Emergency rescue center and its main function. Monopoly revenue. Emergencies Ministry has banned the private rescue service in Yekaterinburg

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Search and rescue operations in emergency situations

Subtitles

Types of rescue services

• military mss
• aerial MSS

• parachute rescue service

• canine PSS
• marine MSS
• ground MSS

• mountain PSS
• PSS in the deserts

Standards

Organization of service in different countries of the world

Russia

In 1923, a Special Purpose Underwater Expedition (EPRON) was created in the USSR. Until 1931, it was under the jurisdiction of the OGPU, in 1931 it was transferred to the NKPS, in 1936 - to the People's Commissariat of Water Transport, in 1939 - to the People's Commissariat navy... EPRON has become a powerful specialized monopoly organization for rescue, ship-lifting and diving operations. He had his services in the Black, Baltic, Barents, White and Caspian Seas, as well as in Vladivostok. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War EPRON was reorganized into the Emergency Rescue Service (ACC) of the Navy.

By order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of August 23, 1956, No. 5128-r, the execution of ship-lifting and underwater-technical work for national economic purposes for all civilian departments was transferred to the Ministry of the USSR Navy. These functions were to be carried out by the Main Directorate of Sea Routes, Ship-lifting and Underwater-Technical Works (Glavmorput MMF), which began to create, on January 1, 1957, appropriate divisions in all sea basins as part of the basin organizations of the sea routes. From the ACC of the Navy of the Main Sea Route of the MMF, auxiliary floating facilities and diving equipment were transferred.

Then, in the Black Sea, Baltic, Murmansk, North, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Far Eastern and Caspian shipping companies, teams of rescue, ship-lifting and underwater technical operations (EO ASPTR) were created, acting on the economic account, which were assigned the functions of performing emergency rescue operations and responsibility for rescuing people at sea. In 1972, the All-Union Association "Sovsudopolyem" was created in Minmorflot, which functionally subordinated all the units of the ASTTR. In 1982, VO Sovsudopolyem was abolished with the distribution of its functions between VO "Seafare" and VO "Morstroyzagranpostavka". In 1988, under the Minmorflot, the State Marine Rescue Coordination Center (GMSCC) and the corresponding centers and sub-centers on the country's sea basins were established. In 1991, the USSR State Marine Rescue Service was created with subordination of basin emergency departments to it. After the collapse of the USSR, this structure became the basis of the State Marine Rescue Service of Russia, which in 1992 entered the system of organizations of the Ministry of Transport of Russia.

Poland

Marine Search and Rescue Service (Polish. Morska Służba Poszukiwania i Ratownictwa ) was established in Poland on December 24, 2001 by the Order of the Minister of Infrastructure “On the Activities of the Maritime Search and Rescue Service” in accordance with the Law of November 9, 2000 “On Safety at Sea”.

