Back command mystery wire symbol. Rokossovites in Chukotka or the secret of Providence Bay - from military history, science, practice Artillery units and subunits

Are you wondering where the symbols that you see in front of your eyes every day come from - the Command key and the "beach ball of death"? I think it's interesting now. Therefore, I hasten to fill the vacuum in consciousness with the help of Gizmodo and a little Vicki.

Command key

The picky Steve Jobs always complains about something. At Apple, that's the only way to get things done, and the Apple key is no exception. Jobs immediately disliked the apple symbol on the keyboard. His response to Mac development team member Andy Hertzfeld was, “There are too many apples here! This is ridiculous! We've been throwing away the Apple logo in vain. ” And, of course, the bug was soon fixed and this little looped square that we know and love replaced the original Apple key.

So where did these loops come from? Artist Susan Kare found this symbol in the international sign directory. In Scandinavian countries, it is used to denote landmarks and cultural monuments. It is also the official road sign for attracting tourists in Sweden (as a result, local poppy-growers call the key “Fornminne” - “ancient monument”). The symbol is also known as the “Gorgon Loop” (Gordon's loop) and “Saint John’s Arm’s” (St. John’s hands). Its origins date back to pre-Christian times.

SBBOD

Officially, a "spinning beach ball of death" or "spinning beach ball of death" (SBBOD) for most Mac users means problems, so the attitude towards it is far from rosy. The cursor first appeared in OS X to indicate a situation where the active application does not respond and the user can either force the program to terminate or wait.

Before the ball, as many know, there was a wristwatch in Mac OS 9. The rainbow ball has become its natural continuation. But where does it originate from? In the NeXTstep system, the predecessor to OS X, this cursor was shaped like an optical disc. The ball was to serve as a symbol for NEXT's removable and rewritable magneto-optical disks. However, regardless of the origins of the "whirligig of death", we still strain at the sight of this cursor.

This is one of the least studied, mysterious pages in the history of Chukotka. For tens of years, it was forbidden to talk about the presence of the Rocossists in Chukotka. More than forty years later, it is difficult to find at least some documents about the stay of the Rokossovites in Chukotka.
What winds brought these violent, uncontrollable, dashing guys who fought under the command of the legendary marshal to Chukotka?

Dugouts, pillboxes, concrete command bunkers, firing points, remnants of barracks and rare witnesses - these are few that keep the memory of that time. Let us try, on the basis of evidence, to restore at least a piece of mysterious time that cannot be erased from the history of Chukotka, cannot be changed, just as one who has passed away cannot be changed.

Mid 1945. Fascist Germany is defeated, a war with Japan is on the horizon, Stalin hastily resolves one of the most important tasks for maintaining his power. The Marshal's "pets", adored by the people, who won the war on the battlefields, and not in the offices, became contenders for power and influence over the people. With the swiftness of a card player, the Generalissimo exiles renowned generals to different corners of a vast empire. Marshal Zhukov is sent to Germany, Marshals Meretskov, Malinovsky, Vasilevsky - to the Far East, Marshal Rokossovsky is appointed commander of the Northern Group of Forces. The troops entrusted to the marshals are hastily dispersed across the vast expanses of the Fatherland.

In August 1945, a blitz war with the Japanese began and in a few days was completed by the complete defeat of the Kwantung Army.

After the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the Americans, the situation in the world is changing dramatically. American war allies become adversaries for decades to come. The Stalinist leadership hastily begins to strengthen the borders of the empire.

Part of the troops that successfully operated against the Kwantung Army, distinguished themselves in the war with Germany, are loaded onto ships. The troops are attached to units stationed in the districts of Moscow, who fought under the command of Marshal Rokossovsky.

It was late autumn, the Bering Sea was stormy. Ships full of soldiers. weapons, ammunition, food, went to sea and headed for the North. The soldiers and officers talked among themselves that the army was being thrown into the seizure of Alaska. A nervous revival, warmed up by alcohol, reigned.

Imagine the disappointment of the soldiers when the ships entered the bay surrounded by lifeless rocky mountains. Unloading was carried out hastily. Frosts struck, the sea was frozen in ice, the ships had to return to Nakhodka.

The army landed in Providence Bay was, in fact, thrown to survive in extreme conditions.

To survive in the freezing snows of Chukotka, it was necessary to build at least some kind of housing. Thus, the vast expanse of the Providence Bay coastline turned into a construction site. Dugouts were erected, firing points were set up, trenches and bomb shelters were dug, barracks were built.

The tops of a number of hills were occupied by anti-aircraft batteries, artillery was stationed along the coastal strip, tanks were camouflaged in secluded ravines. In a matter of weeks, the lifeless, wild place turned into a powerful defensive point. Roads were led to numerous firing points, ammunition depots and fuel tanks were driven into the ground. The personnel were drummed into the need to increase their vigilance, for an attack by the American imperialists on Chukotka was possible.

During the first harsh winter, the soldiers lived in barracks, built of planks, between which slag or earth was poured, in insulated tents, or even in primitive dugouts. They managed to build prefabricated wooden Finnish houses for the officers. Both officers and soldiers lived closely, dirty, but there was a lot of drink and food.

According to eyewitnesses, blizzards in those years were of incredible power. Coal was brought by ships only to the territory of the seaport. When the roads were swept over and the cars were suffocating in the snow, a chain of soldiers lined up, and with backpacks, from hand to hand, the coal was delivered to Ureliki, to the barracks and housing, which were located five to seven kilometers from the seaport. With the arrival of the military, the commercial port itself began to grow rapidly. To provide the army needed not only food, ammunition, uniforms, but especially a lot of fuel, cement for the construction of pillboxes, loopholes and bomb shelters, underground command posts, even then they were thinking about atomic war. A lot of military equipment was brought in.

