as his own experience.

You cannot judge a person by their country of residence, skin color or religious beliefs. These are things that are not decisive in assessing the human qualities of a person. After all, tolerance is freedom of thought, choice, but is it even possible to limit our freedom at all?

But what is it for? In my opinion, tolerance helps to reduce conflicts between people. After all, people often enter into disputes without taking into account the opinion of their opponent. A person who sees only his own opinion and recognizes it as the only correct one is an egoist. This is not entirely correct, since it only complicates life, primarily for the person himself. Such a person sees negativity and disagreement everywhere, tries to find like-minded people, closes his eyes to other views. While other people with their own views and interests are of great benefit to other people: different people enrich each other, share new experiences with each other, broaden their horizons. We must not forget that communication is not just a "one-sided game", the purpose of communication is not to impose one's own opinion on someone. The purpose of communication is exchange: exchange of views, experience, knowledge.

Tolerant people, I think, find it easier to perceive other people. After all, it is much more interesting to perceive someone else's opinion than to argue with others convincing them of their own opinion. Of course, there are people who cannot live a day without a dispute, but disputes can be different. You can simply impose your beliefs, try to "retrain" a person, accuse him of erroneous views. And you can calmly and reasonably answer the question of what is his mistake and why your views should be taken on faith as correct.

So, I think people should learn more about tolerance and learn this skill. After all, this is really creativity - to be able to listen to a person, accept him as he is and not offend if his beliefs do not coincide with yours. This behavior is the key to effective communication and useful exchange of information.