25.09.2006 Yekaterinburg lost its own rescue service. The Sverdlovsk regional department of the Ministry of Emergency Situations has banned the employees of the SOVA company from saving lives. For a city with a population of over one million, what happened is a real sensation, because this very service was perceived by the majority of Yekaterinburg residents as a direct analogue of the American "911". Even her phone number was like that. For ten years "Owl" has saved more than seven thousand people. The recognition of the townspeople also contributed to the official recognition - recently, the commercial structure received its own line in the budget of Yekaterinburg. But now the dispatchers of the service will be forced to refuse all requests for help and send those who applied to government agencies.
Rescue services are certified every three years. For "Owl" the time to take the exam came in August 2006. Deputy Head of the Main Directorate of the EMERCOM of Russia for Sverdlovsk region Sergey Kucherov explains that the certification should ensure the safety of the victims, avoid cases of harm during the rescue. The procedure consists of two parts: checking the level of personnel training and technical equipment. "Owl" could not pass the exam - the previously identified violations were not eliminated.
The Ministry of Emergency Situations does not hide the fact that they were dissatisfied with the activities of "Owls" for a long time: in the spring, when a house collapsed in Kollektivnoye Lane, civil servants were surprised to find that "Owl" was also working on the ruins. This was a direct violation of the terms of the license - it is prohibited for a private structure to carry out such work. Her powers are limited to driving out to road accidents, evacuating victims and providing the first medical care... At the same time, the employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations are not at all embarrassed by the fact that the "Owl" was at the site of the collapse of the house earlier than government services... They are convinced that at that moment the risk was unjustified, since there was a threat to the life of the employees of SOVA.
In "Sova" itself, the statement of the leadership of the regional administration was heard with surprise. Oleg Pechersky, deputy director of Sova, says the law allows the service to work if more than half of its employees have been certified. In the case of "Owl", the required proportion was met, but for some unknown reason, the Ministry of Emergency Situations decided to conduct a general certification of the detachment, as a result of which the service employees turned out to be unfit for professional use. The “Owl” was also surprised by the timing of the inspection - they are just preparing documents for passing the certification. “We have sent a letter to the Emergencies Ministry, but we have not yet received an answer, so we cannot say that our license was taken away,” Yevgeny Ilyubaev, press secretary of the service, comments on the situation.
He claims that SOVA continues to operate as before. The Ministry of Emergency Situations warns that if violations are registered, the company's management will have to answer for this in court. At the same time, state rescuers claim that they are ready for working together and once a private company has rectified all violations, no one will stop it from applying for a new certificate. Whether it will be issued is still difficult to say: there is too much unofficial information about uneasy relationship Ministry of Emergency Situations and "Owls". It is known that the representatives of the ministry, although they do justice to the efficiency of their colleagues from private company, but they are unhappy with the way SOVA treats the qualifications of its employees. At a meeting of the relevant committee of the city duma, the deputies were informed that often "SOVA" not only saved, but also promoted its main product - radio security systems. The parliamentarians immediately demanded to check how the money from the budget was spent. However, the city administration itself is counting on an early end to the conflict. / Vremya.ru /

Like any other organization, the Emergency Rescue Center of the EMERCOM of Russia has a number of services provided to the population. Most often, enterprises with increased danger are contacted, since it is most critical for them how quickly the fire and emergency rescue team will arrive at the scene. The rescue center of the Ministry of Emergency Situations must respond as quickly as possible in order to avoid human casualties or an increase in the scale of the emergency. In order to distribute the workload to the rescue center, there are several divisions. The main ones are:

1. Fire and Rescue Center. Takes part in extinguishing fires, keeping proper equipment in order.
2. Search and Rescue Center. Most often, it is necessary in cases of a collapse or disappearance of a person in difficult territories.

It is important to note that sometimes emergencies affect not only the health and life of people, but also the safety of the ecological situation. That is why the center for rescue and environmental operations is actively engaged not only in eliminating the incident itself, but also its consequences, including for environment... For example, an oil spill can cause irreparable damage if it is not cleaned up and treated in time.

What are the functions of the Russian Emergencies Ministry's Rescue Center?

The asset also includes an expeditionary detachment to perform emergency rescue operations, which is engaged in the study of territories and analysis of their conditions. Such an emergency rescue team can also search for missing people, which is especially important if the incident was accompanied by landslides or major damage, due to which people could find themselves in hopeless situation... A timely search can save a person's life. No matter how reliable, modern and multifunctional the equipment is, the rescue team plays a huge role in the entire complex of measures taken. The effectiveness of the work carried out, as well as the speed of eliminating a dangerous situation, depends on the professionalism of the rescuers. That is why it is imperative to choose a rescue center with the utmost care. It depends on him:

• correct training of personnel;
• clear coordination of actions;
• field condition of the technical park;
• condition of auxiliary equipment.

What is a rescue operations center?

The ASC of this type is an operational-tactical association that solves the tasks of state protection, as well as the protection of people and territories in cases of emergencies of a natural or man-made nature. The center, among other things, deals with the supply of humanitarian cargo, first aid and disinfection of premises and territories. The rescue team itself must always pursue the principles of humanism, mercy, as well as justified risk, since, first of all, it is aimed at saving lives, not material values.

Rescue center: guaranteed reliability

Our rescue service center - the Emergency Center for Emergency Situations - was created on the basis of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia within the framework of special program... That is why we can offer Better conditions for clients. An impressive fleet of modern emergency rescue equipment will allow you to quickly and efficiently solve any problem that has arisen. Each piece of equipment is fully consistent with its characteristics, and our masters make sure that any malfunction is immediately eliminated. Due to this, the equipment is always ready to go and is on standby, which allows you to save precious time in cases of emergency. Since our Rescue Operations Center (CERC) always coordinates the team's actions clearly, the rescue team can perform their functions with maximum efficiency. The high professionalism of the team, combined with the competent management of the rescue center, makes it possible to eliminate any incident, as well as significantly reduce its consequences.