At the same time, the airfield, which had previously served as a spare during the ferrying of military aircraft along the Alaska-Siberia route, was hastily expanded. They say that prisoners from the "mainland" worked at the airport. I could not find any documents confirming this. But the fact that prisoners were used in the construction of military airfields in Chukotka is an established fact that requires special study. For several years the newest MIGs were based in Providence, then they were relocated to Anadyr.

In the early fifties, Providence became one of the largest military bases in the North. Hundreds of tanks, hundreds of artillery, anti-aircraft pawns. Tens of thousands of soldiers and officers were ready to fight to the death for the northern borders.

It is difficult now to establish the names of the units that fought under the command of the famous Marshal Rokossovsky, but for some reason all the soldiers who were in Providence were called Rokossovites. And the soldiers themselves at that time proudly called themselves the Rocossists. Dashing, uncontrollable guys. Behind them are two wars, two victories, a sea of ​​blood, death, risk. The uniforms of soldiers and officers are hung with medals for valor and heroism, and on you - for the fact that you won, that you shed blood. Discontent was expressed in drunkenness, violence of women.

Lyudmila Ivanovna Adnany, now a senior researcher at INTSNO MO RSFSR, recalls:

“At that time I was nine years old, I studied in a boarding school, lived with my grandfather. When the Rokossovites were sent to Providence, life became very scary. They drank heavily, there were frequent cases of violence against women. When they, drunk, knocked on the windows and demanded that the women leave immediately, we "died" of fear.

People began to leave Providence, especially women. When I ran to school past the barracks - they were right next to the hill - everyone was shaking with fear. There were women working in the laundry, and there were always fights because of them. They were even guarded, but many women tried to quickly jump out in marriage, even to an old man, just to get out of here.

Once an officer came to our boarding school, grabbed a pistol, drove us into the middle of the room and began to shout that we are enemies of the people and could sell ourselves to the Americans at any moment. Some girls huddled under their bunks in fear. Two boys managed to sneak out of the room and ran after the headmaster. We also had him as an officer, fought and quickly twisted our offender. Then they said that the officer was shell-shocked, in general, something was wrong with his psyche.

There was also a military hospital, and there were rumors that some experiments were being carried out on people there, which made people, even women, go bald. But for the experiments they brought in specially rams. How true this was, I do not know, but I remember well about such rumors, even though I was small. While the Rocossites were in Providence, the locals tried not to come here. The rumor spread throughout the tundra: you can't go to Providence - it's dangerous. I also had to leave, and I returned to Provideniya a few years later, when the Rokossovites were sent to the "mainland".

And here is the story of Lilia Petrovna Ryazanova, now a pensioner, somewhat similar to her previous memories:

"My mother and older sister and I arrived in Ureliki, which are located on the other side of the bay, in 1942. There were no soldiers here, except for border guards. We built a shack out of wooden boxes and lived in it. Mom got a job as a cleaner in a bakery, and the older sister worked in the canteen. ”The border guards behaved very well, helped us: they brought water and coal.

When the war ended, a lot of soldiers arrived. They were called Rocossists and Black Drivers. The black-footed ones behaved badly. We were so afraid of them! Young women were raped right on the street. Killing was not killed, but raped. They went door-to-door with machine guns and looked for young women. There were cases when women were directly snatched from their husbands, they stood up for their wives, and they were severely beaten. Border guards always came to the rescue.

One winter we were walking with the girls on the street, I was then eleven years old. We see many soldiers lined up on the parade ground. We ran to see what was going on there. The officer in the center of the square says: "For the traitor to the Motherland, who broke his oath!" The soldiers raised their rifles and fired at the man. We got so scared, we rushed to run home.

It seems that in 1943 all the civilians were gathered by the border guards and they say, they say, we are no longer able to protect, everyone needs to leave here. All civilians were accommodated with relatives in neighboring villages, where there were no Black Drivers.

We returned to Providence in 53 or 54, when the soldiers of the Rokossovites were no longer there. We were still afraid of the soldiers for a long time. Sometimes, when I saw a soldier, my heart sank with fear. Now I understand everything, but before ... "

Vasily Polikazpovich Isergen, pensioner, in the village of Provideniya since 1943:

“I worked as a loader in the port and I remember how the Rokossovites arrived. It was already late autumn, it was cold. Then many units were poked all over the bay. There were tankers and anti-aircraft gunners, there was even a naval battery.

The headquarters of the division was located in Providence, and the headquarters of the army was on the other side of the bay - in Ureliki. General Oleshev, Hero of the Soviet Union, commanded the army. He was a young, handsome general. There was order here under him. The roads were in excellent condition. It used to be that a general was driving in a car with his adjutants, where he shakes, they write down, and immediately scold the one who is in charge of the section of the road. The next morning the road is flat.

They built a lot then. The military upset our port. There was a lot of cargo and weapons. There are concrete fortifications everywhere. Then the bay was impregnable. The tanks were quickly removed from Providence, they were not needed here - tundra, they got stuck. We loaded them onto ships at night and sent them to the "mainland".

In 1952, Marshal R. Malinovsky came to visit. I saw him, he was in our port. Now they say that Marshal Rokossovsky was twice in Providence, but I don't know anything about that. Maybe he came secretly with the inspection? He was at one time the chief inspector at the Ministry of Defense. In general, I have not seen him. After the arrival of Malinovsky, the army of the Rokossovites began to be gradually removed from Chukotka. Thanks to the army, our village has become very upset. "

The personality of General N. Oleshev interested me. Scant data indicate that Nikolai Nikolaevich Oleshev was born in Yaroslavl in a Russian working class family in 1903. At the age of sixteen he volunteered for the civil war. At twenty-three, he graduated from a cavalry school. Hence, apparently, the general's love for horses stretches. They say that “even in Chukotka, the commanders of the units entrusted to him loved to dance on horses.

During the Great Patriotic War N. Oleshev commanded the corps. In 1945, his corps, as part of the Trans-Baikal Front, entered the war with Japan. It was in this war that the young general distinguished himself. His corps launched an offensive on August 9, 1945, swiftly overcame the B. Khingan ridge and attacked the enemy. For 15 days of fighting, the corps advanced 950 kilometers, captured about 2,500 enemy soldiers and officers, a lot of weapons and equipment. In September 1945, Nikolai Nikolaevich Oleshev received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and was sent with the army to Chukotka. In 1948, the general graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff, and in 1963 he retired. He lived in Riga and died in 1970.

When I was collecting materials about the Rokossovites, some people said that we should not raise the dark sides of the presence of troops in Chukotka, they say, nowadays they speak so badly about our army. Least of all I would like to erect vain on the soldiers who, after a bloody war, found themselves in the snows of Chukotka.

I have been to the places of the combat positions of the Rokossovites more than once. At the beginning of summer, when the willow-tea blooms thickly and the pink (golden root) radiola blazes with sunny yellowness, the concrete fortifications, the remains of the barracks, built of wild stone, seem to be ulcers on the green body of the tundra. In early autumn, when the grass is barely touched by yellowness, the leaves of a dwarf tundra birch are covered with a light purple, and sedge rustles in the wind, like tin, the former military facilities merge with the tundra and become inconspicuous.

On the ruins, I came across a soldier's stool with a hole in the center. The inventory number and the year of either manufacture or inventory -1945 were carved out from below. The stool turned out to be almost the same age as me. Unlike humans, a tree in Chukotka does not smolder for a long time.

Examining the bomb shelter dug in the hill, I opened a massive, half a meter thick, armored door and squeezed inside. The darkness smelled damp. Curiosity was drawn into the belly of the bunker. I took a few steps down a circle of concrete stairs, and suddenly the outer door creaked. It seemed to me that it was closing. I jumped out of the concrete sack like a bullet. If the armored colossus had slammed shut, I would not have opened it from the inside. When would they find me in this concrete prison?

On one of the tops of the hills, where an anti-aircraft battery used to stand, there is still a power plant with a burnt diesel engine, concrete loopholes, and dugouts. From the top, at a glance, there is a narrow entrance to the bay. Militarily, the location was well chosen. The battery was actually invulnerable, the nearby hills covered it from air raids, but what was it like for soldiers to live on this high in winter, when the wind blows them into the sea? Months, years, life on this rocky peak! What labor did it take to build concrete fortifications here, build dugouts, a power plant, and punch a road along the slope!

What influenced not the decision of Marshal Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky, at that time the commander of the newly created Far Eastern Military District, to decide to withdraw the Rokossists from Chukotka? Excessively high expenses for the maintenance of the army? Complaints about the bad behavior of the soldiers? Most likely, the military doctrine began to change. The technology of the times of the war was outdated, more complex equipment came to replace it, and more complex technology required educated soldiers.

By the mid-fifties, the Rocossists were no longer in Chukotka. Army units began to replace the missile forces. In distant Providence, a small town of missilemen was built with barracks, a power station and even a missile assembly workshop. Well, off we go. I was told by a loader who transported parts of the missiles disassembled in boxes. "Usually they loaded these boxes into cars at night, brought them to the town, to the barbed wire, and then the soldiers unloaded the boxes. We were not allowed to the base. The guards were powerful. There were towers around, barbed wire in several rows."

The rocketeers were well supplied with food. They say that even in winter they were given grapes, lemons, apples, vegetables.

The missiles were collected at the base and transported to the launch sites, which are poked around the Bay of Providence in great numbers. Both the roads and the launch sites themselves were classified and well guarded. Buildings of radio direction finders remained on the hills. It was impossible to punch roads through the rocky hills, so the soldiers carried all the building materials on themselves.

How many missiles were delivered to Providence? Who will answer this question now? One thing is clear that to assemble a dozen missiles, they would not have built an assembly shop that had been working intensively for several years.

When you think about how many people have been in Providence Bay, a question involuntarily arises. What is so remarkable about this piece of land that it was so guarded? Why was he so absurdly guarded for almost forty years?

The mystery may be slightly revealed if we remember that since the mid-fifties our army has been intensively equipped with atomic weapons. The old-timers of Providence said that he saw nuclear submarines in the fiords. Wasn't the military command going to build a nuclear submarine base here? The place is superb. Deep-water, mountainous in fiords could hide more than one nuclear submarine.

Missiles from Providence began to be removed in the early seventies. The town of missilemen is now in ruins, as after the bombing. Heating pipes stick out, electrical wires hang, roads are overgrown with grass, only machine-gun nests, laid out of stone, have not been touched by time. They can be used any minute.

You never cease to wonder how much money the state spent on the construction and maintenance of military bases in the North. Billions were driven into concrete bunkers, barracks, launch sites, and beggars from Chukotka villages stood nearby. Surely the command did not know that on the opposite side of the Bering Strait there are almost no troops and military bases of a defensive nature?

Recently we learned from the press that during the creation of the atomic shield, atomic charges were collected in various parts of Russia, including Chukotka. So where were the atomic warheads going: in Providence or Anadyr? Isn't that why the radiation background around these settlements is somewhat higher than in other places, which has also been written about in the newspapers more than once? Again a mystery.

Legends and rumors are born from secrets, as always. They say that in the late sixties, somewhere in the mountains of Chukotka, an atomic device was allegedly blown up. There are rumors that atomic weapons storage facilities still exist in Chukotka. This is speculation? Who will tell us the truth? My short story about the Rocossists is a tiny particle of what was previously hidden from us.