Our rescue center has received calls about a variety of emergencies in industries, forestry, as well as oil spills and other equally dangerous situations. By contacting us, our clients are guaranteed to receive:

• quality service;
• services of a team of professionals with extensive experience;
• a park of modern rescue equipment;
• timely arrival of the rescue team;
• an integrated approach to solving the problem;
• elimination of consequences for the environment.

In the list of cities where our fire and rescue center operates, Moscow is far from the only one locality... We undertake all types of rescue operations throughout the country.

The search and rescue service (PSS) of the EMERCOM of Russia was established in accordance with the Government's decree Russian Federation dated July 28, 1992 No. 528 on the basis of tourist and mountaineering rescue services, points and centers that were previously under the jurisdiction of the Federation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia. PSS EMERCOM of Russia is a set of command and control bodies, forces and means intended for carrying out search and rescue operations in conditions emergencies natural and technogenic character. MSS EMERCOM of Russia is part of the permanent readiness forces of the federal level RSChS.

The Russian Emergencies Ministry's search and rescue service includes:

8 regional search and rescue squads (RPSO), including 35 search and rescue teams (PSO) - branches of the RPSO, 11 of which search and rescue people on water bodies;

Baikal PSO of central subordination;

Federal government agency State Central Airmobile Rescue Team Tsentrospas (Tsentrospas branch in Tuapse and search and rescue subdivision in Moscow);

Federal State Institution "Emergency Rescue Service for Special Purpose Underwater Operations" (GOSAKVASPAS) with branches at Pacific(Nakhodka), Baltic (Baltiysk), White (Arkhangelsk), and Black (Gelendzhik) seas.

PSFs carry out their activities under the leadership of the EMERCOM of Russia through the regional centers of the EMERCOM of Russia in cooperation with the main departments of the EMERCOM of Russia for the subjects. The composition and structure of the PSS PSS EMERCOM of Russia is determined by the EMERCOM of Russia and the regional centers of the EMERCOM of Russia within the competence.

The main tasks of the PSF PSS EMERCOM of Russia are:

maintaining constant readiness of the command and control bodies, forces and means of the PSF to perform tasks as intended;

control over the readiness of the serviced facilities and territories to carry out work on them to eliminate emergency situations;

organization and conduct of search and rescue operations in natural and man-made emergencies.

In order to solve these tasks of the PSF PSS EMERCOM of Russia: create the necessary material and technical base; develop operational documents on the organization and conduct of search and rescue operations in accordance with the mission; carry out training, retraining, advanced training of staff members of the PSF PSS EMERCOM of Russia; prepare rescuers and rescue workers for certification for emergency rescue operations; carry out measures for the rehabilitation, social and legal protection of employees of the PSF PSS EMERCOM of Russia and their family members; exchange experience of work with others, including international rescue services and units; participate in the development of bodies executive power of the subjects of the Russian Federation of plans for the prevention and elimination of emergency situations, in the training of rescuers of public emergency rescue teams (rescuers-public figures), in the preparation of the population for actions in emergency situations.

The main formation of the search and rescue service of the EMERCOM of Russia is the Regional Search and Rescue Detachment (RRSO). The number of RPSO mainly depends on the number of subordinate branches and ranges from 200 to 900 people. Depending on the place of deployment and purpose, the structure of the RPSO may change. So, for example, the base Far Eastern RPSO consists of 5 search and rescue units of 17 people each, as well as parachute, diving, canine, pyrotechnic, emergency chemical units. In addition, this RPSO has 8 branches, with a total number of about 500 people.

The main types of work carried out by the RPSO are: the landing of rescuers into the emergency zone with the help of parachutes and rescue devices;

radiation and chemical control in emergency areas; unblocking of victims under the rubble of building structures, providing them with first aid; gas rescue work;

work on the elimination of emergency situations in mountainous and forest areas, on road, rail and air transport;

elimination of emergencies associated with the release of explosive and toxic substances into the environment;

carrying out emergency rescue operations in the water areas, including the elimination of the consequences of oil spills and other hazardous substances; rescue operations in areas of avalanches and mudflows; underwater technical (diving) work; localization and extinguishing of forest fires; blasting operations in the emergency zone, etc.