History is learned not out of sheer curiosity, but also in order to learn useful lessons from the past. What have we all learned from the recent militaristic intoxication?

Chukotka, as before, is oversaturated with troops. As in the past, there are many tanks, artillery, aircraft, missiles and other military equipment. Thousands of people are tied by army laws to barracks, guns, parade grounds. Billions are again spent on keeping the army in the snows of Chukotka. Now from whom are we defending ourselves? From the Americans? Have mercy, do they need us? They don't need us for nothing. No, the former militarist frenzy has not faded away in us.

I will not talk about how the tundra gets sick from the effects of technology, including military technology. Everyone knows this well. Isn't it time to declare Chukotka a land free from military bases, missiles and other weapons? We are not that rich to keep tank battalions, infantry divisions, and missile divisions in every village.

Evgeny Rozhkov

A topographic map on which the tactical or special situation with all its changes in the course of hostilities is graphically displayed with the help of conventional tactical signs with the necessary explanatory inscriptions, is called the commander's working map.

The process of displaying a tactical or special situation on a map or other graphic document is called "setting the situation". The set of conventional tactical signs is called "tactical situation" or abbreviated as "situation".

Completeness of setting the setting:

1. About the enemy:

• the location of weapons of mass destruction with details down to a single weapon, rocket launcher;
• infantry, motorized infantry, tank, artillery units with details to the platoon, guns;
• radiation situation to the extent necessary for work.

2.About your troops:

• the position of subunits in detail two steps below their level (for example, the regiment commander marks battalions and companies).
• tasks assigned by the senior chief.

Applied topographic maps:

• 1: 25000 - commanders of inputs and companies;
• 1: 50,000 - battalion commanders;
• 1: 100000 - commanders of regiments, divisions, corps;
• 1: 200000 - commanders of armies, fronts;
• 1: 500000 - overview maps of the fronts, the main command.

The following colors are used to apply the decor:

1. Basic - red, blue, black;
2. Auxiliary - brown, green, yellow.

The use of other colors, as well as shades of primary or secondary colors is not allowed.

• RED used when designating for our troops the position, missions, actions, weapons and equipment of motorized rifle, airborne, tank, aviation, naval units. Fire zones are marked with the same color, regardless of who created these zones.
• BLUE it is used when designating for enemy troops the position, missions, actions, weapons and equipment of all combat arms. Also, all inscriptions related to the enemy are applied in this color. Flooded zones are marked with the same color, regardless of who created these zones.
• BLACK used in the designation for our troops provisions, tasks, actions, weapons and equipment of missile troops, artillery, anti-aircraft troops, engineering troops, chemical troops, radio engineering troops, signal troops, railway and other special troops. Also, this color is used for all inscriptions related to all types of our troops.
• BROWN It is used to mark roads, routes, and convoy routes of our troops, to fill in the zones of application of bacteriological (biological) weapons, and to mark the outer border of the zone of radioactive contamination of V.
• GREEN is used to designate the outer border of the zone of radioactive contamination by B.
• YELLOW it is used to fill the zone of chemical contamination.

All inscriptions are made in upright or oblique standard drawing font. Direct font is used for the title of the card and the signatures of officials. In other cases, an italic font is used (angle of inclination 75 degrees). Italic capital letters are used for service headings and signatures, as well as at the beginning of a sentence and for abbreviations. Lowercase letters are used to write legends, explanatory inscriptions and a large number of abbreviations. All inscriptions are made horizontally only. Vertical or oblique inscriptions are not allowed.

The size of the inscriptions should be proportional to the scale of the map and commensurate with the significance of the unit. The table shows the sizes of the inscriptions depending on the scale of the map and the unit (the size of the shoift in full size). The font size for designating smaller units, individual objects, explanatory inscriptions cannot be larger than the font size for the platoon.

Drawings of the tactical signs of our troops are always directed towards the enemy and vice versa. The exception is anti-aircraft weapons, which are always directed towards the top edge of the map.

If the tactical mark is clearly larger in size than the true size of the object on the map scale, then the center of the tactical mark is considered to be the location of the object on the ground (for flags, the lower part of the flag rod, for arrows, the front end of the arrow).

Control centers and communication facilities

The control room of the shelf is in place. KP inscription means - command post, TPU - rear control post. The inscription inside the flag is the shelf number.

Battalion control point. The inscription 1/10 MSR means 1 battalion of the 10th motorized rifle regiment.

The same in motion.

1- The command and observation post of the company commander is in place. 2- BMP of the company commander (respectively, the armored personnel carrier, the tank of the company commander are designated. A tactical sign of this type of equipment and two dashes are put. The platoon commander has one dash.

Observation post of the 10th motorized rifle regiment. If there is a letter inside the sign, then this means that the NP is specialized (A-artillery, I-engineering, X-chemical, B-air surveillance, T-technical). In artillery, special forces, the badge is black.

Traffic control post (P-traffic controller, checkpoint-checkpoint, KTP-checkpoint.

Communication center. 1- field movable. 2- stationary

Radio. 305 - receiver brand.

Radio station. 1-movable, 2-wearable. 3- tank

Mobile radio relay station

Reconnaissance radar station. 1- air targets. 2 ground targets.

Radio network of wearable stations.

Radio direction of mobile stations.

March, reconnaissance and security

1-foot column of troops. Regiment with number designation, battalion with three dashes, company with two dashes, platoon with one dash, squad without dashes.

2. A column of troops on equipment. Here is 2 msr on the BMP. if there is a tank column, then the icon of the tank, if the column is an armored personnel carrier, then the icon of an armored personnel carrier, etc.

1- Column of special troops. The fifth engineer battalion is here.

2-Column of an artillery battalion (battery - two dashes, platoon - one dash, a separate gun on the march - the arrow is shorter and without dashes

The head marching outpost as part of the first motorized rifle company on the BMP, reinforced by the first platoon of the second tank company (BPZ - side marching outpost, TPZ - rear.

A mobile detachment of obstacles of the 10th motorized rifle regiment.

Column of a rear support platoon (wob), if the company is mate. ensuring that the inscription - rmob, battalion obmob

Column of technical closure of the battalion (P-regiment).

Reconnaissance detachment.

Sentinel department on BMP

Combat reconnaissance patrol of the 2nd tank battalion by 9:00 on November 15. (ORD - separate reconnaissance dozor, RD - reconnaissance dozor, OFRD - officer razved.dozor, IRD - engineering razved.watch, KRD - chemical reconnaissance dozor), Color of the sign according to the type of troops.

Foot patrol.

Foot patrol of the 7th tank company and its patrol route

1 platoon of reconnaissance company 10 motorized rifle regiment in search (raid)

1 platoon of the 9th tank company in ambush.

The location and actions of units

The area (section of terrain) occupied by the unit. Here is the 3rd motorized rifle battalion. An inscription indicating the unit is required, the tactical sign of the unit's equipment is optional. The sign is large-scale, on the map it covers the entire area occupied by the unit. A broken line indicates that the area is slated for occupation by the unit. The letter "L" indicates that this is a false area.

An area occupied by a unit whose tactical color is black. Here is the area of ​​the 5th engineer battalion.

The direction of the unit's offensive.

The immediate task of the unit. Here, 1 is the common sign of a battalion (as indicated by three dashes on the arrow), 2 is a battalion on an infantry fighting vehicle. If the battalion or company or platoon is tank, then the badges of tanks, if on the armored personnel carrier, then the badges of the armored personnel carrier, if the battalion is on foot, then badge No. 1 is used. The badge is large-scale!

Follow-up task. Here 1 is the general sign of the battalion, 2 is the sign of the tank battalion. The sign is large-scale!

The position (milestone) reached by the unit by a certain time. The sign is large-scale.

Machine-gun platoon in battle formation. Below is the general sign of the battalion and company on the BMP. The sign is large-scale.

The boundary of a probable meeting with the enemy.

Initial line (regulation line, line of entry into battle of the second echelon, etc.)

Front (line) occupied by subdivisions. The line of contact with the enemy

Deployment line in battalion columns (company - two lines, platoon - one line)

The turn of the transition to the attack. 1-common sign, 2-motorized rifle units.

The dismounting line of motorized rifle units

The firing line of a tank unit. Here is the third line of fire of the third tank battalion.

Anti-tank unit deployment line

Mining line.

Tactical airborne assault landing area. Here is the second battalion of the third motorized rifle regiment. disembarkation is expected at 9.00 on July 10. If the fact of the landing has come true, then the line is solid.

Helicopter landing site.

Area and points of amphibious assault landing.

The division is stopped at this line.

Withdrawal of the unit from the occupied line.

Dividing line between shelves

dividing line between battalions.

Line (position) not occupied by subdivisions.

The location of the unit in defense.

1- general sign, 2- motorized rifle unit.

Place of capture of the prisoner. Here a soldier of the 2nd battalion of the 26th infantry regiment of the 19th mech. Division was captured at 5.00 on 12 August.

Place of confiscation of documents of the killed.

Weapons of mass destruction and protection against them

Nuclear strike planned by us. 015 - target number, 1/5 ordn - the first battery of the fifth cancer division. -40 - ammunition power 40 kilotons, B - air explosion. "H + 1.10 is the time of the explosion.

Safe removal line (projections towards the explosion).

The area of ​​destruction from the explosion of the enemy. The inner ring is a zone of continuous destruction, then - a zone of solid blockages, weak destruction; the outer ring is the zone of neutron impact on the openly located personnel.

Fire area and direction of fire spread.

The place of a nuclear explosion produced by the enemy, indicating the type of explosion, power and time and the zone of radioactive contamination. The direction and size of the zones are scaled

Measurement point of the radiation level with indication of the level. time and date of infection.

An enemy nuclear mine with an indication of the charge power, the depth of placement and the time of detection.

Field of chemical landmines.

The area contaminated with toxic substances and the direction of displacement of the OM cloud.

Bioweapon contamination site.

Small arms and artillery

Light machine gun

Machine gun

Hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher

Automatic grenade launcher

Anti-aircraft missile system.

Anti-aircraft machine gun mount

Anti-tank grenade launcher

Wearable anti-tank missile systems (ATGM). Here 1 - ATGM anti-tank machine gun platoon, 2 - ATGM anti-tank platoon.

Flamethrowers. Here 1-jet light, 2-jet heavy.

Anti-tank gun. 1-general designation, 2- up to 85mm, 3- up to 100mm, 4- more than 100mm.

A gun. 1- general designation, 2- up to 100mm, 3- up to 152mm, 4- more than 152mm.

Howitzer. 1- general designation, 2- up to 122mm., 3- up to 155mm., 4- more than 155mm.

Howitzer with a caliber over 155mm., Firing nuclear weapons.

Self-propelled howitzer. Here the caliber is up to 122 mm.

Rocket artillery combat vehicle. 1-general designation. 2- medium caliber.

Mortar. 1 - general designation, 2 - small caliber, 3 - medium caliber, 4 - large caliber.

Anti-aircraft gun. 1-general designation. 2-small caliber, 3-medium caliber.

Self-propelled anti-aircraft installation. 1- without radar, 2- with radar.

Fighting vehicle of the anti-aircraft missile system. The design of the sign depends on the type of the base vehicle, the icon inside depends on the type of rocket.

Anti-aircraft missile launcher. 1-short-range. 2-short range, 3- medium range. The sign in the circle is the Zen.PU battery.