In the search and rescue operations of the PSS EMERCOM of Russia, specially trained dogs are widely used, which are available in canine crews as part of search and rescue teams, including search and rescue canine crews, mine search, security and patrol teams.

These calculations have successfully worked in the elimination of the consequences of the explosions of residential buildings in Moscow, earthquakes in Neftegorsk, Colombia, Turkey, India, Indonesia, tsunami in Sri Lanka and in many other emergencies.

The equipment of rescue teams has modern technical means that allow for emergency rescue operations in difficult conditions, such as:

hydraulic rescue tool - "Octopus", "Circle", "Bear" and "Ermak" (static action tool), "Bison" and "Beaver" (hydrodynamic action tool);

search devices for victims - acoustic devices (Peleng-1, TA-1), television systems (Sistema-1K, Sistema-IP), thermal imagers (PPT, TN-3, Rescuer), night vision devices (ONV-3, NNM, MNV-5, NB-3M), radar detector "Radar-1";

individual and group sets of mountaineering and speleological equipment;

diving equipment of a closed type and for work in an aggressive environment, oxygen and helium compressors, breathing apparatus "Omega", MSA, AUER;

remote-controlled underwater vehicles "SeaLion", "Gnome", "FALCON", autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles "Harpsichord-1R";

floating craft - motorboat "Stringer-550", speedboat (aerobot), hovercraft "Khivus-10", "Argo", boats "Mongoose", "Kalmar", "Sportis-7500", KS-701;

search and rescue vehicles "Bobr", snow and swamp vehicles on caterpillar tracks "Los", emergency rescue vehicles ASM-3308 "Sadko" diving equipment, resuscitation vehicles, etc .;

multifunctional airmobile complexes for providing emergency rescue operations, lighting systems "Light Tower";

helicopter-type aerial robotic systems, robotic unmanned aerial vehicles aircrafts Irkut-2M;

Il-76, Il-62M, An-74, Yak-42D aircraft, Be-200ChS multipurpose amphibious aircraft, Mi-26, Mi-8, Ka-32A, Bo-105, Bk-117 helicopters.

At present, the MSS EMERCOM of Russia has 7 rescuer training centers. During the period of the centers' activity, about 15 thousand people have undergone professional training.

PSS EMERCOM of Russia has a large training base. May 7, 1996 in the city of Noginsk, Moscow region was opened International Center training of rescuers. It was created under the auspices of the EMERCOM of Russia and the United Nations (UN) and became the head educational institution for training, retraining and advanced training of rescuers.

The first group of rescuers from the Far East, Transbaikal, West Siberian and Ural regional centers EMERCOM of Russia began its studies at the Center on October 1, 1996.

In 1998, the International Rescue Training Center became part of the 179th Rescue Center as the 40th Russian Center training of rescuers (RTSPS).

Base of the Baikal PSO (village Nikola)

The Rescuers Training Center is the basic educational institution of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia for the training, retraining and advanced training of rescuers of all classes working in the elimination of natural and man-made emergencies.

In 2004, on the basis of the Baikal PSO, a training center for rescuers "Baikal" was created. In the list of training rescue specialists, its priorities include the training of professional rescuers and divers of various classes, specialists in rescue operations.

In addition, ski and speleological training, training of drivers of small boats and even inspectors of the State Institute of Mechanical Engineering is carried out. For this, special classes are equipped, special equipment and equipment of the detachment is used.

Rescuer training center "Krasnaya Polyana"

In December 2005, the opening of the Krasnaya Polyana Rescuer Training Center of the Southern Regional Search and Rescue Unit of the EMERCOM of Russia took place. The center carries out mountain, speleological, ski

training of rescuers, prepares divers, rescuers-dog handlers, climbers, industrial climbers, navigators of small boats, sailors-rescuers, etc.

Vytegra training and rescue center EMERCOM of Russia

In May 2009, the largest in Russia scientific training and rescue center EMERCOM of Russia "Vytegra" was opened, located near Lake Onega in the Vytegorsky district Vologda region... This center was built taking into account the fact that fertilizers and oil products are transported along the Volgo-Baltic and White Sea-Baltic routes, which provide Negative influence on the environment. To assess the state of the environment, a laboratory has been created at the Center to monitor the state of the environment. The center is equipped with the most modern rescue equipment - hovercraft, fire extinguishing equipment and hydrocarbon spills.