The area of ​​the firing positions of the artillery division. Here is the first division of the 12th artillery regiment. The signs of the batteries are off-scale, the area is large-scale.

The firing position of the battery is 100mm. guns.

Firing position of the mortar battery

Separate goal. 28 is the target number. The blue mark inside the circle is the location of the enemy's firearm.

Areas of concentration of fire. The numbers are the CO numbers. Large-scale signs.

Single fixed obstruction light with indication of its code name.

Deep fixed barrage on three lines with the indication of the code name Co and the numbers of the lines.

Single movable obstruction light with indication of its code name and line numbers.

Double movable barrage

Sequential concentration of fire, indicating the conditional names of the lines and target numbers (solid lines are the lines at which it is planned to fire simultaneously; with a double PSO, solid lines connect targets on two lines, with a triple line on three lines and large-scale target areas.

Massive fire with indication of its code name and section numbers.

The firing rampart with indication of the conventional names of the lines, sections for divisions and their numbers, and the numbers of intermediate lines.

Boundary line of the firing sector

The boundary line of the additional shelling sector.

Concentrated fire from a motorized rifle company (SO-1 - sector number, 1,2,3 - platoon sector numbers.

The line of barrage of fire of a grenade launcher platoon with the marking of its number and sections of the lights of the squads.

Armored vehicles, cars and helicopters

Tank. 1- general designation, 2- battalion commander's tank, 3- amphibious tank, 4- flamethrower tank

Tank with a complex of anti-tank weapons.

Tank and BMP with a mine sweep

Tank with BTU

Tank with STU

Combat reconnaissance vehicle and combat reconnaissance patrol vehicle (BRDM)

Car and car with trailer

1-tank tractor, 2-track tractor, 3-car tractor

Motorcycle

Ambulance car

Helicopter. 1- general designation, 2-combat, 3- transport.

Engineering equipment and structures

Tank bridgelayer

Tracked amphibious transporter

Self-propelled tracked ferry (ferry-bridge vehicle).

Engineering vehicles on a wheelbase (Here is a heavy mechanized bridge TMM)

Engineering vehicles on a tracked base (Here BAT).

Pontoon-bridge park with a description of its type.

A trench for a motorized rifle unit with a blocked gap

Trench with the passage of the message.

The gun is in the trench. The color of the trench mark by type of troops. (the same sign for all mobile fire weapons)

Open-type observation structure (closed type with a black filled triangle.

Vehicle cover (vehicle icon by type)

Shelter indicating the degree of protection and capacity

Open slit

Closed gap

Escarp (counterscarp) indicating the length.

Unobtrusive wire fence (spiral, net on low posts.

Anti-tank ditch with indication of the length.

Nadolby indicating the type, number of rows and length.

The mined blockage with an indication of the length.

Wire fence (number of lines - number of rows).

section of hedgehog barriers indicating the number of rows and length

Anti-tank minefield

Anti-personnel minefield (a mixed minefield is indicated by alternating open and filled circles)

Minefields established by means of remote mining.

1-unguided land mine, 2- radio-controlled land mine, 3-land mine, controlled by wires.

Passage through barriers with indication of number and width.

The bridge destroyed by the enemy

A section of the road destroyed by the enemy, indicating the extent of the destruction.

Amphibious crossing with an indication of the number and type of landing craft.

Crossing of tanks under water indicating 3-depth, 180-width of the river, 40-width of the route, P-character of the bottom, 0.8- current speed.

Ferry crossing with indication of the number of ferries, their carrying capacity and the type of fleet

Ferry crossing of three GSP ferries and 3 ferries of 40 tons each and from PMM cars.

Rigid Supported Bridge. H-low-water 120m long, 4m wide. and with a carrying capacity of 60 tons.

Pontoon bridge 120 m long, carrying capacity 60 tons from the PMP park

The ford is 0.8 m deep, the width of the river is 120 m, the bottom is solid, the current speed is 0.5 m per second.

Ice crossing number five for cargoes of 60 tons.

Subdivisions of technical support and rear, and their facilities

Collection point for damaged cars. P-regimental, 1- his number, bt- for armored vehicles

Repair and evacuation group on the armored personnel carrier. P-regimental, bt - for armored vehicles.

Regimental warehouse. G - fuel, 10tp - 10th tank regiment.

Regiment medical station.

Battalion medical station.

Medical post of the company

Shooter-orderly.

Ambulance transport post

Refueling point for fuel and lubricants of the battalion

Battalion ammunition point

Company ammunition station

Service point on the route. Г-ГСМ.

Combined arms units and subunits

• Motorized rifleman. regiment, battalion, company, platoon, squad - msv, msb, msr, msv, mso
• Tank regiment, battalion, company, platoon- tp, tb, tr, tv
• Machine gun and artillery battalion, company pulab, pular
• Airborne battalion, company, platoon- pdb, pdr, pdv
• Air assault battalion, company, platoon dshb, dshr, dshv
• Reconnaissance company, platoon, detachment- pp, rv, ro
• Machine gun company, platoon, squad pulr, pulv, pulo
• Anti-tank platoon ptv
• Grenade platoon, squad gv, go
• Anti-tank machine gun platoon ptpool

Artillery units and subunits

• Artillery regiment, battalion, battery- ap, adn, batr
• Self-propelled artillery battalion, battery sadn, sabatr
• Anti-tank guided missile battery Batr ATGM
• Mortar battery, platoon minbatr, minv
• Platoon control woo

Air defense units and subdivisions

• Anti-aircraft missile battery, platoon, squad - zrbatr, zrv, zro
• Anti-aircraft artillery battery, platoon, squad - zabatr, head, zo
• Anti-aircraft missile and artillery battery zrabotr
• Battery, platoon of self-propelled anti-aircraft installations Batr ZSU, vzv. ZSU

Special Forces Units

• Engineer-sapper company, platoon, detachment isr, isv, iso
• Engineering assault company, platoon, squad ishr, ishv, isho
• Airborne company pdesr
• Pontoon company, platoon Mon, Mon
• Platoon, branch of tracked amphibious transporters ex. GPT, dep. GPT
• Platoon, compartment of tracked self-propelled ferries - ex. GSP, dep. SHG
• Branch of bridgelayers dep. MTU
• Company, chemical protection platoon- rhz, vhz
• Platoon, department of radiation and chemical reconnaissance- vrhr, orhr
• Platoon, department of special treatment- vso, eso
• Flamethrower platoon, squad ov, oo
• Company, platoon, post office pc, sun, os
• Commandant company, platoon cr, sq.

Subdivisions of technical support and logistics

• Separate battalion, logistics company - obmo, rmo
• Automobile company, platoon, squad avtr, avtv, auto
• Repair company remr
• Maintenance platoon, department host, host
• Supply platoon, supply platoon wob, vn
• Maintenance department oto

Control points

• Command post- KP
• Rear command post TPU
• Command and observation post KNP
• Reserve command post - ZKP
• Observation post- NP
• Air observation post - PVN
• Artillery observation post ANP
• Technical supervision point PTN
• Engineering Observation Post INP

General purpose terminology

• Vanguard (rearguard) - Av (Ar)
• Bacteriological (biological) weapons BO
• Bacteriological (biological) infection BZ
• Battalion refueling point - BZP
• Fighting machine- BM
• Infantry fighting vehicle- BMP
• Combat reconnaissance vehicle BRM
• Combat reconnaissance patrol vehicle- BRDM
• Side marching outpost- BPZ
• Armored personnel carrier Armored personnel carrier
• Combat kit bq.
• Explosives- BB
• Height- h.
• Head marching outpost- GPP
• Head watch- DG
• Diesel fuel- DT
• Long-term firing structure (long-term fortification) - DOS (DFS)
• Incendiary weapons (incendiary means) - ZZhO (ZZhS)
• Refueling request
• Protection against weapons of mass destruction ZOMP
• Zone of radioactive, chemical, bacteriological (biological) contamination - ZRZ, 3X3, ZBZ
• Self-propelled anti-aircraft installation ZSU
• Starting line (starting point) - ref. p-f, (out.p.)
• Kiloton- kt
• Command vehicle KShM
• Set- set
• Commander of the 1st motorized rifle, 2nd tank battalion- kmsb-1, ktb-2
• Commander of the 1st motorized rifle, 2nd tank company kmsr-1, ktr-2
• Commander of the 1st motorized rifle, 2nd tank platoon- Kmsv-1, ktv-2
• Mine-explosive obstacle- Cost center
• Regiment medical station WFP
• Battalion medical station BCH
• Company medical post MNR
• Emergency ration- NZ
• Irreducible stock NSZ
• Firing position- OP
• Outskirts env.
• Poisonous substances (persistent toxic substances, unstable toxic substances) - 0V (COB, NOV)
• Mark- mark
• Separate- dep.
• Forward detachment ON
• Movable detachment of obstacles POZ
• Field refueling point - PPP
• Consistent concentration of fire PSO
• Enemy- avenue
• Air defense (anti-tank defense) - Air defense (PTO)
• Anti-personnel minefield PPMP
• Anti-tank minefield PTMP
• Anti-tank reserve PTrez.
• Radioactive contamination RZ
• Radioactive substances PB
• Radiation and chemical reconnaissance RHR
• Reconnaissance detachment- RO
• Dividing line clearing lines
• Radio network (radio direction) - r / s (r / n)
• District- rn
• Repair and evacuation group (repair group) - REG (Rem. G)
• Regulation line (regulation point) - pg per. (p. per.)
• Collection point for damaged cars SPPM
• Guard detachment (outpost, outpost) - Art.O (Art.Z, Art.P)
• North, South, East, West- north., south., east., west.
• North-west, north-east, west, south-east, south-west- north-west, north-east, south-east, south-west.
• Focused Fire- CO
• Daily cottage s / d
• Tactical airborne assault Tact. VD
• Tank bridgelayer MTU
• Rear marching outpost - TPZ
• Communication node mustache
• Fortified area- SD
• Chemical Observation Post KhNP
• Chemical contamination HZ
• Chemical weapon- XO
• Chemical land mine HF
• Nuclear weapon- YAO
• Nuclear mine
• NM Nuclear mine fence- YaMZ

Selected local subjects

	Plants, factories and mills with pipes, expressed (1) or not expressed (2) on the scale of the map
Tower-type capital structures	Light type towers	Power plants
Transformer booths	Points of the state geodetic network	Aerodromes and hydro aerodromes
Watermills and sawmills	Windmills	Wind turbines
Plants, factories and mills without pipes: 1) expressed in the scale of the map; 2) not expressed in the scale of the map.	Radio stations and television centers	Radio masts and television masts
Fuel warehouses and gas tanks	Separate trees with landmarks: 1) conifers; 2) deciduous	Separate groves with meaningful landmarks
Narrow forest strips and protective forest stands	Narrow strips of shrubs and hedges	Separate bushes
Communication lines	Mounds, height in meters	Outlier rocks
Power lines on metal or reinforced concrete supports	Pits, depth in meters	Clusters of stones
Power lines on wooden poles	Meteorological stations	Separate stones, height in meters
Onshore oil pipelines and pumping stations	Open pit mining sites	Peat mining
Underground oil pipelines	Churches	Monuments, monuments, mass graves
Stone, brick walls	Dams and shafts	Foresters' houses