In October 2011, the Ergaki Rescuers Training and Rehabilitation Center, located in the central part of the Western Sayan Mountains, began its work. Krasnoyarsk Territory... The center is intended for the education and practical training of rescuers from different regions- from the Urals to Of the Far East... In addition, his tasks include the implementation of work to prevent and eliminate various emergencies in the region, to ensure fire safety on the territory of the natural park "Ergaki" and adjacent territories.

In addition to the Center's staff rescuers, trainees are also involved in practical search and rescue operations in the event of emergencies in the service area, which significantly increases the Center's capabilities and contributes to instilling practical skills in trainees under the guidance of experienced instructors and teachers.

The center for training rescuers as part of the Far Eastern RPSO EMERCOM of Russia is successfully operating, and in November 2012 the Center for Diving Training and Deep-Sea Diving Operations of the Centrospas unit of the EMERCOM of Russia began its work in the village of Agoy on the outskirts of Tuapse.

Based Federal law dated 22.08.1995 No. 151 "On emergency services and the status of rescuers" PSF PSS EMERCOM of Russia have the right to: submit proposals to the appropriate civil defense and emergency situations management bodies on the implementation of urgent measures necessary to ensure the safety of the population; acquire, store and transport in the prescribed manner the means of giving signals during search and rescue, transportation, preventive work and training activities; carry out its activities for the maintenance of facilities 160

and territories on a contractual basis; receive complete and reliable information about emergency situations necessary for organizing work on their elimination; to carry out unhindered passage, priority provision of fuel and lubricants, as well as the priority implementation of repair work at service stations when proceeding to the place of work to eliminate emergency situations; to reimburse the costs of emergency response; carry out other activities in accordance with other acts of the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The forces of the MSS EMERCOM of Russia take an active part in the prevention and elimination of emergencies of various kinds. During the period from 1992 to 2012, the Russian Emergencies Ministry's FSPs took part in the elimination of 27,617 natural and man-made emergencies, including 412 humanitarian rescue operations abroad. 1,019,304 human lives saved.

Among the most ambitious work carried out with the participation of the FSF EMERCOM of Russia, one can note, for example, work on the elimination of the consequences of the earthquake in Neftegorsk, which occurred on May 27, 1995. 1642 people were involved in emergency rescue operations, the core of the group was 685 (42%) professional rescuers from Irkutsk, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, Chelyabinsk, Moscow. At first, search and rescue operations were carried out on "living" people, without the use of ground equipment, since the complete dismantling of debris in the existing conditions was unacceptable. This required a selective approach to tactics and methods of search and rescue of victims. During the first day, 258 people were removed from the rubble.

After 3 days for the purpose of additional reconnaissance and identification of living people in the rubble, for the first time in the practice of conducting search and rescue operations, the operation "Silence" began to be carried out, lasting about an hour and with a frequency of up to 4 times a day. Experienced rescuers were listening to the rubble, including with the use of Peleng-1 devices and stethoscopes. The work of search dogs turned out to be effective, good results were given by methods of dowsing detection of victims.

As it is not surprising, but the last living person was found and pulled out from under the ruins on the 7th day after the tragedy, when no one was counting on a miracle. Thanks to the dog of the rescuer V. Legoshin, Lyona owes his life to the last resident of Neftegorsk found. The idea of ​​using dogs in search arose back in 1988 when working after the earthquake in Armenia, where animals sometimes worked better than instruments. After Neftegorsk, a cynological detachment was created in Tsentrospas.

Search and evacuation of victims

As it is not surprising, but the last living person was found and pulled out from under the ruins on the 7th day after the tragedy, when no one was counting on a miracle. Thanks to the rescuer V. Legoshin's dog, the last found resident of Neftegorsk owes his life to Loy. The idea of ​​using dogs in search arose back in 1988 when working after the earthquake in Armenia, where animals sometimes worked better than instruments. After work in Neftegorsk, a canine team was created at the Russian Emergencies Ministry.

In total, 2,247 people (including 308 children) were removed from the rubble in Neftegorsk, in large part by rescuers, of which: 406 people were alive, including 40 children; killed 1841 people.