Roads

Three-track railways, semaphores and traffic lights, turntables	Highway: 5-width of the covered part, 8-width of the entire road from ditch to ditch in meters, B-material of the pavement
Double track railways and stations	Improved dirt roads (8-carriageway width in meters)
Single track railways, sidings, platforms and stopping points	Dirt roads
Electrified railways: 1) three-track; 2) double-track; 3) single-track	Field and forest roads
Narrow gauge railways and stations on them	Hiking trails
Freeways, embankments	Fascinated sections of roads, gats and rowing
Improved highways, notches	Crossings: 1) under the railway; 2) over the railway; 3) on the same level

Hydrography

Small rivers and streams	The banks are steep: 1) without a beach; 2) with a beach that does not end on the scale of the map
Canals and ditches	Lakes: 1) fresh; 2) salted; 3) bitter-salty
Wooden bridges Metal bridges Stone and reinforced concrete bridges	Characteristics of bridges: K-building material (K-stone, M-metal, RC-reinforced concrete, D-wooden); 8-height above water level (on navigable rivers); 370-length of the bridge, 10-width of the carriageway in meters; 60-tonne lifting capacity
Water edge marks Arrows showing the direction of the flow of rivers (0.2-flow rate in m / sec.)	Characteristics of rivers and canals: 170-width, 1.7-depth in meters, P-character of the bottom soil Pier Brody: 1.2-depth, 180-length in meters, T-nature of the soil, 0.5-current speed in m / s.
Dams: K-material of the structure, 250-length, 8-width of the dam at the top in meters; in the numerator is the mark of the upper water level, in the denominator is the lower	Gateways Ferries: 195-width of the river, 4x3-dimensions of the ferry in meters, 8-carrying capacity in meters
Ground water pipes	Wells
Underground water pipes	Sources (keys, springs)

The system of basic conventional symbols used in graphic documents of peacetime and wartime tactical level Part 4 "Motorized rifle battalion" -

The procedure for the formation of a combat graphic document. Fire card of a motorized rifle squad when planning offensive actions. Situation conditions: COMBAT ACTIVITIES. Type of military action - OFFENSIVE -

SYMBOLS FOR TOPOGRAPHIC PLANS -

In general, when hunting, you also need a certain tactic similar to the one that will be described in this article. And you don't need to buy firearms for hunting, just take a pistol-type ballets and start hunting. In general, it is more convenient and pleasant. Also, this kind of crossbow can be used for ordinary sports purposes - target shooting.

Reading 4 min.

The spine symbolizes the flexible support of life. A woman came to my appointment with a recent spinal fracture. When we began to find out the subconscious causes of the trauma, she said: - You know, doctor, I have never felt support from my husband. - Support in what? - I asked her. - Well, you know that a woman always wants to feel support in a man. And I did not feel it. I had the feeling that he did not love me, but only lived with me because of the children. Yes, and there was not much material support. Very often, fear for money, for their material well-being leads to problems with the lower back.

Back and spinal problems reflect a lack of support and support in life. You perceive life as an unbearable burden, as a constant transfer of life's hardships. The back is a symbol of the support of life... The spine symbolizes the flexible support of life.

A woman came to my appointment with a recent spinal fracture. When we began to investigate the subconscious causes of the injury, she said:

You know, doctor, I have never felt any support from my husband.

Support for what? I asked her.

Well, you know that a woman always wants to feel a support in a man. And I did not feel it. I had the feeling that he did not love me, but only lived with me because of the children. Yes, and there was not much material support.

Very often, fear for money, for their material well-being leads to problems with the lower back.

Recently I went to visit my friend.

Listen, - he asks me, - today he pulls the lower back all day, gives in the leg. What is the reason for this?

You have some worries about money, I tell him.

Exactly! I handed over a large sum of money this morning and I don’t know if it will be returned to me or not.

When people come to me with osteochondrosis of the spine, you can often hear the following phrases from them:

I put it all on my shoulders.

I take on too much in my life.

This is an unbearable burden for me.

I have a feeling that my son sat on my shoulders and dangled his legs.

This is my "cross", and I must carry it through my whole life.

A young woman is sitting in front of me. The reason that made her see a doctor is back pain.

Doctor, I have been pulling everyone and everything on me all my life. I earn more than my husband, and therefore I am considered a “breadwinner” and a “breadwinner”. I also help my parents. And I also have my own "cross" in my life. This is my brother who is disabled. I help him too. If you knew how tired I am, how I want to throw off this heavy burden. Help me! Teach me to take care of my loved ones with a sense of joy and lightness.

I believe that we should joyfully endure all the vicissitudes of life. After all, only our attitude towards life turns it into a burden. And therefore, before taking on other people's problems on your own shoulders, deal with your life first. Innovate your worldview: learn to see how life cares for you and supports you.

I felt for myself how, as I took responsibility for my world, my life became much easier. A heavy burden of guilt, resentment, criticism and condemnation has been lifted off my shoulders.

We turned to the subconscious of a patient who had recently severely sprained ankle ligaments.

"What positive intention did you want for me to fulfill with the help of this trauma?" - we asked his subconscious.

“I care about your safety,” the patient received a mental response.

It turns out that on the eve of the injury, the man had to conclude a deal with one firm for a large amount of money. He had doubts about the legality of this deal, but he still decided to go. And now, already leaving his house, he stumbled on the steps and twisted his leg. The trauma forced him to stay at home that day.

And you know, a week later this company burst, - the patient reported. - But somehow I did not connect these two events. Although I was glad that I was carried away. But why did my subconscious choose this painful way of caring for me?

Probably, they did not understand in an amicable way.

That's for sure. Even when I met these people, I already had a premonition of something bad, but I did not pay attention to it.

Valery Sinelnikov "Love your disease"

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