Often, Russian rescuers are involved in emergency rescue operations abroad. So in August 1999, as a result of a catastrophic earthquake in Turkey, about 20 thousand people died, the number of victims was about 50 thousand people. At the request of the Turkish crisis center, one of the first to arrive at the scene of the tragedy was a rescue squad from Russia, consisting of 47 people, including dog handlers with 3 dogs, a control group of 14 people, a mobile hospital VTsMK "Zashchita" with a staff of 14 people, as well as 3 units of special equipment, equipment, means of life support, a supply of water and food based on a ten-day autonomous stay of the detachment.

As a result of rescue operations carried out by Russian rescuers, 136 people were removed from the rubble in the first day and a half after the earthquake in Geldjuk, of which 72 were alive. This made up half of the living people recovered from the rubble by all rescuers (according to the UN, the total number of living people recovered was 147 people).

Doctors of the mobile hospital VTsMK "Zashchita" rendered assistance to 437 victims, including 302 adults, 77 children, 58 rescuers and personnel of emergency rescue teams.

One of the most effective forces of the MSS EMERCOM of Russia is the State Central Airmobile Rescue Team "Tsentrospas". It was formed by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 13, 1992 No. 154 and is intended for emergency response to various emergencies, including search and rescue and rescue operations in case of earthquakes, floods, man-made disasters.

From the beginning of the creation of the detachment, the basis of Tsentrospas was made up of rescuers who were already in to a large extent prepared and familiar with each other in joint rescue operations in various parts of the country, where they traveled as volunteers. Some served in fire brigades or other divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, worked for the ambulance, in the organizations of the Red Cross. Engineering and technical specialists came from scientific institutions and experimental design bureaus. At the time of the creation of the detachment, there were practically no instruments and equipment for rescue operations in Russia. They had to use mainly a crowbar, a sledgehammer and a shovel. However, thanks to the high technical qualifications of the employees who formed the basis of the engineering service, creative ties were established with designers and production workers in a number of industries. As a result, 57 years later, equipment appeared in Russia that could compete with the best foreign models.

Initially, the detachment consisted of only about 60 people and 5 services: search and rescue, engineering, logistics, motor transport, communications and information service. The detachment was headed by Mikhail Ivanovich Faleev, whose efforts created a favorable moral and psychological climate, formed traditions, the spirit of collectivism and high responsibility for the task entrusted.

Currently, the detachment is a permanent readiness formation; readiness to travel to the emergency zone is from 3 minutes (in emergency mode) to 3 hours (for federal and international emergencies).

The detachment consists of the following services: search and rescue, canine, medical, airmobile rescue technologies, communications, engineering, motor transport, software and information and logistics support, internships and advanced training, as well as an airmobile hospital.

In 1998, a diving service was created, and on April 1, 2003, a branch of the Centrospas detachment in Tuapse. Divers of all classes and specializations for the rescue teams of the Russian Emergencies Ministry study in Tuapse. The detachment has created a special group of submariners capable of working at depths of up to 100 meters using breathing gas mixtures of various composition.

The total number of the detachment is 646 people, including 227 rescuers, of whom 37 have the qualification "International class rescuer", 94 qualify as "1st class rescuer", 12 were awarded the honorary title "Honored rescuer of the Russian Federation". Each of the squadron's rescuers has 6-15 specialties: scuba diver, climber, parachutist, paramedic, explosives technician, signalman, etc. - and can work in any geographic location the globe, in the most difficult climatic conditions.

Tsentrospas is equipped with the most modern special equipment and equipment that allows rescuers to perform a wide range of rescue operations in various emergency situations.

From 1992 to 2012, Tsentrospas traveled 41.5 thousand times to deal with the consequences of various emergencies, of which more than 200 were at the international and federal levels. More than 25 thousand lives were saved, in more than 40 thousand cases emergency assistance was provided to the victims.

Tsentrospas took part in many humanitarian actions: on the delivery of humanitarian supplies in 1993 in the town of Tkvarcheli; in 1993-1994 to the former Yugoslavia; in 2000 to the Chechen Republic; in 2001-2002 to Afghanistan; in 2008 to the PRC, to South Ossetia. In 1995, the detachment took part in the liquidation of the consequences of the earthquake in the city of Neftegorsk, in 2000 in the liquidation of the consequences of a fire at the Ostankino TV tower in Moscow, in 2004 in a search and rescue operation to liquidate the consequences of the collapse of the dome of the Transvaal Park in the city of Moscow. Moscow and in the rescue operation in Beslan (North Ossetia), in 2005 in the liquidation of the consequences of the earthquake in South-East Asia, in 2006 in liquidation of the consequences of an earthquake in China, in 2009 in a search and rescue operation at the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station. In 2010, Tsentrospas rescuers took part in eliminating the consequences of terrorist attacks at the Lubyanka and Park Kultury metro stations in Moscow, an explosion at the Raspadskaya mine in the Kemerovo Region, and the consequences of a powerful flood in the Tuapse region Krasnodar Territory and etc.

The detachment's specialists are directly involved in the development, mastering and implementation of new technologies for conducting search and rescue operations. They have mastered the technology of landing on multi-dome parachute systems in the emergency zone of an airmobile hospital, rescue equipment, bulky cargo, special automobile equipment.

Most a shining example is the creation of an airmobile hospital with the possibility of autonomous operation for 14 days, with the presence of a modular system that allows you to transport that

hospital profile you need in this moment, including the resuscitation module.

If the hospital is dropped, the doctors can begin rendering assistance to the injured within 40 minutes, and after 1.5 hours, seven departments of the hospital are fully ready for work. Designed for 50 beds, the hospital is capable of admitting from 300 to 500 patients per day.

Since 2008, mobile medical modules have been used to evacuate critically ill patients on the basis of the Il-76 aircraft and the Mi-8 helicopter. The modules were developed with active participation the detachment's specialists and have no analogues in the world. During the flight, the doctors of the Centrospas squad can provide the victim with a full range of resuscitation measures. Over the years of using this aviation rescue technology, 225 casualties have been evacuated in case of disasters and fires.

The development of the detachment is carried out towards its further integration with the systems of international assistance, improvement of rescue technologies, including the response to emerging chemical accidents.

Centrospas has long earned a well-deserved recognition among the search and rescue units of the countries of the world. In June 2011, the squadron passed international certification according to INSARAG criteria (international an advisory group on search and rescue). Known as one of the best search and rescue teams, the squad has now received official recognition at the international level within the UN. Now there are only 15 so-called "heavy" rescue teams in the world, well equipped and capable of working in the most difficult conditions. Centrospas became the sixteenth.

The rescue methods used by Russian rescuers, unlike their foreign colleagues, whose actions are strictly regulated, are characterized not so much by technology or equipment as by dedication and dedication, a willingness to work on the brink of risk, sometimes to the detriment of their own safety.

During its existence, the detachment has lost several of its specialists. On April 22, 1998, while diving into the waters of the Arctic Ocean while testing rescue diving equipment, one of the founders of the detachment, Andrei Rozhkov, died. Rescuers Lev Samsonov, Vyacheslav Martynenko, Sergei Sergeev, Alexander Samorukov, and deputy chief of the detachment Igor Prokopchik were killed.

In 2004, during a rescue operation in Beslan to rescue schoolchildren captured by terrorists, rescuers Valery Zamaraev and Dmitry Kormilin were killed. Two more rescuers A. Kopeikin, P. Dronov and doctor A. Skorobulatov were injured. Thanks to their feat, hundreds of children survived.

For courage, heroism and highly professional actions shown when performing tasks to ensure the safety of citizens, mastering modern technologies three rescuers of the squadron were awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation - rescuers Andrey Nikolaevich Rozhkov (posthumously), Vladimir Danatovich Legoshin, Valery Valentinovich Zamaraev (posthumously). More than 350 rescuers of Tsentrospas EMERCOM of Russia were awarded orders and medals of the Russian Federation.

Scientific and technological progress, which not only contributes to an increase in productivity and improvement of working conditions, an increase in the material well-being and intellectual potential of society, but also leads to an increase in the risk of accidents in production, transport, infrastructure, and the residential sector, causes a change in the functions of the systems of protection of the population and territories. Over time, the nature of the threats, the living conditions of society, the real economic capabilities of the state change, which, accordingly, leads to a change in the systems for ensuring human security and protection. As a result, today there is a tendency of transition from search and rescue services to emergency rescue services and formations. The victim search function, which was laid down during the formation of the search and rescue service, of course remains, but in lesser degree... Certainly in the mountains North Caucasus, The Urals, in Siberia, in the tourist areas, search and rescue teams will remain. In industrial areas, the nature of accidents and emergencies that arise is completely different, which leads to the need to create emergency rescue services and emergency rescue teams.